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Capstone Project-Ivery case study Amazon Logistics

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DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.15385.03687

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 Capstone Project- Ivery case study

Amazon Logistics

RAJ PATEL
TRUPAL PARMAR

18TH AUGUST 2020

Amazon Page 1 of 46
Table of Contents
Executive Summary...............................................................................................................4

Introduction..........................................................................................................................5

Supply Chain Challenges....................................................................................................6

Project Purpose and Objectives..............................................................................................7

Purpose............................................................................................................................7

Objectives.........................................................................................................................7

Deliverables & Scope.............................................................................................................8

Methodology.........................................................................................................................8

Project Work Plan................................................................................................................10

Issues and analysis.............................................................................................................11

Increased shipping cost....................................................................................................11

Higher Dependency on other Logistics Companies.............................................................12

Disruption in last-mile delivery..........................................................................................12

Low focus on Amazon online retail store as compared to Amazon Web Services..................13

Loss of supplies due to Covid-19.......................................................................................14

Improvement Opportunities and Analysis..............................................................................15

Flourishing online grocery sales........................................................................................15

Amazon Prime Air delivery service....................................................................................15

Amazon can expand Whole Food stores and turn into multitasking stores...........................16

Recommended Solutions and Strategies with implementation plan.........................................18

Short-Term solution – Provide Pick-up location to the customer..........................................18

Medium-Term Solutions...................................................................................................19

Improve supplier selection process to improve the authenticity of products.....................19

Improve the efficiency of last-mile delivery....................................................................19

Long-Term strategy- implement JioMart business strategy.................................................20

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 Sustainability...................................................................................................................21

Financial value added.......................................................................................................22

Appendices.........................................................................................................................23

References..........................................................................................................................39

Amazon Page 3 of 46
Executive Summary
"In 1994, Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos that is currently one of the most valuable
companies. Amazon has become a global leader by selling more than a million products."
(Duffy, 2018) In this report, potential issues and future opportunities have identified that
further explained with various analysis tools by considering impact analysis. Finally, solutions
and strategies have evaluated and further demonstrated with individual implementation plans.
Moreover, a description of strategies relating to the development of sustainability and financial
value has illustrated. “The key supply chain challenges online retailers are lack of authenticity of
the product and suppliers, outsourcing of third-party suppliers, increased cost of shipping, and
disrupted quick delivery.” (SCCG, 2020)
The issues we identified are increased shipping cost, higher dependency on other
logistics companies, Disruption in last-mile delivery, Low focus on Amazon online retail store as
compared to Amazon Web Services, and loss of supplies due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Also,
impact analysis with a relative root-cause analysis had assessed. Also, there are different
opportunities have identified for future opportunities that are flourishing online grocery sales,
Amazon Prime Air delivery service, and expansion of Whole Foods to turn into multitasking
stores.
The significant impact of these identified issues and opportunities are late deliveries,
increased cost of shipping, reduced customer satisfaction as well as overall profit. The
objective here is to improve the supply chain by diminishing the impact that decreases the
overall efficiency of Amazon. To solve issues, and to improve opportunity, provide pick-up
location to the customer, improve the supplier selection process as well as last-mile delivery.
To add on, changing business model similar to "Reliance JioMart" helps enhance quick delivery.
Also, sustainability has primarily focused on environmental and social benefits. To improve
environment pillar, implementation of the latest gadgets and electric vehicles increase "the
prediction made by Amazon on carbon reduction." On the other hand, the social pillar should
implement by empowering employees and encouraging their talent, the company's growth
could be increased in the situation of COVID-19. Similarly, the financial analysis and its
improvement have explained by the installation of lockers in various locations including
convenience stores and shopping centers to solve the short-term solution.

Amazon Page 4 of 46
Introduction

"Amazon.com Inc. was founded by Jeff Bezos in July 1994 and it’s headquartered is
located in Washington. The company is known for its online shopping service in the world along
with other services." (Duffy, 2018) "Initially, the company was launched to set to become an
online market for books but expanded its product line to electronics, households, software,
furniture, and lots more. In 2018 Amazon surpassed Microsoft as the most valuable public
company in the world." (Amazon, Who we are, 2020)
"Amazon products and services are not just limited to e-commerce but it has also
started to produce its products. Additionally, Amazon web services contribute a major role in
the company’s growth and success.” (Amazon, Who we are, 2020) The founder of the company
was declared as the world’s richest man in 2018. Amazon has crossed many horizons and since
the company has been founded it has added 30 product categories in its bag from furniture to
electronics." (Cuccinello, 2019) "Amazon's primary products and services are Amazon.com,
Amazon Fresh, Amazon Prime Video, Amazon Music, Fire Tablets, Fire TV, Echo and Alexa,
Kindle, Amazon Flex, and Amazon Web Services." (Amazon, Who we are, 2020) "Amazon Web
Services provides on-demand cloud computing services to individuals, companies, and
governments." (Amazon, Open Data on AWS, 2020) “Apart from this, the company has built
many physical store networks, delivery stations, fresh food distribution networks, fulfillment
centers, and much more.” (Duffy, 2018)
"The company has also invested and started new operations in the supply chain section
and named the venture as 'Global Supply Chain by Amazon' which has feature amazon as a
global logistic provider. It aims to automate and revolutionized the system of supply chain and
eradicate with document handling, freight booking, etc. Therefore, the middleman is no longer
required and the suppliers can directly book with amazon which will have better transparency
and get competitive pricing over others." (Duffy, 2018)

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Supply Chain Challenges
“The difficulty with E-commerce is to implement a fail-safe web-based online
communication system with customers. They want to have real-time visibility over their orders –
track numbers are not enough. Expectations are huge, deliveries must be exactly as per
specification, on-time and, complete. According to a recent Forrester Research Inc. report,
consumers own an average of 4.5 digital devices, and they expect a smooth, consistent
shopping

experience regardless of what device they’re using. E-retailers may be understaffing their
customer service teams, and that can lead to missteps and frustration.” (SCCG, 2020)

“Lack of expertise in e-commerce and the cost of technology tools are creating many
companies to consider outsourcing accomplishment to third-party service providers (3PLs).
Specialized 3PLs focused on e-commerce are more likely to often have material handling tools,
systems, and expertise to process online orders more efficiently. Each has its own strength
based on its delivery network and hub locations. The main issue is a contract with one
dedicated logistics company or uses two or more? There are some risks in both options; having
multiple delivery vendors may increase costs due to idle time but it means there is a backup
service. According to the Forrester report “retailers, master logistics will command a market
advantage through faster, more reliable customer delivery experiences”. (SCCG, 2020)

Amazon Page 6 of 46
Project Purpose and Objectives (Raj)

Purpose
Objectives
 Discover the solution for issues which obstructs the growth of Amazon’s logistics services.
 Devise strategies and solutions for the sustainability of the supply chain.
 Learn the utilization of various tools and procedures that aid supply chain
 Evaluate insufficiencies regarding diverse Amazon’s freight forwarding service.
 Develop and implement every recommended action related to supply chain disruption.

Amazon Page 7 of 46
Deliverables & Scope

The project scope and deliverables have described in appendix 1. The project scope
statement involves the determination of the end goal by considering the project deliverables,
functions, and tasks. Here, we have determined tasks by considering them as in-scope and out-
of-scope.

