CHAPTER 1 medication at home.

What is the nurse's most

A nurse is instructing a pregnant client appropriate action?
concerning the potential risk to her fetus from a - Provide thorough medication
Pregnancy Category D drug. What should the teaching about drugs and the drug
nurse inform the client? regimen
- “There is evidence of human fetal
risk, but the potential benefits from The nurse has just administered a client's
use of the drug may be acceptable medication. What action should the nurse
despite potential risks.” perform next?
- Assess for drug effects
The nurse is caring for an older adult who
needs to know that drugs, even when taken The client looks at the prescription provided by
correctly, can produce negative or unexpected the doctor and asks the nurse about the
effects. The nurse should address what topic notation “DAW.” What implication of this
during health education? notation should the nurse explain?
- Adverse effects - The pharmacy where the client fills
the prescription will not substitute a
The nurse is assisting with a phase I drug study. generic drug
What potential participant would be most
appropriate? What goal should a nurse set when beginning a
- 22-year-old male with an course on pharmacology for nurses?
unremarkable health history. - At the completion of the course, the
nurse will know general drug
The care provider has prescribed intravenous information because the nurse can
hydromorphone, an opioid, for a client using a consult a drug guide for specific drug
client-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. The information.
nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse
potential. Under what category would A nurse working in radiology administers
hydromorphone be classified? iodine to a client who is having a computed
- Schedule II tomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on
the oncology unit administers chemotherapy
The nurse is preparing to administer a to clients who have cancer. At the Public
medication from a multidose bottle. The label Health Department, a nurse administers a
is torn and soiled but the name of the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine to a
medication is still readable. What is the nurse's 14-month-old child as a routine immunization.
priority action? Which branch of pharmacology best describes
- Discard the entire bottle and contents the actions of all three nurses?
and obtain a new bottle - Pharmacotherapeutics

