COLLEGE OF ST.

JOHN - ROXAS
Presented to the Senior High School Department

A.Y 2022 - 2023

Happy Ride: An application for Convenient Commute Experience

Athasia Albaladejo
Jemwel Bengaura
Rose Ann Cel Maquiraya
Ron Damien Solis
Researchers

Robert Lee Demandante

College of St. John - Roxas

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

In our rapidly changing world, digitization is one of the most significant changes.

Technological advances and digital innovations are catalysts for growth and leave their

mark everywhere. International Trade Administration (2022) states that about 44 million

Filipinos have smartphones, and according to media reports, they spend 144 minutes per

day on social media sites during their daily average online time of 10 hours. Working

from home, virtual learning, and other computer-based work are significant contributors,

as well as long and complex commutes

Commuting plays a significant part in ones everyday life. As billions of people

commute to and from a certain destination everyday. As according to Kumari et al.

(2010) and Rehrl et al. (2007) every day, people must go to work, children must attend

school, and products must reach the other end of the supply chain. However, as the

world's population continues to grow, transportation networks become increasingly

congested.

According to Novaco & Gonzalez (2009) Commuting places significant strain on

the human mind and body, as well as family relationships. Every day, all of the stressors

take their toll. Each additional minute of travel is associated with an increase in health

problems. Several studies have found that long-distance commuters are more likely than

short-distance commuters to suffer from psychosomatic disorders. Physical symptoms

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include headaches, backaches, digestive issues, and high blood pressure. Sleep

disturbances, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating are all symptoms of mental illness.

Driving commuters have it especially tough—bad weather, traffic jams, and accidents all

contribute to stress

According to a mobility survey conducted in the Philippines in June 2022, 29

percent of respondents reported spending an average of 15 to 29 minutes daily

commuting to work, school, or university. Meanwhile, 26% of respondents said they

commuted for 30 to 59 minutes per day on average. (Statista Research Department

2022). Bissell D. (2015) states that people's behaviors toward others, goals for their work

and personal lives, levels of tolerance and what they can handle, and thought and

emotional patterns all undergo subtle but significant changes as a result of their commute

on everyday basis.

Statement of the Problem/Objectives

This study aimed to develop “Happy Rides: An application for Convenient

Commute Experience" and to establish a system that provides different rides offers for

commuters.

Specifically, it seeks to:

1. Can the application provides list of possible public transportation a

commuter can ride in a specific time?

2. Does it enable the riders to be notify on the commuters location?

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 3. Can the data base show all the schedule of arrival and departure of a

specific public transportation (bus,van, jeep).

4. Can the application be efficient, consider how well the application

provides all the necessary performance in terms of response and

processing time.

5. Can the application function well and provide accurate data.

6. Is the app compatible with various devices and operating systems

a. IOS

b. Android

c. Cellphone

d. Tablet

Hypothesis

The following hypotheses are based on the research problem that are highlighted:

1. Ho: The app cannot provide all the possible public transportation in a certain

time.

2. Ho: The riders cannot be notified on the commuters specific location.

3. Ho: The app cannot show everything that are arriving or departing public

transportation.

4. Ho: The application's would not be efficient and the application cannot provide

the required performance in terms of response and processing time.

5. Ho: The application cannot function well and cannot provide accurate data.

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 6. Ho: The application is not compatible therefore it cannot be installed in ios nor

android as well as in different devices.

Core Design

Figure 1. Core Design of the Study

Scope and Delimitation

This study is limited to help commuters with their commute. This study is limited

by its focus on producing an application. The goal of the study is to analyze, design,

develop, test, and implement an application that can make commuting more convenient

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by giving users quick access to information about the availability of various public

transportation options.

Significance of the study

This study is beneficial to the following:

Commuters. The study would benefit the commuters to have them experience

convenience in commuting. It will enable them to have easy access to different

transportation.

Drivers. They will benefit from this study because they will gain more passengers

and will be able to prepare for a certain number of passengers who will ride.

Future researchers. This study will be a useful resource for other researchers

who want to conduct an in-depth study on developing an application that aids in public

transportation access.

Definition of Terms

To help to better understand the concepts used in this study, the following terms

were conceptually and operationally defined:

Coding- Computer programming languages, developed through a series of

numerical or alphabetic codes, instruct machines to complete specific actions. Computer

coding functions much like a manual. (computer science. Org. 2022)

In this study coding will be used to make the app and the device working.

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 Commuters- According to Cambridge dictionary co a person who regularly

travels between home and work.

In this study it will be the one who will benefit the study as well as part of the

testing process.

GPS- It provides users with positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services.

(GPS. GOV, 2021)

In this study GPS will be use to track the user or the commuters location.

Public Transportation- According to CDC 2018 public transportation include a

variety of transit options such as buses, light rail, and subways. These systems are

available to the general public, may require a fare, and run at scheduled times.