In-Scope:

 outcomes of every challenge face by Amazon

 Suggest the improvements for Amazon's supply chain and Do growth analysis

Out-of-scope:

 Amazon's research and development in terms of marketing and promotions

 Statements and news regarding upcoming products and

services Project deliverables:

The key project deliverables are beginning from identifying the issues related to
Amazon's supply chain to the submission of the reports. In between these major deliverables,
discussion about history and growth, opportunities analysis, and solutions found have
discussed. The description of the details deliverables with described tasks can be found in
appendix 1.

Methodology

The six-sigma methodology is a measurement-based strategy that looks at process

improvement through defined projects. This project has approached to solve the supply chain
problem face by Amazon with the help of the DMAIC process. DMAIC Process is the problem-
solving approach that drives Lean Six Sigma. However, control process has not analysed here.
It features five Phases:

 Define: Design goals that are consistent with customer demands and the enterprise
strategy.

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 Measure: Identify characteristics that are critical to quality, measure product
capabilities, process capability, and measure risks.
 Analyze: Analyze stage help to develop and design alternatives
 Improve: The implementation plan is drawn up of how the improved process might
introduced.
Additionally, by research and assessing every possible solution as well as findings we will
come up with the different tools which are indicated below.
Tools to be used:
o SWOT Analysis
it is a compilation of the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
The primary objective of a SWOT analysis is to help organizations develop a full awareness of
all the factors involved in making a business decision.
o STEEPLE Analysis
STEEPLE analysis is a strategic management method that is used to examine the
external factors affecting the growth and performance of an organization.
o Product Life Cycle
It is a strategy that offers support to service organizations in enabling them to realize
their gross revenue potential.
o Cause & Effect Diagram and C/N/X Analysis
The tool calls for the collection of historical data, analysis of data and then
systematically eliminating causes of defects by using various problem-solving techniques.

Amazon Page 9 of 46
Project Work Plan

Project Work Plan is a better way to display primary deliverables. It constitutes the
deliverables from the beginning of the report to the submission of the report. Additionally, the
deliverables have put with the Gantt Chart in appendix 2. Also, the primary and most important
deliverables are listed as follows.

 Identify and state purpose and objectives with the scope of the project.
 Identification of issues and opportunities by doing various analyses.
 Evaluate solution and strategies from identified issues & opportunity
 Draft report and presentation submission and Final submission.

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Issues and analysis

1. Increased shipping costs

2. Higher dependency on other Logistics Companies
3. Disruption in last-mile delivery
4. Low focus on Amazon online retail store as compared to Amazon Web Services
5. Loss of supplies due to Covid-19 pandemic

Increased shipping cost

“Amazon Prime established in 2007, which provides a one-day delivery membership
program to Amazon Prime subscribers.” (Staff, 2020) In addition to increased shipping costs,
prime membership has a direct association with it. “In 2018, Amazon prime subscribers reached
more than 100 million that brought high demand for products to ship.” (Duffy, 2018)

Various causes affect the increased shipping cost,

 “Implemented Business-To-Business prime, free shipping on eligible orders for businesses
that creates sudden demand. Therefore, Amazon needs to request 3rd party logistics
providers to ship their products.” (Website, 2020)
 “Every product has different dimensions. Therefore, while shipping in containers it is very
difficult to manage space which ultimately affects transportation costs.” (Donnelly, 2020)
Goods handled by Amazon are ship through the distribution centers that include the cost to
manage the distribution centers and pay wages to employees.

Impact Analysis

“Amazon’s shipping cost raised to a whopping $8.1 billion from $6 billion in the year-ago
quarter. An increase in shipping cost could reduce the marginal benefits and give short term
bearish opinion towards Amazon stock.” (Chhatwal, 2019)

“Shipping costs are higher expense contributors for Amazon, but the reasons behind
high costs are also a positive impact on the company. Amazon built various fulfillment centers
in the past years. It is now watching to develop its delivery service by decreasing the
dependency on UPS, FedEx, and other shipping partners. The subscription incomes have been
rising quickly for the past few quarters. A good delivery system is key to achieving and holding
more subscribers. With the launch of one-day delivery, Amazon should see another hike in the

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subscription revenues as the importance of Prime membership progress. This should be a big
boost for Amazon.” (Chhatwal, 2019)

The cause and effect analysis with C/N/X analysis can be seen in appendix 3.
Additionally, 5-Why analysis in terms of product return is done that can be seen in appendix 4.

Higher Dependency on other Logistics Companies

“Amazon is dependent on other logistics providers such as UPS and FedEx.” (Richter,
2017) “Amazon prime deliveries can not keep up with the demand for shipping in holidays.”
(Herrick, 2019) "Additionally, UPS or FedEx was unable to deliver the parcel to the customers
on Amazon’s required period. Therefore, Amazon lost millions due to delivery issues and
refunds.” (Duffy, 2018)and Amazon failed in customer satisfaction during the busy seasons.

“Amazon encroaching to 3rd party logistics providers” (Duffy, 2018) that may affect the sharing
portion of margin.

Impact Analysis

“The Amazon has been reliant on third-party logistics’ service providers for ensuring on-
time delivery to its users. Dependency on the third-party service providers has had its influence
on Amazon’s market in terms of delivery costs, the timing of delivery, and customer
satisfaction. The shipping costs of Amazon were $11.5 billion, $21.7 billion, and $30 billion in
2015, 2017, and 2018, respectively. The constant rise in shipping costs has acted in Amazon
trying to control the end-to-end processes for the delivery of its goods.” (M, 2020) PLC analysis
is explained here and the analyzed picture can be seen in Appendix 5.

Disruption in last-mile delivery

“Last-mile delivery explains the delivery to the customers within a day.” (Duffy, 2018)
Amazon has been struggling to find a solution for last-mile delivery utilization that includes,
utilized cost and on-time delivery. Amazon’s concept of prime membership disturbs the shipping
patten. “The only available alternative for Amazon is 3rd party services. Though they are
providing on-time delivery but take a large portion of margin from the overall profit.” (AUTHOR,

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2020) Period of delivery of product from distribution center to customer determines customer
satisfaction as well as the intensity of product return.
The fishbone diagram is explained factors affecting last-mile deliveries which can be found in
the appendix 6. Additionally, according to C/N/X analysis, there are various noises that are
identified. As we cannot remove or solved these noises, it is better to focus on experimental
and constant factors. The noises are environment conditions including, weather conditions, risky
road, environmental aspects, etc.

Impact Analysis

“If Amazon would not able to deliver the product on time then, it may be losing its business
because rivals such as eBay already figure it out the same day last-mile delivery option by eBay
express” (Khan, 2017)

Low focus on Amazon online retail store as compared to Amazon Web Services
“Amazon creates revenue from its Prime membership and Amazon web services. It
would be difficult for Amazon to keeping up its E-commerce growth because its rivals such as
Walmart and E-bay are aggressively entered in E-commerce business.” (Gaus, 2019) Though
Amazon is focusing on the whole e-commerce sector, the primary focus has not established
correctly. Currently, "Amazon is focusing on the development of the store with no check-out
required." (Amazon, About Amazon Go and Amazon Go Grocery, 2020) Amazon is focusing on
automation and advances retail technologies to compete with large stores like Walmart.
Moreover, “Amazon Web Services is primary source of income to Amazon that gets primary
focus because of having number of clients for cloud support. Among many customers,
Coursera, McDonald’s, Honeywell.” (Containers Customer Stories, 2020) “Amazon is more
focusing to provide the most excellent service to these clients rather than concentrating on
logistics development.” (Cuccinello, 2019) the SWOT analysis to evaluate and find an
association with a specific issue – ‘Bidirectional growth’ is set out in appendix 7.

