Collection (2001) PDF
Collection (2001) PDF
INCLUDING
BASS MEKANIK
T-CLASS digital amplifiers
This manual is written for the experienced installer. Please read it in its entirety before
installation. If you are unfamiliar with the terminology and concepts within, we strongly
recommend you seek the assistance of an Authorized U.S. Amps Dealer or other car audio
professional. Authorized Dealers can be located on the U.S. Amps website: www.usamps.com,
or by calling the U.S. Amps Factory - Monday thru Friday at (352)-338-1926, 9am to 5pm EST.
Our 24 FAX line is (352)-371-4122. Remember, protect your hearing and enjoy your U.S. Amp!
Table of Contents:
Installation: 3 USA-2000 / 2000X- 16
There is a U.S. Amp for every purpose. If your needs require maximum amplifier power into 4 or 2
ohms per channel, or 4 ohms bridged, use one of the Xterminator “X” models for the best results.
If you have more than a pair of speakers, or if the speakers have multiple voice coils, you may need
the extra current and low impedance stability of the USA Series. The USA Series develops
maximum output when used at 1 ohm per channel or 2 ohms bridged.
If you participate in sound-off events, the “HC” (High Current) amplifiers are designed to operate at
ultra-low impedances.
2
INSTALLATION
Amplifier Mounting:
Choose an appropriate location to mount the amplifier(s). Make sure your choice is free from
excess heat, moisture, and vibration. Under the vehicle seat or in the trunk are common mounting
locations. Be sure the amplifier receives adequate ventilation to its heat sink and is positioned
away from flying luggage and people’s feet. Do not mount the amplifier directly to speaker
enclosures.
Ventilation:
It is important to provide the amplifier with adequate ventilation to remove heat from the amplifier
heat sink. During high performance applications, in which the amplifier may be exposed to low
impedance loads, it may be necessary to provide external ventilation via a fan or some other
means. With proper ventilation, the “run time” of the amplifier between thermal protection cycles
can be greatly extended.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
The input of a U.S. Amp MUST be grounded for proper amplifier operation.
The use of external ground isolation dividing devices is unnecessary
and may cause severe amplifier and / or system damage.
3
ACTIVE ELECTRONIC CROSSOVERS
US-X2
The US-X2 and US-X2R are two-way crossovers that “split” the full-range
HIGH PASS
LOW PASS
GROUND
REMOTE
AMP REMOTE
POWER
RIGHT
INPUT
LEFT
RIGHT
LEFT
RIGHT
LEFT
audio signal into two groups of frequencies- high and low. Each group is
sent to a dedicated amplifier, which in turn, powers a speaker or speakers
that are best suited to play those frequencies.
Both units have independent controls to adjust the “roll-off” of the high and
ACTIVE ELECTRONIC CROSSOVER
MODEL US-X2
OUTPUT GAIN
BASS BOOST
MADE IN
FREQUENCY
low frequencies from 50Hz to 500Hz at 12 Db per octave. FLORIDA,
U. S. A.
HIGH
LOW
The low frequency control limits the high frequency response of the low pass output, and the high
frequency control limits the low frequency response of the high pass output. Both units feature a variable
Bass Boost that emphasizes frequencies in the 65Hz range up to 20Db. The US-X2R is a more featured
unit with dual inputs and two high pass outputs that can be independently adjusted. The US-X2R will “fade”
between two mid and high amps, but if only one input pair is available, the dual input can be defeated.
POWER
FREQUENCY
REAR HIGH
BASS BOOST
FREQUENCY
LOW PASS
REAR GAIN
FRONT GAIN
FREQUENCY
FRONT HIGH
INPUT
MODEL US-X2R
MADE IN FLORIDA,
accept input from dual DUAL (FADE)
U. S. A. !
RCA pairs to “fade”
OUTPUT
HIGH PASS
FRONT
OUTPUT
HIGH PASS
REAR
AMP REMOTE
BASS GAIN
REMOTE
OUTPUT
PASS
LOW
GROUND
INPUT
REAR
POWER
FRONT MID / HI
OUTPUT GROUND
Adjustable To the Vehicle
0-9 Volts, REAR MID / HI LOW PASS Chassis
50-500Hz OUTPUT OUTPUT
Adjustable Adjustable POWER Fuse
at 3 Amps
HAND-CRAFTED IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
HAND-CRAFTED IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
HAND-CRAFTED IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
4
the RBG cable is connected. Use a common screwdriver tip or something like it to tighten the RBG knob.
