Leereenheid 3
Study Unit 3
Sel strukture
Cell structures
p. (46-51) 44-49
Chapter 3
Section A
Cell structure
Section B
Proteins
Protein secretion p. 64-66 (fig 3-25)
Section C
Protein-binding sites
Study unit 4
Section D
Enzymes and chemical energy
Study unit 4
Section E
Metabolic pathways
Uitkomstes
Outcomes
• Eukariotiese selle • Eukaryotic cells
• Prokariotiese selle • Prokaryotic cells
• Virusse • Viruses
• Hoofonderdele van ʼn sel, • Main components of a cell
• Selkompartemente • Cell compartments
• Sitoplasma • Cytoplasm
• Sitosol • Cytosol
• Intrasellulêre vloeistof • Intracellular fluid;
• Lipied- en proteïenkomponente • Lipid and protein components of
van die selmembraan the cell membrane
Uitkomstes
Outcomes
• Die vloeistof-mosaïekmodel van • Fluid-mosaic model of the
die sel membraan cell membrane;
• Die tipes membraan • Be able to describe and
aansluitings kan beskryf en kan distinguish between the
onderskei tussen die tipes. types of membrane junctions
Sel (1)
Cell
Sel – Klein kamer
Cell – small chamber
Kompartemente, strukture en organelle.
Compartments, structures and organelles
Meeste selle is so klein
– mikroskoop
Most cells are so small
– microscope
2 Klasse selle / 2 Cell classes:
Eukariotiese selle –
Eukaryotic cells –
- Prokariotiese selle –
Prokaryotic cells -
Sel bestaan uit: / Cell consists of:
AKA: selmembraan / cell membrane
Kompartemente - membrane
Compartments - membrane
Sel organel: spesifieke funksies
Cell organelle: specific functions
Binnekant van sel word verdeel in 2 dele
Interior of cell divided into 2 regions:
(1)
(2)
Sitoplasma / Cytoplasm
Sitoplasma = gebied buite die kern.
Cytoplasm = region outside the nucleus
Sel organelle / Cell organelles
Vloeistof wat die organelle omring = sitosol
Fluid surrounding organelles = cytosol
Fig 3-4
Intrasellulêre vloeistof (1)
Intracellular fluid
Sitosol is die grootste intrasellulêre vloeistof kompartement
Cytosol is the largest intracellular fluid compartment
Membrane / Membranes
Vorm die hoof strukturele element in selle
Forms a major structural element in cells
Fluid Mosaic Model - YouTube
Belangrikste funksie:
Most important function:
Ander funksies
Other functions
Funksies / Functions
Klaswerk – Groep van 2
Class work – Group of 2
Vul die funksies van die plasma membraan op
die vloeidiagram in.
Fill in the functions of the plasma membrane on
the flow diagram.
Plasma membraan
Plasma membrane
Plasma membraan
Plasma membrane
Selektief deurlaat- Reseptor vir Anker die sel
Verbind sel aan aan
bare grens chemiese naasliggende ekstrasellulêre
Selectively seine selle matriks van
permeable barrier Receptor of Link adjacent bindweefsel
chemical proteïene
signals cells together Anchor cells
to the
Beheer extracellular
samestelling matrix
van sel en sitosol
Control
composition
of cell and cytosol
Membraan struktuur
Membrane structure
Sel SG bl. 36
Cell
Plasma membraan Sel inhoud
Plasma membrane Sel
contents
Lipiede
Proteïene
Lipids
Proteins
Integraal Perifeer Fosfolipiede Cholesterol
Integral Peripheral Phospholipids Cholesterol
Dubbele laag lipied molekules & proteïene
Double layer of lipid molecules & proteins
Lipiede / Lipids:
1. Fosfolipiede – (1)
Phospholipids –
Fosfolipiede – dubbel laag, nie-polêre vetsure in die middel
Phospholipids – double layer, the non-polar fatty acids in
the middle
Oppervlak van die membraan
Surfaces of membrane
Aantrekking tot polêre water
molekules in ESV & sitosol.
