In Normandy he had replaced disloyal nobles and ducal servants with his friends, limited

private warfare, and recovered usurped ducal rights, defining the duties of his vassals.

To secure his hold on the country, he introduced the Norman practice of building castles,
including the Tower of London.

To secure England’s frontiers, he invaded Scotland in 1072 and Wales in 1081.

he gradually transformed the duchy into the leading political and military power of northern
France. William also imposed a new aristocracy on England that was French in language and
culture;

and the Domesday Book, a great census of the lands and people of England, was among his
notable achievements. the Domesday Book was commissioned in December 1085 by order of
William The Conqueror.

1088 William crushes a baronial rebellion in Normandy led by his uncle, Odo of Bayeux.

1090 William leads an invasion of Normandy in an attempt to subdue his brother, Robert.

1089 William claims Normandy

William used English silver to buy support and lay claim to Normandy. Although he had some
success he was unable to claim Normandy.

1094 William unpopular with the Church

William was very unpopular, especially with the church. He increased taxation and sold church
positions to the highest bidder rather than filling them by appointment. Many church positions
were left empty so that William could take the money they earned for himself.

1091

William II of England sends a fleet to attack Scotland, but it is wrecked in storms off the coast
of Northumberland.

1106 War breaks out between Henry and Robert. Henry defeats Robert at the Battle of
Tinchebray, imprisoned him in Cardiff Castle, and takes control of Normandy.

5/6 Aug 1100 Coronation Charter

ul 1101

Henry I of England negotiates a peace deal with his brother Robert Curthose, Duke of
Normandy

28 Sept 1106 Battle of Trenchbrai

Henry succeeded in defeating Robert Curthose’s smaller army at Trenchbrai. Duke Robert was
captured and spent the rest of his life as his brother’s prisoner. Normandy once again became
part of Britain.

1136 The Earl of Norfolk leads the first rebellion against Stephen starting civil war known as
'The Anarchy'.

1145 Stephen defeats Matilda’s forces at the Battle of Faringdon.

1139 Stephen makes peace with Scotland

To secure peace with Scotland, Stephen ceded Northumberland, Cumberland and

1144-7 Civil War

Civil war between Matilda and Stephen continued with neither side making headway. The war
was conducted through a series of sieges which were generally won by the defenders.

1162 Church Reforms Henry accused the clergy of being too lenient in the
punishment of wrongdoers within their own ranks. He also ordered that appeals to Rome,
which had been allowed by Stephen, were to cease.

Henry made use of juries and re-introduced the sending of justices (judges) on

1171 Henry invades Ireland and receives homage from the King of Leinster and the other
kings. Henry is accepted as Lord of Ireland.
1191 Richard captures the city of Acre, Palestine, and defeated Saladin at Arsuf, near Jaffa

1192 Richard reaches an agreement with Saladin to guarantee Christians safe pilgrimage to
Jerusalem.

1195

Returned to France to fight Philip Augustus for dominions in France

1199

Died in battle, besieging a castle in France.

EDWARD I

Edward was unusually tall for his time, which many considered gave him a intimidating
presence.

Edward initiated war with Scotland.

in 1290, he issued an Edict of Expulsion against the Jews in England at the time.

EDWARD II

he married Isabella of France in 1308 to end tensions between England and France, but
Isabella began to work against him, going on a diplomatic mission to France and returning with
a small army in 1326, led by her lover, Roger Mortimer.

Edward was forced to relinquish his crown to his young son Edward

131 Edward and the English army are defeated at the Battle of Bannockburn by Robert Bruce. Scott
4 independence is assured

EDWARD III

Edward III reigned for fifty years, Crowned aged 14 following his father’s deposition,

In 1337, Edward declared himself the rightful heir to the French throne, beginning the
Hundred Years’ War.

The Black Death struck andseverely reducing manpower as more men were needed for
agricultural jobs back in England.
RICHARD I

Richard II deposition marked the start of one of the most turbulent periods in English history:
the Wars of the Roses. He was grandson of Edward III and inherited the throne in 1377, aged
10

he attempted to lessen the overall power of the aristocracy whilst maintaining a small group of
favourites on whom he became dependent. Richard’s court was lavish and he was a keen
patron of the arts

In 1398, Henry Bolingbroke, Richard’s cousin, invaded England in 1399, Richard was deposed
and Henry crowned king.

Henry IV

29 Sep 1399

Henry Bolingbroke forces Richard II of England to sign a formal document of abdication.

21 Jul 1403

Henry IV of England defeats rebellious barons at the Battle of Shrewsbury. Prince Henry, future
Henry V of England also participates.´<<<<<<<<<<<<<

Feb 1408

Henry IV of England wins the Battle of Bramham Moor against the combined Welsh and English
rebels.

Henry v Henry V 1413 - 1422

1415 Henry renews the war against France in order to win back territories lost by his
ancestors.

1420 Henry marries Catherine, daughter of Charles VI.

Sep 1415

Henry V of England captures the French port of Harfleur.

Henry V of England conquers Normandy.

Henry VI 1422 - 1461, 1470 –

1471.
King Henry VI was 9 months old when his father died. He is the youngest monarch in English
and British history.

When he married Margaret of Anjou, a niece of the Queen of France, Henry gave huge parts of
his French territories to Charles VII.

The rifts in Henry’s kingdoms widened until the Wars of the Roses erupted. Henry was deposed
by the Yorkist faction, and although he was briefly restored in 1470, he lost the crown again
the following year and was killed within the Tower of London on 1471