A nurse is unfamiliar with a drug that a client in

the community has recently been prescribed.
What information source should the nurse The client asks the nurse, “Is it safe to take
consult? over-the-counter (OTC) medications with
- A nurse’s drug guide / The Physicians’ prescription medications?” What are
Drug Reference (PDR) appropriate responses by the nurse? Select all
that apply (SATA).
The nurse is preparing a client for discharge - “It is important to tell your doctor all
knowing the client will be self-administering medications you take, including OTC.”
 - “OTC medications can interact with
prescription medications.” The client tells the nurse about a new drug
- “OTC medications could mask or hide being tested to treat the disease she was
signs and symptoms of a disease.” diagnosed with and asks the nurse whether the
doctor can prescribe a medication still in the
What concept is prioritized when a provider is pre-clinical phase of testing. What is the
considering the substitution of brand name nurse's best response?
drug with a generic drug? - “Drugs in the preclinical phase of
- Bioavailability testing are only tested on animals and
so would not be available to you.”
The client is prescribed a medication that was
just placed in phase IV study. The client tells While collecting a medication history, the
the nurse, “This medication is too expensive. client admits to doubling the recommended
Could the doctor order a generic form of this dosage of acetaminophen, saying “It's
medication?” What is the nurse's best harmless or they would require a
response? prescription.” What is the nurse's best
- “Medications are not produced in response?
generic form until the patent expires, - “OTC drugs are serious medications
which normally takes several years.” and carry serious risks if not taken as
directed.”
While studying for the test, the nursing
student encounters the following drug: Chapter 2
papaverine (Pavabid). What does the nursing The nurse has administered a drug that is
student identify the name Pavabid as? known to be lipid soluble. This drug's solubility
- The brand name will primarily affect what aspect of
pharmacokinetics?
A nursing student is preparing to begin a - Distribution of the drug
pharmacology course. The student should
anticipate what areas of study? Select all that The nurse is providing medication teaching for
apply (SATA) a client. The nurse has asked the client to
- Impact of drugs on the body provide a complete list of medications taken to
- The body's response to a drug health care providers. Ensuring this list is
- Adverse and anticipated drug effects complete will have what potential benefit for
the client?
When involved in phase III drug evaluation - Reducing the client's likelihood of
studies, what action should the nurse drug–drug interactions
perform?
- Monitor and observe clients closely What physiologic processes contribute to the
for adverse effects achievement of dynamic equilibrium when a
nurse administers a drug? Select all that apply.
The nurse, working on the maternity unit, - Absorption from site where the drug
receives a call from a pregnant woman asking enters the body
how she can know whether a medication is - Excretion from the body
safe to take while pregnant. What is the - Biotransformation
nurse's best response? - Distribution to the site where the
- “Never take medication until you drug is active
receive approval from your health
care provider.”
A nurse is administering digoxin to a client. To The client is taking a drug that affects the body
administer medications so that the drug is as by increasing cellular activity. Where does this
effective as possible, the nurse should drug work on the cell?
prioritize what factor? - Receptor sites
- The process of pharmacokinetics
The nurse is caring for a diverse group of
A nurse is caring for a client who has been clients. In which client should the nurse assess
receiving a drug by the intramuscular route at for an alteration in drug metabolism?
a dose of 0.25 mg. After discharge, the client - A 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of
will be prescribed the same medication orally the liver
at a dose of 2.5 mg. What phenomenon should
the nurse describe when explaining the reason A client has been prescribed a medication that
for the increased dosage for the oral dose? is known to be a drug agonist. This drug will
- First-pass effect have what effect?
- The drug will interact directly with
The serum lithium levels of a client with receptor sites to cause the same
bipolar disorder have risen to the minimum activity that a natural chemical would
level required to have a therapeutic effect. cause at that site.
This client's serum lithium levels have achieved
- critical concentration. A client presents to the emergency
department with a drug level of 50 units/mL.
A client has recently moved from Vermont to The half-life of this drug is 1 hour. With this
South Florida. The client presents to the clinic drug, concentrations above 25 units/mL are
reporting “dizzy spells” and weakness. The considered toxic, and no more drug is given.
client tells the nurse that he has been on the How long will it take for the blood level to
same antihypertensive drug for 6 years, with reach the nontoxic range? Provide your answer
stable blood pressures and no adverse effects. measured in minutes.
The clinic nurse knows that one possible - 60 minutes
reason for the change in the effectiveness of
the drug could be what? A nurse has identified the half-life of a drug
- The impact of the warmer that will be administered to a client for the
environment on the client's physical first time. The nursing drug guide states that
status the drug's half-life is 90 minutes. The nurse
should identify what implication of this fact?
A client's unexpected response to a new - Ninety minutes after drug levels peak,
medication has been attributed to there will be 50% of the peak level
characteristics of the client's genetic make-up.
What area of study best explains this client's The nurse is preparing to administer an
medication response? intramuscular dose of meperidine to a client in
- Pharmacogenomics pain. The nurse should identify what factor
that will affect the absorption of the drug by
The nurse is assessing factors that may affect this route?
the absorption of a drug that the nurse will - Environmental temperature
soon administer. What factor should the nurse
prioritize? The client is taking a 2-mg dose of ropinerol
- The route of administration that has XR. The drug has a half-life of 12 hours. In how
been prescribed many hours will 0.25 mg of this drug remains
in the client's system?
 - 36 HOURS penicillin. What action should the nurse do
next?
CHAPTER 3&4 - Assess the exact nature of the client's
Which factor has the most significant effect on response to the drug
a child's response to the administration of a
medication? The nurse is assessing a client whose asthma is
- body weight being treated with ephedrine. What
assessment finding should the nurse attribute
The caregiver of an older adult client with to a possible adverse reaction?
ischemic heart disease tells the nurse that the - The client's blood glucose levels are
client is only taking around half of the 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)
prescribed dosage of several medications.
What possible effect should the nurse explain What is the first of the five steps in the nursing
when providing health education? process?
- Reduced therapeutic effect - Assessment