Attraction to the polar water
molecules in the ECF & cytosol
Geen chemiese binding
No chemical bonds
- laterale beweging kom voor
- lateral movement occurs
- lang vetsuur kettings - buig (wiggle)
- long fatty acid chains - bend (wiggle)
Lipiedlaag = buigbaar
- soos ‘n lap, kan vervorm word, maar
kan nie gerek word nie
Lipid layer = flexible like a piece of cloth
that’s flexible, but can’t be stretched.
Selle kan vorm verander
Cells can change form
Cholesterol
Membrane (1)
Membrane positions
Cholesterol – Polêr of nie-polêr / Polar or non-polar? (1)
Polêre deel by oppervlak van dubbele laag geleë
Polar region located at the surface of the double layer
Cholesterol - fosfolipiede en proteïene – clusters: wat dele
van plasma membraan afknyp = vorm vesikels
– lewer inhoud aan intrasellulêre organelle
Cholesterol - phospholipids and proteins – clusters:
pinching off of portions of the plasma
membrane = form vesicles - deliver their
contents to various intracellular organelles
Proteïene / Proteins
2 klasse / 2 classes: (2)
Integrale proteïen / Integral protein
Heg, verbind aan lipiede – kan nie verwyder word nie
- vernietig membraan
Closely associated with lipids – cannot be extracted
- destroying the membrane
Amfipaties
Amphipathic
Fig 3-6
Lateraal beweeg in die membraan
maar sommiges nie
– geanker aan perifere proteïene
(sitosol)
move laterally in membrane
but some immobilized
– linked to a peripheral proteins
(cytosol)
Transmembraan proteïene: (1)
Transmembrane proteins:
kruis die lipied laag herhaaldelik
cross the lipid bi-layer several times
Perifere proteïene / Peripheral proteins
Geleë in die sel (2)
Position in the cell
ES oppervlak: glukoproteïene
EC surface: glycoproteins
Glikokaliks (1)
Glycocalyx
Speel belangrike rol om selle in staat
te stel om met ander selle te identifiseer
(interact)
Plays an important role to enable cells to identify
other cells
Klaswerk – Groep van 2
Class work – Group of 2
Benoem die
komponente
van die
plasma
membraan
Name the
components
of the plasma
membrane
Klaswerk – Groep van 2
Class work – Group of 2
a c
d
b
i
h
Huiswerk
Homework
Verduidelik die struktuur en samestelling van die
selmembraan (vloeistof-mosaïekmodel). (8)
Explain the structure and composition of the cell membrane
(fluid-mosaic model). (8)
Voyage inside the Cell: Membrane – YouTube
Plasma Membrane (song 1) - YouTube
Sel / Cell
Plasmamembraan
Sel inhoud /
/
Cell contents
Plasmamembrane
Proteïene / Lipiede / Nukleus / Sitoplasma /
Proteins Lipids Nucleus Cytoplasm
Sel organelle /
Integraal / Perifeer / Fosfolipiede / Sitosol /
Cholestrol Cell
Integral Perpheral Phospholipids Cytosol
organelles
Hersien
Revise
Wat is die funksies van die plasma membraan?
What are the functions of the plasma
membrane?
Plasma membraan
Plasma membrane
VLOEISTOF MOSAïEK MODEL
FLUID MOSAIC MODEL
Die lipiede - binnekant en buitekant van dubbele laag
verskil – hoeveelheid en tipe
Assimetries = funksioneel belangrik.
The lipids - outer half of bi-layer differ from those on the
inner surface - amount and type
Asymmetric = functionally important
VLOEISTOF MOSAïEK MODEL
FLUID MOSAIC MODEL
Vloeistof mosaïek model (2)
Fluid mosaic model
Plasmamembraan proteïene en lipiede vs.
