LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS IN T.L.E 8 4.
Plumber’s special pliers are available with smooth jaws
QUARTER I, WEEK 3-4 -AQUACULTURE or jaws covered with a soft material to prevent scratching
when used on plated plumbing fixtures.
Name:
_____________________________________________________
5. General utility or water pump pliers are all-purpose
_________ pliers with as many as five jaw-
opening adjustments. Their teeth
Section: ____________________________________
are shaped for positive grip on
Score: __________________ round objects.
LESSON 1: USE FISHERY TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
LO 1. Select and use fishery tools (TLE_AFAQ7/8UT Ia-1) 6. Needle-nose pliers used for reaching places with
LO 2. Select and operate fishery equipment restricted clearance. These kinds of pliers have a pointed
(TLE_AFAQ7/8UT Ia-b-2) nose and may have side cutters. They are typically used for
LO 3. Perform preventive maintenance (TLE_AFAQ7/8UT Ib- all electrical and electronics works.
3) B. Wrenches - wrench is a hand tool often having fixed or
LESSON NO. 2: PERFORM ESTIMATION AND BASIC adjustable jaws used for gripping, turning, and fastening,
CALCULATION LO 1. Perform estimation (TLE_AFAQ7/8MC tightening, twisting or loosening objects such as nuts, bolts
Ic-1) or pipes and pipe
fittings. A wrench is mainly used to hold and turn nuts,
bolts, caps, screws, plugs and various threaded parts.
Classification of Hand Tools According to CLASSIFICATION OF WRENCHES
Requirement/Use 1. Pipe wrenches are used in plumbing for gripping round
or cylindrical things.
Hand tools can be classified into four different sections 2. General-use wrenches are used on bolts and nuts that
according to various purposes and uses. have flat and parallel surfaces like for example square or
1. Cutting, Pinching, Gripping Tools –These tools are hexagonal
used for cutting, pinching, and gripping purposes. Cutting
tools are used not only to cut a physical object into pieces TYPES OF WRENCHES
but also used to remove metal or wood from the work piece 1. Combination wrench is
by means of sheer deformation and for gripping objects by double-ended wrench with
using leverage. Examples are pliers and cutters. one end being like an opened
2. Striking Tools – These are the most widely used tools wrench and the other end
and most often abused tool. Chiseling, punching and like a box-end wrench. Both
riveting can be done properly using striking tools. Hand- ends usually fit the same size or bolt. They are made in
held striking tools have been used in a variety of disciplines metric and standard sizes.
as leveraged devices providing a striking force to complete
endless variety of tasks. Examples are hammers and
2. Adjustable wrench is used for
chisels.
tightening or loosening nuts and
3. Driving Tools - These are tools designed to insert,
tighten, loosen, remove screws, bolt, nails and other pointed bolts, having movable lower jaw
objects or hard turn items by applying torque. Examples to adjust wrench size, depending
are screwdrivers, nut drivers, hand wrenches, and T- on the size of the nuts or bolts.
handle wrenches.
4. Struck or Hammered Tools – These tools are used for 3. Socket wrench are like closed
forcing a bolt, pin, or rivet in or out of a hole. Examples are end wrenches but they are
punches, nail sets, and chisels. cylindrical in shape. They can
easily fit over nut in a recessed
DIFFERENT KINDS OF HAND TOOLS hole which is otherwise inaccessible with open or closed
A. Pliers - are comparatively modern invention. They are ended wrenches.
popular hand tools used for gripping objects through
leverage. They have a pair of pivoted jaws used for holding, 4. Flare-nut wrench or tube
bending, turning, gripping or cutting various things. wrench, or line wrench are almost
TYPES OF PLIERS same as box end wrench and are
1. Slip-joint pliers are great for used for gripping the nuts on the
tightening. They have a joint ends of tubes. They have narrow
which can be use for two openings to allow the wrench to fit
different width openings. They are over the tubes.