In this study public transportation is the one that will be used to test the app it will

also carry a GPS device.

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter provides the related literature and studies, after a thorough and in –

depth investigation by the researchers. The literature and studies presented in this chapter

discuss many ideas, concepts, generalizations, findings, and also the various

developments associated to the study from the past to the present. This will be used as a

guide for the researchers as they build the project. Furthermore, the information in this

chapter aids in familiarizing elements that are relevant and related to the current study.

Commuting

Commuting is prominent in daily life routines, and its significance impacts

personal, family, and organizational well-being. Understanding the stress-related

dimensions has broader relevance for system development, efficiency, and safety in

transit vehicles, as well as automobiles, because human cognitive, personality, and

performance factors affect vehicle operation. Transportation systems shape the structure

of our communities, and our experiences with them spill over into our personal and

professional lives Gonzalez (2009).

Commuters Choice

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 People choose to use public transportation as it is much cheaper. The choice of a

commuter has been found to be influenced by factors including connectivity or reach,

accessibility to a particular mode of transportation, information, time satisfaction, user

attendance, comfort, security and safety, and environmental impact (Del Castillo and

Benitez, 2012). In addition, it was discovered that the sensitivity to travel expenses was

consistent across all market segments. People who preferred driving were interested in

stress-free, leisurely travel. Additionally, income group played a role; lower income

groups tended compared to those in a higher income group, choose public transportation

(Bajracharya and Shrestha, 2017).

The choice of transport mode is also influenced by gender. Compared to men,

Thai, Malaysian, and Indian women were more likely to favor public transportation

(Satiennam et al., 2011). However, men from Indonesia, Japan, and Taiwan were more

likely to favor driving on their own (Dissanayake et al., 2012). Irish households with a

higher proportion of adults tended to favor using public transportation, like taxis or buses

(Nolan, 2003). Given that the service has improved, older Malaysians preferred public

transportation more than younger people did (Nurdden, 2007). On the other hand,

younger Japanese people are more mobile and tend to favor driving their own cars

(Dissanayake et al., 2012). The availability and accessibility of public transportation were

also important factors for Thai people, and the distance from a mass transit station was

considered important (Wibowo and Chalermpong, 2010). A person's behavioral intention

may also influence their mode of transportation choice (Dissanayake et al., 2012). A

commuter's socio-demographic profile, such as age, gender, personal income, or

occupation, also influences their preference (Vicente and Reis, 2016)

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Commute Problems

In the transportation industry, welfare has traditionally been measured by the

objective effects of the transportation system, such as travel times and costs, crashes, and

environmental degradation. However, the subjective experience of transportation,

including how it contributes to overall happiness, is becoming increasingly popular

(Mokhtarian, 2019). According to Chaterjee et. al. (2019) commuting has objective

consequences for those who do it, such as the expenditure of time, money, and physical

effort, as well as the possibility of injury or pollution exposure.

Public Transportation

According to Kumari et al. (2010) and Rehrl et al. (2007), a good transportation

network is one of the first priorities of any modernized city because today's modern

society requires mobility in all aspects of life. In the Philippines only Metro Manila has

formal public transportation (the Light Rail Transit and Metro Rail Transit), while other

urban areas are served by privately run informal transportation, like the Jeepneys (Asian

Development Bank, 2012). Mayo et. al. (2019) states that  sustainable transportation

system would be difficult to implement in a developing nation with as many

transportation options as the Philippines.

Road transport is by far the most popular subsector, accounting for 98% of

passenger traffic and 58% of cargo traffic in the Philippines Transport System (PTS). The

PTS includes transportation by water, air, and railroad (Torrens, 2015). The Philippines'

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public transportation system is the textbook example of "underdeveloped," according to

an Asian Development Bank (ADB) study from 2012 that outlined the country's major

transportation issues both then and now. Commuting may be the least expensive way to

get where you're going, but it's not the most convenient (Pagkatotohan, J. 2022).

Transportation is dependable when it offers convenient, affordable, and safe

public transportation that is available to all members of society. The type of public

transportation vehicles must be operated in accordance with the road hierarchy, capacity,

and transportation demand that it served because it serves a large number of people. It is

thought that reliable public transportation will cut down on the number of private vehicle

drivers in the transportation industry. As a result, the companies would profit from the

decrease in traffic congestion, fuel waste, and lost time, as well as the positive effects on

the environment and public health (Ab Manaf, L. 2015).

Public Transportation Availability

The public transportation market is currently characterized by a significant

number of on-street rival operators for jeepneys, buses, Asian Utility Vehicles (AUVs),

or tricycles. For more than 900 routes, more than 830 bus franchises and over 43,000

jeepney franchises have been issued in Metro Manila alone, making it nearly impossible

for the government to regulate the public transportation market. This has caused an

inadequate supply of poor quality public transportation services as well as hazardous and

backed-up traffic conditions (Mariano, P. 2021).