An older adult client who lives independently What is true concerning medication errors?
has just been prescribed a drug that can cause - The nurse is responsible for ensuring
sedation. What would be the priority nursing medication safety.
diagnosis for this client?
- risk of injury A nurse gives a client 0.25 mg of digoxin
instead of the prescribed dose of 0.125 mg.
The nurse admits a client who has a known What should the nurse do next?
history of recreational drug use. The client - Assess the client and notify the
denies it during the nursing assessment. How client’s health care provider.
should the nurse best explain the need for full
disclosure when obtaining the client’s A client in distress is brought to the emergency
medication history? department by ambulance. Emergency medical
- "Drugs often have an effect on other technicians state that an anaphylactic reaction
drugs so it is important to know what from oral penicillin is suspected. Which of the
you take before I give you any nurse's assessment findings best supports this
additional medications." diagnosis?
- Blood pressure: 186/100 mm Hg,
A mother asks why she cannot use adult shortness of breath
dosages of over-the-counter (OTC) medication
for her 11-year-old child. Which explanation During which phase of the nursing process
best demonstrates the nurse’s understanding would the nurse prepare and administer one
of the importance of the mother’s question? or more drugs to a specific client?
- Drug therapy in children requires - implementation/intervention
special considerations because of the
child's size, developmental level, and The nurse is reviewing the client's medication
organ function. orders and finds an order stating “amoxicillin
250 mg every 8 hours.” What is the nurse’s
best action?
- Ask the prescriber to confirm the
The nurse is assessing a client new to the route.
clinic. The client says she is allergic to
A client presents at the clinic reporting vaginal What health education related to drug therapy
itching and a clear discharge. The client reports should the nurse provide?
to the nurse that she has been taking an oral - “Avoid sightseeing during the hottest
antibiotic for 13 days. What is the nurse's best part of the day.”
action?
- Assess for further signs of an adverse A client with seasonal allergies is taking an OTC
reaction to the antibiotic antihistamine to relieve itchy, watery eyes, and
a runny nose. When planning teaching for this
An older adult who has been taking a client, the nurse would include what teaching
macrolide antibiotic has developed auditory point?
nerve damage. What instructions should the - Avoid driving or operating machinery.
nurse provide for the family regarding home
care? The nurse's assessment of a community-
- Provide protective measures to dwelling adult suggests that the client may
prevent falling or injury. have drug allergies that have not been
previously documented. What statement by
The nurse is caring for a client who has been the client would confirm this?
taking potassium-sparing diuretic. What - “I broke out in hives and got terribly
assessment finding would suggest an adverse itchy when I started a new
reaction? prescription last year.”
- Calcium level of 10.6 mg/dL (2.5
mmol/L) In order to promote therapeutic drug effects,
the nurse should always encourage clients to
The nurse is caring for a client receiving an - take their medication at the
antineoplastic medication who reports fever, prescribed doses & times.
chills, sore throat, weakness, and back pain.
The nurse should recognize the possibility of Most institutions have their own policies for
what adverse effect? reporting medication errors.
- Blood dyscrasia - Strongly Agree

The nurse should consider teratogenic effects A nurse is providing teaching to a group of
when caring for what clients? Select all that clients who are beginning drug therapy for
apply. human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV).
- A 29-year-old client receiving prenatal What should the nurse teach the group?
care in her first trimester of - “Make sure not to take more than
pregnancy prescribed, because poisoning can
- A 37-year-old female client who is cause damage to more than one body
taking fertility drugs system.”

A nurse is planning client teaching about a A client with Parkinson's disease has been
newly prescribed drug. What teaching point prescribed an anticholinergic medication. The
should the nurse provide to best improve client reports that he is having difficulty
adherence and safety? voiding. The nurse should recognize that this
- Measures to alleviate any discomfort client is experiencing
associated with adverse effects - a secondary action of the drug.

A client who regularly takes antihistamines for

severe allergies is planning a tropical vacation.
A nurse is alert for any adverse effects of a Generally used in emergency basis. The drug is
medication on a client. This alertness in to be administered as soon as possible but only
assessment is essential in providing for once.
- client safety. - drug order
It is a substance administered for the
Drug Administration Quiz diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a
A sweetened & aromatic solution of alcohol symptom or for prevention of disease.
used as a vehicle for medical agents - Medication
- elixir
The most common intraosseous (IO) devices
Medication is to be given for a specified includes blue cap for children and red cap for
number of doses. It may also indicate that the adult.
drug is to be administered until discontinued - False
at a later date.
- standing order The drug is injected by syringe and needle into
the tissues just beneath the skin. The
The study of dosage or amount of drugs given preparation must be in a sterile liquid capable
in the treatment of disease. of complete absorption or it will irritate the
- posology tissues.
- Subcutaneous
Tablets that has a substance that enables them
to pass through the stomach and into the The common site for intraosseous (IO) are BIG:
intestine unchanged. proximal tibia and humerus; EZ-IO: proximal
- enteric coated and distal tibia and humerus; First Access for
Shock and Trauma I (FAST 1): sternum.
A basic nursing function that involves skillful - True
technique and consideration of the patient’s
development and safety. Prevents medications from leaking back to the
- medication administration subcutaneous tissue. Advised to use for
medications that causes visible and permanent
A powdered drug compressed into hard small skin discolorations (e.g. iron dextran)
disc; some are readily broken along a scored - Z-track technique
line. It comprises a mixture of active
substances and usually in powder form, Fluids, crystalloids, blood products and
pressed or compacted from a powder into a medications administered via intraosseous (IO)
solid dose. infusion into the bone marrow enter the
- Tablet circulation through the network of venous
sinusoids. It is used when intravenous (IV)
The study of the effects of drugs on living access is not possible.
organism. - True
- pharmacology
Compared with other routes of administration,
A written order of preparation and the intramuscular route is the fastest way to
administration of a drug is called deliver medications throughout the body.
- medication administration - False