Impact Analysis

“E-commerce is taking a bigger share of retail sales — about 13% last year — but
Amazon continues to take a larger cut of that share for itself, accounting for almost 42% of U.S.

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online sales last year, according to data discussed by Internet Retailer Editor-at-large Don Davis
Wednesday at IRCE.” (O'Shea, 2018)

If Amazon would not be focusing on its specific categories in e-commerce such as

fashion and more then it would be difficult to take more market shares again because rivals like
eBay and Walmart aggressively focus on specific sectors in e-commerce.

Loss of supplies due to Covid-19

“COVID-19 is the most important issue for every supplier all over the world because of a
shortage of supplies. Also, supplies from China stopped fulfilling products that create huge
demand for supplies.” (Matt Leonard, 2020) Currently, as a pandemic is not affecting every
logistics providers, few manufacturing facilities are yet to open. “Amazon has applied specific
restrictions on its items and quantity of purchase. i.e. in India, delivery of the non-essential
product had stopped in the beginning." (Emont, 2020) “A Shipping delay is the current issue as
supplies got disrupted. The reason for this late delivery of the product is because of the high
demand for online shopping with having fewer resources to fulfill it” (Paler, 2020) The issue
analysis is listed in the appendix 8.

Impact Analysis

“The change sent Amazon sellers many already facing other confusions caused by
Covid-19 scrambling to find new approaches to get their products to consumers. Freight
times have begun growing, from as little as 24 hours to weeks or more, according to a
precipitous decline in sales. People are not going to want to order items when they won’t ship
for a month.” (Thompson, 2020)

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Improvement Opportunities and Analysis
Flourishing online grocery sales
"The impact of COVID – 19 has created an opportunity for amazon and increased its
sales in the online grocery sector reaching three times the figures gained last year. Also,
Amazon has more than 500 grocery stores and it’s been increasing the grocery delivery
capability by nearly 160% with increased pick-up location during the second quarter. This
situation gives Amazon a chance to expand the online grocery sector. To add on, this immense
growth provides an opportunity to widen the business in the sector of fresh vegetables and
fruits." (Brown, 2020)

Impact Analysis

The growth of Amazon online grocery gives freedom to every customer who wants to
shop groceries from home. Additionally, the “fast-forwarding logistics service plan for the United
Kingdom will increase customer satisfaction because of quick delivery. It will be benefited to
business as well as freight forwards that they will get the opportunity to expand their business.”
(Smithers, 2020)

“Amazon growth of online supermarket is changing the way to do grocery shopping.

Especially for United Kingdom, Amazon has plan to invest $1.5tr to capitalize the grocery
delivery to ship every shopped grocery to the doorsteps of customer. Other than that, Amazon
is focusing on specifically logistics and fast delivery. There is different type of shipping
methods with respect to hours to deliver. For instance, the cost for delivery for one-hour
delivery and two-hours delivery is £3.99($6.92) and £6.99($12.13) for order under
£40($69.40).” (Smithers, 2020)Analyses of the opportunity is explained with Product Life Cycle
analysis. It is explained below and PLC analysis is explained in appendix 9.

Amazon Prime Air delivery service

"Amazon considers as an innovative company because of the latest innovation Amazon
is focusing on." (Amazon, About services, 2020) "Prime air delivery is an excellent example of
innovations. This Prime Air delivery is a shipping service made by drone delivery. Prime air is a
future delivery system that focuses on package delivery more safely with minimum time."
(Amazon Prime Air, 2020) This service reduces the intensity of late delivery faced by road
transport delivery service. Road transport has flaws in facing traffic and the worst road

Amazon Page 15 of
conditions that are not in the case of drone delivery. "Amazon implemented drone delivery in
2016 in England by focusing delivery within 30 minutes from Prime Air fulfillment center to the
customer's desired location. Especially for drone delivery, Amazon has a Prime Air fulfillment
center which is focusing on the proper packaging of products." (Amazon Prime Air, 2020)

"Amazon develops drone that is automated and works fully automatic. There is no
requirement of a drone operator that is an immense success for Amazon Prime Air. These
drones are self-driving and only need the location of delivery. The inbuilt Global Positioning
System (GPS) and self simulation provide a location-based service to locate the customer house
and deliver the package." (Amazon Prime Air, 2020)

Impact Analysis

Amazon Prime Air is important in the perspective of future growth of fast delivery as
well as improve last-mile delivery. Also, Amazon drones have limitations to flown into no-GPS
location. Currently, "the done service is developing in the direction of deep learning and all-
onboard computation. This technology helps to operate drones into GPS-denied areas."
(Philippe Martin Wyder, 2019)

The development of drones in the direction of delivery in the countryside without having
GPS is an advantage or Amazon. To add on, "drones are self-driven having an accuracy of
driving through the small area with higher precision than before." (Philippe Martin Wyder, 2019)

Amazon can expand Whole Food stores and turn into multitasking stores
"Amazon acquired Whole Foods company for $13.7 billion to connect two leading
brands as both companies are a customer-focused brand." (Banker, 2019) "Partnering with
Whole Foods will allow Amazon to expand its multichannel contribution and further enhance the
customer experience. Currently, Amazon is now facing the challenge of seasonality: 33% of
annual sales are made in the fourth quarter of the calendar year." Invalid source specified.
"To stock up and maintain inventory, Prime Whole Food app does the perfect job. Additionally,
there are different two-color labels to identify the difference in groceries. i.e. telltale blue and
yellow stickers to identify between organic grocery and grass-fed beef." (Banker, 2019) These
systems are helping Amazon to grow food stores faster and deliver products accurately.
Moreover, “coloration of Prime and Wholefood provides quality food to customers on time. This

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allows getting a 10 percent discount to every Amazon Prime member. To add on, Prime
customers get selected free delivery in selected ZIP codes.” (Foods, 2020)
Impact Analysis
“Amazon and Whole Foods collaboration attracts new customers by omnichannel
strategy. This brings more customers than usual Brick-And-Mortar strategy. Usually, Walmart
and other online stores use the Brick-And-Mortar strategy which is focusing on sending
groceries to customers. Whereas, Amazon uses an omnichannel strategy which is focused on
various channels. This includes delivery to various stores, customers as well as the collective
retail market.” (Stanca, 2018) This creates an opportunity for Amazon to have a strong
customer base with on-time delivery.
Whole Foods and Amazon Prime service open the doors of successful logistics as well
as customer satisfaction. They can provide better delivery to every customer including retailers,
stores, and customers because of the implementation of omnichannel. Logistics will be
improved as focused on quick delivery for everyone with a discounted price.” (Stanca, 2018)
(Foods, 2020)

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Recommended Solutions and Strategies with implementation plan

Short-Term solution – Provide Pick-up location to the customer

Possible short-term/ immediate solutions to increased shipping costs are to offer
customers to pick up their items from a designated pick up point or to impose delivery fees.
Imposing delivery fees on items will help to offset high delivery charges. If the customer
agrees to pick up the item, they can be offered a discount. “This discount can motivate
customers to utilize this option and they can use those savings towards purchasing more
items.” (M.Carpente, 2008)

The impact of these solutions includes saving money on the company’s shipping
charges, which will ultimately lead to increased profit. and reduces the dependency on third-
party logistics companies. Furthermore, by having a central pickup point for customers,
amazon is reducing its transportation cost as there is no longer need to go to each household
for delivery. The fulfillment center has to dispatch the products to only one location, reducing
the chance of sending the package to an incorrect address. The third-party vendors can also
send the packages directly to the pick-up point rather than to the fulfillment centers. This will
increase the manpower efficiency as well as productivity at the fulfillment center.

