Pelé

Edson Arantes do Nascimento[note 1] (Brazilian

Pelé
Portuguese:  [ˈɛdsõ(w) aˈɾɐ̃tʃiz du nasiˈmẽtu]; 23 October
1940 – 29 December 2022), known by his nickname Pelé
(Portuguese pronunciation:  [peˈlɛ]), was a Brazilian
professional footballer who played as a forward. Regarded
as one of the greatest players of all time and labelled "the
greatest" by FIFA,[1][2] he was among the most successful
and popular sports figures of the 20th century. In 1999, he
was named Athlete of the Century by the International
Olympic Committee and was included in the Time list of
the 100 most important people of the 20th century. In
2000, Pelé was voted World Player of the Century by the
International Federation of Football History & Statistics
(IFFHS) and was one of the two joint winners of the FIFA
Player of the Century. His 1,279 goals in 1,363 games,
which includes friendlies, is recognised as a Guinness
World Record.[3]
Pelé in 1995
Pelé began playing for Santos at age 15 and the Brazil Born Edson Arantes do
national team at 16. During his international career, he Nascimento
won three FIFA World Cups: 1958, 1962 and 1970, the 23 October 1940
only player to do so. He was nicknamed O Rei (The King) Três Corações, Minas
following the 1958 tournament. Pelé is the joint-top
Gerais, Brazil
goalscorer for Brazil with 77 goals in 92 games. At the
club level, he was Santos' all-time top goalscorer with 643 Died 29 December 2022
goals in 659 games.[4] In a golden era for Santos, he led (aged 82)
the club to the 1962 and 1963 Copa Libertadores, and to São Paulo, São Paulo,
the 1962 and 1963 Intercontinental Cup. Credited with Brazil
connecting the phrase "The Beautiful Game" with
Resting place Memorial Necrópole
football, Pelé's "electrifying play and penchant for
Ecumênica, Santos,
spectacular goals" made him a star around the world, and
São Paulo
his teams toured internationally to take full advantage of
his popularity.[5] During his playing days, Pelé was for a Occupations Footballer · humanitarian
period the best-paid athlete in the world. After retiring in Height 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)
1977, Pelé was a worldwide ambassador for football and
Spouses Rosemeri dos Reis Cholbi
made many acting and commercial ventures. In 2010, he
was named the honorary president of the New York (m. 1966; div. 1982)
Cosmos. Assíria Lemos Seixas
(m. 1994; div. 2008)
Averaging almost a goal per game throughout his career,
Pelé was adept at striking the ball with either foot in Marcia Aoki (m. 2016)
addition to anticipating his opponents' movements on the Children 7, including Edinho
field. While predominantly a striker, he could also drop
Parent Dondinho (father)
deep and take on a playmaking role, providing assists with
his vision and passing ability, and he would also use his
dribbling skills to go past opponents. In Brazil, he was Association football career
hailed as a national hero for his accomplishments in Position(s) Forward, attacking midfielder
football and for his outspoken support of policies that
Youth career
improve the social conditions of the poor. His emergence
at the 1958 World Cup, where he became the first black 1953–1956 Bauru
global sporting star, was a source of inspiration.[6] Senior career*
Throughout his career and in his retirement, Pelé received Years Team Apps (Gls)
numerous individual and team awards for his performance 1956–1974 Santos 636 (618)
in the field, his record-breaking achievements, and his 1975–1977 New York Cosmos 64 (37)
legacy in the sport. Total 700 (655)
International career
1957–1971 Brazil 92 (77)
Contents Honours
Early years Men's football
Club career Representing  Brazil
Santos FIFA World Cup
New York Cosmos
Winner 1958 Sweden
International career Winner 1962 Chile
1958 World Cup
Winner 1970 Mexico
1959 South American Championship
1962 World Cup South American Championship

1966 World Cup Runner-up 1959 Argentina

1970 World Cup *Club domestic league appearances and goals

Style of play Minister of Sports

Legacy In office
Accolades 1 January 1995 – 30 April 1998
Personal life President Fernando Henrique
Relationships and children Cardoso
Politics
Preceded by Office established
Religion
Succeeded by Rafael Greca
Public image
(as Minister of Sports and
Health
Tourism)
Death
After football Signature

Honours
Career statistics
Club
International
Summary
Filmography
See also
Notes
References
 Bibliography
External links

Early years
Pelé was born Edson Arantes do Nascimento on 23
October 1940 in Três Corações, Minas Gerais, the son
of Fluminense footballer Dondinho (born João Ramos
do Nascimento) and Celeste Arantes. He was the elder
of two siblings,[7] and was named after the American
inventor Thomas Edison.[8] His parents decided to
remove the "i" and call him "Edson", but there was a
mistake on the birth certificate, leading many documents
to show his name as "Edison", not "Edson", as he was
Born in Três Corações in Minas Gerais state in
called.[8][9] He was originally nicknamed "Dico" by his Brazil in 1940, Pelé has a street named after him
family.[7][10] He received the nickname "Pelé" during in the city – Rua Edson Arantes do Nascimento.
his school days, when, it is claimed, he was given it A statue of Pelé is also prominently placed in a
because of his pronunciation of the name of his plaza near the city's downtown.
favourite player, local Vasco da Gama goalkeeper Bilé,
which he misspoke, but the more he complained the
more it stuck. In his autobiography, Pelé stated he had no idea what the name means, nor did his old
friends.[7] Apart from the assertion that the name is derived from that of "Bilé", and that it is Hebrew for
‫ֶּ֫פ‬
"miracle" (‫) ֶלא‬, the word has no known meaning in Portuguese.[note 2][11]

Pelé grew up in poverty in Bauru in the state of São Paulo. He earned extra money by working in tea shops
as a servant. Taught to play by his father, he could not afford a proper football and usually played with
either a sock stuffed with newspaper and tied with string or a grapefruit.[12][7] He played for several
amateur teams in his youth, including Sete de Setembro, Canto do Rio, São Paulinho, and
Amériquinha.[13] Pelé led Bauru Athletic Club juniors (coached by Waldemar de Brito) to two São Paulo
state youth championships.[14] In his mid-teens, he played for an indoor football team called Radium.
Indoor football had just become popular in Bauru when Pelé began playing it. He was part of the first futsal
(indoor football) competition in the region. Pelé and his team won the first championship and several
others.[15]

According to Pelé, futsal (indoor football) presented difficult challenges: he said it was a lot quicker than
football on the grass, and that players were required to think faster because everyone is close to each other
in the pitch. Pelé credits futsal for helping him think better on the spot. In addition, futsal allowed him to
play with adults when he was about 14 years old. In one of the tournaments he participated in, he was
initially considered too young to play, but eventually went on to end up top scorer with 14 or 15 goals.
"That gave me a lot of confidence", Pelé said, "I knew then not to be afraid of whatever might come".[15]

Club career

Santos

In 1956, de Brito took Pelé to Santos, an industrial and port city located near São Paulo, to try out for
professional club Santos FC, telling the directors at Santos that the 15-year-old would be "the greatest
football player in the world."[17] Pelé impressed Santos coach Lula during his trial at the Estádio Vila
Belmiro, and he signed a professional contract with the club in June 1956.[18]
Pelé was highly promoted in the local media as a future superstar. He made his
senior team debut on 7 September 1956 at the age of 15 against Corinthians de
Santo André and had an impressive performance in a 7–1 victory, scoring the first
goal in his prolific career during the match.[19][20]

When the 1957 season started, Pelé was given a starting place in the first team
and, at the age of 16, became the top scorer in the league. Ten months after
signing professionally, the teenager was called up to the Brazil national team.
After the 1958 and the 1962 World Cup, wealthy European clubs, such as Real
Madrid, Juventus and Manchester United, tried to sign him in vain.[21] In 1958,
Inter Milan even managed to get him a regular contract, but Angelo Moratti was Pelé in 1962, by then
forced to tear the contract up at the request of Santos' chairman following a revolt rated the best player
[22] in the world[16]
by Santos' Brazilian fans. Valencia CF also arranged an agreement that would
have brought Pelé to the club after the 1958 World Cup, however after his
performances at the tournament Santos declined to let the player leave.[23][24] In
1961 the government of Brazil under President Jânio Quadros declared Pelé an "official national treasure"
to prevent him from being transferred out of the country.[12][25]