The US-X3 is a three-way unit that further divides the frequencies for three amplifiers. The features and
operation are similar to the others with the addition of the third mid range channel, and its gain. There are
separate high, mid and low mid frequency controls, and the mid range output can be inverted 180 degrees
with a switch to correct for real-life speaker placement.
US-X3 GROUND
To the Vehicle LOW PASS MID RANGE HIGH PASS
Chassis OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT
Adjustable Adjustable Adjustable
0-9 Volts, 0-9 Volts, 0-9 Volts,
POWER Fuse 50-500Hz 50-500Hz 500-5KHz
at 3 Amps Low Mid
HAND-CRAFTED IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
500-5KHz
HAND-CRAFTED IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
HAND-CRAFTED IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
High Mid
REMOTE Positive 12
Volt Trigger From Source
SUBS MID-BASS/ TWEETS
MIDS
AMP REMOTE Positive 12
Volt Trigger to Amplifiers
Source Unit
o
LOW PASS
AMP REMOTE
INPUT
OUTPUT
OUTPUT
GROUND
REMOTE
POWER
OUTPUT
INPUT
LOW
MID
Can be activated or
LOW PASS
FADER
OFF
MODE
2-WAY
MODEL US-X3 0
When used in the 2-Way mode
MADE IN FLORIDA, U. S. A.
PHASE
180 both the High and Mid Outputs
have Mid / High Output signals
BASS BOOST
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY
HIGH PASS
HIGH GAIN
LOW PASS
LOW GAIN
HIGH MID
MID GAIN
U.S. Amps crossovers feature an isolated input and amplifier section to keep the system free of
noise. It is important to ground the crossover input for proper operation. Do not use a floating
ground isolator with this or any other U.S. Amps product.
5
BRIDGING YOUR U.S. AMP
All U.S. Amps listed in the following section can be used in the BRIDGED mode, meaning that both
channels of the amplifier are used together as a powerful single channel, usually to drive a group of
subwoofers. Since subwoofers come in a wide variety of types and impedances, U.S. Amps
makes different groups of amplifier models to work best with specific speaker systems. To get the
most power from your amp, match it by model and code to one of the following diagrams. Great
care has been taken to optimize your amplifier’s performance when wired as recommended, so
please follow these diagrams carefully. The on-board SAT “SMART AMP TECHNOLOGY”
protection circuit on the USA-150, 300, 700T, and 2000 types carefully monitors and records
amplifier performance, including the suitability of the load in comparison with the amplifier type.
Think of the speaker as an electric motor and the Amp as the wall-current that makes it “run”. The
two principals in fact, are very similar. All speakers have a motor, consisting of the permanent
magnet at the rear of the speaker and a “voice coil” that attaches to the speaker cone and rides
back in forth in the center of the magnet. Just like a motor you would plug into the wall and say,
vacuum the floor, the amp powers the voice coil which in turn reacts to the permanent magnetic
field by pushing and pulling against it. The resultant motion moves the speaker cone and wall-la!
You have sound! (Normally U.S. Amps wouldn’t care about speakers, but we have been asked to
explain this function in greater detail-Harrumph!)
Each voice coil has a resistance, or impedance, that is crucial to the way it reacts with a given
model of U.S. Amps and vice versa. This resistance is measured and expressed in OHMS, or
Ohms of resistance. Put simply, OHMS are the things that keep the amplifier speaker leads from
shorting together, which is a no-no. The less OHMS a speaker has, the closer the electrical
potential of the amplifier will be to shorting.
Speakers are typically available with 8, 4, or 2 ohm coils. There is a great deal of difference
between these ratings, as with the order of magnitude of the numbers 8,4, and 2 themselves. As 4
is TWICE as much as 2 and 8 is TWICE as much as 4, the amount of current an amplifier must
provide to drive a 4 ohm speaker is TWICE that required to drive an 8 ohm speaker, a 2 ohm coil
requires TWICE the current of a 4 ohm coil. While all this seems academic, is nonetheless of vital
importance, and is perhaps the most overlooked and unfortunate reason for expensive system
failure. Just like an electric motor and the wall socket, it is possible to stack more motors on the
circuit than it can handle.
Before you form the opinion that higher current amps are obviously better, forget it. High current is
simply a way to get power under a different circumstance. All amplifiers have current and voltage.
Really, one comes at the expense of the other, but they are both equally effective at delivering
power. “Power” is measured in WATTS, like a light bulb, and is the product of a mathmatical
equation that takes into account the current and voltage output of the amplifier in relation to the
resistance, or OHMS of the voice coil or voice coil combination. (Impedance is another word for
resistance, and the two are often interchangeable.) Let’s totally geek out together and examine
this formula, as it will help you understand the role voltage and current play in relation to speaker
impedance and power:
6
The equation is kind of divided into 2 parts. If you take the time to check this out, you will see what is
REALLY COOL about amplifier bridging, and why it is so important to pay attention to the numbers.