This solution is relatively easy to implement because imposing delivery fees would only
require minimal software changes and does not have any infrastructure requirements. However,
creating a central pickup point would require route changes and bringing third-party vendors
onboard. These pick-up points may be formed by partnerships with local businesses or by
building a pick-up point.

From a customer point of view, these changes may be seen as negative because it is
now costing customers more money to purchase items from Amazon and it may be
inconvenient for the customer to go to the pick-up locations. Furthermore, the creation of the
pick-up points has large initial costs for the company. It may also be difficult to bring third-party
vendors onboard. The negative impact of implementing this solution is the difficulty of achieving
the anticipated benefits within expected time frames. The implementation plan with scheduled
implementation and the responsible individual is posted in appendix 9.

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Medium-Term Solutions:
Improve supplier selection process to improve the authenticity of products
The process to satisfy customers by proving authentic products has a direct link with the
Supplier selection process. “Quality of product as well as out of stock inventory.”
(ecommercetips.org, 2020) To have a better supplier selection process, Amazon should set
proper criteria to select a supplier. Every supplier has an individual price for the product.
Moreover, the “supplier selection process needs to improve in terms of quality of product and
inventory provided. The purpose should be to satisfy the customer by fulfilling their demand
with authenticated products to build a long-term relationship.” (Garfamy, 2018) Though
Amazon is using different verification processes by the use of machine learning, sellers provide
non-reliable and unauthentic products.
The solution to improved supplier selection process brings numerous benefits from
customer satisfaction to reduced frequency of returns. The potential advantages could be,
 Increases customer satisfaction
 Reduce cost related to product returns
 Reverse logistics could be improved if fewer products have returned
 equal price for the same products sold by the different supplier could be achieved
Contradictory to the positive effect of improved supplier selection process, there are
negative effects that are also present. Period to select the best supplier could take more time
than the usual process to select suppliers. Also, the latest updates and changes in policies make
the process lengthy. To implement the selection process of the supplier, a responsible person as
well as a period to implement is necessary. However, considering every detail that helps to
implement the plan has created and have put into appendix 10.

Improve the efficiency of last-mile delivery

In Amazon, once a package left one of Amazon's huge warehouses, the organization
had limited control over the status of that last mile of service.

“Amazon carried things into its hands regarding two years ago and invested massively
and should more in future in improving its distribution flows to ensure greater position control
right to consumers' doorsteps. Those investments, involving electric-powered delivery vans,
drones, sidewalk robots, and partnerships with third parties, have met with varying levels of

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progress. Amazon should Achieve its medium-term goals by aggressively implementing its
strategies such as smart tools, electric equipment.” (Scannell, 2020)

“The demand for Amazon delivery services from its e-commerce site and Whole Foods
has skyrocketed during the COVID-19 pandemic as users explore methods to get goods
without going to their houses. It created more demand for last-mile delivery and Amazon get
the chance to implement its medium terms strategies earlier.” (Scannell, 2020)

While some distribution systems are too new to give comments on, what's certain is
that Amazon's delivery service policy is sure to have ripple outcomes across the supply chain
and transport industry. Amazon could focus on customers' doorsteps delivery as a medium-
term goal to achieve success in the long-term. The implementation plan is created for the
medium- term which can be seen in appendix 11.

“However, Amazon needs to invest billions in the functions of doorstep delivery. Amazon
already invested 31 billion North America and planning to invest more by the year 2022.
Amazon's investment to sustain its role in the last mile delivery market, however, is converting
more expensive. In its third-quarter earnings report the company said it invested $1.5 billion in
its one-day transportation lead, which company officials said they hope will replace the two-day
Amazon Prime membership business. The $1.5 billion figure is twice what the company spent in
last year's second quarter. Then, in its fourth-quarter call, Amazon said it spent another $1.5
billion on its one-day delivery initiative with plans to spend another $1 billion in this year's first
quarter on the program. The cost of giving last-mile services considered for 41% of the overall
supply chain expenses, which is twice any different section including warehousing and
parceling, according to the record.” (Scannell, 2020)

Long-Term strategy- implement JioMart business strategy

“Amazon is primarily focusing on delivering the product from warehouse to customer. This
business model is most suitable for standard shipping. People who are not using Amazon Prime
are suitable customer segments for Amazon's traditional delivery service.” (Aazon, 2020), the
Amazon Prime customer is paying for two-day delivery which should be fulfilled. Therefore,
improvement in the business model or adding a new strategy is essential for customer
satisfaction as well as reducing the complexity of last-mile delivery.

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“JioMart owned by Reliance plays a vital role to improve the efficiency of last-mile delivery.
JioMart is a virtual store that gives the experience of convenience shopping by selling to have a
wide range of products from fresh groceries to pet food to household cleaning.” (Reliance,
2020) “Similar to Reliance’s JioMart, Amazon should implement the strategy of shipping
products from neighborhood shopping stores to house.” (Digital, 2020) Amazon should focus on
neighborhood stores, wholesale markets as well as specialty stores instead of big retailers.

The model should implement as a separate service or Amazon Prime specialty service. If
Amazon segregates various membership according to the period of delivery, it would be
benefited to them financially. For instance, except Amazon's standard shipping service and
Amazon Prime, quick delivery membership provides an additional financial profit. The detailed
implementation plan is posted in appendix 12.

Sustainability
"Amazon is developing its supply chain network to fulfill its customer’s needs and deliver
the parcels within the desired duration. Additionally, Amazon is also focusing on sustainable
business for its customers and the planet by reducing carbon emissions by 2040. To improve
sustainability, the affirmative development of Amazon Prime Air provides a positive impact."
(Amazon, Amazon Sustainability, 2020) (Philippe Martin Wyder, 2019) “In addition to it, these
gadgets help to achieve the goal of the fastest delivery. For example, Drones are part of the
strategies which will work on electric power and video recording of the delivery also possible by
a camera. Amazon is planning to purchase a million electric vehicles which can be a
revolutionary step for Amazon.” (Philippe Martin Wyder, 2019)

Secondarily, the social pillar of the sustainability of the Amazon has explained with
improvement needed. “During the COVID-19 emergency, Amazon added 175,000 new jobs to
support the customer's demand for primary commodities. Also, Amazon is helping with the
World Health Organization, providing excellent cloud technologies and technical expertise to
trace the virus, understand the disorder, and strongly hold its range." (Amazon, Amazon
Sustainability, 2020) These situations should be implemented to create an opportunity to collect
data and implement a new concept to develop logistics for the future. The STEEPLE analysis is
posted into appendix 13.