Pelé won his first major title with Santos in 1958 as the team won the
Campeonato Paulista; he would finish the tournament as the top scorer,
with 58 goals,[26] a record that still stands today. A year later, he would
help the team earn their first victory in the Torneio Rio-São Paulo with a 3–
0 over Vasco da Gama.[27] However, Santos was unable to retain the
Paulista title. In 1960, Pelé scored 33 goals to help his team regain the
Campeonato Paulista trophy but lost out on the Rio-São Paulo tournament
after finishing in 8th place.[28] In the 1960 season, Pelé scored 47 goals and
helped Santos regain the Campeonato Paulista. The club went on to win
the Taça Brasil that same year, beating Bahia in the finals; Pelé finished as
the top scorer of the tournament with nine goals. The victory allowed
Santos to participate in the Copa Libertadores, the most prestigious club
Pelé with Santos in the
tournament in the Western hemisphere.[29]
Netherlands, October 1962
Santos's most successful Copa
Libertadores season started in 1962;[31] "I arrived hoping to stop a
the team was seeded in Group One alongside Cerro Porteño and great man, but I went away
Deportivo Municipal Bolivia, winning every match of their group but convinced I had been
one (a 1–1 away tie versus Cerro). Santos defeated Universidad Católica undone by someone who
in the semi-finals and met defending champions Peñarol in the finals. was not born on the same
Pelé scored twice in the playoff match to secure the first title for a planet as the rest of us."
Brazilian club.[32] Pelé finished as the second top scorer of the
competition with four goals. That same year, Santos would successfully
—Benfica goalkeeper
defend the Campeonato Paulista (with 37 goals from Pelé) and the Taça
Costa Pereira following the
Brasil (Pelé scoring four goals in the final series against Botafogo).
Santos would also win the 1962 Intercontinental Cup against loss to Santos in 1962.[30]
Benfica.[33] Wearing his number 10 shirt, Pelé produced one of the best
performances of his career, scoring a hat-trick in Lisbon as Santos won
5–2.[34][35]
As the defending champions, Santos qualified automatically to the semi-
final stage of the 1963 Copa Libertadores. The ballet blanco, the nickname
given to Santos for Pelé, managed to retain the title after victories over
Botafogo and Boca Juniors. Pelé helped Santos overcome a Botafogo team
that featured Brazilian greats such as Garrincha and Jairzinho with a last-
minute goal in the first leg of the semi-finals which made it 1–1. In the
second leg, Pelé scored a hat-trick in the Estádio do Maracanã as Santos
won, 0–4, in the second leg. Santos started the final series by winning, 3–2,
in the first leg and defeating Boca Juniors 1–2, in La Bombonera. It was a
rare feat in official competitions, with another goal from Pelé.[36] Santos
became the first (and to date the only) Brazilian team to lift the Copa
Libertadores in Argentine soil. Pelé finished the tournament with five goals.
Santos lost the Campeonato Paulista after finishing in third place but went
on to win the Rio-São Paulo tournament after a 0–3 win over Flamengo in
the final, with Pelé scoring one goal. Pelé would also help Santos retain the
Intercontinental Cup and the Taça Brasil against AC Milan and Bahia
respectively.[33]
Pelé pictured before facing
In the 1964 Copa Libertadores, Santos was beaten in both legs of the semi- Boca Juniors in the second
finals by Independiente. The club won the Campeonato Paulista, with Pelé leg of 1963 Copa
netting 34 goals. Santos also shared the Rio-São Paulo title with Botafogo Libertadores Finals at La
and won the Taça Brasil for the fourth consecutive year. In the 1965 Copa Bombonera in Buenos Aires.
Libertadores, Santos reached the semi-finals and met Peñarol in a rematch He is the all-time leading
of the 1962 final. After two matches, a playoff was needed to break the goalscorer for Santos FC.
tie.[37] Unlike 1962, Peñarol came out on top and eliminated Santos 2–
1.[37] Pelé would, however, finish as the top scorer of the tournament with
eight goals.[38] This proved to be the start of a decline as Santos failed to retain the Torneio Rio-São Paulo.
In 1966, Pelé and Santos also failed to retain the Taça Brasil as Pelé's goals were not enough to prevent a
9–4 defeat by Cruzeiro (led by Tostão) in the final series. The club did, however, win the Campeonato
Paulista in 1967, 1968, and 1969. On 19 November 1969, Pelé scored his 1,000th goal in all competitions,
in what was a highly anticipated moment in Brazil. The goal dubbed O Milésimo (The Thousandth),
occurred in a match against Vasco da Gama, when Pelé scored from a penalty kick, at the Maracanã
Stadium.[39]

Pelé states that his most memorable goal was scored at the Estádio Rua Javari on a Campeonato Paulista
match against São Paulo rival Clube Atlético Juventus on 2 August 1959. As there is no video footage of
this match, Pelé asked that a computer animation be made of this specific goal.[40] In March 1961, Pelé
scored the gol de placa (goal worthy of a plaque), against Fluminense at the Maracanã.[41] Pelé received
the ball on the edge of his own penalty area, and ran the length of the field, eluding opposition players with
feints, before striking the ball beyond the goalkeeper.[41] A plaque was commissioned with a dedication to
"the most beautiful goal in the history of the Maracanã".[42]

In 1969, the two factions involved in the Nigerian Civil War agreed to a 48-hour ceasefire so they could
watch Pelé play an exhibition game in Lagos. Santos ended up playing to a 2–2 draw with Lagos side
Stationary Stores FC and Pelé scored his team's goals. The civil war went on for one more year after this
game.[43] During his time at Santos, Pelé played alongside many gifted players, including Zito, Pepe, and
Coutinho; the latter partnered him in numerous one-two plays, attacks, and goals.[44] Pelé's 643 goals for
Santos were the most goals scored for a single club until it was surpassed by Lionel Messi of Barcelona in
December 2020.[45][46]

New York Cosmos

After the 1974 season (his 19th with Santos), Pelé retired from
Brazilian club football although he continued to occasionally play
for Santos in official competitive matches. A year later, he came out
of semi-retirement to sign with the New York Cosmos of the North
American Soccer League (NASL) for the 1975 season.[47] At a
chaotic press conference at New York's 21 Club, the Cosmos
unveiled Pelé. John O'Reilly, the club's media spokesman, stated,
Pelé signing a football for U.S. "We had superstars in the United States but nothing at the level of
President Richard Nixon at the White Pelé. Everyone wanted to touch him, shake his hand, get a photo
House in 1973, two years before with him."[48] Though well past his prime at this point, Pelé was
joining the New York Cosmos credited with significantly increasing public awareness and interest
of the sport in the US.[49] During his first public appearance in
Boston, he was injured by a crowd of fans who had surrounded
him and was evacuated on a stretcher.[50]

Pelé made his debut for the Cosmos on 15 June 1975 against the Dallas
Tornado at Downing Stadium, scoring one goal in a 2–2 draw.[51] Pelé
opened the door for many other stars to play in North America. Giorgio
Chinaglia followed him to the Cosmos, then Franz Beckenbauer and his
former Santos teammate Carlos Alberto. Over the next few years other
players came to the league, including Johan Cruyff, Eusébio, Bobby
Moore, George Best and Gordon Banks.[49]

In 1975, one week before the Lebanese Civil War, Pelé played a friendly
game for the Lebanese club Nejmeh against a team of Lebanese Premier
League stars,[52] scoring two goals which were not included in his official
tally.[53] On the day of the game, 40,000 spectators were at the stadium
from early morning to watch the match.[52]