PART ONE:
20 4 5
”5” is AMPS OF CURRENT. (“AMPS” and “CURRENT” are another one of
those interchangeable words.) Next, we will use the answer of this
first part and the “rail voltage” to determine WATTS OF POWER.
PART TWO:
40 4 10
AND HOW MANY WATTS IS THAT?
40 X 10 400
Yes, Pilgrim, you are now cooking with gas. The only thing holding you up is real life. The V divided by R
equals A thing fails to take into account the physical limitations of friction and loss, let alone the mechanical
limitations of components and design. These are considerable factors. Luckily for you, U.S. Amps
overcompensates from this standpoint, and delivers TRUE RATED 2 ohm per channel performance. Most
amplifiers are not built with the intestinal fortitude necessary to double PER CHANNEL power from 4 to 2
ohms, which as you see, QUADRUPLES your
Bridged output. Don’t worry- U.S. Amps has you covered.
7
GETTING WIRED
Once you have established the current needs of your system, it will be of the UTMOST
IMPORTANCE to properly fuse the amplifier. Remember, power connections are always the last
thing. There cannot be enough emphasis placed on the importance of proper fusing. Fuses
prevent catastrophes. Always fuse each U.S. Amp product at or less than the recommended
amperage. Another major consideration is wire. If you wish to build a truly high-powered system,
you must take into account the total amperage requirements of the system and select your wire
gauge accordingly. The following chart can be used as a guide:
These are real numbers, right out of the 1951 U.S. Federal Electrician’s Code Book. It takes real
wire to do real work. Trust us on this one.
BATTERIES
Batteries, and the way they operate, is one of the least understood, yet critical element of any
healthy car audio system. Even small, highly efficient systems need a minimum amount of
amperage and voltage to operate properly. The average automotive battery is designed only to
start the vehicle, not run the stereo, the lights, or anything else. That job goes to the vehicle
alternator, once the engine has been started.
The alternator also recharges the battery, replacing the energy used to start the engine within a
matter of minutes. The actual work done by the battery is minimal. If the current drawn by the
vehicle lights and other electrical accessories does not exceed the amperage output of the
alternator, the average battery will last for years.
The audio system, particularly the amplifiers, add to the current draw. Most stock alternators have
excess output, anywhere from 30 to 50 amps, maybe more. A safe way to determine whether your
electrical system is adequate to handle your U.S. Amp(s) is to use one-half of the amplifier fuse
rating as a constant to determine the average current draw of the system. Unless you are one of
those people who uses your amplifier to play a sine wave, (in which case you are on your own) your
amp will not draw peak current all the time when playing music. This isn’t rocket science , but it
gets the job done. Another way is to use the charts on pages 10 & 11 to determine actual amplifier
output based on the impedance that each channel is operating.
8
CARE AND FEEDING OF YOUR BATTERIES
As mentioned before, most batteries are built for the relatively light chore of starting the engine.
Unless you have the room and ambition to install an upgraded high-powered alternator, your
system current requirements may exceed the charging capability of your car’s electrical system.
When this happens, you have to rely on the vehicle battery(s) to make up the difference. Another
factor to consider is voltage. Although the electrical system is
considered to be “12 volt”, the battery, when healthy, actually “rests”at 12.6 volts. The average
alternator “puts out” 14.4 volts when the engine is on, because it is necessary to “feed” a battery
higher voltage in order for it to charge.
Date of manufacture.
protection.
AFTE
-CR
ND
HA
9
AMPLIFIER
POWER and FUSE
Specifications*
400
TM
5600 75W x 4
200W x 1
90W x 4
350W x 1
N/A N/A N/A 75A
Copyright 2001 U.S. Amps Inc. All rights Reserved. *Specifications subject to change without notice.
10
AMPLIFIER
PERFORMANCE
Specifications*
400
TM
4300 180W x 2
@ 4 Ohms < .006% 102dB > 200 150Vus
PT-35O 350W @ 4 Ohms < .05% > 86dB > 100 150Vus
BASS
PT-8OO 800W @ 4 Ohms < .05% > 86dB > 100 150Vus
PT-1OOO 1100W @ 4 Ohms < .05% > 86dB > 100 150Vus
Copyright 2001 U.S. Amps Inc. All rights Reserved. *Specifications subject to change without notice.
**Measured at 4 Ohms at the circuit board.
11
USA-200 / 200X
USA-400 / 400X
Controls and Features
USA-400 WARNING
One Ohm Stable Stereo Amplifier. Made In Florida, U. S. A. U.S. Amps require a
grounded input connection.
