ITS to Smart Mobility in Korea:
Lessons & Future Direction
2019. 10. 30
Taehyung Kim, Ph.D.
Head, Division for Smart City & Transport
I. Introduction of ITS in Korea
II. Lessons for Future Transport Systems
III. Mobility Revolution: Smart Mobility in Smart City
IV. Smart Mobility R&D and Pilot Project
2
I. Introduction of ITS in Korea
3
Rapid Urbanization & Motorization
• Tremendous increase in the number of vehicles • Traffic congestion, accident, air
and rapid growth of urbanization pollution, and other problems
Thousand
vehicles
Number of registered vehicles
4
Various Policies & Strategies
Construct new roads Reduce Traffic Increase existing infrastructure capacity
• Needs huge amount of cost & time. • Travel demand management • Uses intelligent transportation
• Derive more traffic demand. • Alternative transport mode systems (ITS).
5
ITS Services in Korea
Electronic Fare Payment Service
Advanced Traffic (EFPS) Advanced Public
Management Service Transportation Service
• Electronic Toll
(ATMS) Collection Service (APTS)
• Electronic Fare
• Traffic Flow Control
Collection Service
Service • Public Transportation
• Incident Management Information Service
Service • Public Transportation
• Automatic Traffic Management Service
Enforcement Service
Advanced Traffic
Information Service
ITS Commercial Vehicle
Operation
• Logistic Information
(ATIS) • Basic Information
Broadcasting Service Service Management Service
• Hazard Material
(CVO)
• Traffic Information
Vehicle Management
Management Coordination
Service
Service
• Vehicle Traveler • Safety Driving
Additional Information Support
Service • Automatic Driving
• Non-vehicle Traveler Service
Support Service
Additional Information
Service
Advanced Traveler Advanced Vehicle
Information Service and Highway Service
(TIS) (AVHS)
6
ITS Effects & Benefits in Korea
Improvement Economic
No. of Public Transportation Passengers High–benefit cost ratio $11.8B worth of Social benefits per year
Use only 1% of road
(Thou./day)
11,101 construction costs to Increase travel
11,200
10,997 reduce 20% of traffic jams Speed by
10,844 10,850 B/C for ITS deployment by 15~20%
10,900
10,783 each city : 2.2~6.2
10,554
11,600
10,411
10,224 Effect on Hipass
10,300 Seoul 2.27, Daejeon 5.2,
Tollgate passing time : 14sec to 2 sec.
10,000 Ulsan 4.64, Suwon 2.39,
reduce (improvement of 85.7%)
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Jeonju 2.9, Jeju 6.2
Social benefit : USD 9.6M/year
Safe Convenience Eco-friendly
No. of fatal accidents Citizens Satisfaction Reducing greenhouse gas & oil consumption
(%)
85 Reducing greenhouse gas and oil consumption
79.2 80.0 based on
1,276 60.1% 80
75 74.1 74.3 decrement of traffic congestion and idling
70.6
505 70
Per 1,000km of road covered with ITS
65
59.2 ▶ Annually 19,000 tons reduced
60
55
Through Hipass(ETCS) service
Before After
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2015 ▶ Annually 2.3 tons reduced DOWN
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II. Lessons for Future Transport Systems
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ITS Investment in Korea
Investment cost for ITS deployment
- 1st Stage 2005~2010: 1,184 million USD
- 2nd Stage 2011~2015: 1,183 million USD
- 3rd Stage 2016~2020 (plan): 1,179 million USD
Road ITS
Road Percent
Length Installed
Type (%)
(km) (km)
Express-
4,114 4,114 100
way
National
13,587 2,633 19.6
Highway
City Road 67,788 6,711 9.9
Total 85,165 13,458 15.8
※ Needs huge ITS investment to cover all the roadways in Korea and even more for maintenances in the near future.
9
Transport Challenges
• Increase of traffic congestion even though • Higher traffic fatalities & injuries
continuous ITS investment - Total fatalities (2017): 4,185 persons/year
- Total cost of traffic congestion (2015): 29.0
billion USD (2.13% of GDP)
• Severe air pollution from vehicle emissions
• Inconvenient public transportation
- Independent fare policy & payment system
(ex. independent reservation/ticketing/payment)
- Insufficient investment for vulnerable people
(ex. Demand responsive transit)
10
Public-Private Cooperation on Traffic Information
Public-private collaboration in ITS
• (Early expansion of ITS network) Secure 49,500km of ITS unequipped road by using private services.
