The word "love" can have a variety of related but distinct meanings in different contexts.
Many
other languages use multiple words to express some of the different concepts that in English are
denoted as "love"; one example is the plurality of Greek concepts for "love" (agape, eros, philia,
storge) . Cultural differences in conceptualizing love thus doubly impede the establishment of a
universal definition.Although the nature or essence of love is a subject of frequent debate,
different aspects of the word can be clarified by determining what isn't love (antonyms of
"love"). Love as a general expression of positive sentiment (a stronger form of like) is commonly
contrasted with hate (or neutral apathy). As a less-sexual and more-emotionally intimate form of
romantic attachment, love is commonly contrasted with lust. As an interpersonal relationship
with romantic overtones, love is sometimes contrasted with friendship, although the word love is
often applied to close friendships or platonic love. (Further possible ambiguities come with
usages "girlfriend", "boyfriend", "just good friends").
Abstractly discussed, love usually refers to an experience one person feels for another. Love
often involves caring for, or identifying with, a person or thing (cf. vulnerability and care theory
of love), including oneself (cf. narcissism). In addition to cross-cultural differences in
understanding love, ideas about love have also changed greatly over time. Some historians date
modern conceptions of romantic love to courtly Europe during or after the Middle Ages,
although the prior existence of romantic attachments is attested by ancient love poetry.The
complex and abstract nature of love often reduces discourse of love to a thought-terminating
cliché. Several common proverbs regard love, from Virgil's "Love conquers all" to The Beatles'
"All You Need Is Love". St. Thomas Aquinas, following Aristotle, defines love as "to will the
good of another." Bertrand Russell describes love as a condition of "absolute value," as opposed
to relative value. Philosopher Gottfried Leibniz said that love is "to be delighted by the happiness
of another." Meher Baba stated that in love there is a "feeling of unity" and an "active
appreciation of the intrinsic worth of the object of love." Biologist Jeremy Griffith defines love
as "unconditional selflessness".