Amazon Page 21 of
Financial value added
"Shipping costs which include sortation, and delivery centers and transportation costs
were $27.7 billion and $ 37.9 billion in 2018 and 2019" (Amazon, Annual Report, 2019) "As the
exact break down of the transportation costs is not available from the Amazon financial results,
we can assume considering the high costs involved that the Amazon will be able to save a
considerable amount of money by implementing the short term solution of the customer
picking up their products from the pickup point. As regards to the putting up the pickup points,
the pickup hubs/lockers can range from $6000 to $20,000 depending upon the size of the
lockers. "Amazon can further reduce this installation and acquiring costs by making a strategic
partnership with the convenience stores or other chain stores as this will increase the foot
traffic to these stores where the lockers will be located.” (Lunden, 2017) It can also do the
coloration with the cities to install the pickup lockers at the train stations or bus stations as it
will give ease of picking the stuff to the citizens and reduces carbon footprint which gives
demonstrate the commitment of local cities towards the green environment.

Amazon Page 22 of
Appendices
1. Scope and Deliverables

PROJECT SCOPE STATEMENT

Project Name Amazon’s Supply Chain solution

Project Deliverables

Identify the key Group Meetings

issues with Amazon’s
supply Chain We will do the virtual group meetings with Zoom App and discuss the key issues
which disrupt the Amazon’s Supply Chain.

Brainstorming

Every group member will read the case study and note the key issues, brainstorm
various issues with each other.

Research about the Group Participation

Amazon including
history and growth In group, divide different duty between team members by using Asana App.
Each area would be researched by each member of the team.

Everyone can understand details with reference to Amazon. It includes how, what,
where, why to do the business.

E-commerce platform

Use of e-commerce by Amazon to growth its business. Identify importance of e-

commerce in Amazon.
Amazon cover almost every area in the market and all products became one touch
away.

Discuss Amazon’s
dependency on other UPS and FedEx
logistics companies
UPS and FedEx are major rivals of Amazon in the matter of providing logistics.
Amazon needs to determine and assign logistics service to UPS and FedEx to deliver
parcels to their customers. It is a million-dollar business that Amazon outsource due
to high demand of orders.
Facilities and network

UPS and FedEx have huge logistics and Supply Chain network around the globe.

They have warehouses, medium of transport, reliable name in market and more.

Amazon Page 23 of
 Discuss in group Amazon’s own supply Chain
about opportunities
for Current Amazon expect to develop its own supply chain network, therefore, Amazon doesn’t
development of need to rely on other providers.
Amazon’s Supply Group meeting about review
Chain Discuss in group about what are the current situation of Amazon’s supply chain
according to case study and research.

Note all the solutions

Identify the key
In group meeting, note various solutions considered and evaluated by individual
possible solutions and
team member.
require actions
form possible key solutions after discussion and review them with team.
Finalize the solutions

Prepare a Final Report Collect all the paperwork

Collect individual report from team members and prepare one final report by
considering format given by professor.

Asana App would provide affirmative solution to Assign the work.

Each member has to consider and revaluate final document as per responsibility
divided by Asana App.
Review the Final Report

Review the Final Report and do corrections if required in group meeting.

Submit the Final

Report
Submission before Due Date
Submit the Final Report into given location before Due Date.

Presentation

Present the Final Report to the Professor.

Project Exclusions

 College Library provides the useful insight for Research work

 Professor will give the guidance in between the progress of the project.

Amazon Page 24 of
2. Project Work Plan
2.1. Project Work Plan Deliverables

Amazon Page 25 of
2.2 Project Work Plan Gantt Chart

Amazon Page 26 of
3. Increased shipping cost (Cause and effect analysis with C/N/X analysis)

3. 5-Why analysis for Increased shipping cost

Increasing shipping cost

Profit margin divided with third party logistic

Amazon appointed third party logistic provider to ship the products

To fulfil higher demand of two-days delivery/ Amazon Prime delivery

Non-developed logistics

Amazon Page 27 of
 4. Product Lifecycle Analysis for higher dependency on other Logistics Companies

(kfknowledgebank, 2020)

Introduction Growth Maturity Decline

“Amazon acquires the “Amazon grew Amazon allowed third- “Amazon has numerous
market as an online continuously from it party sellers to sell the resources,
bookseller company, stared as an online products on its website. technologies, and
but it added more bookseller to an E- Amazon receives sources still in busy
products continuously commerce or Tech millions of orders every seasons such as Black
on its website and company.” (Amazon: day. “Amazon has more Friday, Christmas, and
became a giant online The Making of a Giant, than 200K sellers on its more it wasn’t able to
E-commerce company.” 2019) “Amazon sales website. Amazon has deliver products on
(Amazon: The Making were rapidly increasing, competitors like time because Amazon
of a Giant, 2019) and the company was Walmart but it’s still deliver the products
Amazon continuously making good profits way behind to Amazon through UPS and FedEx
upgrades itself and from it. The company in E-commerce.” and they were not able
became popular among reached almost all (Duffy, 2018) to handle millions of
the customers. products from kitchen orders.” (Herrick, 2019)
to industry, parts to “Amazon got the
products.” (Amazon, motivation to develop
About services, 2020) its supply chain and
Amazon took help from logistics network to
other logistics firms for save its lost in these
delivery. Amazon seasons. Amazon needs
became the platform to work on it and
for a third- party seller. improve its logistics to
satisfy the customers in
busy seasons.” (Duffy,
2018)

Amazon Page 28 of
 5. Cause and effect analysis for disruption in last-mile delivery

Amazon Page 29 of
6. SWOT analysis for bidirectional growth

STRENGTHS WEAKNESS
 “The brand benefit of Amazon keeps  “Amazon doing many businesses such as
back buyers due to its wide variety Amazon Web Services as well as Amazon
of products.” (Amazon, About Prime but for E-commerce, Amazon need
services, 2020) to do more focus on it because only some
 “Amazon's choice is the option that categories like electronics, baby products
sorts out goods with full of inventory are more rewarding for them.” (Amazon,
with its references.” (Duffy, 2018) About services, 2020)
 “Third-party dependency shifts  “In holidays, Amazon is lacking research
inventory hazards to third regarding forecasting of their inventory
party suppliers.” (AUTHOR, and inventory demand.” (Duffy, 2018)
2020)
OPPORTUNITY THREATS
 “Various payment systems help  Other e-commerce companies are
Amazon to have customer satisfaction.” focusing on specific categories of
(Help & Customer Service, 2020) products, therefore they can focus on their
 “Amazon has better advantage with provided products better than Amazon,
privacy and security of customers For example eBay, Alibaba, etc.
because every data is store in Amazon  “Cost reduction by other competitors
Web Services cloud.” (Amazon, Open create potential competition and Amazon
Data on AWS, 2020) loses it because of managing number of
services and products.” (Kumar, 2006)