Pelé led the Cosmos to the 1977 Soccer Bowl, in his third and final season
with the club.[54] In June 1977, the Cosmos attracted an NASL record
62,394 fans to Giants Stadium for a 3–0 victory past the Tampa Bay
Rowdies with a 37-year-old Pelé scoring a hat-trick. In the first leg of the Pelé entering the field to
quarter-finals, they attracted a US record crowd of 77,891 for what turned play his first game with the
into an 8–3 rout of the Fort Lauderdale Strikers at Giants Stadium. In the Cosmos, 15 June 1975
second leg of the semi-finals against the Rochester Lancers, the Cosmos
won 4–1.[49] Pelé finished his official playing career on 28 August 1977,
by leading the New York Cosmos to their second Soccer Bowl title with a 2–1 win over the Seattle
Sounders at the Civic Stadium in Portland, Oregon.[55]

On 1 October 1977, Pelé closed out his career in an exhibition match between the Cosmos and Santos. The
match was played in front of a sold-out crowd at Giants Stadium and was televised in the US on ABC's
Wide World of Sports as well as throughout the world. Pelé's father and wife both attended the match, as
well as Muhammad Ali and Bobby Moore.[56] Delivering a message to the audience before the start of the
game—"Love is more important than what we can take in life"—Pelé played the first half with the
Cosmos, the second with Santos. The game ended with the Cosmos winning 2–1, with Pelé scoring with a
30-yard free-kick for the Cosmos in what was the final goal of his career. During the second half, it started
to rain, prompting a Brazilian newspaper to come out with the headline the following day: "Even The Sky
Was Crying."[57]

International career
Pelé's first international match was a 2–1 defeat against Argentina on 7 July 1957 at the Maracanã.[58][59]
In that match, he scored his first goal for Brazil aged 16 years and nine months, and he remains the
youngest goalscorer for his country.[60][61]

1958 World Cup

Pelé arrived in Sweden sidelined by a knee injury but on his return

from the treatment room, his colleagues stood together and insisted
upon his selection.[62] His first match was against the USSR in the
third match of the first round of the 1958 FIFA World Cup, where
he gave the assist to Vavá's second goal.[63] He was at the time the
youngest player ever to participate in the World Cup.[note 3][59]
Against France in the semi-final, Brazil was leading 2–1 at
Pelé (number 10) dribbles past three halftime, and then Pelé scored a hat-trick, becoming the youngest
Swedish players at the 1958 World
player in World Cup history to do so.[65]
Cup
On 29 June 1958, Pelé
became the youngest player
to play in a World Cup final match at 17 years and 249 days. He
scored two goals in that final as Brazil beat Sweden 5–2 in
Stockholm, the capital. Pelé hit the post and then Vavá scored two
goals to give Brazil the lead. Pelé's first goal, where he flicked the
ball over a defender before volleying into the corner of the net, was
selected as one of the best goals in the history of the World Cup.[66]
Following Pelé's second goal, Swedish player Sigvard Parling
17-year-old Pelé cries on the
would later comment, "When Pelé scored the fifth goal in that
shoulder of goalkeeper Gilmar after
Final, I have to be honest and say I felt like applauding".[67] When
Brazil won the 1958 World Cup final
the match ended, Pelé passed out on the field, and was revived by
Garrincha.[68] He then recovered, and was compelled by the
victory to weep as he was being congratulated by his teammates. He finished the tournament with six goals
in four matches played, tied for second place, behind record-breaker Just Fontaine, and was named best
young player of the tournament.[69] His impact was arguably greater off the field, with Barney Ronay
writing, "With nothing but talent to guide him, the boy from Minas Gerais became the first black global
sporting superstar, and a source of genuine uplift and inspiration."[6]
It was in the 1958 World Cup that Pelé began wearing a jersey with the number 10. The event was the
result of disorganization: the leaders of the Brazilian Federation did not allocate the shirt numbers of players
and it was up to FIFA to choose the number 10 shirt for Pelé, who was a substitute on the occasion.[70] The
press proclaimed Pelé the greatest revelation of the 1958 World Cup, and he was also retroactively given
the Silver Ball as the second best player of the tournament, behind Didi.[67]

1959 South American Championship

Pelé also played in the South American Championship. In the 1959 competition he was named best player
of the tournament and was the top scorer with eight goals, as Brazil came second despite being unbeaten in
the tournament.[67][71] He scored in five of Brazil's six games, including two goals against Chile and a hat-
trick against Paraguay.[72]

1962 World Cup

When the 1962 World Cup started, Pelé was the best-rated player in the
world.[73] In the first match of the 1962 World Cup in Chile, against
Mexico, Pelé assisted the first goal and then scored the second one, after a
run past four defenders, to go up 2–0.[74] He got injured in the next game
while attempting a long-range shot against Czechoslovakia.[75] This would
keep him out of the rest of the tournament, and forced coach Aymoré
Moreira to make his only lineup change of the tournament. The substitute
was Amarildo, who performed well for the rest of the tournament.
However, it was Garrincha who would take the leading role and carry
Brazil to their second World Cup title, after beating Czechoslovakia at the
final in Santiago.[76] At the time, only players who appeared in the final
were eligible for a medal before FIFA regulations were changed in 1978 to
include the entire squad, with Pelé receiving his winner's medal Pelé with Brazil taking on
retroactively in 2007.[77] Italy's Giovanni Trapattoni at
the San Siro, Milan, in 1963

1966 World Cup

Pelé was the most famous footballer in the world during the 1966 World Cup in England, and Brazil
fielded some world champions like Garrincha, Gilmar and Djalma Santos with the addition of other stars
like Jairzinho, Tostão and Gérson, leading to high expectations for them.[78] Brazil was eliminated in the
first round, playing only three matches.[78] The World Cup was marked, among other things, for brutal
fouls on Pelé that left him injured by the Bulgarian and Portuguese defenders.[79]

Pelé scored the first goal from a free kick against Bulgaria, becoming the first player to score in three
successive FIFA World Cups, but due to his injury, a result of persistent fouling by the Bulgarians, he
missed the second game against Hungary.[78] His coach stated that after the first game he felt "every team
will take care of him in the same manner".[79] Brazil lost that game and Pelé, although still recovering, was
brought back for the last crucial match against Portugal at Goodison Park in Liverpool by the Brazilian
coach Vicente Feola. Feola changed the entire defense, including the goalkeeper, while in midfield he
returned to the formation of the first match. During the game, Portugal defender João Morais fouled Pelé,
but was not sent off by referee George McCabe; a decision retrospectively viewed as being among the
worst refereeing errors in World Cup history.[80] Pelé had to stay on the field limping for the rest of the
game since substitutes were not allowed at that time.[80] Brazil lost the match against the Portuguese led by
Eusébio and were eliminated from the tournament as a result.[81] After this game he vowed he would never
again play in the World Cup, a decision he would later change.[73]

1970 World Cup

Pelé was called to the national team in early 1969, he refused at first, but
then accepted and played in six World Cup qualifying matches, scoring six
goals.[82] The 1970 World Cup in Mexico was expected to be Pelé's last.
Brazil's squad for the tournament featured major changes to the 1966
squad. Players like Garrincha, Nilton Santos, Valdir Pereira, Djalma
Santos, and Gilmar had already retired. However, Brazil's 1970 World Cup
squad, which included players like Pelé, Rivelino, Jairzinho, Gérson,
Carlos Alberto Torres, Tostão and Clodoaldo, is often considered to be the
greatest football team in history.[83][84]

The front five of Jairzinho, Pelé, Gerson, Tostão, and Rivelino together
Pelé trading card from the
created an attacking momentum, with Pelé having a central role in Brazil's
Mexico 70 series issued by
way to the final.[85] All of Brazil's matches in the tournament (except the
Panini
final) were played in Guadalajara, and in the first match against
Czechoslovakia, Pelé gave Brazil a 2–1 lead, by controlling Gerson's long
pass with his chest and then scoring. In this match Pelé attempted to lob
goalkeeper Ivo Viktor from the halfway line, only narrowly missing the Czechoslovak goal.[86] Brazil went
on to win the match, 4–1. In the first half of the match against England, Pelé nearly scored with a header
that was saved by the England goalkeeper Gordon Banks. Pelé recalled he was already shouting "Goal"
when he headed the ball. It was often referred to as the "save of the century."[87] In the second half, he
controlled a cross from Tostão before flicking the ball to Jairzinho who scored the only goal.[88]