the most common type of
pliers used at
home. C. Hammers
The most popular and the commonly used type of hand tool
2. Groove-joint pliers are are hammers. They are used to deliver blows to an object or
similar to slip joint pliers having strike another object, like driving nails, fitting parts and
several joints to fit many jobs of breaking up objects.
various sizes. They are also TYPES OF HAMMERS
referred as “Channel lock”. 1. Curved Claw Hammer is used for
nail pulling and general carpentry
3. Parrot nose wrench work.
pliers are noted forntheir
grip. They are a
combination of pliers and 2. Straight Claw Rip Hammer is
pipe wrench with 750 mainly used for general and heavy
offset nose. These kinds of carpentry work, ripping and framing.
pliers are ideal for pipes and tubings.
3. Ball Peen Hammer is used
for bending or shaping soft
metal, for riveting and for center punching. This type of 3. Scoop shovels is used to move
hammer has a round face with beveled edges and the other light materials such as sawdust or
end has a ball-shaped peen for metal working. dried manure. It isn‘t advisable to
used for heavy wet materials because
4. Hand Drilling Hammer is design to do powerful jobs like of the volume that can hold which
striking masonry nails, steel chisels masonry drills. will cause you backache.
4. Barn fork has long angled
D. Screwdrivers - are used for turning screws so as to drive tines. Besides hay, it is also used
them into their place. They have a thin end which enters for moving garden pruning, weeds,
the nick in the head of the screws and have a mechanism and other organic materials.
for the application of torque (force by rotating the tip/end)
5. Spading fork performs multitude of garden tasks.
on the screw to be inserted into its place.
Primarily
TYPES OF SCREWDRIVERS
it is used for tilling the soil and breaking up heavy dirt
1. Philips has a crossed slot with a flat tip, it
used for tightening and loosening Philips‘ clods. It
head screws and bolts. is invaluable in weeding large areas where there is no
danger of injuring the roots of desirable plants. It comes in
2. Standard (slotted) has a single slotted tip many sizes; long or short
which is flared to the sides above the tip handles; different tine length; and
and used for tightening and loosening number of tines. The tines of less
slotted screws and bolts. expensive brands tend to bend so it is worth investing on
quality when you make your choice.
3. Clutch Head is used for tightening and
loosening clutch head screws and bolts. It 6. Bow rake is traditionally called ―steel
has four points of contact and locks into rake‖. Its head may be anywhere from 8
the screw head when turned counter inches to 24 inches wide. The head is
clockwise. connected to the handle by a steel ‗bow‘ at
4. Nut Driver is in varied sizes from 3/16” to each end. These bows act as shock absorbers, giving this
½ used for tightening and loosening tool the strength to do serious raking of heavier materials.
hexagonal screws and bolts. 7. Level head rake is much the same
as a bow rake, except that the back of
E. Measuring Tools- most important use of measuring tools the head is straight and even, and
is examining a finished product or semifinished product. connects to the handle in the center.
Accuracy of Its straight edge is
measurements depends on one‘s ability to use measuring used for leveling seedbeds. The corners may also be used for
tool correctly. creating furrows.
TYPES OF MEASURING TOOLS 8. Trowel is a constant companion at
1. Squares are indispensable to woodworkers, carpenters, different times of the year. These little
machinists, tile setters, and anyone who needs to make shovels are in valuable during
their projects with precision. Squares comprise a group of planting
tools which come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, season. You may wish to have a
depending on their intended use. couple different trowels for different uses.
Try square is an L-shaped
square having a handle called the 9. Pick and mattock is used for
bodies and a thin metal blade serious digging through hard packed
marked in graduations like a soil and clay. The pick (pointed end)
scale/ruler. This square is used basically to mark a straight or the mattock
line (wide blade) is used to chop down,
across a wood piece for cutting. into the soil, and the cradle design of the head can then be
used as a lever to break open the soil, allowing for easy
2. Rules is the most popular type of measuring tool. Rules shovelling.
usually has 6- or 12-inches length. The rules or ruler are
made of wood, metal or plastic. It is to be noted that the 10. Pruning saw has large cutting teeth than a normal saw
thinner the rule, the easier it is to measure accurately. for quick cuts through branches and limbs over an inch in
diameter. Always undercut the branch before making the
3. Caliper is a tool used for measuring the distance between final top cut to avoid damage to the bark of the tree or
two shrub.
