Vince Hawlence P.
Santiago
2 – BSA 5
Total Quality Management – Assignment 1
Define quality using different perspectives.
According to Merriam Dictionary, quality is the standard of something as measured
against other things of a similar kind; the degree of excellence of something. There are different
perspectives to define quality.
The first is the viewpoints of the employees. Employees consider quality as the
advantages they receive from their employer, whereas from the standpoint of the organization, it
is defined as the degree of customer satisfaction. It comprises long-term profitability, dominating
the market, meeting requirements, improving client satisfaction, being cost-effective, and
dependability. Additionally, from the customer’s perspective, quality is defined as their level of
satisfaction with the business. One instance of it is when a consumer is pleased with the service
or item that a business provides. In addition, quality is seen from the supplier's perspective as the
standard of the given items and necessary requirements. The society's perspective on quality,
which emphasizes social advantages of organization, is the last one.
History of quality management
Quality in the Medieval Guilds of Europe
- In the late 13th century, artisans started to unite into unions known as guilds. These guilds were
in charge of creating stringent guidelines for the caliber of goods and services. Inspection
committees used distinctive marks or symbols to identify perfect items in order to enforce the
regulations.
Quality in the Industrial Revolution
Craftmanship
- In the early 19th century, the United States followed the craftmanship model used by the
European countries. Each craftsman had a great deal at risk in satisfying clients' demands
for quality because most of them marketed their products locally.
The Factory System
- In this era, craftsmen’s trade began to divide into specialized task. Craftsmen were forced
to become factory workers, and shop owners were compelled to become production
managers this set-up resulted an initial decline in employees’ sense of empowerment and
autonomy in the workplace.
The Taylor System
- The United States adopted a new management approached developed by Frederick W.
Taylor. This approach’s goal was to increase the productivity without increasing the
number of skilled craftsmen. Despite having positive effect in productivity, Frederick
approach had a negative effect on quality.
Quality in World War II
- During this period, quality became an important safety issue. This period focuses on
safety by inspecting every unit produced to ensure that it was safe for operation. The
armed forces switched from unit-by-unit inspection to sample inspection to alleviate the
issues without jeopardizing product safety.
Quality in the Early 20th Century
- According to AQS, The beginning of the 20th century marked the inclusion of
"processes" in quality practices. A collection of actions that take an input, add value to it,
and produce an output is referred to as a "process."
The History of Total Quality in America
- In this period, price competition declined while quality competition continue to increase.
Total Quality Management (TQM) which placed an emphasis on approaches that covered
the entire organization as well as data (TQM).
Beyond Total Quality Management
- The quality movement has advanced as the twenty-first century gets underway. Beyond
the foundations set by Deming, Juran, and the first Japanese quality practitioners, new
quality systems have emerged.
Explain how quality and competitive advantage are related.
A competitive advantage is a condition or circumstance that places a company in a better
or more advantageous business position. There are six distinct quality perspectives: transcendent
perspective, product perspective, value perspective, user perspective, manufacturing perspective,
and satisfaction perspective. If a company achieves any of these perspectives, it means that their
product or service is of high quality, which can give them a competitive advantage over other
companies. We are all aware that businesses develop strategies to earn above-average profits. To
do so, their product or service must have appealing qualities to consumers. Quality is required to
attract customers and gain a competitive advantage.
How personal values impact quality.
According to Psysiopedia, personal values are broad desirable goals that motivate
people’s actions and serve as guiding principles in their lives. Personal values impact quality in
terms of having a greater sense of purpose. Quality involves personal preferences and
capabilities, with this the quality of a certain things depends on people’s personal values.
References:
https://www.qualitygurus.com/what-is-quality-different-perspectives/
https://asq.org/quality-resources/history-of-quality