Against Romania, Pelé scored two goals, which included a 20-yard

bending free-kick, with Brazil winning 3–2. In the quarter-final against
Peru, Brazil won 4–2, with Pelé assisting Tostão for Brazil's third goal. In
the semi-final, Brazil faced Uruguay for the first time since the 1950 World
Cup final round match. Jairzinho put Brazil ahead 2–1, and Pelé assisted
Rivelino for the 3–1. During that match, Pelé made one of his most famous
plays. Tostão passed the ball for Pelé to collect which Uruguay's
goalkeeper Ladislao Mazurkiewicz took notice of and ran off his line to get
the ball before Pelé. However, Pelé got there first and fooled Mazurkiewicz
with a feint by not touching the ball, causing it to roll to the goalkeeper's
left, while Pelé went to the goalkeeper's right. Pelé ran around the
goalkeeper to retrieve the ball and took a shot while turning towards the
goal, but he turned in excess as he shot, and the ball drifted just wide of the
far post.[86][89]
Mário Zagallo, Brazil's 1970
coach, with Pelé in 2008 Brazil played Italy in the final at the
Azteca Stadium in Mexico City.[91] Pelé “I have scored more than
scored the opening goal with a header after a thousand goals in my
out jumping Italian defender Tarcisio Burgnich. Brazil's 100th World Cup life and the thing people
goal, Pelé's leap of joy into the arms of teammate Jairzinho in celebrating always talk to me about is
the goal is regarded as one of the most iconic moments in World Cup the one I didn't score.” —
history.[92] He then made assists for Brazil's third goal, scored by Pele on the extraordinary
Jairzinho, and the fourth finished by Carlos Alberto. The last goal of the save by England
game is often considered the greatest team goal of all time because it goalkeeper Gordon
involved all but two of the team's outfield players. The play culminated Banks in their 1970
after Pelé made a blind pass that went into Carlos Alberto's running World Cup match.[90]
trajectory. He came running from behind and struck the ball to score. [93]
Brazil won the match 4–1, keeping the Jules Rimet Trophy indefinitely,
and Pelé received the Golden Ball as the player of the tournament.[67][94] Burgnich, who marked Pelé
during the final, was quoted saying, "I told myself before the game, he's made of skin and bones just like
everyone else  – but I was wrong".[95] In terms of his goals and assists throughout the 1970 World Cup,
Pelé was directly responsible for 53% of Brazil's goals throughout the tournament.[96]

Pelé's last international match was on 18 July 1971 against Yugoslavia in Rio de Janeiro. With Pelé on the
field, the Brazilian team's record was 67 wins, 14 draws, and 11 losses.[82] Brazil never lost a match while
fielding both Pelé and Garrincha.[97]

Style of play
Pelé has also been known for connecting the phrase "The Beautiful
Game" with football.[98] A prolific goalscorer, he was known for
his ability to anticipate opponents in the area and finish off chances
with an accurate and powerful shot with either foot.[5][99][100] Pelé
was also a hard-working team player, and a complete forward, with
exceptional vision and intelligence, who was recognised for his
precise passing and ability to link up with teammates and provide
them with assists.[101][102][103]

In his early career, he played in a variety of attacking positions. Pelé dribbling past a defender while
Although he usually operated inside the penalty area as a main playing for Brazil, May 1960
striker or centre forward, his wide range of skills also allowed him
to play in a more withdrawn role, as an inside forward or second
striker, or out wide.[86][101][104] In his later career, he took on more of a deeper playmaking role behind the
strikers, often functioning as an attacking midfielder.[105][106] Pelé's unique playing style combined speed,
creativity, and technical skill with physical power, stamina, and athleticism. His excellent technique,
balance, flair, agility, and dribbling skills enabled him to beat opponents with the ball, and frequently saw
him use sudden changes of direction and elaborate feints in order to get past players, such as his trademark
move, the drible da vaca.[86][104][107] Another one of his signature moves was the paradinha, or little
stop.[note 4][108]

Despite his relatively small stature, 1.73 metres (5  feet 8  inches),[109] he excelled in the air, due to his
heading accuracy, timing, and elevation.[99][102][107][110] Renowned for his bending shots, he was also an
accurate free-kick taker, and penalty taker, although he often refrained from taking penalties, stating that he
believed it to be a cowardly way to score.[111][112]

Pelé was also known to be a fair and highly influential player, who stood out for his charismatic leadership
and sportsmanship on the pitch. His warm embrace of Bobby Moore following the Brazil vs England game
at the 1970 World Cup is viewed as the embodiment of sportsmanship, with The New York Times stating
the image "captured the respect that two great players had for each other. As they exchanged jerseys,
touches, and looks, the sportsmanship between them is all in the image. No gloating, no fist-pumping from
Pelé. No despair, no defeatism from Bobby Moore."[113] Pelé also earned a reputation for often being a
decisive player for his teams, due to his tendency to score crucial goals in important matches.[114][115][116]

Legacy
Among the most successful and popular sports figures
of the 20th century,[117] Pelé is one of the most lauded
players in the history of football and has been frequently
ranked the best player ever.[1][118][119][120] Following
his emergence at the 1958 World Cup he was
nicknamed O Rei ("The King").[121] Among his
contemporaries, Dutch star Johan Cruyff stated, "Pelé
was the only footballer who surpassed the boundaries of
logic."[30] Brazil's 1970 World Cup-winning captain
Carlos Alberto Torres opined: "His great secret was
Pelé being held aloft after winning the 1970 World
improvisation. Those things he did were in one moment.
Cup Final in Mexico City. He is the only player to
He had an extraordinary perception of the game."[30] win three World Cups.
According to Tostão, his strike partner at the 1970
World Cup: "Pelé was the greatest – he was simply
flawless. And off the pitch he is always smiling and upbeat. You never see him bad-tempered. He loves
being Pelé." [30] His Brazilian teammate Clodoaldo commented on the adulation he witnessed: "In some
countries they wanted to touch him, in some they wanted to kiss him. In others they even kissed the ground
he walked on. I thought it was beautiful, just beautiful."[30] According to Franz Beckenbauer, West
Germany's 1974 World Cup-winning captain: "Pelé is the greatest player of all time. He reigned supreme
for 20 years. There's no one to compare with him."[67]

Former Real Madrid and Hungary star Ferenc Puskás stated: "The greatest
“I used to go out and player in history was Di Stéfano. I refuse to classify Pelé as a player. He
people said Pelé! Pelé! was above that."[30] Just Fontaine, French striker and the leading scorer at
Pelé! Pelé! all over the the 1958 World Cup said "When I saw Pelé play, it made me feel I should
world, but no one hang up my boots."[30] England's 1966 FIFA World Cup-winning captain
remembers Edson. Edson Bobby Moore commented: "Pelé was the most complete player I've ever
is the person who has the seen, he had everything. Two good feet. Magic in the air. Quick.
feelings, who has the Powerful. Could beat people with skill. Could outrun people. Only five
family, who works hard, feet and eight inches tall, yet he seemed a giant of an athlete on the pitch.
and Pelé is the idol. Pelé Perfect balance and impossible vision. He was the greatest because he
doesn't die. Pelé will could do anything and everything on a football pitch. I remember João
never die. Pelé is going to Saldanha the coach being asked by a Brazilian journalist who was the best
go on for ever. But Edson goalkeeper in his squad. He said Pelé. The man could play in any
is a normal person who is position".[99] Former Manchester United striker and member of England's
going to die one day, and 1966 FIFA World Cup-winning team Sir Bobby Charlton stated, "I
the people forget that.” sometimes feel as though football was invented for this magical
— Pelé on his lasting player."[30] During the 1970 World Cup, when Manchester United
legacy.[122] defender Paddy Crerand (who was part of the ITV panel) was asked,
"How do you spell Pelé?", he replied, "Easy: G-O-D."[30] Following
Pelé’s death, former Brazilian international and World Cup Winner Ronaldo stated that his “legacy
transcends generations”.[123] Ronaldo’s teammate for club and country, Roberto Carlos, also expressed
gratitude towards Pele, saying that the “football world thanks you for everything you did for us”.[124]
Many of such tributes were issued after Pelé’s death at the age of 82.[125][126][127][128]