DO NOT use ground-loop
Power LED Indicator: isolation devices on the
The green light in the middle of the palm input of your U.S. Amp!
tree is connected to the amplifier’s power Gain Control:
supply, and only lights when the amplifier is
The gain control is water and dust proof for long life and
in working order.
high fidelity. The input sensitivity can be infinitely adjusted
from 250mv to 10 Volts.
Smart Amp Technology:
Both models incorporate a non-computerized version of SAT (U.S. Amps’ exclusive Smart Amp
Technology) that precisely monitors each amplifier channel, the battery voltage, and amplifier temperature.
In the event of a fault condition, SAT will activate to protect the amplifier from damage.
12
USA-200 / 200X, USA-400 / 400X
Stereo Operation Source Unit
Positive 12 Volt Remote
LEFT Turn-on
SPEAKER(S)
Left Negative
Positive 12 Volts to Vehicle Battery
Left Positive Min. 10 Gauge
USA-400:
4 Ohms: 50 Watts
2 Ohms: 100 Watts
1 Ohm: 200 Watts
Xterminator 400X:
4 Ohms: 100 Watts
2 Ohms: 200 Watts
Vehicle Battery
11 - 15 Volts DC
RIGHT
SPEAKER(S)
Right Positive
Negative 12 Volts to
Vehicle Ground. Min. 10 Gauge
Right Negative
Vehicle Ground
Bridged Mono
Bridged
Total Bridged Output Left Left 12V
Speaker(s) Pos Neg REM Pos
USA-200: 200 Watts @ 2 Ohms Bridged
Negative 200X: 200 Watts @ 4 Ohms Operation:
USA-400: 400 Watts @ 2 Ohms
400X: 400 Watts @ 4 Ohms
Right Right
Pos Neg X GND Right Pos (+)
Left Neg (-)
Positive
Left Left REM 12V
Pos Neg Pos
Right Right
Pos Neg GNDX
13
USA-50HC, USA-100HC,
USA-600, 600X, USA-1000, 1000X,
USA-2000 and 2000X
Controls and Features
Amplifier Input:
Active 24dB Low Pass Crossover:
These models feature input isolation and a built-in
The low-pass crossover can be infinitely
voltage divider that will accept input signals from
adjusted to “roll off” at 24db per octave
nearly any source. It is necessary to provide input to
at frequencies between 50Hz and 500Hz. The
both channels when operating the amplifier. Input
crossover can be defeated for
sensitivity is variable from 250mv to 10 Volts.
full-range operation.
WARNING: Gain Control:
U.S. AmpsWARNING
WARNING: require a grounded The gain control is water and dust
Subsonic Filter:
input
U.S. connection.
Amps
U.S. Amps require DO NOT use
require
a groundeda proof for long life and high fidelity. To optimize amplifier power
grounded
ground-loop input connection
isolationDO
input connection. NOT .use
devices The input sensitivity can be infinitely in the audible frequencies, a
DO
on NOT use ground-loop
the input ofisolation
your U.S.devices
Amp! adjusted from 250mv to 10Volts. defeatable 36 Hz subsonic
ground-loop
isolation devices on the filter provides a 12dB per
on theof your
input inputU.S.
of your U.S. Amp!
Amp! octave roll-off.