Amazon Page 30 of
7. SWOT analysis for disruption in last-mile delivery

Strength Weakness
 Amazon is e-commerce company  “Amazon Prime delivery disrupted
provides shipping of product online that by means of late delivery as well as
means no physical contact to customer. higher cost product.” (Paler, 2020)
 “Demand of products increased  Lack of inventory and supplies from
significantly.” (Paler, 2020) manufacturers and sellers.
 “Amazon have less delivery time as
compare to it’s competitors.” (Reuters,
2020)
Opportunities Threads
 “Customers are preferring to by  “Unlike Amazon, competitors like
product online because of pandemic Alibaba and eBay are giving surety
risk.” (Emont, 2020) to provide products but with
 Similar to Amazon products, Amazon possible delay.” (Reuters, 2020)
Prime video have better opportunity  “Customers retention would be
to grow in lockdown. difficult because of rivals like
 “Sympathy from people as well as aid Walmart who fulfil demand quickly.”
from government can be gained as (Greene, 2020)
Amazon donated millions of dollars in
the Covid-19 vaccine research.” (Duffy,
2018)

Amazon Page 31 of
8. Product lifecycle analysis Flourishing online grocery sales

Introduction Growth Maturity Decline

“Amazon started its – Since the online “As per records of “The potential of online
online groceries in the grocery and another 2019, only 4% online grocery has always
year 2007 it was related service that grocery sales been an eye-catching
initially launched for amazon is providing is projections place the for amazon and has
prime members in still currently in the number will be also seemed profitable
selected cities and growth stage and there increasing to 10% by as the results on the
started from Seattle” are many aspects of the year 2025” (Brown, fiscal year the online
(Page, 2020) and “in the industry to be 2020). “Whereas 17% groceries has seen a
2017 the company covered. “The of users have used the big boost and these all
purchased Wholes company's success and online grocery store in early results as the
Foods, and recently it growth so far doubled 2018 and it has sector is still in the
launched Amazon Go in fulfilment of grocery increased to 37% in process to fire
convenience and orders in Quarter 4 of 2019. Hence the worldwide the grocery
currently they are the year 2019. Also, the maturity of the sector is orders with a
scattered in 25 sales of 2019 were far and the opportunity combination of both
different locations.” nearly $6.15B and also and growth for this Amazon Fresh and
(Yashayeva, 2020). the fastest-growing sector will have a close Whole Foods Market
category on Amazon. watch by amazon.” doubled in the Quarter
And its share of grocery (Duffy, 2018) 4 year by year.”
is 23.7% of (Redman, 2020)
eCommerce sales for
the grocery category.”
(Yashayeva, 2020)
Meanwhile, COVID- 19
has struck the globe it
has also been an
opportunity and also an
increase in sales of
online grocery. (Brown,
2020)

Amazon Page 32 of
 9. Short-term implementation plan- Provide Pick-up location to customer

10. Medium-Term Solutions for- Improve supplier selection process to improve authenticity
of products

Amazon Page 33 of
 11. Medium-Term Solutions for- Improve the efficiency of last-mile delivery

12. Long-term implementation plan for- implement JioMart business strategy

Amazon Page 34 of
 13. STEEPLE Analysis

30 plus store categories and more than 90 cloud service categories at AWS
Social Technological Environment Economical Political
Amazon offered its one-day delivery services to more than 5000 Cities and towns.
Legal
Dash Button Technology
Artificial Intelligence name Alexa where is features with 30,000 skills.

Amazon Air is carrying out cargo operations and the venture is said it has a sustainable fuel of 6 Mil

Amazon has reached his highest level ever with $702 billion
that 57 million households in United States paid $99 US Dollars

Initiated Public Website

Challenges in the labor sector

Safe and healthy environment is maintained through an automated process

Ethical

Amazon Page 35 of
 14. Amazon e-commerce value stream mapping (Fundamental)

15. Amazon e-commerce flow chart mapping

16.

Amazon Page 36 of
Team Project Log

Responsibility Metrix

Raj Trupal Mustafa Ramnik

Compilation Tool Expert Leader Project log Complier
Power-Point Lead Meeting Coordinator Report Lead SWOT ANALYSIS
ASANA Coordinator
team 1 for research team 2 for research
*research will be done in small team and than it will be with whole team.

Name Tools
Ramnik Jain Swot Analysis
Raj Patel Cause and effect
Trupal Kumar Product Life Cycle
Mustafa Bharmal Steeple

Team log- weekly

Amazon Page 37 of
Team log - Daily
Member
DATE EAM MEMBER/ TEA ` CoordinatorHRS Allocated Categories
responsi
7th July Class Meeting with Professor and form team Team Professor 2
8th July Class Team formation and Role allocation Team Professor 1
Discuss in class for role
Team Team Professor 1
allocation(Breakout
Room)
9th July Individually Case study overview reading Team - 3
with team R
1st Meeting on zoom to create project log
11th July Team Team Raj 1
and team charter M
Finish documentation individually (everyone's
Individually Team - 1 D
own opinion)
12th July Team Team charter begin (Informal meeting) Mustafa Raj 2 M
Project log submitted T&R Raj - S
13th July Individually Compile documentation Raj Raj 2 D
14th July Individually submit Team charter Mustafa Raj - S
Class Meeting for new Team Professor 2 A
15th July Class learning Team Professor 0.25 A
Individual group meeting with Professor 1
16th July Team Team Raj M
Meeting on Zoom for discussion and to
Team clarify upcoming work Team Trupal 2
Discuss for queried regarding upcoming topic M
17th July Individually (Informal work) Team - 3 D
18th July Individually Begin individual classified work T & R Raj - DR
19th July Individually Documentation received Ramnik Raj - DR
20th July Individually Documentation received from Ramnik Raj Raj 3 D
Proofread and Do correction
21st July Class document Team Professor 2
received A
Individually Class to learn Value strim Diagram and Raj Raj - DR
decide tool experts
Team Log received and Compile
2nd July Class Learned different tools and its Team Professor 2 A
uses
Individually Mustafa Raj - DR
Received Introduction
Individually Raj Raj 3 D+S
Compile and submit assignment#2
23rd July Team Meeting with Team for work distribution Team Trupal 1.5 M
24th July Individually Begin documentation Team - 3 D
25th July Individually Find and evaluate issues and finalize it T & Raj 3 R
Submit Issues R T Raj - DR
26th July Team Meeting for general & R Trupal 1 M
27th July Individually discussion Finish issues with Team Raj 4 R
Individually analysis T & Raj - S
28th July Class Submit Issues and analysis final document R T Professor 2 A
individually Learn new topics and discuss on queries & R Raj 2 R
individually Opportunity work begin Team Raj 3 D
29th July Class compile project log Mustafa Professor 2 A
meeting for project status and
individually tools Ramnik Raj 1 D
30th July Individually discussion Team Raj - DR
Do correction in issues and analysis
Received opportunities and analysis Raj
@10.40
Mustafa
PM
Individually Submit assignment #3 Raj Raj - S
31st July Team Meeting with Team for work distribution Team Trupal 1 M
1st Aug Individually Research on solution and strategies T&R Raj 3 R
2nd Aug Team Start doing implementation plan Trupal Raj 1.5 R
3rd Aug Team Start doing implementation plan T&R Raj 3 D
4th Aug class attend regular class Team Professor 2 A
5th Aug class group meeting with professor Team Professor 0.25 A
write every problems noted by professor/
Team Team Professor - DR
ask for extra meeting
6th Aug Team work distribution to team Raj T&R 1 R
7th Aug Individually Project Purpose and Objectives corrections Raj Raj 2 D
Individually Deliverables & Scope corrections Trupal Raj 2 D
8th Aug Individually Introduction correction Mustafa Raj 2 D
Individually Methodology correction Ramnik Raj 2 D
Individually Supply Chain Issues and Analysis corrections Raj T&R 4 D+
Improvement Opportunities and Analysis
9th Aug Individually
Individually Proposed Implementation Plan created Mustafa
Trupal TT&&RR 34 DD
created
Individually solution for future opportunities Mustafa T&R 4 R
Individually Sustainability finish and Trupal T&R 3 R + D + DR
10th Aug Team received Practice presentation Team T & 0.25 A
11th Aug Team Individual meeting with professor Team R 0.25 A
Team Markup every mistakes of Team Professor 0.25 A
12th Aug Individually presentation Start formatting the Team Professor 4 D
assignment Raj
13th Aug Individually T&R 4
Remove unnecessary and wrong portions of R+D
Raj
14th Aug Individually report Team 3 R+D
Individually Distribute corrections amid teammates Team Raj 2 R+D
Distribute presentation work Raj
15th Aug Individually
compile andby correct individual part
teammates Team Raj 2 D
submitted
16th Aug Individually Final correction of assignment T&R Raj 6 D
17th Aug Individually Finalize the report and proofread it Raj Raj 4 R+D
Individually Do presentation's corrections Mustafa Raj 2 R+D
18th Aug Team Submit report as well as presentation Raj Raj 1 S
Team Final presentation (5 team) Team Professor 0.25 A
19th Aug Team Final presentation (4 teams) Team Professor 0.25 A