• (Budget reduction) Save about 1.2 billion USD to be spent for additional ITS deployment.
• (Focus on safety) Public concentrates on ITS service for safety issues
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ICT Changes Transport
Provide various transport services integrated with ICT
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Direction for Future Transport Systems
Integration of transport & ICT-based infrastructure
Systems to be deployed as Cheaper, Simpler & Easier
Services to be provided for Greener, Smarter & Safer
ICT-enabled Transport Systems Smart Mobility
Connected &
Autonomous Mobility
Electric Mobility
Shared & Flexible
Mobility
Integrated Mobility
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III. Mobility Revolution: Smart Mobility in Smart City
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Cooperative ITS (C-ITS)
• New Paradigm for next-generation ITS focusing on Safety, Mobility, Sustainability.
• Improving Road Safety by V2V, V2I and V2P communication
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Automated Shuttle Service
City Functions Features
Easymile 2getthere
Circulation shuttle • Vehicle: Navya vehicle applied
for employees • Section: Circulating road section in the 2nd
Lyon, France
and visitors in borough
(Navly) industrial complex • Period: Sep. 5, 2016 -
and exhibitor
• Timetable: 7am ~ 7pm, Speed: 20km/h
• Vehicle: Navya vehicle applied
Las Vegas, Transport for
• Section: Fremont St(Las Vegas Blvd. ~ 8th St)
USA tourists and the
• Period: Jan. 11 - 20, 2017
(Arma) public
• Timetable: 10am ~ 6pm, Speed: 20 km/h
WEpods Robosoft
• Vehicle: ParkShuttle vehicle applied
Rotterdam, Last/First Mile
• Section: 1.8km near Rivium business park
Netherlands connection
• Period: Sep. 2008.09. -
(ParkShuttle) transport
• Timetable: Peak hour, Speed: Max 32km/h
Trikala, General • Vehicle: Robosoft vehicle applied
Greece transport pilot • Section: approximately 3km from Trikala
(Robucity) in the city • Period: Nov. 10 2015 - Feb. 29, 2016
• Vehicle: EasyMile vehicle applied
During Housing
Navya Vantaa, • Section: Kivisto station ~ Housing Fair site
IBM-Watson IoT Alliance Finland
Fairs, Last/First
• Period: Jul 10, 2015 - Aug. 10, 2015 Timetable:
Mile connected
(EZ10) transport
Housing Fair operating time, Speed: Max
40km/h
Wageningen • Vehicle: EasyMile vehicle applied
• Section: Wageningen Univ. Campus
Univ. Campus
• Period: Jan. 28, 2016 -
Campus, circulating
• Timetable: Rush hours, in bad weather, except
Netherlands shuttle
for night time
(WEpods) • Speed: Max 25km/h
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Automated Shuttle Service - Pangyo
Pangyo Zero-City Project Overview
Location: area of Geumto-dong, Siheung-dong
Sujeong-gu , Seongnam City
전장(mm) 5150
Area: 426,000 m2 (1st stage: 68,000 pyeong
2nd stage 61,000 pyeong)
전폭(mm) 1850 판교제로시티 내부 노선
Project Period: Nov. 2015~Dec. 2019
- 1단계구간 : 약 1km
(1st stage completion – Dec. 2017
전고(mm) 2700
- 2단계구간 : 약 1.5km
실내고(mm) 1900
2nd stage completion – Dec. 2019)
최저저장고(mm) 150 Owner: Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam City, LH(65%).
측간거리(mm) 3200 SDC(35%)
윤거(전) (mm) 1570
윤거(후) (mm) 1570
공차중량(kg) 2100
판교제로시티 외부 노선
총 중량(kg) 3000
- 시험주행구간 : 약5.5km
승차인원 11
좌석 수 9
위치 전륜
조향장치
타입 ?