Remote
Bass Gain:
When the low-
pass crossover
is “ON” the amp- Smart Amp Technology:
lifier volume can Both models incorporate a SAT
be adjusted remotely from the passenger (U.S. Amps’ exclusive Smart Amp
compartment, independent of the system
volume. The RBG works within the input
Technology) that precisely
monitors and tracks vital amplifier
SAT
volume range set by the GAIN control, information, including the type
and is about 75% effective. The RGB and frequency of fault conditions ,
comes with a knob and 15’ of cable. battery voltage, and amplifier
t e m p e r a t u r e . A
Clear Plexiglas Bottom: built-in computer stores data that Data
U.S. Amps are hand-crafted to a high standard can be read by the Dealer with a Out
of quality in our Gainesville Florida factory, and U.S. Amps data port interface to
are thoroughly inspected for both cosmetic aid in system problem-solving. In
addition, SAT keeps permanent
Exclusive
and operational perfection. A clear bottom
panel displays the attention to detail found in record of the amplifiers’ serial Smart Amp
every U.S. Amp. number and time of operation. Technology
14
USA-50HC, USA-100HC, USA-600 / 600X, USA-1000, / 1000X
Stereo Operation
Source Unit
LEFT
SPEAKER(S)
Note Dual Positive
Left Negative
Power and Gound 12 Volt
Connections Remote
Switched
Left Positive 12 Volt Turn-on
Output
Left
Pos
Left
Neg GND 12V
Pos X REM
Power Per Channel:
USA-50HC: USA-100HC
Right Right GND 12V
4 Ohms: 25 Watts 4 Ohms: 50 Watts Pos Neg Pos
2 Ohms: 50 Watts 2 Ohms: 100 Watts
1 Ohm: 100 Watts 1 Ohm: 200 Watts
½ Ohm: 188 Watts ½ Ohm: 400 Watts
ALWAYS FUSE AT BATTERY
USA-600: USA-600:
4 Ohms: 75 Watts 4 Ohms: 75 Watts USA-50HC: 75 Amps
2 Ohms: 150 Watts 2 Ohms: 150 Watts Positive USA-600: 75 Amps
1 Ohm: 300 Watts 1 Ohm: 300 Watts USA-600X: 70 Amps
12 Volts F
600X: 600X: to Vehicle U USA-1000: 135 Amps
4 Ohms: 150 Watts 4 Ohms: 150 Watts Battery S USA-1000X: 135 Amps
2 Ohms: 250 Watts 2 Ohms: 250 Watts 8 Gauge E USA-100HC: 135 Amps
Wire
RIGHT
SPEAKER(S)
Right Positive
Vehicle Battery
Right Negative 11 - 15 Volts DC
Negative 12 Volts to
Vehicle Ground. Min. 8 Gauge
15
USA-2000 and 2000X
Stereo Operation
Source Unit
ALWAYS FUSE AT BATTERY
300 AMPS
Positive Vehicle Battery
12 Volt F 11 - 15 Volts DC
Remote U
Turn-on S
E
Switched Switched
12 Volt Vehicle Vehicle 12 Volt
Output Ground Ground Output
500mA Max 500mA Max Power Per Channel:
USA-2000:
Not 4 Ohms: 250 Watts
2 Ohms: 500 Watts
Used 1 Ohm: 1000 Watts
Xterminator 2000X:
REM X GND 12V
Pos
12V
Pos GND X AUX
4 Ohms: 500 Watts
2 Ohms: 1000 Watts
LEFT RIGHT
SPEAKER(S) SPEAKER(S)
Vehicle Vehicle
Positive Ground Ground Positive
Positive
Negative
16
4300X
Four Channel
System Amplifier
Controls and Features
The 4300X features a selectable two-way electronic crossover with independent front and rear mid-high
frequency adjustment, two ohm per channel stability, and a Remote Bass Gain control that can be
mounted in the vehicle passenger compartment. Power is provided by four 75 watt channels that can be
bridged as front and rear pairs into a 4 ohm load for a total of 200 watts per bridged pair.
Crossover Settings:
The two-way crossover of the 4300X can be enabled to perform four separate functions by using the
configuration switches on the amplifier end plate:
front high rear low 4 ch switch 4 ch front high rear low 4 ch switch 4 ch
4 channel high pass low one full low one full
4 channel high pass
Gain Gain
1) 4 channels 2) 4 channels
switch
of full-range. one of low pass. switch
one
(Switch one is not in effect) (Switch one is not in effect)
front high rear low 4 ch switch 4 ch front high rear low 4 ch switch 4 ch
4 channel high pass low one full 4 channel high pass low one full
Gain Gain
3) 2 channels 4) 4 channels
switch switch
of high pass one of high pass. one
and 2 channels of low pass.
17
4300X Four Channel Operation
Source Unit
Negative
RIGHT FRONT
SPEAKER(S)
Positive
Negative
18
5600X
Four Channel
System Amplifier
Controls and Features
The five-channel 5600X features a selectable three-way electronic crossover with independent front and
rear mid-high frequency adjustment, dual power supplies, two ohm per channel stability, and a Remote
Bass Gain control that can be mounted in the vehicle passenger compartment. The U.S. Amps logo comes
separate in the box, so it can be mounted at the customers’ discretion.
4-IN-2 Switch:
RBG
Bass REAR FRONT INPUT
Bass
Freq
Rear
Freq
Front Gain Rear
Freq Gain
Front
Gain
4-in-2 This switch allows
the 5600X to
50 50
500
50
500 500
Min Min accept either
Max Max
single or dual
Power
inputs, which
USA-5600
Five Channel Amplifier
provides front to-
Made In Florida, U.S.A.
rear fading if the
source unit is so
e q u i p p e d .