Organelmembraan proteïene en lipiede (1)
Plasma membrane proteins and lipids vs. Organelle
membrane proteins and lipids
Model for Fluid Mosaic Model – YouTube
Fluid Mosaic Model - YouTube
Membraan aansluitings / Membrane junctions
Plasma membrane: grense
Plasma membranes: barrier
MAAR membrane - ook betrokke by interaksies tussen
selle om weefsel te vorm (vashegting)
BUT membrane - also involved with interactions
between cells to form tissue (junctions)
Meeste selle – is dig verpak in weefsel – kan nie vrylik
beweeg nie
Most cells – are tightly packaged into tissue – can’t move
freely
Maar: spasies in weefsel (3)
But: space in tissue
Kragte wat selle in weefsels laat organiseer
– transmembraan proteïene – integriene: (2)
The forces that organise cells into tissues
– transmembrane proteins – integrins:
Verskillende membraan aansluitings
Different membrane junctions:
Desmosome / Desmosomes
Hegte aansluitings / Tight junctions
Gapings (Nexus) aansluitings /
Gap junctions
S
Desmosome Hegte aansluitings
Tight junction
Gapings aansluitings
Gap junctions
Klasbespreking
Class discussion
Verdeel in groepe van 3
1) Bespreek die struktuur (wat),
volledig
2) Bespreek die funksie, en
3) Bespreek die voorkoms (waar)
van Desmosome
Divide into groups of 3
In full 1) Discuss the structure (what),
2) Discuss the function, and
3) Discuss the place (where)
of Desmosomes
Desmosome
Desmosomes
Digte plate
Kadheriene
Keratien filamente
Funksie?
Waar?
Disk-shaped thick plates
Cadherins
keratin filaments
Function?
Where?
Cadherins Animation 2 – YouTube
Adhesion Junctions Between Cells – YouTube
Klasbespreking
Class discussion
Verdeel in groepe van 3
volledig 1) Bespreek die struktuur (wat),
2) Bespreek die funksie, en
3) Bespreek die voorkoms (waar)
van Hegte aansluitings
Divide into groups of 3
1) Discuss the structure (what),
In full
2) Discuss the function, and
3) Discuss the place (where)
of Tight junctions
Hegte aansluitings
Tight junctions
Versmelt
band (kraag) rondom die sel
Funksie?
Waar?
joined together
occur in band around the cell
Function?
Where?
tight junction leak
Klasbespreking
Class discussion
Verdeel in groepe van 3
volledi 1) Bespreek die struktuur (wat),
g 2) Bespreek die funksie, en
3) Bespreek die voorkoms (waar)
van Gapings aansluitings (Nexus aansluitings)
Divide into groups of 3
1) Discuss the structure (what),
In full
2) Discuss the function, and
3) Discuss the place (where)
of Gap junctions
Gaping aansluitings
Gap junctions
proteïen kanale
proteïene (connexins)
Funksie?
Waar?
protein channels
proteins – connexins
Function?
Where?
Toets jou kennis
Test your knowledge
Concept 4 Practice: Identifying Different Cell-Cell Junctions
Huiswerk
Homework
[Animation] - Fluid Mosaic Model
Desmosome / Desmosomes
Pathophysiology of Intraepidermal Autoimmune Blistering Diseases –
YouTube
Intercellular Junctions.wmv – YouTube
AP Biology: Cellular Communication (Tight and Gap Junctions) -
YouTube
Klaswerk / Class work
Verduidelik die struktuur en samestelling van die
selmembraan (vloeistof-mosaïekmodel).
(8)
Explain the structure and composition of the cell
membrane (fluid-mosaic model).
(8)
Uitkomstes
Outcomes
• Eukariotiese selle • Eukaryotic cells
• Prokariotiese selle • Prokaryotic cells
• Virusse • Viruses
• Hoofonderdele van ʼn sel, • Main components of a cell
• Selkompartemente • Cell compartments
• Sitoplasma • Cytoplasm
• Sitosol • Cytosol
• Intrasellulêre vloeistof • Intracellular fluid;
• Lipied- en proteïenkomponente • Lipid and protein components
van die selmembraan of the cell membrane
Uitkomstes
Outcomes
• Die vloeistof-mosaïekmodel van • Fluid-mosaic model of the
die sel membraan cell membrane;
• Die tipes membraan • Be able to describe and
aansluitings kan beskryf en kan distinguish between the
onderskei tussen die tipes. types of membrane junctions
VRYWARING
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