Accolades

Since retiring, Pelé continued to be lauded by players, coaches, journalists

and others. Brazilian attacking midfielder Zico, who represented Brazil at
the 1978, 1982 and 1986 FIFA World Cup, stated: "This debate about the
player of the century is absurd. There's only one possible answer: Pelé.
He's the greatest player of all time, and by some distance I might add".[67]
French three-time Ballon d'Or winner Michel Platini said: "There's Pelé the
man, and then Pelé the player. And to play like Pelé is to play like
God."[129] Diego Maradona, joint FIFA Player of the Century, and the
player Pelé is historically compared with, stated, "It's too bad we never got
along, but he was an awesome player".[67] Prolific Brazilian striker
Romário, winner of the 1994 FIFA World Cup and player of the
tournament, remarked: "It's only inevitable I look up to Pelé. He's like a
God to us".[67] Five-time FIFA Ballon d'Or winner Cristiano Ronaldo said,
"Pelé is the greatest player in football history, and there will only be one 1969 Brazil postage stamp
Pelé", while José Mourinho, two-time UEFA Champions League winning commemorating Pelé's
manager, commented: "I think he is football. You have the real special one landmark 1,000th goal

– Mr. Pelé." [130] Real Madrid honorary president and former player,
Alfredo Di Stéfano, opined: "The best player ever? Pelé. Lionel Messi and
Cristiano Ronaldo are both great players with specific qualities, but Pelé was better".[131]

Presenting Pelé with the Laureus Lifetime Achievement Award, former

South African president Nelson Mandela said, "To watch him play was to
watch the delight of a child combined with the extraordinary grace of a
man in full." [132] US politician and political scientist Henry Kissinger
stated: "Performance at a high level in any sport is to exceed the ordinary
human scale. But Pelé's performance transcended that of the ordinary star
by as much as the star exceeds ordinary performance."[133] After a reporter
asked if his fame compared to that of Jesus, Pelé joked, "There are parts of
the world where Jesus Christ is not so well known." [95] The artist Andy
Warhol (who painted a portrait of Pelé) also quipped, "Pelé was one of the
few who contradicted my theory: instead of 15 minutes of fame, he will
have 15 centuries."[30] Barney Ronay, writing for The Guardian, stated,
"What is certain is that Pelé invented this game, the idea of individual
global sporting superstardom, and in a way that is unrepeatable now."[6]

Pelé wearing the Cosmos' In 2000, the International Federation of Football History & Statistics
No. 10. The number was (IFFHS) voted Pelé the World Player of the Century. In 1999, the
retired in his honor. International Olympic Committee elected him the Athlete of the Century
and Time magazine named Pelé one of the 100 Most Important People of
the 20th Century. During his playing days, Pelé was for a period the
highest-paid athlete in the world.[134] Pelé's "electrifying play and penchant for spectacular goals" made
him a star around the world. To take full advantage of his popularity, his teams toured internationally.[5]
During his career, he became known as "The Black Pearl" (A Pérola Negra), "The King of Football" (O
Rei do Futebol), "The King Pelé" (O Rei Pelé) or simply "The King" (O Rei).[12] In 2014, the city of
Santos inaugurated the Pelé museum – Museu Pelé – which displays a 2,400 piece collection of Pelé
memorabilia.[135] Approximately $22 million was invested in the construction of the museum, housed in a
19th-century mansion.[136]

In January 2014, Pelé was awarded the first ever FIFA Ballon d'Or
Prix d'Honneur as an acknowledgment from the world governing
body of the sport for his contribution to world football.[137] After
changing the rules in 1995, France Football did an extensive
analysis in 2015 of the players who would have won the award if it
was open for them since 1956—the year the Ballon d'Or award
started. Their study revealed that Pelé would have received the
award a record seven times (Ballon d'or: Le nouveau palmarès).
The original recipients, however, remain unchanged.[138] In 2020, Young visitors to the Pelé Museum,
Pelé was named in the Ballon d'Or Dream Team, a greatest all-time opened in 2014, in Santos, Brazil
XI.[139]

According to the RSSSF, Pelé was one of the most successful goal-scorers in the world, scoring 538 league
goals,[140] a total of 775 in 840 official games and a tally of 1,301 goals in 1,390 appearances during his
professional senior career, which included friendlies and tour games. He is ranked among the leading
scorers in football history in both official and total matches. After his retirement in 1977 he played eight
exhibition games and scored three goals.[141]

Personal life

Relationships and children

Children
Pelé married three times, and had several affairs,
fathering at least seven children in all.[142] By Anizia Machado
In 1966, Pelé married Rosemeri dos Reis Sandra (1964–2006)
Cholbi.[143] They had two daughters and one son: By Lenita Kurtz
Kelly Cristina (born 13 January 1967), who
married Arthur DeLuca, Jennifer (b. 1978), and Flávia (born 1968)
their son Edson ("Edinho", b. 27 August 1970). By Rosemeri dos Reis Cholbi
The couple divorced in 1982.[144] In May 2014,
Kely Cristina (born 1967)
Edinho was jailed for 33 years for laundering
Edson (born 1970)
money from drug trafficking.[145] On appeal, the
sentence was reduced to 12 years and 10 Jennifer (born 1978)
months.[146] By Assíria Lemos Seixas

From 1981 to 1986, Pelé was romantically linked Joshua (born 1996)
with TV presenter Xuxa, which was influential in Celeste (born 1996)
launching her career. She was 17 when they started
dating.[147] In April 1994, Pelé married psychologist and gospel singer Assíria Lemos Seixas, who gave
birth on 28 September 1996 to twins Joshua and Celeste through fertility treatments. The couple divorced
in 2008.[148]

Pelé had at least two more children from affairs. Sandra Machado, who was born from an affair Pelé had in
1964 with a housemaid, Anizia Machado, fought for years to be acknowledged by Pelé, who refused to
submit to DNA tests.[149][150][151] Pelé finally relented after a court-ordered DNA test proved she was his
daughter. Sandra Machado died of cancer in 2006.[150][151][152]

At the age of 73, Pelé announced his intention to marry 41-year-old Marcia
Aoki, a Japanese-Brazilian importer of medical equipment from Penápolis,
São Paulo, whom he had been dating since 2010. They first met in the mid-
1980s in New York, before meeting again in 2008.[153] They married in
July 2016.[154]

Politics

In 1970, Pelé was investigated by the Brazilian military dictatorship for

suspected leftist views. Declassified documents showed Pelé was
investigated after being handed a manifesto calling for the release of
political prisoners. Pelé himself did not get further involved in political A signed jersey donated by
struggles in the country.[155] Pelé to Pope Francis

In 1976, Pelé was on a Pepsi-sponsored trip in Lagos,

Nigeria, when that year's attempted military coup took
place. Pelé was trapped in a hotel together with Arthur
Ashe and other tennis pros, who were participating in the
interrupted 1976 Lagos WCT tournament. Pelé and his
crew eventually left the hotel to stay at the residence of
Brazil's ambassador as they could not leave the country
for a couple of days. Later the airport was opened and
Pelé left the country disguised as a pilot.[156][157]

In January 1995, he was appointed by Fernando Cardoso

as minister of sports. During his tenure, multiple reforms Brazil President Lula and Pelé in
against corruption in state football associations were commemoration of 50 years since the first
presented. He resigned from the post on 30 April World Cup title won by Brazil in 1958, at the
1998.[158] Palácio do Planalto in Brasília, 2008

In June 2013, he was criticised in public opinion for his

conservative views.[159][160] During the 2013 protests in Brazil, Pelé asked for people to "forget the
demonstrations" and support the Brazil national team.[161]

On 1 June 2022, Pelé published an open letter to the President of Russia Vladimir Putin on his Instagram
account, in which he made a public plea to stop the "evil" and "unjustified" 2022 Russian invasion of
Ukraine.[162][163][164]

Religion

A practicing Catholic, Pelé donated a signed jersey to Pope Francis. Accompanied by a signed football
from Ronaldo Nazario, it is located in one of the Vatican Museums.[165]

