IGNATIUS AJURU UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

P.M.B.5047 RUMUOLUMENI, PORT HARCOURT

RIVERS STATE.
AN
ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED BY

NAME: EDWARD PRINCE-DESTINY BRIGHT

MAT.NO: FRESHER

LEVEL: 100

DEPARTMENT: BIOLOGY

FACULTY: NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES

COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE

COURSE CODE: CSC 113

COURSE LECTUERER: DR. CHIEF JAMES PHILIP MICHAEL

QUESTION:
 MS- DOS IS NON-GRAPHICAL COMMAND LINE OPERTING SYSTEM.
DISCUSS
FEB 2023

INTRODUTION
Operating system (OS), program that manages a computer’s resources,
especially the allocation of those resources among other programs.
Typical resources include the central processing unit (CPU), computer
memory, file storage, input/output (I/O) devices, and network
connections. Management tasks include scheduling resource use
to avoid conflicts and interference between programs. Unlike most
programs, which complete a task and terminate, an operating system
runs indefinitely and terminates only when the computer is turned off.
An operating system is the most important software that runs on a
computer. It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well
as all of its software and hardware. It also allows you to communicate
with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's
language. This is the Software that supports a computer's basic
functions, such as scheduling tasks and controlling peripherals.
MS-DOS
MS-DOS is a non-graphical command line operating system derived
from 86-DOS that was created for IBM-compatible computers. MS-DOS
allows the user to navigate, open, and otherwise manipulate files on
their computer from a command line instead of a GUI like
Windows.MS-DOS, in full Microsoft Disk Operating System MS-DOS is
an operating system for x86-based personal computers mostly
developed by Microsoft. Collectively, MS-DOS, it’s rebranding as IBM PC
DOS, and a few operating systems attempting to be compatible with
MS-DOS, are sometimes referred to as "DOS".  MS-DOS allows users to
navigate, open, and otherwise manipulate files on their computer from
a command line instead of a GUI like Windows. Today, MS-DOS is no
longer used; however, the command shell, more commonly known as
the Windows command line, is still used by many users. Most computer
users are only familiar with navigating Microsoft Windows using
the mouse. Unlike Windows, MS-DOS is navigated using MS-DOS
commands. For example, if you want to see all the files in a folder in
Windows, you would double-click the folder to open it in Windows
Explorer. In MS-DOS, you would navigate to the folder using the cd
command and then list the files in that folder using the dir command.
Dos-based or ms-dos-based are terms to describe software or
hardware designed for MS-DOS or run from a line. The MS-DOS
commands are of two types, internal command, and external
command. Internal Command: Internal commands are built-in
commands of MS-DOS, stored in the command interpreter file
(COMMAND.COM). These commands reside in memory if the system is
at prompt (C:\>) level. What type of operating system is MS-DOS?
MS-DOS was the Microsoft-marketed version of the first operating
system (OS) to be widely installed on personal computers (PCs). It was
essentially the same OS that Bill Gates’ young company developed for
IBM as Personal Computer - Disk Operating System (PC-DOS).

TYPES OF MS-DOS
OS was the primary OS to be employed by IBM-compatible computers.
DOS initially had two versions, both of which were relatively identical
but marketed under two different brands. MS-DOS was the framework
behind Windows operating systems up to Windows XP.
Types of MS-DOS
PC-DOS
PC-DOS was a dos version produced by IBM and sold to the primary
IBM-compatible computers.
MS-DOS
MS-DOS was the dos version that Microsoft bought the patent for and
merged with earlier versions of Windows.
The most important part of MS-DOS was the DOS instruction or its text-
based interface, which was alright received by the user.

FEATURES OF MS-DOS
Here are some of the amazing features of MS-DOS.

 MS-DOS is a 16-bit operating system

 You cannot use the mouse in DOS. If you want to perform something,
you must enter the desired command in it.
 It has a maximum available space of 2 GB.


 MS-DOS is a free operating system.