Subcutaneous Injection Sites are the following,

EXCEPT
 - Gluteal area
An older adult client is prescribed an anti-
Parenteral medications are those introduced infective agent. Which would the nurse need
by injection. All drugs used by this route must to keep in mind?
have these qualities, EXCEPT - Liver and kidney function may be
- powder form reduced, requiring cautious use.

The drug is injected into the upper layers of The nurse is caring for a client who has been
the skin, rather than under the skin as in a receiving a broad-spectrum anti-infective
subcutaneous injection. agent for several days. What signs and
- Intradermal symptoms should the nurse monitor closely?
- destruction of normal flora
Catheter cannula used to patient's who are for
operation or may receive blood transfusion A nurse who works on a pulmonary unit should
during the course of their therapy needs an IV know how blood destroys microorganisms and
cannulation gauge 18 with designated color other characteristics of the immune system.
- Blue The client has been admitted to the health
care facility with pneumonia. Based on this
Chapter 7&8 information, what would be the best
The process of moving contents from inside explanation by the nurse to the client about
the cell through the cell membrane and into which constituent of blood destroys pathogens
the extracellular fluid is called and develops immunity to diseases such as
- Exocytosis pneumonia?
- Leukocytes
A professor is teaching a group of students
about the role of mitochondria within the cell. A client has returned for the third time to the
Which statements is true of mitochondria? provider’s office after repeated doses of
- They are the site of adenosine different antibiotics. Which does the nurse
triphosphate (ATP) production. suspect?
- Antibiotic resistance
A nurse is caring for a client in the intensive
care unit. The client was admitted 2 hours ago A 70-year-old client has been prescribed an
with a severe infection and was started on antimicrobial drug for the treatment of a
empiric therapy. Which test will be done to urinary tract infection (UTI). What teaching
identify drug susceptibility? point should the nurse prioritize when
- Culture and sensitivity providing client education?
- “Make sure that you take all the pills
Which statement by a client indicates to the that you're prescribed, even if your
nurse that additional teaching concerning the infection gets better.”
use of antimicrobials is needed?
- “I will stop the antibiotic as soon as I The cytoplasm within a cell is currently stable
feel better.” within the cell membrane. This cell is in what
state?
Which instruction is appropriate to include in - Homeostasis
the health teaching for a client receiving anti-
infective medication? The most important part of the cell that acts as
- Medication needs to be taken as a semipermeable structure that separates the
prescribed.
intracellular and extracellular environments is - It is very important to take the full
the: course of an antibiotic as prescribed
- plasma membrane and not save remaining drugs for
future infections
When a cell uses energy to move ions against
an electrical or chemical gradient, what is the Which cell property involves the destruction of
process called? bacteria by a macrophage?
- active transport - Phagocytosis

Which component in the organelle has the What is a “power plant” of the cell?
main function of organizing macromolecules - Mitochondria
and the subsequent packaging and
transportation of these macromolecules When chemotherapeutic agents interfere with
throughout the cell? cellular physiology, it results in
- Golgi apparatus - cellular death or alterations