Public image
Pelé was known for illeism, frequently referring to himself in the third person.[166][167]

Health

In 1977, Brazilian media reported that Pelé had his right

kidney removed.[168] In November 2012, Pelé underwent
a successful hip operation.[169] In December 2017, Pelé
appeared in a wheelchair at the 2018 World Cup draw in
Moscow where he was pictured with President Vladimir
Putin and Argentine footballer Diego Maradona.[170] A
month later, he collapsed from exhaustion and was taken
to hospital.[170] In 2019, after a hospitalisation because of
a urinary tract infection, Pelé underwent surgery to
remove kidney stones.[171] In February 2020, his son Pelé in a wheelchair in 2018 at the unveiling of
Edinho reported that Pelé was unable to walk his statue in Rio de Janeiro
independently and reluctant to leave home, ascribing his
condition to a lack of rehabilitation following his hip
operation.[172]

In September 2021, Pelé had surgery to remove a tumour on the right side of his colon.[173] Although his
eldest daughter Kely stated he was "doing well", he was reportedly readmitted to intensive care a few days
later,[174] before finally being released on 30 September 2021 to begin chemotherapy.[175] In November
2022, ESPN Brasil reported that Pelé had been taken to hospital with "general swelling", along with
cardiac issues and concerns that his chemotherapy treatment was not having the expected effect; his
daughter Kely stated there was "no emergency".[176][177]

Death

On 21 December 2022, the Albert Einstein Hospital, where Pelé was being treated, stated that his tumour
had advanced and he required "greater care related to renal and cardiac dysfunctions".[178] Pelé died on 29
December 2022, at the age of 82, due to multiple organ failure, a complication of colon cancer.[179][180]

Tributes were paid by current players, including Neymar, Cristiano Ronaldo, Kylian Mbappé and Lionel
Messi, other major sporting figures, celebrities, and world leaders.[181][182][183][184] Brazilian president,
Jair Bolsonaro, declared a three-day period of national mourning.[185] Landmarks and stadiums lit up in
honour of Pelé include the Christ the Redeemer statue and Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro,[186] the
headquarters of CONMEBOL in Paraguay[185] and Wembley Stadium in London.[187]

Pelé's funeral will be held at Santos' stadium on 2 and 3 January 2023.[188][189] After the funeral, Pelé will
be buried at Memorial Necrópole Ecumênica.[190]

After football
In 1994, Pelé was appointed a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador.[191] In 1995, Brazilian President
Fernando Henrique Cardoso appointed Pelé to the position of Extraordinary Minister for Sport. During this
time he proposed legislation to reduce corruption in Brazilian football, which became known as the "Pelé
law."[192] Cardoso eliminated the post of sports minister in 1998.[193] In 2001, Pelé was accused of
involvement in a corruption scandal that stole $700,000 from UNICEF. It was claimed that money given to
Pelé's company for a benefit match was not returned after it was cancelled, although nothing was proven,
and it was denied by UNICEF.[194][195] In 1997, he
received an honorary knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II
at a ceremony in Buckingham Palace.[196] Pelé also
helped inaugurate the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals,
alongside supermodel Claudia Schiffer.[84]

Pelé at the White House on 10 September

1986, with U.S. President Ronald Reagan and
Brazil President José Sarney

In 1993, Pelé publicly accused the Brazilian football administrator

Ricardo Teixeira of corruption after Pelé's television company was
rejected in a contest for the Brazilian domestic rights to the 1994
World Cup.[197] Pelé's accusations led to an eight-year feud between
the pair.[198] As a consequence of the affair, the President of FIFA,
João Havelange, banned Pelé from the draw for the 1994 FIFA World
Cup in Las Vegas. Criticisms over the ban were perceived to have
damaged Havelange's chances of re-election as FIFA's president in
Pelé, Brazil's Extraordinary
1994.[197]
Minister for Sport, with U.S.
President Bill Clinton in Rio de Pelé has published several autobiographies, starred in documentary
Janeiro, 15 October 1997
films, and composed musical pieces, including Sérgio Mendes'
soundtrack for the film Pelé directed by François Reichenbach in
1977.[199][200] He appeared in the 1981 film Escape to Victory, about
a World War II-era football match between Allied prisoners of war and a German team. Pelé starred
alongside other footballers of the 1960s and 1970s, with actors Michael Caine and Sylvester Stallone.[201]
In 1969, Pelé starred in a telenovela called Os Estranhos, about first contact with aliens. It was created to
drum up interest in the Apollo missions.[202] In 2001, had a cameo role in the satire film Mike Bassett:
England Manager.[203] Pelé was asked to participate in the 2006 ESPN documentary film Once in a
Lifetime: The Extraordinary Story of the New York Cosmos, but declined when the producers refused to
pay his requested $100,000 fee.[204]

In November 2007, Pelé was in Sheffield, England, to mark

the 150th anniversary of the world's oldest football club,
Sheffield F.C.[205] Pelé was the guest of honour at
Sheffield's anniversary match against Inter Milan at Bramall
Lane.[205] As part of his visit, Pelé opened an exhibition
which included the first public showing in 40 years of the
original hand-written rules of football.[205] Pelé scouted for
Premier League club Fulham in 2002.[206] He made the
draw for the qualification groups for the 2006 FIFA World
Cup finals.[207] On 1 August 2010, Pelé was introduced as
the Honorary President of a revived New York Cosmos, Pelé at the World Economic Forum in
aiming to field a team in Major League Soccer.[208] In Switzerland, 2006
August 2011, ESPN reported that Santos was considering bringing him out of retirement for a cameo role
in the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup, although this turned out to be false.[209]

The most notable area of Pelé's life since football was his
ambassadorial work. In 1992, he was appointed a UN
ambassador for ecology and the environment.[210] He was also
awarded Brazil's gold medal for outstanding services to the sport
in 1995. In 2012, Pelé was awarded an honorary degree from
the University of Edinburgh for "significant contribution to
humanitarian and environmental causes, as well as his sporting
achievements".[211]

In 2009, Pelé assisted the Rio de Janeiro bid for the 2016
Summer Olympics. In July 2009, he spearheaded the Rio 2016
Pelé (second left) outside 10 Downing
presentation to the Association of National Olympic Committees
Street in London at a hunger summit
of Africa General Assembly in Abuja, Nigeria.[212]
hosted by British Prime Minister David
Cameron (waving to camera)
On 12 August 2012, Pelé was an attendee at the 2012 Olympic
hunger summit hosted by UK Prime Minister David Cameron at
10 Downing Street, London, part of a series of international
efforts which have sought to respond to the return of hunger as a high-profile global issue.[213][214] Later
on the same day, Pelé appeared at the closing ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London,
following the handover section to the next host city for the 2016 Summer Olympics, Rio de Janeiro.[215]

In March 2016, Pelé filed a lawsuit against Samsung Electronics

in the United States District Court for the Northern District of
Illinois seeking US$30  million in damages claiming violations
under the Lanham Act for false endorsement and a state law
claim for violation of his right of publicity.[216] The suit alleged
that at one point, Samsung and Pelé came close to entering into
a licensing agreement for Pelé to appear in a Samsung
advertising campaign, but Samsung abruptly pulled out of the
negotiations. The October 2015 Samsung ad in question Pelé with Vladimir Putin at the opening
included a partial face shot of a man who allegedly "very of the Confederations Cup 2017 in Saint
closely resembles" Pelé and also a superimposed high-definition Petersburg, Russia
television screen next to the image of the man featuring a
"modified bicycle or scissors-kick", often used by Pelé.[216] The
case was setlled out-of-court several years later.[217]

In addition to his ambassadorial work, Pelé supported various charitable causes, such as Action for Brazil's
Children, Gols Pela Vida, SOS Children's Villages, The Littlest Lamb, Prince's Rainforests Project and
many more.[218][219][220][221][222] In 2016, Pelé auctioned more than 1600 items from a collection he
accumulated over decades and raised £3.6 million for charity.[223][224] In 2018, Pelé founded his charitable
organisation, the Pelé Foundation, which endeavours to empower impoverished and disenfranchised
children from around the globe.[225][226]