 MS-DOS GUI is a text-based interface that requires text and code to
work with.
 It does not support Visual GUI.
 MS-DOS is a single-user operating system.
 This operating system is a character-based operating system.

THE USES OF MS-DOS

 DOS is very useful for building file management such as, creating,
editing, deleting files, etc.
 Provide Enhanced Security.
MS-DOS COMMAND
MS-DOS are used to interact with the operating system and other
command-line-based software. If you are working on a computer with a
Windows operating system (like Windows 10, 8, 7, etc.) then there is no
need for DOS commands because MS-DOS is not available in windows.
These commands can also be used in Windows with the help
of Command Prompt. These commands are called CMD commands.

THE COMMAND PROMPT

Command Prompt is the input field in a text-based user interface in
Windows. It is an official Windows command processor used to execute
the commands entered in it. A command prompt (cmd.exe) issues
various commands like file management commands i.e. copy/ delete or
troubleshoot windows issues.

DOS PROMPT
The DOS command prompt is an important part of the MS-DOS
command-line interface (CLI). It is the basic setting for the interface,
where the prompt sets the platform for executing command lines of
code. The main function of the prompt is to guide the user where and
how to enter command-line text.

The DOS command prompt was the most well-oriented way to interact
with the personal computer before the innovation of Windows
graphical user interfaces. When the user navigates within the operating
system, other files, directories, and subdirectories may also be added to
the prompt. The common prompt is “C:\”.

MS-DOS ATTACK?
Ms-Dos Attack is a “denial of service” or DOS attack is a type of cyber-
attack used to tie up a website’s resources making it inaccessible to its
intended users by interrupting the device’s normal functioning. DOS
attacks are typically accomplished by flooding or overwhelming. The
traffic to the target that triggers a crash.
An important type of DOS attack is a distributed denial-of-service
(DDOS) attack that comes from distributed sources, like a botnet DDOS
attack.

DOS COMMANDS
Following is a list of important dos commands and what is their
function.

 CHDIR – shows the name or changes the current working directory.

 CHKDSK –verifies a storage volume fixes errors and displays a status
report.
 CLS – The CLS clears the terminal computer screen.

 COMP – Compares any two files or two groups of files to show the
differences.
 COPY – used to create copies of existing files.

 DATE – Display and allow the user to set the system date.

 LABEL – Generate amend or remove the label on a logical drive such

as a floppy disk.
 LOADHIGH and LH– used to uploads a program into the upper
memory area.
 MEM – Displays the total amount of memory usage.
 MKDIR – Used to create a new directory. If the specified parent
directory does not exist,
Command Com
Command com is a port of DOS. It helps to boot the computer and load
the internal DOS command into memory (RAM). It also provides the
PROMT and command line on the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) or simply
monitor.
EXAMPLES OF MS-DOS COMMANDS
 Date and time
 Dir. command
 Pause a directory listing
 View a wide listing of files
 Check for single file
 Check for a group of files
 List files with the same extensions
 Create a file with dos
 Copy a file
 Type a file with dos
 Rename a file
 Create a subdirectory
 Move to a subdirectory
 Moving to the parent directory
 A file into a subdirectory
 List subdirectories
 Delete a single file
 Delete a group of files
 Delete all files in a subdirectory
 Format
 Disk-copy command

CONCLUSION
Character user interface, also known as command-line user interface or
non-graphical user interface, refers to the use of text commands,
managed by a command-line interpreter, in order to communicate with
a computer program. TShe notable difference is that GUI users depend
on graphical elements such as icons, menus, and windows to interact
with the operating system. CLI relies more on text inputs to perform
the operating system functions. GUI stands out being a user-friendly
option, while CLI is more powerful and advanced.
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notion of having a replaceable "command shell" rather than a
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5. ^ Jump up to:a b Jones, M. (2011-12-06). "Evolution of shells in
Linux". developerWorks. IBM. Retrieved 2017-08-01.
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8. ^ SID Users Guide (PDF). Digital Research. 1978. 595-
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