The nurse is describing the variations in the it is common practice to draw culture and
number of mitochondria that exist in different sensitivity tests to determine the most
types of cells. The nurse should explain what effective antibiotic that will treat the causative
effect of having large numbers of mitochondria agent of the client's infection. What does
in a cell? “culture” determine?
- Increased energy production - Specifically what organism is causing
the infection
A client with diabetic nephropathy has
received a kidney transplant and the care team A client calls the clinic to talk to the nurse. The
believes that the client's cells may not be client states being prescribed penicillin for a
recognizing the new organ's histocompatibility strep throat last week. Though the client feels
antigens. The nurse should recognize what better, the client stopped taking the drug
implication of this finding? “today,” even though there are “a few pills
- The client may experience transplant left.” What would be the nurse's best
rejection response?
- “It is of critical importance that you
Most cells have the ability to reproduce take all the medication so all the
themselves through germs are killed. Otherwise they
- Mitosis could come right back and be even
stronger.”
A client is hypovolemic from vomiting and
diarrhea. The nurse recognizes that the client’s A nurse is instructing a client on the antibiotic
blood is likely hypertonic as a result of fluid regimen for the treatment of pneumonia.
loss. What effect does the nurse expect this Which statement is most important to share
will have on the red blood cells? with client?
- The cells will shrink and shrivel - Complete the entire prescription of
medication.
In teaching about using antibiotic medications,
what is it critical to include to help stop the
development of resistant strains of
microorganisms?
Chapter 9 After teaching a client who is receiving
Cephalosporins are structurally and chemically doxycycline about the drug, the nurse
related to which classes of antibiotics? determines that the teaching was successful
- Penicillins when the client makes what statement?
- "I need to wear protective clothing
The health care provider has ordered when I'm out in the sun."
levofloxacin 500 mg orally. The drug is
available in 250-mg tablets. The nurse When caring for a pediatric client, the nurse
administers how many tablets? should question an order for what drug?
- 2 - Levofloxacin

A client has been admitted to the critical care A client is diagnosed with an infection. What
unit with a diagnosis of peritonitis that has would the nurse anticipate being used to
necessitated treatment with gentamicin, an determine the best drug to treat the infection?
aminoglycoside. As a result, the care team - culture and sensitivity (C&S)
should be cautious when concurrently
administering other medications that may A disulfiram-like reaction may occur if which
cause which? substance is consumed within 72 hours after
- ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity. administration of certain cephalosporins?
- Alcohol
Your client was given tetracycline as a young
child. You can tell this by changes in A nurse is caring for a patient who has a
- The color of her teeth. serious infection. The patient is being treated
with combination therapy of a cefazolin and an
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a aminoglycoside. The nurse will be sure to
woman who has been prescribed tetracycline monitor which of the following?
and also uses oral contraceptives. What is the - Serum BUN and creatinine levels
most important instruction the nurse will give
to this client? The client has been prescribed levofloxacin.
- “You should use alternative means of The nurse knows that the client should be
contraception while you are taking taught to do which when taking this
tetracycline.” medication?
- Swallow the pill whole.
A client diagnosed with tuberculosis was
prescribed antitubercular therapy but stopped The nurse is preparing to administer a
after 1 month because of difficulty with the sulfonamide to a client when the client states,
medication scheduling. As a result, secondary "I woke up this morning with a lot of sores in
drugs are being prescribed. Which nursing my mouth." What is the nurse's next best
diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify? action?
- Ineffective Self-Health Management - I'm going to contact your health care
provider before I administer your
A group of students are reviewing material for medication."
a test on antibiotics. They demonstrate an
understanding of the material when they Antibiotic drugs are commonly used in the
identify what as the first antibiotic introduced pediatric population. Why would the
for clinical use? tetracyclines be contraindicated in children
- Penicillin younger than 8 years of age?
 - Because of the drugs effects on teeth team is instructed that a fluoroquinolone may
and bone be used to treat exposure to anthrax. The
nurse should prepare to administer what
What are sulfonamides classified as? antibiotic?
- Antibacterial - Ciprofloxacin

