EUROPEAN CLIMATE ASSESSMENT & DATASET (ECA&D), file created on 08-02-2023

THESE DATA CAN BE USED FREELY PROVIDED THAT THE FOLLOWING SOURCE IS ACKNOWLEDGED:

Klein Tank, A.M.G. and Coauthors, 2002. Daily dataset of 20th-century surface
air temperature and precipitation series for the European Climate Assessment.
Int. J. of Climatol., 22, 1441-1453.
Data and metadata available at http://www.ecad.eu

FILE FORMAT:

01- 05 ELEID: Element identifier

07- 156 DESC: Description
158- 172 UNIT: Unit

ELEID,DESC
,UNIT

TX1,Maximum temperature unknown interval

,0.1 °C
TX2,Maximum temperature 18-18 UT
,0.1 °C
TX3,Maximum temperature 0-0 UT
,0.1 °C
TX5,Maximum temperature morning previous day 06,07,08 until morning today
(shifted 1 day back by ECA
staff) ,0.1 °C
TX6,Maximum temperature morning today 06,07,08 until morning next day
,0.1 °C
TX7,Maximum temperature between 06 and 18 UT today
,0.1 °C
TX8,Maximum temperature 21-21 CET
,0.1 °C
TX9,Maximum temperature morning previous day 09 h GMT until morning today
(shifted 1 day back by ECA
staff) ,0.1 °C
TX10,Maximum temperature from 21:30 previous day until 21:30 CET
,0.1 °C
TX11,Maximum temperature morning today 9 UTC until morning next day
,0.1 °C
TX12,Maximum temperature 19-19 UTC
,0.1 °C
TX13,Maximum temperature within 00-24, 12-12 or 06-06
,0.1 °C
TX14,Maximum temperature 0-0 LT based on hourly intervals
,0.1 °C
TX15,Maximum temperature 17-17 CET
,0.1 °C
TX16,Maximum temperature 22-22 or 23-23 UT
,0.1 °C
TX17,Maximum temperature 18-18 CET
,0.1 °C
TX18,Maximum temperature 15-15 UTC
,0.1 °C
TX19,Maximum temperature 22-21 UT
,0.1 °C
TX20,Maximum temperature 19-19 CET
,0.1 °C
TX21,Maximum temperature 0-0 UT aggregated from 96 15 min. values
,0.1 °C
 TN1,Minimum temperature unknown interval
,0.1 °C
TN2,Minimum temperature 18-18 UT
,0.1 °C
TN3,Minimum temperature 0-0 UT
,0.1 °C
TN5,Minimum temperature morning previous day 06,07,08 until morning day
,0.1 °C
TN6,Minimum temperature between 18 UT previous day and 06 UT today
,0.1 °C
TN8,Minimum temperature 21-21 CET
,0.1 °C
TN9,Minimum temperature morning previous day 09 h GMT until morning today
,0.1 °C
TN10,Minimum temperature from 21:30 previous day until 21:30 CET
,0.1 °C
TN11,Minimum temperature 19-19 UTC
,0.1 °C
TN12,Minimum temperature within 00-24, 12-12 or 18-18
,0.1 °C
TN13,Minimum temperature 0-0 LT based on hourly intervals
,0.1 °C
TN14,Minimum temperature 17-17 CET
,0.1 °C
TN15,Minimum temperature 22-22 or 23-23 UT
,0.1 °C
TN16,Minimum temperature 15-15 UTC
,0.1 °C
TN17,Minimum temperature 22-21 UT
,0.1 °C
TN18,Minimum temperature 19-19 CET
,0.1 °C
