ACTIVITY 6 – INFORMATION REPORT

I. The Concept of Space

a. Definition

Space, in every sense of the word, is one of the most influential aspects of the

“analysis” stage in design problem-solving. Before one actually designs a space for people to

behave in, it makes a great deal of sense for him to be aware of how the people behave to

begin with. Knowing what activities, conditions, and people he is planning for. He should be

able to use his time and effort constructively and in a worthwhile fashion.

Physical space; is easier to design for people’s

physical needs than to provide for their social and

psychological needs because physical characteristics

are a measurable commodity. One can measure, for

example, how high storage can be placed in a kitchen

by finding out how high a person of average height

can comfortably reach.

There are other forms of physical space too. In

addition to the need for a certain amount of area

around each person, everyone requires Visual space;

a place to rest their eyes. People refer to resting their

eyes away from other people. Indeed, it is a form of

obtaining privacy for which one does not need to be

alone. (Architectural Theories of Design, 2020)

b. Bedroom Renovation
 While observing the client’s bedroom, the designer noticed that the existing room

does not give her client enough space wherein she can work on her academic and

employment outputs. The existing bedroom is loaded with a lot of things that are quite

unnecessary which gives off a crowded feeling.

II. The Concept of Line

a. Definition

A line connects two points. It’s also the path made by a moving point. Lines can be

thick or thin. They can be long or short; horizontal, vertical, curving, or diagonal; each has an

impact on how you perceive space. Lines can also be combined to create shapes and planes,

or forms. Structural elements applied finishes, even lighting can all be applied to create

strong lines within a space. (Lines Used in Architectural Drawings and their Importance,

2020)

The Meaning of Different Kinds of Lines:

1. Horizontal Line

Lines applied horizontally often

evoke feelings of stability,

grounding, emphasis, and direction.

So, although horizontal lines tend to

create length and lower the ceiling

of a space, they can also be applied

to direct the viewer to a particular

focal point.
(The gold panels applied vertically and upwards onto the ceiling create a strong line that

really adds to the feeling of height in Le Theatre Saint-Nazaire designed by K-architectures.

2. Vertical Line

Vertical lines are often associated

with strength (think pillar of

strength), and stability, compared

to viewing horizontal lines.

Additionally, vertical lines extend

away from our visual plane. For

these reasons, the length of a line

applied vertically is often extended

lending to the feeling of height in a

space.

(If the goal was to create a dynamic and fun space, Dialogue 38 hit the nail on the head with

this design for Guu Izakaya)

3. Diagonal Line

Diagonal lines typically connote

a sense of dynamic movement,

transformation, and freedom.

Diagonal lines can really bring life to

a space, direct the eye upwards or

downwards, and add volume to a

space, making it feel larger than it is. That being said if applied incorrectly, diagonal lines can

conjure a sense of confusion and imbalance. (This undulating seating element designed by

Cappellini really creates a playful environment in this interior space.

4. Curved Line

Curving lines whether freeform, arcing, circular, or elliptical often feel natural, organic,

playful, and soothing. If you are looking to make a space flow curving lines are a great way to

do it. They are also very voluminous taking up space within an interior.

b. Bedroom Renovation

For the existing bedroom’s interior, the designer observed that there are only a few

lines that give impact the room. But, even if there are only a few (or some are hidden

because of large objects inside the room), it is still enough to make the room look dull and

boring because there is no impact coming from the lines of architecture in that aspect.

III. Concept of Forms

a. Definition

Form in architecture not just plays a very crucial role but it is probably the most

debated subject as well. It is not just simply the shape or configuration of a building but it
comprises of lot many elements be it a point, line, plane, or volume. So, it may be any text,

textures, or images that we use in design. (Importance of Form In Architecture, 2020) Any

architecture without any form can never be imagined, here are the importance of forms:

1. Regular Forms

are more often seen in

buildings where one or more

than one element is repeated

in the design in some fairly

and orderly manner that

gives a clear look to the

design. Such designs merge

with the existing skyline very easily without creating any rough effect on the surroundings

and a very peaceful vision in the eyes of a viewer. Remember these designs are generally

more stable and symmetrical in nature.

2. Irregular Forms

Almost all the parts/elements of irregular

forms are dissimilar from one another in

nature creating a chaotic look for the

viewer. All the elements are placed in a

puzzled manner creating a unique design

that results in a very challenging way to

the other surrounding buildings. Many

the master architects like Zaha Hadid

have 99% of their interest in this kind of form which let their output come out in a unique

manner.