위치 후륜
구동장치
타입 15KW AC Motar
전륜 유압 디스크 브레이크
섀시
제동장치
후륜 유압 디스크 브레이크
?가장치
전륜 ? 순항속도 25km/h
후륜 ?
주행거리 5.5km/h
타이어 205/70415
주행시간 30분
가정용 220V콘센트
충전 충전기
+무선충전(완충)
신호등통과 × 15회
타입 리듐이온 72V
구동용
용량 29.8 좌회전 × 4회
전원
자율 타입 리듐이온 48V 우회전 × 2회
주행용 용량 4.4
좌측차선변경 × 9회
안전최고속도 25
최대 10 우측차선변경 × 3회
성능
1회 완충시간 7
터널(육교)통과 × 6회
공조? 냉방/난방
Source : Pangyo Automated Vehicles Exhibition 2017
17
Shared Transport Service
• Reduction of traffic congestion, no vehicle ownership, not many parking spaces needed
One shared vehicle can replace 13 owned vehicles, thereby mitigating traffic congestion and
parking space shortages in large cities
* Won, Dong-ho (2016), “Future of automobile market thru the combination of car sharing and autonomous driving”
It will be possible to automatically transfer the vehicle to the next
user through the app for the smart phone and the addition of the
self-driving function in the future, and the convenience will be
maximized with no need for driving
18
e-Mobility Service
e-Micro Mobility e-Vehicle Automated e-Transit
[Upright type] [e-Bicycle] [e-Motorcycle] [Smart-Mobility] [EV, FCEV, Hybrid] [Automated e-Shuttle]
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On-demand e-Bus Service
Demand responsive bus service by real-time or pre-reservation via
internet or smartphone
Optimal bus routes & stops for passengers who have same departure
times, origins & destinations (e.g., commuting, shopping, etc.)
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Integrated Mobility Service
• Search, reservation and payment services for
transportation through a single smartphone
application
• Improved convenience of using public
transportation and improved mobility by
connecting to first-mile and last-mile
(Frost & Sullivan, 2016)
21
Integrated Mobility Service (cont'd)
‘GO PyeongChang Service’ during 2018 Winter Olympic Games
22
Smart Parking Service
• Real-time parking space sensing
Source : News Vision
• Route guidance based on a reserved parking
space • Automated parking payment
Source : Parkingbak
Source : KOTRA
23
Smart Drone Monitoring
• Real-time control using a drone equipped with LTE-
based navigation system and image transmission
device
• Marine and coastal accident prevention and on-site
response service (Provide information to 119 Rescue
Center and maritime police through the user service
view)
모뎀내장(LTE, 3G)
영상압축 및 전송장치
자료 : http://k-smartcity.kr
자료 : http://k-smartcity.kr
An LTE-based real-time video transmission A real-time video transmission system based on
system that transmits HD live video for local LTE capable of HD video / thermal video
disaster control transmission for day / night integrated control
Source: http://k-smartcity.kr Source: http://k-smartcity.kr
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IV. Smart Mobility R&D and Pilot Project
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National Smart City R&D Program
Vision: realize a data-driven sustainable smart city & improve citizen’s life quality
- Smart City Model and Base Technology Development Project
- 2 Demonstrative Projects for Use Case & Living Lab being Interconnected
26
Smart Mobility Service
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National Smart City Pilot Project
Sejong 5-1 District Busan Eco Delta District
Goal Goal
Livable, workable and sustainable city for human well-being Sustainable city model based upon water circulation and
renewable energy
Key Elements: 7 elements
• Smart Mobility Key Elements: 10 elements
• Smart Health Care • Smart Water
• Smart Education • Smart Energy
• Smart Energy & Environment • Smart Mobility
• Smart Culture & Shopping, and so on • Smart Safety
• Smart Education & Living, and so on
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National Smart City Pilot Project – Smart Mobility
Mobility-as-a-Service Smart Parking
(MaaS) Personal Mobility
AI-based Smart
Signal & C-ITS
Smart Pedestrian
Crossing Automated
Demand Responsive Shuttle
Car-sharing
Transport (DRT)
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KOTI enriches the future by securing harmony
among humans, the environment and transport.