TN19,Minimum temperature 0-0 UT aggregated from 96 15 min. values
,0.1 °C
TG1,Mean temperature unknown interval
,0.1 °C
TG3,Mean temperature 0-0 UT
,0.1 °C
TG5,Mean temperature calculated as average of TN and TX
,0.1 °C
TG6,Mean temperature calculated as weighted average of TN, TX and observations at
06, 12 and 18 UT (5 values) ,0.1
°C
TG7,Mean temperature calculated as average of 3 or more observations each day
,0.1 °C
TG8,Mean temperature calculated as weighted average of 06, 13 and 20 (twice) UTC
,0.1 °C
TG9,Mean temperature 06-06 UTC
,0.1 °C
TG10,Mean temperature calculated as weighted average of 07:30, 14:30 and 21:30
(twice) CET ,0.1
°C
TG11,Mean temperature 18-18 UT
,0.1 °C
TG12,Mean temperature calculated as average of 00, 06, 12, 18 UTC
,0.1 °C
TG13,Mean temperature calculated as average of 01, 07, 13 and 19 UT
,0.1 °C
TG14,Mean temperature calculated as average of 07, 14, 21, 21 CET
,0.1 °C
TG15,Mean temperature calculated as average of 8 observations
,0.1 °C
TG16,Mean temperature calculated as average of 07, 14, 21 CET
,0.1 °C
TG17,Mean temperature calculated as average of 09 LT, 21 LT, Tmax and Tmin
,0.1 °C
TG18,Mean temperature calculated as average of 08 LT, 19 LT, Tmax and Tmin
,0.1 °C
TG19,Mean temperature calculated as average of 21, 03, 09 and 15UTC
,0.1 °C
TG20,Mean temperature calculated as average of 18, 21, 00, 03, 06, 09, 12 and
15UTC ,0.1
°C
TG21,Mean temperature calculated as average of 24 hourly values (0 - 0 UTC)
,0.1 °C
TG22,Mean temperature calculated as average of 24 hourly values 23-22 UT
,0.1 °C
TG23,Mean temperature 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer time)
,0.1 °C
TG24,Mean temperature 0-0 UT average from 96 15 min. values
,0.1 °C
SS1,Daily sunshine
,0.1 Hours
SS2,Daily sunshine, unknown interval
,0.1 Hours
SS3,Daily sunshine, 0-0 UT
,0.1 Hours
SS4,Daily sunshine 18-18 UT
,0.1 Hours
SS5,Daily sunshine 21-21 CET
,0.1 Hours
SS6,Daily sunshine 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer time)
,0.1 Hours
SD1,Mean daily snow depth, 0-0 UT
,1 cm
SD2,Mean daily snow depth, unknown interval
,1 cm
SD3,Snow depth at 6,7,8 am (local time)
,1 cm
SD4,Snow depth at 07:30 CET
,1 cm
SD5,Snow depth at 6 UTC
,1 cm
SD6,Snow depth at 12 UTC
,1 cm
SD7,Snow depth at 05:40 UTC
,1 cm
SD8,Snow depth at 9 UTC
,1 cm
SD9,Mean daily snow depth, 22 UT-21 UT (24 values)
,1 cm
SD10,Snow depth at 07:00 CET
,1 cm
SD11,Mean snow depth 6 - 6 UTC next day
,1 cm
RR1,Precipitation amount unknown interval
,0.1 mm
RR2,Precipitation amount morning previous day 06,07,08,09 until morning today
(shifted 1 day back by ECA staff) ,0.1 mm

