ACNT232 – Routing and Switching
Assignment #3 RESEARCH (25 points)
What is the difference of static and dynamic routing
protocols?
Do extensive research compared all of them
What? | How it works? | Need & use and give examples
Instructions:
Each research paper should include the following pages:
1) cover page has
Research title
Subject name and ID
Student names and ID
Name of instructor
2) Outlines page
3) Introduction
4) Research Body (main topic)
5) Conclusion
6) References
You can incorporate the assignment with a group of four students (max)
No more than 10 pages for each research
use images and tables for better illustration
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of routing protocols is to enable end-to-end network layer connectivity
between endpoints. There is always a forward and reverse path selected between
endpoints for each session. The routing table is comprised of multiple routes to
different destination subnets that are learned from different route sources. The
route source can be classified as either connected, static, default, or dynamic. The
distinction is in how the local router learns of the route. For example, dynamic and
connected routes are automatically learned, while static and default routes are
manually configured.
Difference of static and dynamic routing protocols:
static routing:
Static routing, also known as nonadaptive routing, is used by network managers
to specify a route when there is only one or a single preferred route for traffic to
take to reach a target. For each destination, there is just one record in the small
routing tables used for static routing. Furthermore, because each route is
predefined, it requires less computing time than dynamic routing.
Administrators must manually adjust static routes in order to make them
responsive to network changes because they are predefined. Networks whose
administrators don't anticipate any changes typically employ static routes.
dynamic routing:
Dynamic routing, also known as adaptive routing, is more sophisticated than
static routing since it generates more potential paths for sending packets across
a network. Static routes would be difficult to maintain and regularly
reconfigure in bigger, fluid networks, where dynamic routes are typically used.
Static routing uses less bandwidth than dynamic routing since dynamic routing
is more complex.
The best path for traffic to take through the network is determined using
algorithms that compute numerous potential paths. Link state protocols and
distance vector protocols are the two sorts of sophisticated algorithms used.
The router builds a routing table that has an entry for each potential destination
of a network, collection of networks, or particular subnet using both the
distance vector and link status protocols. Each entry defines the network
connection to use in order to send a packet that has been received.
Distance vector protocols
When using a distance vector protocol -- such as Routing Information Protocol
(RIP) or Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) -- each routing table entry
specifies the number of hops to each destination. The router sends its routing
table to each directly connected router and receives the tables of the other
routers in return. Routers using distance vector protocols periodically exchange
their routing tables with neighboring routers.
Distance vector protocols have their advantages and disadvantages. Routers
that use distance vector protocols periodically send out their entire routing
tables, which produces a significant load when used in a large network and
could create a security risk if the network became compromised. Because
distance vector protocols determine routes based on hop count, they can choose
a slow link over a high data rate link when the hop count is lower.
Link state protocols
Link state protocols -- such as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and
Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) -- determine routes by
exchanging a link state packet (LSP) with each neighboring router. Each router
constructs an LSP that contains its preconfigured identifier along with
information about connected networks and subnets. The router then sends the
LSP to nearby routers. Received LSPs contain additional information about
paths to other networks and link data rates. Routers combine this information
with previously known information and store it in their routing tables.
Like distance vector protocols, link state protocols have their benefits and
drawbacks. One benefit of link state protocols is they send out updates only
when there is a change in the network, in contrast to the constant load distance
vector protocols place on the network. Link state protocols can also recover
more quickly and redetermine a route when a link or router malfunctions. But
these protocols are more complicated and more difficult to configure and
maintain.
Static vs. dynamic routing: Key differences
Below is an overview of some of the main differences between static routing
and dynamic routing.
Static routing uses a single preconfigured route to send traffic to its destination, while dynamic
routing provides multiple available routes to the destination.
1. Path selection
Static routing uses a single preconfigured route to send traffic to its destination,
while dynamic routing provides multiple available routes to the destination.
2. Ability to update routes
Network administrators must manually reconfigure static routes in order to
adjust routes. Dynamic routing uses algorithms to automatically update with
the preferred route change.
3. Routing tables
Static routing has a smaller routing table with only one entry for each
destination, while dynamic routing requires routers to send out their entire
routing tables to identify route availability.
4. Use of protocols and algorithms
Static routing doesn't use protocols or complex routing algorithms. Dynamic
routing uses distance vector protocols, such as RIP and IGRP, and link state
protocols, such as OSPF and IS-IS, to adjust routes.
5. Computation and bandwidth requirements
Static routing requires less compute power and bandwidth, as it only has one
preconfigured route. Dynamic routing requires more computation and
bandwidth to generate multiple route possibilities.
6. Security
Static routing is more secure because it doesn't share routes across the
entire network. Dynamic routing creates more security risks because it
shares complete routing tables across the network.
7. Use cases
Static routing is best used in smaller networks with fewer routers and is
ideal for networks with unchanging network architecture. Dynamic
routing is well suited for larger, more complex networks that have
multiple routers, and its flexibility makes it ideal for network
architectures that frequently change.
Good Luck
