Jagannath International Management School
Vasant Kunj, New Delhi – 110070
(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi)
Recognized u/s 2(f) by UGC & Accredited with ‘A’ Grade by NAAC
Participant of UNGC & UNPRME, New York ISO 9001:2015 Quality
Certified
Bachelor of Computer Application (BCA)
Batch: 2020-2023
Session: August- December 2022
Course-BCA Name- Sarthak sharma Subject Code:
20351 Enrol. No.- 35514202020
S. No. Name of the Practical Date Signature
1 Write a program to draw the following using
predefined functions in computer graphics:
Circle
Line
Rectangle
Arc
Ellipse
Also, change the background colour.
2 Write a program to draw a moving Cycle using Pre
defined functions in computer graphics
3 Write a program using pre-defined functions in
computer graphics to draw a night sky and stars
flickering
4 Write a program in C to draw a line using Digital
Differential Analyzer (DDA) Algorithm.
5 Write a menu driven program in C to draw an
Equilateral, Isosceles and Scalene triangle using line
drawing function.
6 Write a program in C to draw a line using
Bresenham’s Algorithm.
7 Write a program in C to draw a chessboard using
Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA) Algorithm.
8 Write a program in C to draw a circle using
Bresenham’s Algorithm.
9 Write a program in C to draw a circle using MidPoint
Algorithm.
10 Write a program in C to draw a moving wheel using
Mid-Point and DDA line algorithm.
• Write a program to draw the following using pre-defined functions in
computer graphics:
• Circle
• Line
• Rectangle
• Arc
• Ellipse
Also, change the background colour.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph (&gd,&gm,"c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
setbkcolor(RED);
printf("\t\t\t\n\nLINE");
line(50,40,190,40);
printf("\t\t\n\n\n\nRECTANGLE");
rectangle(125,115,215,165);
printf("\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\nARC");
arc(170,200,180,0,30);
printf("\t\n\n\n\nCIRCLE");
circle(170,270,30);
printf("\t\n\n\n\nELLIPSE");
ellipse(170,350,0,360,50,30);
getch();
}
Output
Write a program to draw a moving Cycle using Pre-defined functions in
computer graphics.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c://turboc3//bgi");
while(!kbhit())
{
for(x=0;x<=650;x++)
{
cleardevice();
//road
line(0,401,650,401);
//wheels
circle(40+x,370,30);
circle(150+x,370,30);
//frame
line(40+x,370,100+x,370);
line(40+x,370,60+x,330);
line(100+x,370,120+x,330);
line(60+x,330,120+x,330);
//handle
line(150+x,370,100+x,300);
line(100+x,300,90+x,300);
//handle
line(60+x,330,60+x,310);
line(50+x,310,70+x,310);
delay(20);
}
}
}
Output
Write a program using pre-defined functions in computer graphics to
draw a night sky and stars flickering.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,i;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c://turboc3//bgi");
//max resolution
getmaxx();
//color in pixels
putpixel(x,y, GREEN);
//coordinates
while(!kbhit())
{
for(i=0;i<500;i++)
{
x=rand()%getmaxx();
y=rand()%getmaxy();
putpixel(x,y,WHITE);
//WHITE COLOR
}
delay(850);
cleardevice();
}
}
Output
Write a program in C to draw a line using Digital Differential Analyzer
(DDA) Algorithm.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void dda(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2)
{
int dx=x2-x1,dy=y2-y1,s,k;
float xinc,yinc, x=x1,y=y1;
if(abs(dx)>abs(dy))
s=abs(dx);
else s=abs(dy);
xinc=dx/s;
yinc=dy/s;
putpixel(x,y,15);
for(k=0;k<dx;k++)
{
x+=xinc;
y+=yinc;
putpixel(abs(x),abs(y),15);
delay(35);
}
}
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