RR3,Precipitation amount morning today 06,07,08 until morning next day

,0.1 mm
RR4,Sum of 12-hourly precipitation of observations at 06 and 18 UT (2 values).
Date of 18 UT ,0.1 mm

RR5,Precipitation amount morning today 07:30 CET until morning next day
,0.1 mm
RR6,Precipitation amount 18-18 UT (sum of 4 values)
,0.1 mm
RR7,Precipitation amount 0 - 0 UT
,0.1 mm
RR8,Sum of 12-hourly precipitation of observations at 18 UT today and 6 UT
tomorrow (2 values) ,0.1
mm
RR9,Precipitation amount morning today 06:00 UTC until morning next day
,0.1 mm
RR10,Precipitation amount within 00-24, 07-07 or 08-08
,0.1 mm
RR11,Precipitation amount morning today 05:40 UTC until morning following day
,0.1 mm
RR12,Precipitation amount 12 UT yesterday until 12 UT today
,0.1 mm
RR13,Precipitation amount 22-22 or 23-23 UT
,0.1 mm
RR14,Precipitation amount 18 UT yesterday until 18 UT today
,0.1 mm
RR15,Precipitation amount 21 UT yesterday until 21 UT today
,0.1 mm
RR16,Precipitation amount 15 UTC yesterday until 15 UTC today
,0.1 mm
RR17,Precipitation amount from 24 hourly values, 22-21 UT
,0.1 mm
RR18,Precipitation amount morning today 07:00 CET until morning next day
,0.1 mm
RR19,Precipitation amount 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer
time) ,0.1
mm
RR20,Precipitation amount from 12:00 pm to 12:00 pm next day in UTC
,0.1 mm
RR21,Precipitation 0 - 0 UT sum from 96 15 min. values
,0.1 mm
RHX3,Maximum hourly precipitation, 0-0 UT
,0.1 mm
RHX1,Maximum hourly precipitation morning today 06,07,08 until morning next day
,0.1 mm
RHX2,Maximum hourly precipitation 0-0 UTC
,0.1 mm
RHX3,Maximum hourly precipitation 0 - 0 UT
,0.1 mm
QQ2,Global radiation amount 0 - 0 UTC
,W/m2
QQ3,Mean of 24 hourly global radiation measurements
,W/m2
QQ4,Mean of 1440 one-minute global radiation measurements
,W/m2
QQ5,24-hour average of global radiation
,W/m2
 QQ1,Global radiation amount 0 - 0 UTC
,W/m2
QQ6,Global radiation amount 0 - 0 UTC derived from sunshine duration
,W/m2
QQ7,Mean global radiation 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer
time) ,W/m2

PP1,Sea level pressure at 12 UT

,0.1 hPa
PP2,Mean sea level pressure, 0-0 UT
,0.1 hPa
PP3,Mean sea level pressure calculated as weighted average of observations at 00,
06, 12 and 18 UT (4 values) ,0.1 hPa

PP4,Sea level pressure at 06 UT

,0.1 hPa
PP5,Sea level pressure, mean of 13, 20 UT previous day and 7 UT current day
(shifted 1 day back by ECA staff) ,0.1
hPa
PP7,Mean sea level pressure calculated as weighted average of observations at 00,
07, 13 and 18 UT (4 values) ,0.1 hPa

PP8,Mean sea level pressure unknown interval

,0.1 hPa
PP9,Sea level pressure, mean of 06, 13 and 20 UTC of the current day
,0.1 hPa
PP10,Sea level pressure, mean of 7:30, 14:30 and 21:30 CET
,0.1 hPa
PP11,Sea level pressure, mean 18-18 UT
,0.1 hPa
PP12,Sea level pressure, mean of 8:00 and 13:00 local time
,0.1 hPa
PP13,Mean sea level pressure, 21-21 UTC (8 values)
,0.1 hPa
PP14,Mean sea level pressure, 23-22 UTC (24 values)
,0.1 hPa
PP15,Mean sea level pressure, mean of 7, 13, 20 UT current day
,0.1 hPa
PP16,Mean sea level pressure, mean of daily minimum and maximum pressure
,0.1 hPa
PP17,Mean sea level pressure, average of 7, 14 and 19 UT
,0.1 hPa
PP18,Mean sea level pressure, average of 6, 12 and 18 UT
,0.1 hPa
PP19,Mean sea level pressure calculated as average of 8 observations
,0.1 hPa
PP20,Mean sea level pressure, mean of 7, 14, 21 UT current day
,0.1 hPa
PP21,Mean sea level pressure calculated as average of observations at 07, 13 and
18 UT (3 values) ,0.1 hPa

