MERS-CoV
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus
Presented By: Group 1
Content
Outline
Topics for discussion
01 Definition of MERS-CoV
02 Etiolog, How it developed
03 Pathophysiology
04 Medical Management
05 Collaborative Management
06 Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions
WHAT IS MERS-Cov?
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome- Coronavirus
Corona Virus
Enveloped virus with a positive-sense RNA genome and nucleo-capsid of
helical symmetry.
Derived from latin word corona, meaning crown.
Primarily infects the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of mammals
and birds.
Causes significant percentage of common colds in adults.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
First detected last April 2012 and Health officials first reported the disease in
Saudi Arabia last September 2012 - So far, all cases have been linked to
countries near the Arabian Peninsula.
3-4 out of 10 patients with MERS have died, and can affect anyone ranging
from 1 year old to 99 years old.
Presented By: Ck Marfori
What are the cause of MERS-CoV?
How it developed?
Source of the Virus Clinical Presentation
Zoonotic virus that has been transmitted from Severe acute
animals to humans.
respiratory illness
Believed to be originated from bats then
transmitted to camels Fever
Cough
Transmission (animal to human) Shortness of breath
Humans believed to be infected due to direct or Gastrointestinal
indirect contact with infected dromedary camels symptoms (diarrhea,
in the Middle East. nausea/vomiting)
Strains have bee identified in camels from several
Pneumonia
countries, including Egypt, Oman, Qatar, and
Saudi Arabia. Kidney failure
No clear answer how the transmission begun. Majority affects people
with comorbidity or
Transmission (human to human) weakened immune
Close contact to the infected person from systems
droplet transmission is the investigated
suspected route.
Presented By: Zarah Manlapaz
PATHOGENESIS
MERS-CoV
Presented By: Don Christian Denver Panti
RISK FACTOR
Exposure to MERS-CoV (+) individuals
Contact with MERS-CoV infected camels, camel nasal
secretion, milk, urine, feces, meat, or birthing product.
Inhalation of virus from MERS- Ingestion of virus from MERS-
CoV infected individual CoV infected products.
Binding of virus to receptor cell found in
liver, intestines, & kidney tissues
S protein bounds to cell surface receptor Bounds to receptor DPP4 on host cell via
DPP4 on host cell via endosomal endocytosis in a cathepsin L-denendent
membrane transfusion manner
Potent Interferon Antagonist (M, ORF 4b, & ORF
5) suppress IN antiviral activity and production
Suppressed induction of cvtokines in human lung
cell lines
Replication of MERS-CoV in macrophages and
mDCs
Viral antigen expression and RNA increases. Increase in IFN-11,
CXCL10, and MXA in both macrophages and dendritic cells.
CD8+ T cells depletion leads to compromised lung
function and depletion of macrophages. Results in
aggravated virus activity in host cells
Decreased immune system capability resulting to lung
infection such as pneumonia
Medical
Management
Agents which can be used:
Convalescent plasma therapy
Corticosteroids (Hydrocortisone/Dexamethasone)
Supportive care may include:
Oxygen therapy
Intravenous fluids
Acetaminophen
Presented By: Jessa Rosende
Recommended
Precautionary Measures 1. No vaccine or specific treatment is
currently available.
2. Treatment is supportive and based on the
patient’s clinical condition.
3. Minimize Chance for Exposures.
4. Ensure Adherence to Standard, Contact
and Airborne Precautions.
5. Manage Visitor Access and Movement
Within the Facility.
6. Implement Engineering Controls
7. Monitor and Manage Ill and Exposed
Healthcare Personnel.
8. Train and Educate Healthcare Personnel.
9. Implement Environmental Infection
Control
10. Establish Reporting within Hospitals and
to Public Health Authorities.
Presented By: Josephine Asuncion
Nursing Diagnosis
Infection related to failure to
avoid pathogen secondary to
exposure to MERS-CoV.
Deficient knowledge related to Ineffective airway clearance
unfamiliarity with disease related to excessive production
transmission information of pulmonary secretions.
Hyperthermia related to Anxiety related to unknown
increase in metabolic rate. etiology of the disease.
Presented By: Niel Quincy Reomales
Nursing
Interventions
Reduce anxiety.
Monitor Vital Signs.
Ensure patent airway.
Presented By: Niel Quincy Reomales
Nursing
Interventions
Educate the patient and folks.
Reduce increase in temperature.
Administer Antiviral drug as ordered.
Presented By: Niel Quincy Reomales
RESOURCES
used:
https://www.who.int/health-topics/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-
mers#tab=tab_3
https://www.slideshare.net/drgauravkamboj/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-
mers-cov
Akanksha Singh, B. (2022). COVID-19 and Corticosteroids. Retrieved 7 December
2022, from https://www.news-medical.net/health/COVID-19-and-
Corticosteroids.aspx
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) | Cedars-Sinai. (2022). Retrieved 7
December 2022, from https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-
conditions/m/middle-east-respiratory- syndrome-mers.html
Alnuqaydan, A. M., Almutary, A. G., Sukamaran, A., Yang, B. T. W., Lee, X. T., Lim, W. X.,
Ng, Y. M., Ibrahim, R., Darmarajan, T., Nanjappan, S., Chellian, J., Candasamy, M.,
Madheswaran, T., Sharma, A., Dureja, H., Prasher, P., Verma, N., Kumar, D.,
Palaniveloo, K., & Bisht, D. (2021). Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Virus—
Pathophysiological Axis and the Current Treatment Strategies. AAPS PharmSciTech,
22(5). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-021-02062-2
Belleza, M. (2020, April 27). Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-
CoV). Nurseslabs. https://nurseslabs.com/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome-mers-
cov/#pharmacologic_management
Kain, T., Lindsay, P. J., Adhikari, N. K. J., Arabi, Y. M., Kerkhove, M. D. V., & Fowler, R. A.
(n.d.). Pharmacologic Treatments and Supportive Care for Middle East Respiratory
Syndrome - Volume 26, Number 6—June 2020 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal
- CDC. Wwwnc.cdc.gov. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2606.200037
QUIZ
TIME!
MERS-CoV
01
stands for?
What’s more important
02 for preventing infection?
Frequent Hand Washing
OR
Wearing a face mask
03 What’s a safe distance
to stay apart from
someone who’s sick?
At least 1 foot (30cm)
OR
At least 3 feet (1 meter)
0
4 What is the term
used to describe
the origin of
MERS-CoV?
05-
06.
Timeline of current
outbreak?
07-
09.
What are the
species involved
with MERS-CoV?
MERS-CoV
10
. primarily infects
which system of
the human body?
Give 5 clinical
11-
15. manifestations of
MERS-CoV.
MERS-CoV
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus
Presented By: Group 1
