DV SPECTROSCOPY

A
T
A 10
Date -
oscopy,
Spectroscopy is the interaction of matter and elechon - magnetic rachation.
These tn radiatia consibles of eliscrele
• package of energy as photons as Eba
here photons have elechic freld s magnetic held which
These
Phone

are perpendicular to each other Principle e UV spectroscopy deals with

absoublia of tu rachata by a molecule causing it to the promotion of
elechon son ground stale (Homo) to excited state (mo).
How it works >
rtangle Beam.
example of single
Souren -
Detector d e Monochanale sample Uu spechophormeter
measmes intensity of light after
passing through sample compares with intensity of light
before passing ruough sample. Ratio Il do is transmitance and
expressed as% Transmetome r

A = -log I toas t
Jo- Incident light

I
beer's lamberts lawy
P
A a b c A = & bo Molar absorbinity
. b- Path length
ca concertatia

or
at

AXC A a b
Possible
Elechone Isansitas
2

ha bado
proudly

Bady

06-6 transitions e Move energy required. Exauple Afloare,

Methane etc
Absorbance above 126 nmia flavee waveleph).
A to At transitias: né in bonds orbital exerted at ant. -
bonde Campad having multiple band show turstype.
Alsorbance
above
170 205 ar.

o n to be transitia.
Atoms have love pan are able to show this type. requnes
less energy un to A transita,
é from nabondig orbital exile, to antibadgn orbital.
Compads hais = = hetero atone like C=OCAN, Show
such kid. Minum energy reqened, Shaw absorbtia at
longer wavelength
use any other
bo lights,

energy as photo
hield si magnetic feld
lates in one
ware
mag radlaha by
Glechomagnetic speehun ic range of allrype of ele radiatia a
speeboscopy is interactia between matters any
so any interach bo how partia of rachatian
spechosopy matlar Cemisia, scattering et called GEM radiation consist of
discrete package of energy
E=h2
photon han electric fields, maon
- Resperdicular to each other tregvery time eleche field radiatia
oscilates ino
- second wareteghchstance b/w two neonest part of wan OV
Spechoscopy involves absorbtice of Elecho Maig rada a
moleule causing it to promotion of elecho from
grondstad to excited state (lomo). GOV
Spectrophotometee measures intensity of light after
pasine through sample compones with intersty light before
passie that sample tatio Illo is transmittance and
exprexed aft
Classificatio of u spechonory (grew or us

Taruv/ Macaul
Near Uviou uv
. vible ! (10-190am)
(190-390um) (390-804) W-C/110-280 nm) dangerous |
Uv-1/280-318 nu) - blarning Q) Choire of Uv Solvent
which does it have cafugated system. solvent which
donot aboub UV sthouse interfere w
UV-A- (315-400 nm) - Tanningrays.

of sample. must be transparent a not toxic you band

maybe diff in diff solvent, an elecha differently
elechome

o
principle lov spectropu
ny other
‫| کاسو‬
greater no

gy as photo netc freld

in
one
wave

absoublia spechoreopgo pectrophotomele works on

bean-lambert law ater no. of molecules cabable of absorbing light,
 enter will be extent of absabria (Bear's law) we path length of
more absoubha, (lambent raw) A-e b c E=molar absobhely
10" high intensity abson
bela lo lowee intesity absabha parts of UV spechophotometers
Grachati source Tungsle filanit (300-2500 un), dentru are
Continori spechu (180-400an), Xenon arc (160-2ooouus a
Derector need to measure intensity of photons by means
of voltage
Song R 1 Single Bean Spechopholmeled Double beam
spech
No Blank here, so no Comparisa is possible Comparson
Grachatica O No adjust, alreadydar.
Tiline. need
to step barbar
1o Easy 8 Time consuming
relako by
s bato him

passing issing though auros I Conus.

10-8ood

ated
( One light beam path from a light from source to
source through to delector monochsonal sput to two.
bean - sample/ referene Possible Electronic Transition 06-6*
pansitian. 6 elections for orbital is excited to anti-bonding
oruited 6 energy required more, Melchane has CH band, 6 s6,
abrabance
nga transition to
fere with
above 125nm,

distribul

es Alkene a
elector in banding orbital is excited to anh bondig na Caupad nang
malaple bad show this type. Alkene absorb 170-205 home non
bonding & trannha.
are able to show m 6tbansitia
arses
ANOIS
fair
love
are
a
Abou
boothe
Ull-A hansiliar
so mo
elechen fru nou bondin excites to anh bandug a ovlital
ampords havis = = hetero afrom Cao, CEN, NEoshi
energy requie, show absorber at longer w
longer wonell
Mininn energy 1300 mm.
equo

May

Anite)
radache
O te we see diff colous as color actuallye Chromophore &
part of moeule capable of impals color callos
Clicomophore, Rinchial Gp naming = bonds Cabale of
abcooling ra above worm due to A-nu n transition
Nor NEO NEN, C=0CEN, C=CC=C etc. I
aro dye, anyl conjugate and group
(Ar-NEN-A) is Chanopus
Abso 9 Configata in a compad shifts the & max towards
introd longer wavelength, las cajugatia me less frequency to
more r wavelength). so Acclone has amas = 275nm 1 ay
coherae onar 7100
ethylene Amar = tllam/ cooolalderyde on 290m Aurochromee
(Assisting groups) Puchaal Gp attached to chcomo phone
which increases ability
Absorba of chromophire to absorb light these have hitte
absorbte by
of ligh
reaves a Penselmes, but have mae effects an absorblic of
chronalphone
Don't have their own such UV, increases UV of
Chromatophore e Cllys Cilych Nihy (drastic effect).
Eleen
re

an
as most
I Na
N
.

rol-max (255) I Tamax gol. 280mm

auxohn

Amad

Absorblia & Intensity shiftse

U Bathochromatic Shift (Red shift). VIBGY OF When
absorbtia maxima (max) of coupad Shift to longer
wavelegh. factors may be presence of aux ochrone, or
by chaye of solventity. In allale medin, p-nibophenol show
rea
ONN- OG
lof coupad
greater a

Shift. O-N
alkate
Bir negahlly chase oxygen delocales more effechty so
more a max.
Hypsochisme Shift (Ble stift)
max shifts towards lower wavelegh, called blue stift!
May be due to removal of conjugatia or by chage of
solvess
More freqeny, less n
lod

Echolar
o
Ht
a
Salt forms and

ande
Conjugatia lost
a Nelore you - get byt
Amat - 28onu
a maka sana
3 Hypa Curonic Effect
Absoublic intensity increases so this, if anxodirne
introduce to compad so intenty of absorbic increase (w)
hypochone effecte
If decrease in absorblian intensity of compad v removal
of auxodune solvet chage & chine

el
Applications of uv spechosopye Our spechoscopy wed
for quantitative delen
Compad which absorb evligul By Beerlambed ia al 2
Defectio of cnknown caupad by comparsan of
aboublica
of one caupened with reference couped (3 can
defamine impurity in sample by company or absophe
Give us general idea about structure of componds can I
fell caggatia O can detene kineties of readia ...
Determinalia of isomers 1 Use in body flich, ink, dougs
if Dekine unsatualia, Chromophores, heteroaton, can
Urspectioscopy useful for detectia of cond-198