Amazon Page 38 of
Amazon Page 39 of
 References
 The reason why we chose the following references because it has retrieved from various
webpages of Amazon’s official website- Amazon.com. Therefore, there are negligible
chances to have biased or manipulated information.

Amazon. (2020). About Amazon Go and Amazon Go Grocery. Retrieved from

www.amazon.com:https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=G
WDXYUM9SFHE35KD

Amazon. (2020, 08 08). About services. Retrieved 08 08, 2020, from www.amazon.com:
https://www.amazon.com/b?ie=UTF8&node=12767011011

Amazon. (2020). Amazon Sustainability. Retrieved 08 04, 2020, from

sustainability.aboutamazon.com: https://sustainability.aboutamazon.com/

Amazon. (2020, 08 08). Open Data on AWS. Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from
ws.amazon.com: https://aws.amazon.com/opendata/?wwps-cards.sort-
by=item.additionalFields.sortDate&wwps-cards.sort-order=desc

Amazon. (2020, 07 20). Who we are. Retrieved 07 20, 2020, from

www.aboutamazon.com: https://www.aboutamazon.com/who-we-are

Amazon Prime Air. (2020). Retrieved from www.amazon.com:

https://www.amazon.com/Amazon-Prime-Air/b?ie=UTF8&node=8037720011

Containers Customer Stories. (2020). Retrieved from aws.amazon.com:

https://aws.amazon.com/containers/customers/

Help & Customer Service. (2020, 08 08). Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from www.amazon.com:
https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=201894900

Staff, A. A. (2020, 08 07). Amazon Prime. Retrieved from

www.aboutamazon.co.uk:
https://www.aboutamazon.co.uk/innovation/amazon-prime

Amazon. (2019). Annual Report. Amazon. Retrieved 08 01, 2020.

Aazon. (2020). How Are Shipping and Delivery Dates Calculated? Retrieved from www.amazon.ca:
https://www.amazon.ca/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=201910120

Amazon Page 40 of
  Wall Street Journal is USA’s reputed journal. We chose Wall Street Journal as our source
because of its authenticity and quality content. There are rare bias present to manipulate
stock price.

Amazon: The Making of a Giant. (2019). Retrieved 08 03, 2020, from

www.wsj.com: https://www.wsj.com/graphics/amazon-the-making-of-a-giant/

Emont, J. (2020, 03 17). Amazon Prioritizes Medical Supplies, Household Staples From
Merchants Amid Coronavirus. Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from www.wsj.com/:
https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-prioritizes-

 Forbes is

Banker, S. (2019, 06 25). How Amazon Changed Whole Foods. Retrieved from
www.forbes.com: https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevebanker/2019/06/25/how-amazon-
changed-whole-foods/#6d4b6e7678dd

Cuccinello, H. C. (2019, 10 01). Jeff Bezos Through the Ages: The World’s Richest Person in Photos.
Retrieved from www.forbes.com:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/hayleycuccinello/2019/10/01/jeff-bezos-forbes-400-
photos/#580d5e487d18

 Investopedia

AUTHOR, S. (2020, 04 13). Amazon’s Challenges in Delivery. Retrieved 08 09, 2020, from
www.investopedia.com: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/020515/why-amazon-
needs-dump-ups-and-fedex-amzn-fdx-ups.asp

Page, V. (2020, Feb 2). How Amazon Fresh Works. Retrieved from Investopedia:
https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/052015/how-amazon-fresh-works.asp

 .srg

Brown, M. (2020, Jul 31). Amazon online grocery sales triple in second quarter. Retrieved from
Supermarket News: https://www.supermarketnews.com/online-retail/amazon-online-grocery-
sales-triple-second-quarter

Amazon Page 41 of
  srg

Chhatwal, R. (2019, September 30). Higher shipping cost hit Amazon Stock. Retrieved from
investorplace.com: https://investorplace.com/2019/09/impact-of-higher-shipping-costs-on-
amazon- stock/#:~:text=Increase%20in%20shipping%20cost%20can,bearish%20sentiment
%20toward s%20Amazon%20stock.&text=This%20includes%20a%20higher%20proportion,its
%20retail%2 0platform%20and%2

 ad

Donnelly, K. (2020, 08 07). Shipping Problems? Get 10 Fixes to the Most Common Fulfillment
Challenges. Retrieved from www.shopify.ca: https://www.shopify.ca/blog/122517253-most-
common-shipping-problems

 aefe

ecommercetips.org. (2020, 08 07). 3 Problems with Amazon Inventory Management – And

Their Solutions. Retrieved from ecommercetips.org: https://ecommercetips.org/3-problems-
with-amazon-inventory-management/medical-supplies-household-staples-from-merchants-amid-
coronavirus-11584447888

 dfg

Duffy, R. (2018). AMAZON.COM: SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT. Ivery Publication, 19.

 Vvdvsvs

Foods, W. (2020). Prime at Whole Foods Market. Retrieved from www.wholefoodsmarket.com:

https://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/amazon

 E5y

Garfamy, R. M. (2018). Supplier selection and business process improvemenst. Autonomous

Unibersity of Barcelona.

Amazon Page 42 of
 Aef.

