SOCIAL SCIENCE
UNIT – 1 CHAPTER – 4 (The Age of Industrialisation)
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Choose the correct option:
1. When were the earliest factories in England set up?
(a) 1730s (b) 1750s
(c) 1720s (d) 1740s
2. Who invented the Spinning Jenny?
(a) James Watt (b) Mathew Boulton
(c) James Hargreaves (d) Will Thorne
3. When was the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta set up?
(a) 1912 (b) 1919
(c) 1918 (d) 1917
4. When was the first cotton mill established in Bombay?
(a) 1854 (b) 1856
(c) 1880 (d) 1891
5. Surat and Hoogly were replaced with
(a) Bombay and Orissa (b) Bombay and Calcutta
(c) Masulipatam and Calcutta (d) Calcutta and Madras
6. Who invented the Steam Engine?
(a) James Watt (b) New Comen
(c) Richard Arkwright (d) None of these
7. Who created the cotton mill?
(a) James Hargreaves (b) Mathew Boulton
(c) Richard Arkwright (d) James Watt
8. Which one was the pre-colonial port where sea trade was carried on?
(a) Calcutta (b) Bombay
(c) Orissa (d) Surat
9. Where was the Elgin Mill set up?
(a) Kanpur (b) Ahmedabad
(c) Benaras (d) Mirzapur
10. Why did the Indian industrialists appoint jobbers?
(a) To get new recruits
(b) To get their support
(c) To get their wealth
(d) None of these
13. What is yarn?
(a) Cotton (b) Thread
(c) Wool (d) Bread
14. What made workers hostile to the introduction of the Spinning Jenny?
(a) Fear of war (b) Fear of unemployment
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
15. Which businessman set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in 1917?
(a) Dinshaw Petit (b) Seth Hukumchand
(c) G.D. Birla (d) Dwarkanath Tagore
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. What is the job of a stapler?
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Q2. What do you mean by carding?
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Q3. Name the two most dynamic industries in Britain in the early nineteenth
century.
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Q4. Technological changes occurred slowly. Give one reason.
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Q5. Who manufactured the new model of steam engine?
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Q6. How did historians view a typical worker in the mid-nineteenth century?
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Q7. Why did the upper classes in Victorian Britain prefer things produced by
hand? Give one reason.
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Q8. What did seasonality of work in industry mean?
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Q9. Before the age of machine industries, two goods from India dominated the
international market in textiles. Name them.
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Q10. Who were the gomasthas?
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Q11. Who was the jobber?
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Q12. Who were sepoys?
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Q13. Mention any two advantages of a fly shuttle.
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Q14. What were trade guilds?
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Q15. What do you mean by proto-industrialisation?
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Q16. Which city in England was better known as a finishing centre for textiles?
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Q17. Which was the leading industry in the first phase of industrialisation in
England?
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Q18. After 1840s, great opportunities of employment were opened in England
Give any two reasons.
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Q19. Where did workers in the Bombay cotton industries in 1911 come from?
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Q20. Getting jobs was difficult, even when mills multiplied and the demand for
workers increased. What was the reason behind it?
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Q21. What was the job of a gomastha?
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Q22. When Manchester industrialists began selling cloth in India, they put
labels on the cloth bundles. Why was the label needed?
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Q23. How did Indian manufacturers spread out the nationalist message of
swadeshi?
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SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. "The abundance of labour in the market affected the lives of workers."
Explain this statement in the light of nineteenth century England.
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Q2. How did building activity create new employment opportunities after the
1840s?
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Q3. How were Indian merchants and bankers involved in the network of export
trade before the machine age?
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Q4. How did the European companies establish control over the Indian trade?
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Q5. Why was it difficult for the East India. Company in the 1760s to ensure a
regular supply of goods in India for export?
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Q6. What was the system of advances? How did it affect the life of weavers?
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Q7. Why did frequent clashes occur between weavers and gomasthas?
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Q8. What role did the European Managing Agencies play in the industrial
development of India during the nineteenth century?
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Q9. Why could the British manufacturers not recapture their old position in the
Indian markets after the First World War?
OR
Why could Britain not recapture her [Foreign 2009] hold on the Indian market
after the First World War?
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Q10. Describe how handloom cloth production diy expanded between 1900
and 1940 in India.
OR
What led to expansion in handloom craft production between 1900 and 1940?
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Q11. How did the Indian consumers view the 'Manchester label'?
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Q12. How did the technological inven- otions shape the production system in
Britain? Explain with example.
Or
How had a series of inventions in the eighteenth century increased the
efficiency of each step of the production process in cotton textile industry?
Explain.
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Q13. How did the lives of Indian workers change due to industrialisation?
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Q14. What was the difference between proto-industrialisation and factory
production?
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Q15. How did proto-industrialisation affect the rural peasants and artisans?
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Q16. (i) State the history of the development of steam engine in England.
(ii) Examine its limited use in the early
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Q17. Explain any three causes which led to the decline of Indian cotton textiles
in the early nineteenth century.
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Q18. Name the sea routes that connected India with Asian countries.
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Q19. Explain new problem faced by the weavers in 1850s.
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Q20. What were the advantages of the cotton by mill created by Richard
Arkwright.
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