Remote Bass Gain: Independent
The 4300x comes with an optional “Remote Bass Gain” or f r e q u e n c y
“RBG” that can be mounted in the passenger compartment controls adjust
to independently attenuate the low pass output. The “BASS the “roll-off” of the
GAIN” slot located on the end plate of the unit is used both to high and low
set the level of the low pass output and control the range of frequencies from
the RBG. It does not matter which way the RBG cable is 50Hz to 500Hz at
connected. Use a common screwdriver tip or something 24 dB per Octave.
like it to tighten the RBG knob.
Smart Amp
If the unit does not play Technology Amp Power @ 4 Ohms:
on bass but the mid-
highs work, or vice
versa, check the “SAT
SAT
PROTECT
75 Watts x 4
Plus 500
PROTECT” LEDs at MID-HIGH 200 Watts x 1 TOTAL WATTS
the terminal end of the
amplifier. If one or both Amp Power @ 2 Ohms:
SAT
is lit, there is a speaker PROTECT
or wiring short, or
improper speaker load
SUBWOOF
90 Watts x 4
Plus 710
in that area. LED Array 350 Watts x 1 TOTAL WATTS
19
5600X Five Channel Operation
Vehicle Battery
11 - 15 Volts DC
Negative
Positive
Negative
Positive 12 Volt
Remote Turn-on
SUBWOOFER
SPEAKER(S)
12V REM FL FL FR FR Sub 12V
Pos Pos Neg Pos Neg Pos Pos
Positive
Negative
Positive
Positive
Vehicle Vehicle
Aux 12 Volt
Ground Ground
Output
500mA
MAX
REAR LEFT RIGHT REAR
SPEAKER (S) SPEAKER (S)
MEKANIK
BY U.S. AMPS
EXPLAINED
All “amplifiers” digital or analog, really consist of two sections, the power supply and the amplifier section.
The power supply, or the “engine” of the amplifier, is highly efficient, losing little energy in the form of heat.
The amplifier section acts as a “transmission” to convert the power supply's energy into audible sound.
It is during the analog conversion that the majority of amplifier heat and waste take place.
“Digital” amplifiers are high-speed, high-efficiency “transmissions”. They work, or “switch” at much higher
rates that analog amplifiers. Digital amplifiers allow more of the power supply's energy to the speakers with
less heat and waste.
Both T-Class™ and “Class D” are over 80% efficient as a whole, (power supply waste included), compared
to the 45 to 70% efficiency of a typical analog design.
“CLASS D”:
“Class-D” amplifiers are unable to equal the performance of U.S. Amps T-Class™. The fundamental
technology of “Class D” is self-limiting.
Here's Why:
“Class D” switching uses pulse-width modulation (PWM) technology. PWM switching is relatively slow, and
fixed at a switching frequency anywhere from 75KHz to 200KHz. This produces audio output quality that is
inferior to “Class A” or “A-B,” so efficiency is gained at the expense of sonic fidelity.
21
T-CLASS EXPLAINED - PART 2
TM
A basic rule of thumb of audio amplifier design dictates that the minimum circuit switching frequency is 10
times greater than the audible range. This bare minimum is necessary to keep transistor “switching noise”
out of the audible signal.
To adequately reproduce the audible range, (20Hz to 20KHz) the “Class D” PWM would have to switch at a
minimum of 200KHz, which represents the upper range (and cost) of PWM capability.
As a result,
“Class D” is generally used only in low frequency or low fidelity applications where the performance level of
PWM is acceptable.
Large speakers - such as woofers, or inaccurate speakers like the full-range single cone drivers used in
General Motors' Delco-Bose™*** systems - help to hide the audible high frequency noise of “Class D” by
virtue of their mechanical inability to reproduce high frequencies.
“Class D” is load-specific. Both “Class D” and T-Class™ amplifiers require output filters to eliminate
spurious digital “switching noise” from the output signal. The slow switching speed of “Class D”
necessitates a large, built-in, high-value output filter that acts as a passive crossover and is dependent
upon the correct speaker impedance.
Additionally, “Class D” operates at a relatively low voltage, much like a high current amplifier, and must be
used into low impedances to make power with current. This emphasis on current requires a larger output
filter that is more critical to impedance load matching.
This is why “Class D” amplifiers are specific “1 Ohm” or “1/2 Ohm”, etc. Failure to observe the exact
recommended speaker load is akin to connecting an improper speaker load to a passive crossover
network, and will result in degradation of the already limited “Class D” frequency response.
To be sure, “Class D” is (was) a step in the right direction. It does work, and works rather well in certain
instances. It is, however, a crude and incomplete technology when compared to T-Class™ and DPP. The
underlying technology of U.S. Amps T-Class™ does not use PWM and is not pure analog. T-Class™
incorporates cutting-edge Digital Power Processing™ (DPP*), a product of Tripath Technologies. DPP
combines the benefits of digital and analog with a completely new approach.