Gaus, A. (2019, 01 06). Amazon's 5 Biggest Challenges in 2019. Retrieved 08 08, 2020, from
www.thestreet.com: https://www.thestreet.com/technology/amazon-key-challenges-for-2019-
14825146

 Srf

Greene, J. (2020, 07 30). Amazon’s virus stumbles have been a boon for Walmart and Target.
Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from www.washingtonpost.com:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/07/30/amazon-struggles-coronavirus/

 Afea

kfknowledgebank. (2020). Product lifecycle analysis. Retrieved 08 12, 2020,

from kfknowledgebank.kaplan.co.uk:
https://kfknowledgebank.kaplan.co.uk/business-
strategy/strategic-analysis/product-lifecycle-analysis

 Fwegw

Khan, M. A. (2017). Taking the Amazon battle to last-mile delivery seriously . Retrieved from
www.retaildive.com/: https://www.retaildive.com/ex/mobilecommercedaily/taking-the-amazon-
battle-to-last-mile-delivery-seriously

 Adfe

Kumar, N. (2006, 11). Strategies to Fight Low-Cost Rivals. Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from
hbr.org: https://hbr.org/2006/12/strategies-to-fight-low-cost-rivals

 Srgrg

Lunden, I. (2017, 07 27). Amazon launches ‘The Hub’, parcel delivery lockers for apartment
buildings. Retrieved from techcrunch.com: https://techcrunch.com/2017/07/27/amazon-
launches-the-hub-parcel-delivery-lockers-for-apartment-buildings/

 Ddgsrgs

M, G. (2020, February 23). Amazon’s Expansion as a Logistics Service Provider. Retrieved

from www.beroeinc.com: https://www.beroeinc.com/article/amazons-expansion-logistic-
service- provider/
Amazon Page 43 of
 Vdsv

M.Carpente, J. (2008). Consumer shopping value, satisfaction and loyalty in discount retailing.
Science Direct, 358-363. Retrieved 08 08, 2020

 The supply chain drive is also very famous for the market's news research. The information
which is many years old can also be found in it. It a part of the Drive website.

Matt Leonard. (2020, 02 13). Retrieved 08 02, 2020, from

www.supplychaindive.com: https://www.supplychaindive.com/news/suppliers-
outside-china-coronavirus/572287/

 The retail drive is also very famous for the market's news research. The information which is
many years old can also be found in it.

O'Shea, D. (2018, June 7). Amazon still dominates e-commerce, but others have room to grow.
Retrieved from www.retaildive.com: https://www.retaildive.com/news/amazon-still-dominates-
e-commerce-but-others-have-room-to-grow/525177/

 CNBC is the world-famous market's website. the important information regarding

Amazon definitely found here.

Paler, A. (2020, 03 15). Amazon says it is out of stock of household items and deliveries are
delayed due to coronavirus demand. Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from www.cnbc.com:
https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/15/coronavirus-amazon-says-items-out-of-stock-deliveries-
delayed.html

 Blogs are also a source of information, people share the information, knowledge which they
have, or the current scenario. As per reliable blogs, the journal is one of the choices among
all websites.

Philippe Martin Wyder, Y.-S. C.-C. (2019, 11 18). Autonomous drone hunter operating by deep
learning and all-onboard computations in GPS-denied environments. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225092

 Supermarket News is the website for retail market updates. all the deals on grocery, current
seasons grocery, and more information are available here. The business of retail keeps in

Amazon Page 44 of
touch

Amazon Page 45 of
 with supermarket news and as Amazon steps into the grocery business, it would be a valuable
source of information regarding Amazon.

Redman, R. (2020, Jan 31). Amazon finishes strong fiscal year with lackluster physical-store
sales. Retrieved from Super Market News: https://www.supermarketnews.com/retail-
financial/amazon-finishes-strong-fiscal-year-lackluster-physical-store-sales

 The retail is the front website of The Economic Times. it published only market news about
the current situation of markets, deals between companies, new adventures from any
companies, and more.

Reuters. (2020, 03 04). Alibaba's AliExpress warns of possible coronavirus delays. Retrieved 08
07, 2020, from etail.economictimes.indiatimes.com:
https://retail.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/e-commerce/e-tailing/alibabas-
aliexpress-warns-of-possible-coronavirus-delays/74468195

 Business insider is famous for market news. its focus always on the stock market. if
something happens which would be affected by the market then that news comes up
on business insider.

Richter, W. (2017, 06 22). Amazon is encroaching on an industry that's key to its success.
Retrieved 08 08, 2020, from www.businessinsider.com:
https://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-stock-price-logistics-companies-couriers-ups-
2017-6

TechTarget is the publisher for specifics sectors or targeted sectors. it a reliable source of any
updated information.

Scannell, E. (2020, 04 20). Amazon bets big on last mile delivery service improvements.
Retrieved from searchaws.techtarget.com:
https://searchaws.techtarget.com/feature/Amazon-bets-big-on-last-mile-delivery-
service-improvements

 The supply chain consulting multinational group is an experienced company in the business
world. it has many experiences in logistics operations. the challenges of the supply chain
are the best explained by them.

Amazon Page 46 of
SCCG. (2020). E-commerce supply chain challenges – who is pulling the strings? Retrieved from
sccgltd.com: https://www.sccgltd.com/archive/e-commerce-supply-chain-challenges-who-
pulling-strings/

 The Guardian is a reputed international newspaper and in its articles, all the information is
based on truth and reality. All the editors have deep experience in journalism. The world
can trust the Guardian because of its continuous reliable sources.

Smithers, R. (2020, 07 28). Amazon plans big expansion of UK online grocery service. Retrieved 07
29, 2020, from www.theguardian.com:
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jul/28/amazon-plans-big-expansion-of-uk-online-
grocery-service

 IVEY business school allow their undergraduate student of business school to write an article
of the current business environment. Out of many articles they publish a few of them in public
after checking all the parameters of that Article. Students put lots of hard work behind the
research and its trustworthy. Young minds can think or analyze differently so it's valuable to
take some information from it.

Stanca, E. (2018, 04 09). AMAZON & WHOLE FOODS: THE EVERYTHING STORE FOR EVERYONE.
Retrieved from iveybusinessreview.ca: https://iveybusinessreview.ca/6294/amazon-whole-
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 Wired is the office page for newsletters, magazines, articles of specific categories that we
are looking for. Thousands of subscribers believe in it and its writers. They released a
newsletter after deep research about the news and explain it from its roots so it's easy to
understand it.

Thompson. (2020, March 23). Amazon’s New ‘Essential Items’ Policy Is Devastating Sellers. Retrieved
from www.wired.com: https://www.wired.com/story/amazon-essential-items-policy-devastating-
sellers/

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  Amazon's business is the official third-party website of Amazon. Because of its
Amazon's website we can trust it and get valuable information about amazon and in
detail.

Website, A. (2020, 08 07). Get the best of Amazon Business. Retrieved from
business.amazon.com: https://business.amazon.com/en/find-solutions/business-prime

 Stella Rising is the foremost marketing and media agency for active, high-growth customer
brands, and service companies. Stella is too quick for its breaking news and keeps an eye
on every movement in the market.

Yashayeva, R. (2020, Feb 27). Infographic: All About Grocery On Amazon. Retrieved from
STELLARISING: https://www.stellarising.com/blog/grocery-on-amazon-infographic

 The time now is the reputed news website in India. Its business page covers all the
movements of the Indian economy as well as the international market movement. it focuses on
the ground report from the market.

Digital, E. N. (2020, 05 25). Reliance rolls out JioMart – Here’s all the information you need about this
e-commerce venture. Retrieved from www.timesnownews.com:
https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/article/reliance-rolls-out-jiomart-here-s-all-
the-information-you-need-about-this-e-commerce-venture/596607

 Jio-mart is the new adventure of Reliance Industries and its business model can be
an opportunity for Amazon.

Reliance. (2020). About Us. Retrieved 08 01, 2020, from

www.jiomart.com: https://www.jiomart.com/about-us

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