A nurse is caring for a 52-year-old client who A nurse is preparing to give a client an initial
has been diagnosed with a latent tuberculosis dose of a penicillin preparation. What should
infection. The health care provider is the first action be for the nurse?
considering ordering isoniazid (INH). The - Ask the client if there is a history
preexistence of what condition would require allergy to a penicillin.
cautious use of INH in this client?
- cirrhosis of the liver A client has been taking oral amoxicillin to
treat otitis media for the past 6 days. The
An 82-year-old client, who lives alone and has client has told the nurse that “my ear is now
occasional memory lapses, is being seen by the back to normal” and asks about stopping the
home health nurse. In reviewing the client’s antibiotics. How should the nurse respond?
medication, the nurse discovers that the client - “That's excellent that you're feeling
was recently prescribed azithromycin for better, but it's important to keep
urethritis. What characteristic of this drug taking the antibiotics until they're all
makes it an appropriate choice for this client? finished.”
- It is taken only once a day.
A nurse is conducting client teaching prior to
A student asks the pharmacology instructor if discharge home. The client is taking
there is a way to increase the benefits and ciprofloxacin. What would you teach this client
decrease the risks of antibiotic therapy. What is the best way to prevent crystaluria caused
would be an appropriate response by the by ciprofloxacin?
instructor? - Encourage at least 2 L of fluid per day.
- It is important to use antibiotics
cautiously and to teach clients to A 72-year-old female clinic patient is started
complete the full course of an on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, a
antibiotic prescription. sulfonamide combo drug, for treatment of a
urinary tract infection. Prior to administering
In deciding on an antibiotic for a patient, the this drug, the nurse should assess the patient
selective toxicity of the drug is always for which of the following conditions?
considered. What statement best explains - Renal impairment
selective toxicity?
- Selective toxicity is the ability of the The nurse is caring for a 62-year-old who has
drug to kill foreign cells without orders to receive gentamicin . The client
causing harm to our own body cells. reports difficulty hearing. What should the
nurse do?
The ability of bacteria to produce substances - Hold the dose and notify the health
that inactivate or destroy the antibiotic is care provider immediately
known as which of the following?
- Bacterial resistance Chapter 10&13
A pediatric nurse is caring for a 4 year-old child
A local bioterrorism medical team is who has been diagnosed with the most
responding to a possible anthrax attack. The common childhood helminthic disease in the
United States. The nurse should anticipate
what intervention? What information related to a client's history is
- A three-day course of mebendazole a contraindication for a prescription of an
anthelmintic medication?
A nurse is explaining the use of acyclovir - Pregnancy
therapy to a 72-year-old man. Nephrotoxicity
is discussed as a major adverse effect in older The nursing instructor is giving memory aids to
patients. To minimize the risk of the patient the students to help them to better remember
developing this adverse effect, the nurse will the different drug classifications. When
advise him to learning about antivirals the nurse instructs
- stay well hydrated by drinking at least the students to look for which syllables?
eight 8-oz glasses of water daily. - -vir