PP22,Sea level pressure at 9 AM LT

,0.1 hPa
PP23,Mean sea level pressure, 0-0 UTC (8 values)
,0.1 hPa
PP24,Mean sea level pressure, mean of 9, 15, 21 LT
,0.1 hPa
PP25,Mean sea level pressure, mean of 8, 14, 19 LT
,0.1 hPa
 PP26,Mean sea level pressure, mean of 21, 03, 09 and 15UTC
,0.1 hPa
PP27,Mean sea level pressure, mean of 18, 21, 00, 03, 06, 09, 12 and 15UTC
,0.1 hPa
PP28,Mean sea level pressure, average of 7, 14 and 19 CET
,0.1 hPa
PP29,Mean sea level pressure 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer
time) ,0.1 hPa

PP30,Mean sea level pressure 0 - 0 UT average from 96 15 min. values

,0.1 hPa
IWV1,Integrated Water Vapour daily mean
,0.01 kg/m2
HU1,Relative humidity, mean of 0,7,13 18 UT current day
,1 %
HU2,Relative humidity, unknown interval
,1 %
HU3,Mean relative humidity, 0-0 UT
,1 %
HU4,Relative humidity, average of 07:30, 14:30 and 21:30 CET
,1 %
HU5,Relative humidity, mean of 7, 14 and 21 UTC
,1 %
HU6,Relative humidity, mean 18-18 UT
,1 %
HU7,Relative humidity, mean of 7, 14 and 21 CET
,1 %
HU8,Relative humidity, 23-22 UTC (24 values)
,1 %
HU9,Relative humidity, mean of 7, 14 and 19 UT
,1 %
HU10,Relative humidity at 9.00 AM
,1 %
HU11,Relative humidity at 21.00
,1 %
HU12,Relative humidity at 9 AM LT calculated from dewpoint and air temperature
,1 %
HU13,Mean relative humidity, 0-0 UTC (8 values)
,1 %
HU14,Relative humidity, mean of 9, 15, 21 LT
,1 %
HU15,Relative humidity, mean of 8, 14, 19 LT
,1 %
HU16,Relative humidity, mean of 21, 03, 09 and 15UTC
,1 %
HU17,Relative humidity, mean of 18, 21, 00, 03, 06, 09, 12 and 15UTC
,1 %
HU18,Relative humidity, mean of 7, 14 and 19 CET
,1 %
HU19,Mean relative humidity 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer
time) ,1 %

HU20,Mean relative humidity 0 - 0 UT average from 96 15 min. values

,1 %
FX1,Maximum 3 second wind gust, 0-0 UT
,0.1 m/s
FX2,Maximum 2 second wind gust, 0-0 UT
,0.1 m/s
FX3,Maximum 10 second wind gust, 18-18 UT
,0.1 m/s
FX4,Maximum value of wind gust speeds 18 - 18 UT
,0.1 m/s
FX5,Maximum 3 second wind gust, 18-18 UT
,0.1 m/s
FX6,Average wind gust from 23 UT previous day - 22 UT today (24 values)
,0.1 m/s
FX7,Maximum value of 15-min wind speed measurements, 0-0 LT
,0.1 m/s
FX8,Maximum 3 second wind gust, 9-9 LT
,0.1 m/s
FX9,Maximum 3 second wind gust, 15-15 UTC
,0.1 m/s
FX10,Maximum wind gust 22 UT - 21 UT
,0.1 m/s
FX11,Maximum wind gust 0-0 CET
,0.1 m/s
FX12,Maximum 3 second wind gust 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and
summer time) ,0.1
m/s
FX13,Maximum value of 15-min wind speed measurements, 0-0 UT
,0.1 m/s
FG1,Average wind speed of 24 hourly measurements of 10-min average (0-0 UT)
,0.1 m/s
FG2,Average wind speed of measurements at 06, 12, 18, (00) UTC
,0.1 m/s
FG3,Average wind speed of 3 measurements at 06.30, 13.30 and 20.30 UTC
,0.1 m/s
FG4,Average wind speed, mean of 7, 14 and 21 CET
,0.1 m/s
FG5,Average wind speed 18 - 18 UT, 8 3-hourly observations
,0.1 m/s
FG6,Average wind speed, mean of 4 10-min averages of 00, 07, 13 and 18 UT
,0.1 m/s
FG7,Average wind speed of 24 hourly measurements (6 10-min average per hour) 0-0
UT ,0.1 m/s