3. Regular or Irregular Mix Form

Be it a regular or irregular form,

transformations (additive or

subtractive) in the existing form make

the design even more appealing and

unique. This actually results in losing

the initial form of the design and

making a building look completely

different from all the previous stages.

This kind of transformation through a series of discrete manipulations creates an infinite

number of permutations in terms of design options.

4. Forms inspired

by Nature

It is not always about

just the regular or

irregular forms,

designers can find

inspiration from anywhere, especially nature, and this specific kind of inspiration is actually

called biomimetic architecture. The forms are inspired so much by nature that what seems

so simple in nature can actually translate to better design solutions by a designer. These

design solutions are generally more efficient, sustainable, and healthy. By the way, these
types of forms are not actually about replicating the natural form, it is more about

understanding the rules governing the form.

5. Unusual Forms

There then comes a time when

people started preferring some

unusual forms so as to keep

themselves a point away from

those usual kinds of regular and

irregular forms. These forms could

be in the shape of a piano, a

pineapple, an elephant, or anything like that, and let me tell you not to confuse these

unusual forms with those stated Biomimetic forms.

6. Different Forms In

Interior

Forms aren't just important only

in exteriors, it plays an equally

important role in interiors as well

to create a dramatic effect with

its distinctive features in the

ceiling, walls, arches, flooring, columns, etc. Different forms in the interior create a different
kinds of moods be it mysterious, romantic, extravagant, bold, lavish, etc. By putting a few

key elements together, one can enjoy a unique form in its own way.

7. Geometry and Architectural Forms

Geometry and

architectural forms are

totally interlinked. There

are a lot of forms that are

totally derived by using

various kinds of formulas

like Golden section,

Pythagoras, Alberti,

Kepler, Modular, etc. that show the coherence of composition and geometry. The result of

these formulas is generally seen as the ideal proportion and epitome of aesthetics and

harmony.

b. Bedroom Renovation

The form that the existing bedroom has is a regular form, which the designer does

not plan to change. Therefore, the renovated bedroom will still be in its regular form after

some enhancements.

IV. Concept of Light

a. Definition
 Light plays a central role in the design of a visual environment. The architecture,

people, and objects are all made visible by the lighting. Light influences our well-being, the

aesthetic effect, and the mood of a room or area. It is light that first enables “what you see”.

Our perception of architecture will be influenced by light:

o Light defines zones and boundaries,

o Light expands and accentuates rooms,

o Light creates links and delineates one area from another.

Different Types of Lighting:

✔ Ambient Lighting.

General or ambient

lighting is intended to light up a

room in its entirety. It provides a

uniform level of illumination

throughout the space

independently of other lighting

sources. Moreover, its purpose is

to ensure safe and easy traffic, as

well as to create an overview of

the room. The ambient light

‘bounces’ off the walls to illuminate as much space as possible.

 (Types of fixtures that can provide general ambient indoor lighting: Chandelier, Ceiling

mounted fixture, Wall-mounted fixture, Traditional recessed fixtures and/or LED downlights,

Track light, Floor lamp, Table lamp)

✔ Ambient Outdoor

Lighting

is usually installed in order to

ensure visibility and increase

security around a building. It is

also recommended to light up

the exterior of the building,

entrances, and stairs to reduce

and perhaps eliminate the risk

of injury that can occur when

entering and leaving the

building.

(Types of fixtures that provide ambient outdoor lighting: Spotlight, hanging fixture, Garage,

and canopy lighting, Post lantern, Wall lighting, Recessed fixture used in overhanging

structures)

✔ Task Lighting

Task lighting illuminates

the tasks a person carries out in

a given space such as reading, cooking, and computer work. A brighter light is required in a

smaller focal point of the room for these sorts of tasks. For a more pleasant illumination, it is

often best to avoid harsh lights or lighting that casts troublesome shadows. It is also

practical to install a single switch for focal lighting, independent from the room’s overall

lighting switch.

(Types of Fixtures that Provide Task Lighting: Directional gimbal recessed fixture or

downlight, Pendant lighting, Slim line bar and undercabinet, Tape and extrusion, Portable or

desk lamp)

✔ Accent Lighting

Accent lighting is used mainly to

focus on a specific point of

interest or to achieve a desired

effect. This type of lighting gives

the impression of a larger room.

It is more frequently used to

highlight an architectural feature,

a plant (in outdoor layout), a

sculpture, or a collection of

objects. As a general rule,

effective accent lighting requires the installation of three times lighter on the focal point

than ambient lighting generally provides.