A sixteen year old client suspected of having A client has returned from an overseas
HIV/AIDS asks the nurse what causes AIDS. vacation and is displaying signs and symptoms
What should the nurse respond? of a helminth infection. What is the nurse's
- The human immunodeficiency virus priority for care?
- Obtaining a stool sample for ova and
People have different levels of risk for parasites
becoming infected with HIV. Which client is
more at risk of becoming infected with HIV? The nurse is caring for a client who is HIV
- A person having casual intercourse positive. What laboratory test is used to
with multiple partners determine this client’s ability to fight against
viral infections?
The client with HIV is experiencing nausea and - CD4
vomiting related to antiviral medications. The
client has lost 20 pounds in the last 2 months The mother of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse
since initiating the drug therapy regimen. that her child has been sleeping very poorly.
What is the highest priority nursing diagnosis The child has also been scratching in her rectal
for this client? or perineal area. The nurse suspects that this
- Risk for imbalanced nutrition child has what parasitic infection?
- Pinworms
An HIV-positive patient comes to the clinic and
asks the nurse if the patient should receive a A 18-year-old has come to the clinic and asks
flu vaccine. The patient states, "I never get the to talk to a nurse. The nurse asks the teen
flu, so why should I take it?" What is the best what she needs and the teen responds that
response by the nurse? she has become sexually active and is
- "All HIV-positive patients should concerned about getting HIV. The teen asks
receive the flu vaccine as the nurse what she can do keep from getting
prophylaxis." HIV. What would be the nurse’s best
response?
Several children in an elementary school have - “Other than abstinence, only the
been diagnosed with pinworm infections and consistent and correct use of
the school nurse is providing health promotion condoms is effective in decreasing the
education. What information should the nurse risk of getting HIV.”
prioritize when providing education?
- The importance of vigilant and
thorough hand hygiene
When interviewing a client with a suspected Chapter 11,12&14
worm infection, what would lead the nurse to A client taking an oral antifungal agent reports
suspect trichinosis? gastrointestinal upset. Which would be most
- Ingestion of undercooked pork appropriate to suggest?
- Having the client take the drug with
When fighting the human immunodeficiency food
virus (HIV), the nurse knows that the drug
regimen usually includes which? A nurse is teaching an 82-year-old client about
- several medications, which combined amphotericin B, an antifungal ordered by the
are the most effective treatment health care provider. Which client statement
would suggest that teaching has been
A school nurse is talking with a health class of effective?
freshman high school students about human - "Taking this drug could damage my
immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What patient kidney functioning."
would the nurse tell the students is at the
greatest risk of contracting HIV? A client receiving which agent should be
- Injecting drug user instructed to avoid alcohol consumption?
- Metronidazole
Several children from a day care have
developed pinworms, and the nurse has been The nurse is administering an antifungal
brought in to consult. The nurse should tell medication. What is the most relevant testing
parents to watch for what sign of possible required for the client taking this medication?
infection? - Renal testing
- perianal itching
A client is receiving gentian violet as topical
A nurse practitioner is teaching a health class treatment for a fungal infection. What
in the local high school. The NP informs the instruction should the nurse include in the
class about hepatitis B. What occupation does teaching plan?
the NP inform the class is at the greatest risk - "This medication can stain your skin
for contracting hepatitis B? and clothing."
- healthcare workers
A client has presented to the emergency
An elderly client is admitted to the medical floor
department with chills, diaphoresis, severe
with a fever, body aches and cough. What virus
headache and a temperature of 101.8°F
should the nurse suspect this client to have?
(38.8°C). When assessing the possibility that
- Influenza
the client has malaria, what assessment should
the nurse prioritize?
A client with a severe stomachache visits the
- The client's travel history
health care facility. Which intervention should
the nurse perform if a pinworm infection is
A client states, “My provider said that I had
suspected?
mycosis, but I thought I had a fungal
- Obtain stool samples.
infection.” Which response would be most
appropriate?
- “You’re both correct because mycosis
means a disease is caused by a
fungus.”
A client develops leukopenia after receiving Which drug is most commonly used orally to
chemotherapy. Which nursing diagnosis would treat infections caused by Candida albicans?
be most appropriate? - Fluconazole (Diflucan)
- Risk for infection
The mother of a 6-month-old infant presents
A sexually active teen tells the nurse, “My to the clinic, and the mother is subsequently
sexual partner is being treated for diagnosed with a protozoal infection. The
trichomoniasis.” What is the nurse’s best nurse should prioritize assessing whether the
response when the teen asks about receiving client
treatment as well? - is breast-feeding.
- “You need to be treated
simultaneously.” A client has chosen to be placed on hospice.
Which is acceptable chemotherapy for a client
What measure protects the nurse when on hospice?
preparing cytotoxic drugs? - Palliative chemotherapy
- Wearing protective equipment such
as gloves, mask, and gown A mother has just been told that her child has
cancer and will need chemotherapy. The
A client has been prescribed treatment with mother is worried about side effects. What is
antineoplastic drugs, which have a depressing the nurse's best response?
effect on the bone marrow. What pre- - "An immediate side effect of many
administration assessment should the nurse chemotherapy agents is nausea and
perform for this client with respect to the vomiting. There are medications that
depressing effect of the bone marrow? can be given prior to chemotherapy
- Complete blood count to lessen these side effects."

A client who is using a topical antifungal agent The client is diagnosed with a Candida
to treat mycosis calls the clinic to report a infection of the mouth. How will the nurse
severe rash that is accompanied by blisters. document this finding?
What should the nurse instruct the client to - Thrush
do?
- "Stop using the drug immediately." A client is taking chloroquine for malaria
prophylaxis. The nurse should likely encourage
A child has been taking mebendazole for the the client to avoid ingesting which item?
past 3 weeks after being diagnosed with - Alcohol
roundworm. The nurse will determine the
efficacy of the child's treatment by referencing Chapter 15&16
what diagnostic test? The nurse is caring for a number of clients.
- Stool for ova and parasites Which client has lost a barrier defense,
increasing the client’s risk for infection?
A client has been diagnosed with malaria and - 24-year-old client diagnosed with
will begin treatment promptly. How can the partial-thickness burns
nurse best attack the Plasmodium protozoa at
the different stages of its life cycle? A 60-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis
- Administer combination therapy as visits the health care facility for a regular
prescribed checkup. The patient informs the nurse that
the patient has been using an over-the-counter
NSAID for the last few days. Why should the
nurse caution the patient against the use of defense against these organisms is considered
NSAIDs on a long-term basis? to be what?
- Increased risk of GI bleeding - Skin