symmetrically opposing sides. It can be
like a compass with inward or outward 11. Sickle is a curved, hand-held
facing points and the tips can be farm tool typically used for
adjusted to fit across the points to be harvesting grain crop or cutting
measured. When the caliper is removed, grass for hay. The inside of the curve
the distance between the tip is measured using a ruler. is sharp, so that the user can draw or swing the blade
against the base of the crop, catching it in the curve and
CHOOSE THE RIGHT TOOL FOR THE JOB slicing it at the same time.
1. Round point shovel - The most
versatile and widely used shovel. It is 12. Secchi disk is used to measure water
used to dig, scoop or shovel dirt from turbidity. The reading is sometimes called
one point to another. Secchi Disk Transparency. Productive ponds
usually have a Secchi Disk Transparency depth
2. Garden shovel – the same general design as a between 10 - 30 cm.
round point shovel, but it is smaller
and lighter. It is used for lighter task CARING FOR YOUR FARM TOOLS
and for less muscular persons. Always remove all the soil from your digging tools after
use. Usually hosing is all it takes but use a screwdriver to
remove dried mud. 3. Greater Complication --A complicated piece of
Never put your tools away wet. Allow them to dry equipment is composed of many components, any or all of
completely before storing to prevent rusting and handle rot. which can constitute possible sources of trouble. Although
After use, wipe the metal parts of pruners, shears, and the operational reliability of each individual component may
loppers with an oily rag. Alternately, you can wipe your be very high, it is necessary to multiply reliability factor of
tools dry with a clean rag, and then spray lightly with a all components that are dependent on each other in a
penetrating oil such as WD40. system in order to arrive at the total system reliability.
Regularly sharpen your cutting tools as well as the blades
of shovels and spades during the gardening season. A hone 4. Increased Fixed Costs -- Capital costs constitute a
or whetstone should be used for sharpening cutting tools. A considerable part of the total costs of training and must be
file should be used to remove nicks and smoothen the edge covered by the added value created. If training stops as a
of your shovels and trowels. result of inadequate maintenance, capital costs
Thoroughly clean any tools which have been used for (depreciation) must still be paid, so that the standstill
chemical applications. Fertilizers and other chemicals will results in a net loss.
rapidly corrode any metal parts.
For extra rust prevention fill a 5 gallon bucket with 5. Reduce Delayed Activities And Eradicate
builder‘s sand and pour a quart of new motor oil over it. Use Uncompleted Work
this as a shovel cleaner /oiler each time you put your tools Many work processes depend on an uninterrupted flow
away. Push each tool into the oily sand several times. You of activities to produce desired results. If an activity is
can also use this bucket as a shovel stand. delayed, the entire work stops. If all the facilities and
equipment are reliable working well, work delay can be
OTHER AQUACULTURE FACILITIES reduced.
A. Fishpond is an artificial body of water surrounded by
dikes and with accessories such as gates, pipes and canals Gains from maintaining facilities:
to facilitate water supply management. 1. Ensured SAFE environment
2. Improved MORALE of human resources
B. Fish Tank is a large 3. Reduced operational COST
container of liquids, 4. Increased PRODUCTION
rectangular, square or 5. Prolonged LIFE of facilities
circular in shape usually 6. Prompt DELIVERY of services/product
used in culturing fish.
MAINTENANCE
The proper use of the training tools and equipment is
the first and foremost task in the maintenance. The proper
C. Fish Pen and Cages use of tools and equipment is a very important task of the
Fish cage is a structure fully enclosed by nets on all sides worker. They must be able to use them in accordance to the
and bottom supported either by a fix rigid frame or by floats manufacturer‘s manuals as this would evidently extend the
which rise and fall with the water level or tide. life of the equipment and tools. When using equipment and
simple tools, it is best to read the manufacturer‘s and/or
Fish pen is an area user‘s manuals. This would indicate the part of the
enclosed by nets on all equipment, the functions of each part and the way to
sides and utilizes the lake maintain it. The user‘s manuals must be kept handy and
bed and other bodies of within the Quality Control Area (QCA) where the equipment
water as the bottom is kept for immediate reference.
enclosure.