U.S. Amps' T-Class™ amplifiers are among the first to apply this breakthrough technology.
DPP utilizes ultra-high speed digital switching that varies with the amplitude of the incoming signal. At rest,
with no signal input, DPP switches at an incredible 1.5 MEGAHERTZ! (Wow!)
As the signal amplitude increases, the switching frequency of DPP decreases correspondingly, but never
enough to degrade sound quality. DPP maintains an average switching frequency of 600 to 800KHz while
sampling and switching audible frequencies.
This incredible sampling and switching speed gives U.S. Amps T-Class™ amplifiers their full-range
characteristics, and requires a smaller and less restrictive output filter.
22
T-CLASS EXPLAINED - PART 3
TM
T-Class™ amplifiers operate at a much higher voltage than most “Class D” designs, producing more power
into 8 and 4-ohm loads. Correspondingly, the T-Class™ output filter is much smaller than that used with
“Class D”, allowing U.S. Amps T-Class™ to operate into various loads without affecting signal quality or
frequency response in the audible range.
Typically, U.S. Amps' T-Class™ amplifiers have THD+N of less than 0.08% over the full audio bandwidth.
Additionally, U.S. Amps' T-Class™ exhibits ultra-low IHF-IM (high-frequency, inter-modulation) distortion -
less than 0.04%. Low IHF-IM reduces “listening fatigue”, even at excessive volume levels. By any
measure these superb specifications fall within the esoteric realm of audiophile performance.
U.S. Amps' T-Class™ provides power conversion efficiencies of 80% to more than 90%, equal to or better
than “Class D”.
Another amazing but predictable benefit of T-Class™ is its cool operating temperature. When used within
its designed power and load limitations, T-Class™ generates almost no heat. What little heat that is
produced is quickly absorbed by the standard-size U.S. Amps heat sink.
U.S. Amps T-Class™ is the beginning of an audio amplifier revolution. Soon the consumer will have
access to new and powerful products that will fit in confined spaces, require very little power to operate, and
produce incredible full-range digital fidelity.
Like any technology, DPP can be painted as great or terrible, depending on the facts examined, ignored, or
otherwise twisted in some marketing campaign. T-Class™ has a mediocre signal-to-noise ratio (86Db)
when compared to analog amplifiers; due to a certain amount of high frequency “noise” present in the
output content. This high-frequency “noise” is a signature of DPP technology, created by the terrific
switching speeds, and is well above the audible range.
The high frequency content of T-Class™ is extremely tiny, only about 200mv, and impacts harmlessly on
the speaker voice coils. By changing the output filter value it is possible to all but eliminate the switching
noise, but doing so would have a slightly detrimental effect on two T-Class™ benefits, the full-range digital
capability.
Like any other amplifier design, it is possible to distort, or “clip” the output of a Digital amplifier.
What few people understand is that any digital amplifier design, T-Class™ included, loses much of it's
efficiency benefits when it is used outside of it's intended operating range. When a digital amplifier
“clips” or is driven into gross distortion, it starts to act more like a conventional class “A-B” design, both
in power consumption and ugly waveforms.
A big reason that U.S. Amps' conventional class “A-B” amplifiers are successful in SPL competition
against “Class D” products is our firm commitment to power supply technology. Once you exceed the
“clean power” capability of any amplifier, it more or less lies down and lets the power supply do the
work. U.S. Amps power supplies out-work the rest. Our oversized power supplies only enhance the
capabilities of T-Class™ operation.
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BASS MEKANIK Pt-35o
Left Negative
Positive 12 Volts to Vehicle Battery
Left Positive Min.12 Gauge
Rated Power
@ .1% THD:
8 Ohms: 110 Watts
4 Ohms: 175 Watts
Right Positive
Negative 12 Volts to
Right Negative Vehicle Ground. Min. 12 Gauge
Vehicle Ground
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BASS MEKANIK Pt-8OO
AND PT-11oo
Source Unit
LEFT
SPEAKER(S)
Left Left
Pos Neg GND 12V
Pos X REM
PT-800
8 Ohms: 250 Watts @ .05% THD ALWAYS FUSE AT BATTERY
4 Ohms: 400 Watts @ .1% THD
Positive PT-800
PT-1100 12 Volts F 80 AMPS
8 Ohms: 375 Watts @ .05% THD to Vehicle U
4 Ohms: 550 Watts @ .1% THD Battery S PT-1100
8 Gauge E 110 AMPS
Wire
RIGHT
SPEAKER(S)
Right Positive
Vehicle Battery
11 - 15 Volts DC
Right Negative
Negative 12 Volts to
Vehicle Ground. Min. 12 Gauge
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Factory Service:
If you have a problem with your U.S. Amp that requires service you can either take it to the Dealer, who will
send it back to the factory, or you can return it to the factory yourself. If you choose to send it in yourself you
must first get a “Return Authorization” number from U.S. Amps that must be displayed on the outside of the
shipping carton.