A 49-year-old woman has been diagnosed with The client has had an open reduction internal
myalgia. The health care provider has fixation (ORIF) of the right hip. Which
recommended aspirin. The client is concerned statement by the client identifies that the use
that the aspirin will upset her stomach. The of celecoxib is effective?
nurse will encourage the client to take this - "My hip pain has decreased."
medication by
- swallowing the tablet with milk or In the inflammation process, vasodilation of
food. the arterioles and congestion in the capillary
beds result in
The client has pain and the health care - Redness
provider has ordered meloxicam 15 mg daily. It
is supplied in 7.5-mg tablets. The nurse will Which patients are at a greater risk for liver
administer how much per dose? failure during administration of
- 2 acetaminophen?
- Patients who consume alcohol
A nurse is assessing a female client who has habitually
been taking NSAIDs. What statement by the
client indicates a good understanding of the A nurse is caring for a client with low back
use of NSAID therapy? pain, who has self-administered large doses of
- “I asked my provider to check for ibuprofen for several consecutive days. The
blood in my stool on a regular basis.” nurse should caution the client that overuse of
ibuprofen may lead to which?
Antipyretic drugs, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, - GI irritation
and acetaminophen, often are used to
alleviate the discomforts of fever and protect To help understand immunostimulant drug
vulnerable organs, such as the brain, from therapy, the client has come to the clinic for a
extreme elevations in body temperature. class on leukocytes and infection. The nurse
However, the use of aspirin in children is explains that the term leukocyte refers to
limited due to the possibility of what disease? - White blood cells
- Reye syndrome
Which best describes the consumption of a
A 16-year-old female client asks the nurse if foreign substance, such as bacteria, in the cell?
she can take two Tylenol every 2 hours during - Phagocytosis
exams because it helps relieve her tension
headaches. What is the nurse’s most A client is prescribed acetaminophen to reduce
appropriate response? an elevated body temperature. Which
- “Do not exceed recommended doses instruction should the nurse give to the client
of acetaminophen due to the risk of regarding the drug’s use?
life-threatening liver damage.” - Urge the client to refrain from
drinking alcohol.
A client has entered an environment where
there are numerous infectious
microorganisms. The body's first line of
A client with severe back pain has been emergency department reporting dizziness,
prescribed medication. Which class of drugs mental confusion, and difficulty hearing. What
can help in relieving this condition? assessment is most appropriate?
- Analgesics - Assess the client's use of salicylates.

A nurse is caring for a client in the early stage A patient is admitted to the emergency
of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse would department with a suspected overdose of
expect which medication classification to be acetaminophen. What adverse effect is most
used in the treatment of this client? common in acute or chronic overdose of
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs acetaminophen?
(NSAIDs) - Hepatotoxicity

A parent has brought a 6-year-old child to the A client is taking a nonsteroidal anti-
clinic. The child has a fever of 102.8°F (39.3°C) inflammatory agent. Which instruction should
and is subsequently diagnosed with the flu. the client be given in regards to
What medication best balances risks and administration?
benefits for treating this client’s fever? - Administer the medication with food.
- Acetaminophen

A client states, “I take acetaminophen four to

five times daily when I’m at home..” Which
laboratory test is a relevant response to best
evaluate the effect of this practice?
- liver enzymes

The nurse has conducted a health education

session for new parents. After learning about
the safe and effective use of anti-
inflammatories, which statement by the
parents indicates effective teaching?
- “We need to read the labels carefully
for the ingredients and dosages.”

Acetaminophen overdose has the potential to

cause fatal
- liver damage.

A female client asks why she must consult with

the health care provider when she uses cold
products for her children. What is the nurse’s
best response?
- “There is a risk of overdose, because
acetaminophen is a very common
ingredient in OTC cold, flu, fever, and
pain remedies.”

A client with a history of chronic pain related

to rheumatoid arthritis presents at the