FG8,Average 10-minute wind speed from 23 UT previous day - 22 UT today (24

values) ,0.1
m/s
FG9,Average from 07h to 07h through a mechanical counter
,0.1 m/s
FG10,Average wind speed of 24 hourly measurements of 15-min average (0-0 LT)
,0.1 m/s
FG11,wind speed at 9 AM LT
,0.1 m/s
FG12,Average wind speed of 8 measurements of 10-min average (0-0 UT)
,0.1 m/s
FG13,Average wind speed, mean of 9, 15 and 21 LT
,0.1 m/s
FG14,Average wind speed, mean of 8, 14 and 19 LT
,0.1 m/s
FG15,Average wind speed of measurements at 21, 03, 09 and 15UTC
,0.1 m/s
FG16,Average wind speed of measurements at 18, 21, 00, 03, 06, 09, 12 and 15UTC
,0.1 m/s
FG17,Average wind speed unknown interval
,0.1 m/s
FG18,Average wind speed, mean of 7, 14 and 19 CET
,0.1 m/s
FG19,Average wind speed 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer time)
,0.1 m/s
FG20,Average wind speed 0 - 0 UT average from 96 15 min. values
,0.1 m/s
DD1,Average vectorial wind direction calculated from 3 measurements at 06, 12 and
18 UTC. ,degrees

DD2,Wind direction at time of maximum gust

,degrees
DD3,Average vectorial wind-speed-weighted wind direction calculated from 3
measurements at 06.30, 13.30 and 20.30
UTC ,degrees
DD4,Wind direction at 12 UTC
,degrees
DD5,Average wind direction, mean of 00, 07, 13 and 18UT
,degrees
DD6,Average vectorial 10-minutes wind direction, 0 - 0 UTC
,degrees
DD7,Average vectorial 2-minute wind direction from 23 UT previous day - 22 UT
today (24
values) ,degrees
DD8,Wind direction at 14 LT
,degrees
DD9,Wind direction at 9 AM LT
,degrees
DD10,Wind direction at 15 LT
,degrees
DD11,Mean wind direction 0 - 0 local time (with changes to winter and summer time)
,degrees
DD12,Mean wind direction 0 - 0 UT
,degrees
CC1,Mean daily cloud cover, 0-0 UT
,oktas
CC2,Mean daily cloud cover, mean of 7, 13, 18 UT current day
,oktas
CC3,Mean daily cloud cover, unknown interval
,oktas
CC4,Mean daily cloud cover, mean of 7, 13, 20 UT current day
,oktas
CC5,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 07:30, 14:30 and 21:30 CET
,oktas
CC6,Mean daily cloud cover, mean of 7, 14 and 21 UTC
,oktas
CC7,Mean daily cloud cover, 18-18 UT
,oktas
CC8,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 00, 13 and 18 UT
,oktas
CC9,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 0, 6, 12 and 18 UTC
,oktas
CC10,Mean daily cloud cover, 23-23 UTC (24 values)
,oktas
CC11,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 3-hourly values, 0-0 UTC
,oktas
CC12,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 7, 14 and 19 UT
,oktas
CC13,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 6, 12 and 18 UTC
,oktas
CC14,Mean daily cloud cover, mean of 7, 14, 21 CET
,oktas
CC15,Mean daily cloud cover, mean of 8, 14 CET
,oktas
CC16,Mean daily cloud cover, mean of 9, 15 CET
,oktas
CC17,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24 UT
,oktas
CC18,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 9, 15, 21 LT
,oktas
CC19,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 8, 14, 19 LT
,oktas
CC20,Cloud cover measured at 9 AM LT
,oktas
CC21,Mean daily cloud cover, 00-21 LT (8 values)
,oktas
CC22,Mean daily cloud cover, 21 UT-18 UT (8 values)
,oktas
CC23,Mean daily cloud cover, average of 7, 14 and 19 CET
,oktas