A. How to implement the maintenance program centers
on 5 Ms.
1. Manpower
2. Money (Financial Resources)
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM 3. Methods and System
Maintenance is an excellent means of improving the 4. Machines (Facilities)
performance and condition of equipment and facilities. An 5. Materials and Supplies
effective maintenance program identifies problems long
before any equipment or facility breaks down or deteriorate, B. Maintenance program is a comprehensive list of
thus providing plenty of led time for effective maintenance maintenance and its incidents. This would include all
planning. maintenance activities to be undertaken, manpower needed,
maintenance methods to be used, all the materials and
Factors contributing to the rapidly growing interest in supplies needed for the maintenance and cost involved in
maintenance: the maintenance.
1. Technological Development -- This trend leads to a
more mechanized and automated equipment, resulting in
great productive potential which must be kept working. This C. Maintenance schedule is a list allocating specific
means that training facilities are becoming more maintenance of an area, including equipment and tools to a
complicated and required more advanced maintenance. specific period. The maintenance schedule is just a part of
the maintenance program.
2. Increasingly Expensive Raw
Materials -- Finite raw materials, PERFORMING ESTIMATION
in combination with a growing
population and increasing
consumption, inevitably result in
higher process for raw material.
Consequently, the costs of all by-products rises too. It is
therefore cost effective to maintain existing equipment than
purchase new ones.
Program work of activities
Below is the table of the program of activities which include
the labor and days needed to finish the fishpond
construction. Show your computation. Use the formula
C. Stock Sampling
Stock sampling is important for estimating average fish
below for the labor cost. weights and standing crop weight. It is also needed to
Formula: adjust daily feed ration for the fish.
Labor cost = daily labor requirements X duration X 300
Formula:
Example: LaborWeight
Average Body cost for(ABW)
clearing and weight
= total marking
at the park of
a particular
dikes
time (g)
Labor cost = 5 laborers X 5 days X 300 total number of
= 7, 500.00
fish samples
Labor cost= 20 laborers X 5 days X 300
Example:
= 30, 000.00
Work Activity in Fish Culture that Needs
Calculation
A. Feed Formulation
Feed formulation is the process of mixing together
various ingredients in right proportion to produce a
900diet.
nutritionally balanced g Calculating the right proportion
Solution 1: ABW
of ingredients =
is emphasized=30
by gusing the Pearson Square
30
method.
1200 g
Solution 2: ABW = =30 g
40 diet composition is given as
In the example that follows,
g/100g or as %.
Diet with two ingredients
Balance a 30% protein diet with the following
ingredients:
fish meal (60% crude protein)
rice bran (8% crude protein)
Formula:
Fish meal = 42.31 g
Rice bran = 57.69 g
To check if the desired level of protein was
met, multiply the weight by protein content of
each feed ingredient and sum up.
+
Fish meal: 42.31 g × 0.60 = 25.39
Rice bran: 57.69 g × 0.08 = 4.61
30.00g
protein
Therefore, a 100g diet with 30% protein, 57.69g
B. Lime Computation
Liming is a preventive measure or remedial process to
increase alkalinity of the ponds and improve aquatic
organism survival, optimize growth and ensure desirable
water quality. Lime is commonly applied on pond bottom.
To achieve maximum efficiency, lime should be raked and
plowed in the soil. Waters that need liming are those that do
not turn green when fertilizer is added to the pond water.
Amount of lime to be used when soil or water is
analyzed
Formula: QL = DpH – ApH x 0.5 tons/ hectare x area
0.1 x NVL
where, QL = quantity of required lime
DpH = desired pH
ApH = actual average pH reading of the pond
soil
NVL = neutralizing value of lime
For agriculture lime = 1
For quicklime = 1.73
it is used for driving nails, fitting parts and breaking up
Unit of Measurement and Conversion objects.