Smarthphone Applications

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 Smartphone applications, or "apps," have permeated daily life, according to Smith

(2015). Computer programs known as apps are created to run on a variety of portable

devices, from smartphones to tablets (e.g., Apple iPhone, Samsung Galaxy Tab, Amazon

Kindle Fire). Mobile apps are specifically enhancing static (such as traffic, parking, and

public transit delays) and real-time information in urban transportation (e.g., timetables &

direction). The use of mobile applications and rapid evolution in transportation apps.

Smartphone applications (apps) have recently been pushed from the margins to

the center by technological and social forces. It's crucial for policymakers and

transportation planners to comprehend how transportation apps affect urban mobility

Bhattacharyya et. al. (2016). In a short period of time, Smartphones have replaced

landlines as the norm for mobile telephony, and Internet tablets are currently developing

quickly. These portable devices have sufficient hardware power to run an increasing

number of sophisticated applications Schaaff (2013).

Applications for smartphones are being used more frequently in transportation for

various purposes. Different smartphone navigation apps are available on the market to

assist drivers by showing them where they are currently located and guiding them to their

destination locations using voice instructions in various languages, graphics, and text

(Shaaban, 2019).

Digital Device Usage

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 In the Philippines, 97.2 percent of internet users used mobile phones as a digital

device in the third quarter of 2021. Nearly 97 percent of people in the country connect to

the internet via their smartphones (Statista Research Department, 2022).

Syntesis

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

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 This chapter describes the methods and procedure that the researcher will employ

in the conduct of the study. This section is consists of the Locale of the study, Purpose of

the Study,Respondents of the Study, Research Design, Research Instrument, Data

Gathering Procedures, Data Analysis and Interpretation Procedure

Research Design

The present research aims to make Happy Rides an application for convimient

commute experience that helps in finding available public transportation in a specific

time. The Happy Ride application, which provides a convenient commute experience and

aids in locating readily accessible public transportation at a specific time, was the subject

of this study using the developmental research design. According to Richey, 1994 the

systematic study of designing, developing, and evaluating instructional programs,

processes, and products that must meet certain requirements of internal consistency and

effectiveness has been defined as developmental research, as opposed to simple

instructional development. Design-based research is clearly different from developmental

research. As a result of developing innovative instructional interventions, this research

places a strong emphasis on the study of learning (The Design-Based Research

Collective, 2003). Additionally, it differs from traditional research on media comparison,

instructional psychology, and message design. However, developmental research can

provide a direct response to the numerous demands for prescriptive research that

addresses the urgent requirements of practitioners Richey (1997).

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Materials and Method

In conducting this research the materials that we will use are the following:

Smartphones (Android & IOS), Tablet, Laptop for Coding, GPS tracker module and

ESP2886

Locale of the Study

The research will be conducted in Capiz, a province which is situated in the

Western Visayas region's center.

General Experimental Procedures

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 Figure 2. The general experimental procedure

Data Planning and Gathering

The researchers will prepare the devices that will be used in this study. In

gathering data the researchers will be the ones collecting data for this study.

In order to make the application, the researchers will use the cross platform

software xamarin, maui. net and kotlin and MySQL software for the database. GPS will

also be use in tracking location.

Designing and Coding

The cross platform software xamarin, maui. net and kotlin and MySQL software

for the database.

Codes

- To follow

Operation and Testing

Upon following the creation of the software program, the application will be run

through trial and error testing. Once the application has been tested to make sure it is

operating properly, the study will be ready for review. The testing will be based on

its efficiency, portability, and stability of the application.

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 Figure 3. Procedural Design

Evaluation

The application was evaluated using the ISO/IEC 9126 standard

questionnaire. This model is regarded as a standard for evaluating software quality

because it is valid, reliable, and efficient. This is to determine the application's level

of quality in terms of functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability,

and portability.

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 The following tests has been conducted to determine that the application's

functionalities are accurate.

A. Interface Test

The test evaluates on how effective the usability in the different mobile phone

devices.

0 - Not Running - The prototype is not working properly when used in the different

mobile phone operating systems.

1 - Running - The prototype is working properly when used in the different mobile

phone devices.

B. Stability test

The test evaluates how stable the prototype is in the different mobile phone devices.

0 - Not Stable - The prototype is not stable when used in the different mobile phone

devices.

1 - Stable - The prototype is stable  when used in the different mobile phone devices.

C. Notification Test

The test evaluates on how effective the notification system operates. 

0 - Not Notified - There is no notification displayed reminding the user minutes

before the application closes.

1 - Notified - There is a notification displayed reminding the user minutes before the

application closes.

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