Honours
Santos

Campeonato Brasileiro Série A: 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1968[227]

 Copa Libertadores: 1962, 1963[32][228]
Intercontinental Cup: 1962, 1963[229]
Intercontinental Supercup: 1968[229]
Campeonato Paulista: 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1969,
1973[note 5][231]
Torneio Rio-São Paulo: 1959, 1963, 1964, 1966[note 6][207]

New York Cosmos

North American Soccer League, Soccer Bowl: 1977[233]

North American Soccer League, Atlantic Conference Championship: 1977[233]

Brazil

FIFA World Cup: 1958, 1962, 1970[234]

Taça do Atlântico: 1960[235]
Roca Cup: 1957, 1963[236][237]
Taça Oswaldo Cruz: 1958, 1962, 1968[82][238]
Copa Bernardo O'Higgins: 1959[239]

Individual

In December 2000, Pelé and Maradona shared the prize of FIFA Player of the Century by FIFA.[240] The
award was originally intended to be based upon votes in a web poll, but after it became apparent that it
favoured Diego Maradona, many observers complained that the Internet nature of the poll would have
meant a skewed demographic of younger fans who would have seen Maradona play, but not Pelé. FIFA
then appointed a "Family of Football" committee of FIFA members to decide the winner of the award
together with the votes of the readers of the FIFA magazine. The committee chose Pelé. Since Maradona
was winning the Internet poll, however, it was decided he and Pelé should share the award.[241]

Campeonato Paulista Top Scorer: 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965,
1969, 1973[207]
FIFA World Cup Best Young Player: 1958[69]
FIFA World Cup Silver Ball: 1958
France Football's Ballon d'Or: 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1970 – Le nouveau
palmarès (the new winners)[138][242]
South American Championship Best Player: 1959[71]
South American Championship Top Scorer: 1959[72]
Gol de Placa: 1961[243][244]
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A Top Scorer: 1961, 1963, 1964[245]
Intercontinental Cup Top Scorer: 1962, 1963[246][247][248]
Torneio Rio-São Paulo Top Scorer: 1963[249]
Copa Libertadores Top Scorer: 1965[250]
BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year: 1970[251]
Bola de Prata: 1970[252]
FIFA World Cup Golden Ball (Best Player): 1970[67]
 South American Footballer of the Year: 1973[253]
Included in the North American Soccer League (NASL) All-Star team: 1975, 1976, 1977[254]
NASL Top Assist Provider: 1976[255]
NASL Most Valuable Player: 1976[255]
Number 10 retired by the New York Cosmos as a recognition to his contribution to the club:
1977[256][257]
Elected Citizen of the World, by the United Nations: 1977[258]
International Peace Award: 1978[259]
FIFA Order of Merit: 1984[260]
Inducted into the American National Soccer Hall of Fame: 1992[261]
Elected Goodwill Ambassador, by UNESCO: 1993[258]
Winner of France Football's World Cup Top-100 1930–1990: 1994[262]
Marca Leyenda: 1997[263]
World Team of the 20th Century: 1998[264]
Football Player of the Century, elected by France Football's Ballon d'Or Winners: 1999[265]
TIME: One of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th century: 1999[266]
Greatest Player of the 20th Century, by World Soccer: 1999[267]
Athlete of the Century, by Reuters News Agency: 1999[268]
Athlete of the Century, elected by International Olympic Committee: 1999[269]
World Player of the Century, by the IFFHS: 2000[270][271]
South American player of the century, by the IFFHS: 2000[270][271]
FIFA Player of the Century: 2000[67]
Laureus Lifetime Achievement Award: 2000[272]
FIFA Centennial Award: 2004[261]
FIFA 100 Greatest Living Footballers: 2004[273]
BBC Sports Personality of the Year Lifetime Achievement Award: 2005[274]
Elected best Brazilian player of the century, by the IFFHS: 2006[275]
Greatest football player to have ever played the game, by Golden Foot: 2012[276]
FIFA Ballon d'Or Prix d'Honneur: 2013[277]
World Soccer Greatest XI of All Time: 2013[278]
Legends of Football Award: 2013[279][280]
South America's Best Player in History, by L'Équipe: 2015[281]
Inspiration Award, by GQ: 2017[282]
Global Citizen Award, by the World Economic Forum: 2018[283]
FWA Tribute Award: 2018[284]
Ballon d'Or Dream Team: 2020[139]
IFFHS All-time Men's Dream Team: 2021[285]
IFFHS South America Men's Team of All Time: 2021[286]

Orders

Knight of the Order of Rio Branco: 1967[287]

 Elected Commander of the Order of Rio Branco after scoring the thousandth goal: 1969[258]
Awarded with the Order of Champions, by the Organization of Catholic Youth in the USA:
1978[258]
Awarded the FIFA Order as a tribute to his 80 years as a sports institution: 1984[258]
Awarded with the Order of Merit of South America, by CONMEBOL: 1984[258]
He was awarded the National Order of Merit, by the government of Brazil: 1991[258]
Awarded with the Cross of the Order of the Republic of Hungary: 1994[258]
Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (honorary knighthood): 1997[288]
Olympic Order, by the International Olympic Committee: 2016[289]

Records

Joint-most goals for Brazil national football team: 77 (95 including unofficial friendlies) (tied
with Neymar)[290]
Highest goals-per-game ratio (0.84) for Brazil national football team[291]
Highest goals-per-game ratio (0.84) of any South American top international scorer[292]
Highest goals-per-game ratio (2.33) of any leading scorer in the Intercontinental Cup
Most goals in the Intercontinental Cup: 7[293]
Most goals for Santos: 643 (in 659 competitive games)[4]
Most goals scored in a single Campeonato Paulista season: 58 (in 38 competitive
games,1958)[294]
Most goals in a calendar year (recognised by FIFA): 127 (1959)[292]
Most hat-tricks in world football: 92[295]
Most career goals in world football (including friendlies): 1,283 (in 1,363 games)[296]
Most FIFA World Cup winners' medals: 3 (1958, 1962, 1970)[296][297]
Youngest winner of a FIFA World Cup: aged 17 years and 249 days (1958)[298]
Youngest goalscorer in a FIFA World Cup: aged 17 years and 239 days (for Brazil vs Wales,
1958)[67][299]
Youngest player to score twice in a FIFA World Cup semi-final: aged 17 years and 244 days
(for Brazil vs France, 1958)[300]
Youngest player to score a hat-trick in a FIFA World Cup: aged 17 years and 244 days (for
Brazil vs France, 1958)[299]
Youngest player to play in a FIFA World Cup Final: aged 17 years and 249 days (1958)[301]
Youngest goalscorer in a FIFA World Cup Final: aged 17 years and 249 days (for Brazil vs
Sweden, 1958)[301]
Youngest player to score twice in a FIFA World Cup Final: aged 17 years and 249 days (for
Brazil vs Sweden, 1958)[300]
Youngest player to start a knockout match at a FIFA World Cup[302]
Youngest player to reach five FIFA World Cup knockout stage goals[303][304]
Youngest goalscorer for Brazil national football team: aged 16 years and nine months (Brazil
vs Argentina, 1957)[305]
First player to score in three successive FIFA World Cups[306]
One of only five players to have scored in four different FIFA World Cup tournaments[307][308]
One of only five players to have scored in two different FIFA World Cup Finals[309]
 Scored in two FIFA World Cup Finals for winning teams (shared with Vavá)
Most assists provided in FIFA World Cup history: 10 (1958–1970)[310]
Most assists provided in a single FIFA World Cup tournament: 6 (1970)[292]
Most assists provided in FIFA World Cup Final matches: 3 (1 in 1958 and 2 in 1970)[292]
Most assists provided in FIFA World Cup knockout phase: 6 (shared with Messi)[311]
Most goals from open play in FIFA World Cup Final matches: 3 (2 in 1958 and 1 in 1970)
(shared with Vavá, Geoff Hurst and Zinedine Zidane)[312]
Only player to reach 25 international goals as a teenager[313]
Only player to score in a FIFA World Cup before turning 18[313]
Only player to score a hat-trick in a FIFA World cup before turning 18[314]
Only player to have scored a hat-trick in the Intercontinental Cup[315]