U.S. Amps will not accept packages for service that do not display a valid Return Authorization number. We
don’t like the red tape any more than you do, but it’s the only way to keep things straight. There will be a
charge for service unless the unit is under warranty and accompanied by a copy of the sales receipt.
Remember to double box and insure your amp.
Limited Warranty:
U.S. Amps Inc. warrants all manufactured electronic products to be free from defects in material and
workmanship for a period not to exceed TWO YEARS from the date of purchase when installed by an
Authorized U.S. Amps Dealer.
All other units not installed by an Authorized U.S. Amps Dealer maintain a warranty not to exceed 90 days
from the original date of purchase by the original purchaser.
IMPORTANT WARRANTY NOTICE: U.S. Amps Inc. will only warrant and service product displaying valid
U.S. Amps serial numbers. WARRANTY SERVICE WILL ONLY BE PERFORMED WHEN THE UNIT IS
ACCOMPANIED BY A COPY OF THE ORIGINAL SALES RECEIPT. All product returned to U.S. Amps
Inc. for service MUST be accompanied by a Return Authorization Number, issued by U.S. Amps Inc. in
advance of shipment. The Return Authorization Number must be clearly and conspicuously displayed on
the shipping carton or U.S. Amps Inc. will refuse delivery.
Return Authorization Numbers are available by calling (352)-338-1926 between the hours of 9:00am and
5:00pm EST.
This warranty extends only to the original purchaser and is not transferable. Defective equipment must be
returned within the warranty period, freight prepaid, to the U.S. Amps Factory or an Authorized U.S. Amps
Warranty Station. U.S. Amps Inc. will pay return freight on all warranty repairs.
This warranty covers only defects in materials and workmanship of manufactured electronic products, i.e.
amplifiers and signal processors, and does not extend to batteries or other accessories bearing the U.S.
Amps name. Incidents of misuse, abuse, neglect, or unauthorized modification will not be covered within
the terms of this warranty.
U.S. Amps Inc. reserves the right to refuse warranty service under such conditions.
U.S. AMPS INC. WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, WHETHER
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL, RELATED TO THE USE OF THIS OR ANY OTHER
PRODUCT BEARING OR SOLD UNDER THE U.S. AMPS BRAND NAME. USE THIS
PRODUCT AT YOUR OWN RISK. IMPROPER USE OF THIS PRODUCT CAN RESULT IN
PROPERTY DAMAGE, BODILY HARM, AND OR OTHER DAMAGE. U.S. AMPS INC.
ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR YOUR HEALTH OR SAFETY.
Any dispute arising from this warranty, or breach thereof, must be entered in the circuit court of Alachua
County, Florida. This warranty gives you specific legal rights that may vary from state to state.
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NEVER NEVER LAND:
NEVER USE A U.S. AMP WITH A GROUND LOOP ISOLATOR OR AN ISOLATED INPUT SIGNAL.
U.S. Amps are input-isolated at the factory and require an input ground for proper operation.
NEVER USE YOUR U.S. AMP BELOW THE RATED MINIMUM IMPEDANCE. Remember, when you
bridge your amplifier, each channel "sees" one half of the load, hence at 4 ohms bridged each channel is
operating at 2 ohms, which is the minimum impedance for XTERMINATOR models. U.S. Amps makes the
USA Series of 1 ohm stable amplifiers if you wish to bridge into 2 ohms, plus an array of "high current"
products that are purpose-designed to operate at even lower impedances. FAILURE TO OBSERVE THIS
BASIC RULE WILL RESULT IN A SENSELESS WASTE OF POWER AND PERFORMANCE, and could
damage your amplifier.
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OTHER COOL STUFF
Show your U.S. Amps Pride with
your choice of these genuine high quality
American-made accessories. Available
at your Authorized U.S. Amps Dealer, or you
can order factory-direct using the form
on the back of this page
Embroidered
Hats and
Painted Metal
U.S. Amps Emblem
Golf Shirts
w/ Adhesive Back Too!
6.75”L X 2.5”H
Hand-Crafted In Florida, U. S. A.
Prices and specifications subject to change without notice. Copyright 2001 U.S. Amps Incorporated. All rights reserved.
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