Islamic culture and civilization:

Culture and civilization:

 The word "culture" derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere,“ or
German word kultur which means to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation
 A state of human society that is very developed and organized is called civilization and the
customs, beliefs or way of life and social organization of a particular country or group is called
culture.

Etymology of Tehzib:

TEHZIB is an Arabic word which is derived from H-Z-B(‫ ھ‬- ‫ذ‬-‫ب‬.(It has the following meaning
Edification :improvement of mind or character

Culture Advanced development of the human

body, mind etc.; the intellectual development .

Courtesy: courteous behavior

Decorum: correct behavior that shows respect

Propriety : the accepted rules of social behavior

Polishing: action of polishing or shiny surface.

Politeness: quality of being polite

Civility: politeness; act of politeness

Islamic culture:

 Islamic culture is a term primarily used in secular academia to describe the cultural practices
common to historically Islamic people
 Islamic culture generally includes all the practices which have developed around the religion
of Islam, including Qur'anic ones such as prayer (salat) and non-Qur'anic such as divisions of
the world in Islam.
 Islamic culture is itself a contentious term

Few examples from ISLAMIC CULTURE are

Celebrations: Eid-ui-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha, Wearing the Hijab, Politeness and Respect for Elders
Treatment.

Main concept of Islamic culture:

History :
  Secular Muslim literature developed in the Umayyad empire.
 taken by the Arabs to distant lands and became part of a popular culture.
 In due course of time, Persian became one of the main languages of the civilization.
 In the subcontinent, syncretistic poetry from the Sufis propagated the foundations of Muslim
culture.

Characteristics Of Islamic Culture:

The Quran is considered to be the source of many aspects of Islamic culture. Certain acts or rituals that
Muslims do almost subconsciously are actually encouraged, or allowed by Allah, or mandated, in the
Quran.

Festivals and Marriage:

 Festivals like Eid ul-Fitr, Eid ul-Adha are classic examples of the influence of religion in the lives
of Muslim people
 Muslim culture, marriage is, in the words of Mohammed, 'half of religion'.
 The bonding of two souls in holy matrimony is looked upon as a legal bond and social contract.

Art and Architecture

 Art is an important part of Muslim culture.

Islamic architecture is common in the following features:

• Large courtyards

• Central prayer halls

• Minarets

• A wall niche(/Mehrab) indicating the direction to Mecca

• Domes

• Arabic calligraphy

• Fountains

• Bright color

Music :
 o Islamic music is mostly played in public services
o common music forms include Arab classical and North Indian classical music.
o The Sufis are credited with taking the music of the mystics far and wide.

Muslim Customs and Traditions:

 the traditions, sayings, and stories of Prophet Muhammad and his companions provided basis
for today's traditions and practices that are called the Hadith.
 Islam tells the five laws that are fundamental duties to unite Muslims in spirit. These are:

• Shahadah or the worship of one God only

. • Salah or prayer, at least five times a day.

• Zakat, or donation of alms.

• Swam, or fasting during Ramadan.

• Hajj, the pilgrimage to the Holy City of Meccah

Characteristics:

 The first characteristic is the fact that it is a civilization based on Islamic faith, imbued with its
values and principles.
 The second characteristic is that Islamic civilization is predicated on the idea that Man has
precedence over the rest of Allah's creatures.
 The third characteristic is its being a generous civilization which drew on the human civilizations
and cultures experienced by the peoples of the ancient world, but contributed copiously to the
advancement of science, knowledge and the values of justice, equality, beauty and virtue. Its
output benefited humanity at large, regardless of race, color or even religion.
 The fourth characteristic is its being a well-balanced civilization which secures fair equilibrium
between the materialistic and the spiritual sides.
 The fifth characteristic is its being a perennial civilization which will last as long as Islam, because
it is based on the very principles of Islam which Allah will preserve eternally.

Islamic Civilization:

civilization is “a social system which helps man to increase his cultural output.”

 Civilization consists of four main elements: economical resources, political systems,

Basic concept:
  Civilization consists of four main elements: economical resources, political systems, moral
traditions and science and arts.

Characteristics:

• Tawhid

• Risalat /Prophethood

• Belief in Divine Books

• Belief in Angels

• Belief in Day of Judgement /Akhrat

• Simplicity

• Equality

• Oneness in theory and practice

• Universal civilization(Universality)

• permanent civilization Characteristics of Islamic Culture

• Social Justice

• Brotherhood

• Cooperation and sympathy

• Tolerance

• Commanding Good and forbidding Evils

• Complete Balance

• Chasity & Purity

• Moderation

• Combination of Spirituality and Materialism

• Creative and reflective thinking

• Critical observation of Nat