Career statistics

Club

Pelé's goalscoring record is often reported by FIFA as being 1,281 goals in 1,363 games.[67] This figure
includes goals scored by Pelé in friendly club matches, including international tours Pelé completed with
Santos and the New York Cosmos, and a few games Pelé played in for the Brazilian armed forces teams
during his national service in Brazil and the Selection Team of São Paulo State for the Brazilian
Championship of States (Campeonato Brasileiro de Seleções Estaduais).[316][317] He was listed in the
Guinness World Records for most career goals scored in football.[3] In 2000, IFFHS declared Pelé as the
"World's Best and successful Top Division Goal Scorer of all time" with 541 goals in 560 games and
honoured him with a trophy.[318][319]

The tables below record every goal Pelé scored in official club competitions for Santos FC and all matches
and goals for the New York Cosmos.
 Santos FC records

Campeonato Domestic
Rio-São
Campeonato Paulista Brasileiro competitions
Club Season Paulo[note 7]
Série A[note 8] Sub-total L

Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals App

1956 0* 0* 1 1

1957 14+15* 19+17*[note 9][note 10] 9 5 38* 41*

1958 38 58 8 8 46 66

1959[323] 32 45 7 6 4* 2* 39 51

1960[324] 30 33 3 0 0 0 33 33 0

1961 26 47 7 8 5* 7 33 55 0

1962 26 37 0 0 5* 2* 26 37 4*

1963[325] 19 22 8 14 4* 8 27 36 4*

1964 21 34 4 3 6* 7 25 37 0*

1965 28 49 7 5 4* 2* 39 54 7*
Santos
1966 14 13 0* 0* 5* 2* 14* 13* 0

1967 18 17 14* 9* 32* 26* 0

1968 21 17 17* 12* 38* 28* 0

1969 25 26 12* 12* 37* 38* 0

1970 15 7 13* 4* 28* 11* 0

1971 19 6 21 1 40 7 0

1972 20 9 16 5 36 14 0

1973 19 11 30 19 49 30 0

1974 10 1 17 9 27 10 0

Total 410 468 53 49 173* 101* 636* 618* 15

* Indicates that the number was deduced from the list of rsssf.com and this list of Pelé
games.
 New York Cosmos records

League[note 13] Post season Other Total

Club Season
Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals

1975 9 5 – 14 12 23 17
New York
1976 22 13 2 2 18 11 42 26
Cosmos
1977 25 13 6 4 11 6 42 23

Total 56 31 8 6 43 27 107 66

International

With 77 goals in 92 official appearances, Pelé is the joint-top scorer of the Brazil national football team (tied
with Neymar).[67] He scored twelve goals and is credited with ten assists in fourteen World Cup
appearances, including four goals and seven assists in 1970.[19] Pelé shares with Uwe Seeler, Miroslav
Klose, Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo, the achievement of being the only players to have scored in
four separate World Cup tournaments.[326]

Source:[82]

International records
Team Year Apps Goals Goal average

1957 2 2 1.00

1958 7 9 1.28

1959 9 11 1.22

1960 6 4 0.67

1961 0 0 —

1962 8 8 1.00

1963 7 7 1.00

Brazil 1964 3 2 0.67

1965 8 9 1.12

1966 9 5 0.55

1967 0 0 —

1968 7 4 0.57

1969 9 7 0.77

1970 15 8 0.53

1971 2 1 0.50

Total 92 77 0.84

Summary
Pelé's statistics of goals and appearances differ between sources mostly due to friendly games. The RSSSF
states that Pelé scored 775  goals in 840 official games.[293] The following table is based on the latest
announcement of RSSSF (2021).[141]

Club/team Matches Goals

Santos FC 660 643

New York Cosmos 64 37

Brazil 92 77

Military Team 4 4

Selection São Paulo 15 12

Other Selections 5 2

TOTAL 840 775

Filmography

Year Title Role Notes Ref

1969 Os Estranhos Plínio Pompeu TV series [327]

O Barão Otelo no Barato dos [328]

1971 Dr. Arantes/Himself
Bilhões

1972 A Marcha Chico Bondade [329]

1981 Escape to Victory Corporal Luis Fernandez [330]

Also known as Young [330]

1983 A Minor Miracle Himself
Giants

1985 Pedro Mico [329]

1986 Hotshot Santos [330]

1986 Os Trapalhões e o Rei do Futebol Nascimento [329][331]

Solidão, Uma Linda História de [329]

1989
Amor

2001 Mike Bassett: England Manager Himself [330][329]

Man sitting in hotel [332]

2016 Pelé: Birth of a Legend Cameo appearance
lobby

See also
Association
football portal
Brazil portal

Biography portal

List of international goals scored by Pelé

Pelé runaround move
 List of international hat-tricks scored by Pelé
List of Brazil national football team hat-tricks
List of men's footballers with 50 or more international goals
List of men's footballers with 500 or more goals
Torcida Jovem of Santos FC School of Samba

Notes
1.
2. Pelé presumed that it was an insult since the word had no meaning in Portuguese. He
discovered in the 2000s that the word meant "miracle" in Hebrew.[11]
3. The mark was surpassed by Northern Ireland's Norman Whiteside in the 1982 FIFA World
Cup. He scored his first World Cup goal against Wales in the quarter-finals, the only goal of
the match, to help Brazil advance to the semi-finals while becoming the youngest ever World
Cup goalscorer at 17 years and 239 days.[64]
4. Pelé would stop in the middle of a run-up to a penalty kick before shooting the ball;
goalkeepers complained that this gave strikers an unfair advantage, however, and in the
1970s, FIFA banned this move from competitions.[108]
5. The 1973 Paulista was held jointly with Portuguesa.[230][207]
6. The 1964 Torneio Rio-São Paulo was held jointly with Botafogo.[232]
7. Soccer Europe compiled this list from The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.[320]
8. Statistics from 1957 to 1974 for the Taça de Prata, Taça Brasil and Copa Libertadores were
taken from Soccer Europe website. Soccer Europe lists The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics
Foundation, but do not give a season-by-season breakdown.[321]
9. In 1957, the Paulista Championship was divided in two phases: Blue Series and White
Series. In the first, Pelé scored 19 goals in 14 games, and in the Blue Series, scored 17
goals in 15 games.[322]
10. This number was inferred from a Santos fixture list from rsssf.com (https://web.archive.org/w
eb/20070202003924/http://paginas.terra.com.br/esporte/rsssfbrasil/historical.htm#estaduais)
and this list (http://pele.m-qp-m.us/english/pele_statistics.shtml) of games Pelé played.
11. Intercontinental Super Cup
12. Statistics from 1957 to 1974 for the Taça de Prata, Taça Brasil and Copa Libertadores were
taken from Soccer Europe website. Soccer Europe lists The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics
Foundation, but do not give a season-by-season breakdown.[321]
13. RSSSF recognize as league goals those scored in NASL, the post season play-offs,
Campeonato Paulista goals and the original Campeonato Brazileiro goals (1971–1974).
IFFHS has made the same validation in the past.

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ttps://books.google.com/books?id=d04FVw8V0YoC). Johnson Publishing Company. p. 120.
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Mason Charter Publishing. pp. 200 (https://archive.org/details/worldofpele0000marc/page/20
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External links
Pelé (https://web.archive.org/web/20150905/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-co
aches/people=63869/index.html) – FIFA competition record (archived)
Pelé (https://web.archive.org/web/20090108154314/http://national.soccerhall.org/famers/eds
on_nacmento.htm) at National Soccer Hall of Fame
Pelé: A Legend Looks Back (https://web.archive.org/web/20091120182603/http://www.life.co
m/image/first/in-gallery/32492/pele-a-legend-looks-back) – slideshow by Life magazine
List of Goals for Brazil (http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/pele-intlg.html)
Pelé (http://www.santosfc.com.br/pele/) at Santos official website
Pelé (http://www.planetworldcup.com/LEGENDS/pele.html) at Planet World Cup

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