dda(50,50,150,150);
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Write a menu driven program in c to draw an equilateral, isosceles and
scalene triangle using line drawing function.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<dos.h>
#include<ctype.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int c,x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,s1,t=0;
char ask='y';
clrscr();
do
{
printf("Choose which type of triangle you want to draw: \n");
printf("1. Equilateral Triangle \n");
printf("2. Isoceles Triangle \n");
printf("3. Scalene Triangle \n");
printf("4. Exit\n");
printf("Enter the number : ");
scanf("%d",&c);
clrscr();
if(c==1)
{
printf("Enter the side of equilateral triangle \n");
scanf("%d",&s1);
printf("Enter the coordinates for any 2 points of the triangle \nX1=");
scanf("%d",&x1); printf("Y1=");
scanf("%d",&y1); printf("X2=");
scanf("%d",&x2); printf("Y2=");
scanf("%d",&y2);
x3=abs((x1+x2+sqrt(3)*(y1-y2))/2);
y3=abs((y1+y2+sqrt(3)*(x2-x1))/2);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x1,y1,x3,y3);
line(x2,y2,x3,y3);
delay(5000);
closegraph();
printf("Was this the required one ? y or n \n");
scanf("%s",&ask);
if(tolower(ask)=='n')
{
int x,y;
x=x1;
y=y1;
x1=x2;
y1=y2;
x2=x;
y2=y;
x3=abs((x1+x2+sqrt(3)*(y1-y2))/2);
y3=abs((y1+y2+sqrt(3)*(x2-x1))/2);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x1,y1,x3,y3);
line(x2,y2,x3,y3);
getch();
closegraph();
}
else
{
printf("\nOKAY!");
delay(3000);
clrscr();
}
}
else if(c==2 || c==3)
{
printf("Enter the coordinates for all points of the ");
if(c==2)
{
printf("Isosceles ");
}
else if(c==3)
{
printf("Scalene ");
}
printf("triangle \n X1=");
scanf("%d",&x1);
printf("Y1=");
scanf("%d",&y1);
printf("X2=");
scanf("%d",&x2);
printf("Y2=");
scanf("%d",&y2);
printf("X3=");
scanf("%d",&x3);
printf("Y3=");
scanf("%d",&y3);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
line(x1,y1,x3,y3);
line(x2,y2,x3,y3);
getch();
closegraph();
}
else if(c==4)
{
t=1;
}
}
while(t<1);
}
Output
Write a program in C to draw a line using Bresenham’s Algorithm.
Code
#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void drawline(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1)
{
int dx, dy, p, x, y;
dx=x1-x0;
dy=y1-y0;
x=x0;
y=y0;
p=2*dy-dx;
while(x<x1)
{
if(p>=0)
{
putpixel(x,y,7);
y=y+1;
p=p+2*dy-2*dx;
}
else
{
putpixel(x,y,7);
p=p+2*dy;
}
x=x+1;
}
}
int main()
{
int gdriver=DETECT, gmode, error, x0, y0, x1, y1;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
printf("Enter co-ordinates of first point: ");
scanf("%d%d", &x0, &y0);
printf("Enter co-ordinates of second point: ");
scanf("%d%d", &x1, &y1);
drawline(x0, y0, x1, y1);
getch();
return 0;
}
Output
Write a program in c to draw a chessboard using Digital Differential
Analyzer (DDA) Algorithm.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void DDA(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
int dx = x2 - x1, dy = y2 - y1, s, k;
float xinc, yinc, x = x1, y = y1;
if (abs(dx) > abs(dy))
{
s = abs(dx);
}
else
{
s = abs(dy);
}
xinc = dx / s;
yinc = dy / s;
putpixel(x, y, 15);
for(k = 0; k < s; k++)
{
x += xinc;
y += yinc;
putpixel(abs(x), abs(y), 15) ;
}
}
void fill(int x, int y)
{
int i;
for(i=x;i<(x+50);i++)
DDA(i,y,i,y+50);
}
void main()
{
int i,j,c=0;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "c://turboc3//bgi");
DDA(100, 50, 100, 450);
DDA(100, 50, 500, 50);
DDA(500, 50, 500, 450);
DDA(100, 450,500, 450);
for(i=100;i<500;i=i+50)
{
for(j=50;j<450;j=j+50)
{
if(c%2==0)
fill(i,j);
c++;
}
c++;
}
getch();
}
Output
Write a program in c to draw a circle Bresenham’s
Algorithm.