SYSTEM AND UNIT OF MEASUREMENT
AND CONVERSIONS USED IN FISH CULTURE ______________________________ 5. This is a tool used for
turning screws so as to drive them into their place.
ACTIVITY 2: Identify Me!
Directions: Choose the letter of your choice. Write
the letter of the correct answer on the space provided
for.
_________1. What is the most important reason why we
maintain our facilities?
A. Assures readiness of installed equipment
B. Extends the useful life of facilities
C. Improves morale of human resources
D. Properly discards hazardous wastes
_________2. It is a comprehensive list of maintenance and its
incidence.
A. Housekeeping Maintenance
B. Maintenance Schedule
C. Maintenance Program
D. Maintenance Checklist
_________3. This is the best reference for the proper use and
OTHER UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS AND maintenance of equipment.
A. Inspection checklist
B. Maintenance program
C. Maintenance Schedule
D. Manufacturer‘s manuals
_________4. The 5 Ms in the maintenance program.
A. Manpower, management, machines, methods and
money
B. Manpower, management, materials, machines and
money
C. Manpower, materials, methods, machines and
money
D. Manpower, materials, methods, maintenance and
money
_________5. The key factors that contribute to successful
maintenance program.
A. Reliability of equipment and facilities
B. Maintainability of equipment and facilities
C. Documentation
D. All of the above
CONVERSIONS
(NOTE: ANSWER ALL THE ACTIVITIES
BEFORE TAKING THE SUMMATIVE TEST!)
ACTIVITY 1: Identify Me!
Direction: Identify what is being described or
defined.
______________________________ 1. This is used not only to
cut a physical object into pieces but also used to remove
metal or wood from the work piece by means of sheer
deformation. objects by using leverage.
______________________________ 3. This is a hand tool, often
having fixed or adjustable jaws, used for gripping, turning,
and fastening, tightening, twisting or loosening objects.
SUMMATIVE TEST T.L.E 8
WEEK 3-4
______________________________ 4. This is used to deliver
blows to an object or strike another object, in the sense that
Name:
_____________________________________________________
__________
Direction: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of
the correct answer on the space provided for.
_________1. It is a comprehensive list of maintenance and its
incidence.
A. Housekeeping Maintenance
B. Maintenance Schedule
C. Maintenance Program
D. Maintenance Checklist
_________2. This is the best reference for the proper use and
maintenance of equipment.
A. Inspection checklist
B. Maintenance program
C. Maintenance Schedule
D. Manufacturer‘s manuals
_________3. What is the most important reason why we
maintain our facilities?
A. Assures readiness of installed equipment
B. Extends the useful life of facilities
C. Improves morale of human resources
D. Properly discards hazardous wastes
_________4. The key factors that contribute to successful
maintenance program.
A. Reliability of equipment and facilities
B. Maintainability of equipment and facilities
C. Documentation
D. All of the above
_________5. The 5 Ms in the maintenance program.
A. Manpower, management, machines, methods and
money
B. Manpower, management, materials, machines and
money
C. Manpower, materials, methods, machines and
money
D. Manpower, materials, methods, maintenance and
money
_________6. It is a preventive measure or remedial process to
increase alkalinity of the ponds and improve aquatic
organism survival, optimize growth and ensure desirable
water quality.
A. liming
B. feed formulation
C. sampling
D. computation
_________7. It is the process of mixing together various
ingredients at right proportion to produce a nutritionally
balanced diet.
A. liming
B. feed formulation
C. sampling
D. computation
_________8. The neutralizing value of lime (NVL) for
agricultural lime.
A. 1.73 B. 1.35 C. 1
D. 1.8
_________9. If the total weight of 20 pcs fish samples is
1000g, what is the average body weight of fish?
A. 20 g B. 25 g C. 50 g D. 60 g
_________10. How many feet are there in 1 meter?
A. 30.48 ft. B. 3.28 ft. C. 32.8 ft
D. 3.048 ft.