(Types of Fixtures that Provide Accent Lighting: Track light, Slim line bar and undercabinet,

Tape and extrusion, Directional recessed fixture or downlight, Wall-mounted fixtures)

 V. Concept of Color

a. Definition

Color is a sensory perception, and as any sensory perception, it has effects that are

symbolic, associative, synesthetic, and emotional. This self-evident logic has been proven

by scientific investigation. Because the body and mind are one entity, neuropsychological

aspects, psychosomatic effects, visual ergonomics, and color’s psychological effects are the

components of color ergonomics. 

Color has not always been so detached from architectural design. Historically, the

artist’s profession encompassed all, but not exclusively: painting, sculpture, and

architecture. The color was used lavishly in architecture, because of the desire to glorify

gods or kings or to celebrate the marvel of the building itself.

Color psychology is the study of colors in relation to human behavior. It aims to

determine how color affects our day to day decisions such as the items we buy. Does the

color of a dress compel us to purchase? Do the colors of a package make us choose one

brand

over another? Does

the color of an icon make us

more likely to click on it? The

short answer is yes. But the

why part is a bit more

complicated. Color meanings

can have an impact on why

we prefer certain colors over

others. The same color can also have different meanings that are dependent on our

upbringing, gender, location, values, and a variety of other factors.  

b. Bedroom Renovation

To achieve the minimalistic look of the bedroom, the designer decided to opt for the

neutral color palette. The goal is to make the bedroom clean and simple. That’s why the

designer prefers white or off-white colors for the walls. Then incorporate other colors in

terms of a secondary color (grey, brown) as well as accent colors (red or yellow).

VI. Concept of Texture

a. Definition

Texture plays a dual role in architecture: it expresses something of the quality of

materials, and it gives a particular quality to light. Although one absorbs both qualities

simultaneously by eye, the first has tactile, and the second visual associations.

The texture is the property, sensation, and feel of the objects received through the

sense of touch and vision. They may be used for the description of tactile sensations. The

textures for the interior and exterior of a building have to be selected very carefully. Textures

can be categorized in different ways as follows.

Types of Texture in Architecture:

✔ Smooth and Rough Texture

 Smooth textures are non-tactile textures.

They are so fine that they appear smooth to

touch as well as to look at. The surface of

internal walls and floors and furniture

should be smooth to touch so that it is more

practical to use and does not create

unnecessary inconvenience to the people.

Rough textures are and they possess

a course surface for vision as well as for

sense of touch. Materials with rough

textures can be used for the exterior of

buildings and objects for decoration

purposes.

✔ Natural and Artificial Texture

Natural textures are those which have been

derived directly from nature. For example –

the different patterns of woods and stones

(such as marble and granite) are the various

textures present in the nature itself. These

textures are usually rough but they are smoothened through various processes to make their

desired use in the buildings.

Artificial Textures are those which are factory made

and their patterns and roughness are designed by man. For

example – plastic items, mica, glass, deco, etc. have man-made textures.

✔ Visual and Physical and only Visual Textures

Visual & Physical Textures are those which

are rough to touch as well as to look at.

These are generally derived from nature and

their natural texture is maintained as such.

Only Visual Textures are those which

are rough to look at but have a smooth

feeling to touch. Such appearance to the

material is given by polishing, varnishing and

other processes.

b. Bedroom Renovation

To add more depth in the proposal of the bedroom, the designer decided to use

smooth texture for the base walls, then natural textures on small parts of the bedroom to

accentuate the bedroom and have its simple look at the same time.
 VII. Concept of Pattern

a. Definition

Pattern in architecture is the idea of capturing architectural design ideas as

archetypal and reusable descriptions. The term pattern in this context is usually attributed to

Christopher Alexander, an Austrian born American architect. The patterns serve as an aid to

design cities and buildings. The concept of having collections of "patterns", or typical

samples as such, is much older. One can think of these collections as forming a pattern

language, whereas the elements of this language may be combined, governed by certain

rules.

Architectural Pattern.

An Architectural Pattern is a named collection of architectural design decisions that

are applicable to a recurring design problem parameterized to account for different software

development contexts in which that problem appears.

Architectural Style.

An Architectural Style is a named collection of architectural design decisions that are

applicable in a given development context, constrain architectural design decisions that are
specific to a particular system within that context, and elicit beneficial qualities in each

resulting system.

b. Bedroom Renovation

The designer decided to use the minimalistic pattern for the bedroom as per the

client’s decision.

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