Code
#include<graphics.h>
#include<stdio.h>
void pixel(int xc,int yc,int x,int y);
int main()
{
int gd,gm,xc,yc,r,x,y,p;
detectgraph(&gd,&gm);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"C://TurboC3//BGI");
printf("Enter center of circle :");
scanf("%d%d",&xc,&yc);
printf("Enter radius of circle :");
scanf("%d",&r);
x=0;
y=r;
p=3-2*r;
pixel(xc,yc,x,y);
while(x<y)
{
if(p<0)
{
x++;
p=p+4*x+6;
}
else
{
x++;
y--;
p=p+4*(x-y)+10;
}
pixel(xc,yc,x,y);
}
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
void pixel(int xc,int yc,int x,int y)
{
putpixel(xc+x,yc+y,WHITE);
putpixel(xc+x,yc-y,WHITE);
putpixel(xc-x,yc+y,WHITE);
putpixel(xc-x,yc-y,WHITE);
putpixel(xc+y,yc+x,WHITE);
putpixel(xc+y,yc-x,WHITE);
putpixel(xc-y,yc+x,WHITE);
putpixel(xc-y,yc-x,WHITE);
}
Output
Write a program in C to draw a circle using Mid-Point Algorithm.
Code
#include<stdio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void drawcircle(int x0, int y0, int radius)
{
int x = radius;
int y = 0;
int err = 0;
while (x >= y)
{
putpixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, 7);
putpixel(x0 + y, y0 + x, 7);
putpixel(x0 - y, y0 + x, 7);
putpixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, 7);
putpixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, 7);
putpixel(x0 - y, y0 - x, 7);
putpixel(x0 + y, y0 - x, 7);
putpixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, 7);
if (err <= 0)
{
y += 1;
err += 2*y + 1;
}
if (err > 0)
{
x -= 1;
err -= 2*x + 1;
}
}
}
int main()
{
int gdriver=DETECT, gmode, error, x, y, r;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
printf("Enter radius of circle: ");
scanf("%d", &r);
printf("Enter co-ordinates of center(x and y): ");
scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
drawcircle(x, y, r);
getch();
return 0;
}
Output
Write a program in C to draw a moving wheel using Mid-Point and
DDA line algorithm.
Code
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<dos.h>
int l = 1;
void ddaline(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
int s, dx, dy, m;
float xi, yi, x, y;
dx = x2 - x1;
dy = y2 - y1;
if (abs(dx) > abs(dy))
s = abs(dx); else
s = abs(dy);
xi = dx / (float) s;
yi = dy / (float) s;
x = x1;
y = y1;
putpixel(x1 + 0.5, y1 + 0.5, 15);
for (m = 0; m < s; m++)
{
x += xi;
y += yi;
putpixel(x + 0.5, y + 0.5, 15);
}
}
void plotpoints1(int x, int y, int cx, int cy)
{
putpixel(cx + x, cy + y, 15);
putpixel(cx - x, cy - y, 15);
putpixel(cx - y, cy + x, 15);
putpixel(cx + y, cy - x, 15);
if (l % 20 == 0)
{
ddaline(cx - x, cy - y, cx + x, cy + y);
ddaline(cx - y, cy + x, cx + y, cy - x);
}
l++;
}
void plotpoints2(int x, int y, int cx, int cy)
{
putpixel(cx - x, cy + y, 15);
putpixel(cx + x, cy - y, 15);
putpixel(cx + y, cy + x, 15);
putpixel(cx - y, cy - x, 15);
if (l % 20 == 0)
{
ddaline(cx + x, cy - y, cx - x, cy + y);
ddaline(cx - y, cy - x, cx + y, cy + x);
}
l++;
}
void mcircle(int cx, int cy, int r)
{
int x = 0, y, p;
y = r;
p = 1 - r;
while (x < y)
{
plotpoints1(x, y, cx, cy);
x++;
if (p < 0)
p += 2 * x + 1;
else
{
y--;
p += 2 * (x - y) + 1;
}
}
x = y + 1;
while(abs(x) > 0)
{
plotpoints2(x, y, cx, cy);
x--;
if (p >= 0)
p = p - 2 * x - 1;
else
{
y++;
p = p - 2 * (x - y) - 1;
}
}
}
void main()
{
int gd = DETECT, gm = DETECT;
int i = 0;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "c:\\turboc3\\bgi");
while (!kbhit())
{
if (i > 640)
i = -200;
cleardevice();
mcircle(100 + (i++), 200, 100);
delay(90);
i++;
}
getch();
}
Output
