UNIT 11: THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH

PSYCHOSOCIAL CONCEPT OF HEALTH

TRANS OUTLINE ● Regard health as both a biological and social
I. DEFINITION OF HEALTH
phenomenon
a. Concept of Health
● Takes into consideration the following factors:
b. Biomedical Concept of Health
c. Ecological Concept of Health ○ Social
d. Psychosocial Concept of Health ○ Psychological
e. Holistic Concept of Health ○ Cultural
II. DEFINITION OF ILLNESS ○ Economic
III. DEFINITION OF SICKNESS ○ Political
IV. DEFINITION OF DISEASE
V. Three Perspectives: Disease, Sickness, and HOLISTIC CONCEPT OF HEALTH
Illness ● Synthesis of all the other concepts •
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Recognizes the strength of:

○ Social
○ Economic
○ Political
○ Environmental
● Well-being as a whole
● Emphasis is on the promotion and
preservation of health
DEFINITION OF HEALTH
● State of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being and not merely the absence of
disease and infirmity (WHO)
● Understanding of the concept of health is the
basis in health care
CONCEPT OF HEALTH
● Biomedical Concept
● Ecological Concept
● Psychosocial Concept
● Holistic Concept
DEFINITION OF ILLNESS
BIOMEDICAL CONCEPT OF HEALTH
● Merely the absence of disease ● subjective state of a person who feels not to be
● If the person is not sick, he is considered well
healthy ● a broad term that defines the poor state of
● Human body = machine mind, body, and spirit.
● the general feeling of being sick or unwell
ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT OF HEALTH ● ambiguous symptoms
● Ecologists viewed health as a dynamic ● “I feel ill”
equilibrium between the human body and the ● Illness refers to the presence of a specific
environment disease, and also to the individual’s
● Disease: maladjustment between the human perceptions and behavior in response to the
body and the environment disease, as well as the impact of that disease
on the psychosocial environment.

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 DEFINITION OF SICKNESS THREE PERSPECTIVES: DISEASE, SICKNESS, AND
● Condition of being ill ILLNESS
● Sickness is related to a different phenomenon
which the social role a person with illness or
Sickness Disease
sickness takes or is given in society, in
different arenas of life Social & cultural
● "You look sick" conceptions of this Underlying pathology
● Sickness refers to state of social dysfunction condition
.
Cultural beliefs and
DEFINITION OF DISEASE
reactions such as fear or Biologically defined
● Suffering rejection
● Curse
● Punishment for sins These affect how the The practitioner’s
● A channel to better understand patient reacts perspective
● The human body’s capabilities, interactions,
Covers what is
and limitations considered a disorder The illness seen in terms
● Medicine has studied disease in terms of: suitable for medical of a theory of disorder
○ Disturbance of bodily homeostasis treatment
○ Morphological changes of internal
organs Illness
○ Morphological changes in tissues and
A person’s subjective experience of their symptoms
cells
○ Irritation of organs and their actions, What the patient brings to the doctor
reactions (physiological)
○ Invasion of the body by an external
contagion
○ Genetic alteration
● The doctor says, “You have a disease.”
● The term disease literally means “without
ease” (uneasiness), when something is wrong
with bodily function.

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 UNIT 12: The Calling of the Healthcare Provider
Emotional Stability
● Can handle stress, traumatic
TRANS OUTLINE situations, suffering, and death
I. The Calling of the Healthcare Provider
● Is able to work without allowing stress
II. Qualities of a Healthcare Provider
to cause serious personal harm
a. Effective Communication Skills
b. Emotional stability
Self-Respect
c. Self-respect
● Proper regard to the dignity of one’s
d. Flexibility
character or profession
e. Good attention to details
f. Good interpersonal skills ● Appreciation of one’s obligation
g. Physical Stamina
h. Problem-solving Skills Flexibility
i. Ability to Respond Quickly ● Willingness to work long periods,
j. Respect for Others overtime, night shifts, and even on
k. Empathy holidays
l. Compassion ● Willingness to accept other
III. Virtues of a Healthcare Worker responsibilities
a. Fidelity
b. Humility Good attention to details
c. Compassion ● Understands every step
d. Justice ● Careful not to make any error
e. Courage
f. Prayerfulness Good interpersonal skills
IV. Role of Healthcare Professionals ● Works well with different people
V. Rights of Healthcare Professionals ● Works well in a variety of situation
VI. What are Patients
a. patient’s rights Physical Stamina
b. patient’s responsibilities ● Strong physical endurance
VII. Personalizing the Healthcare Profession ● Able to endure long hours of work
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● Able to perform taxing duties

The Healthcare Profession Problem-Solving Skills

● A special calling ● Think quickly
● Service characterized by a trusting and caring ● Address problems even before they
relationship which arise
● There is a trusted caring service between the
health care provider who offers help and a Ability to Respond Quickly
dependent patient who needs and receives it ● Always prepared to respond to sudden
incidences
Qualities of a Healthcare Provider ● Can respond quickly to emergencies

Effective communication skills Respect for Others

● Includes speaking and listening ● Respect people
● Follow directions without problem ● Respect rules
● Can talk easily to patients and families ● Heedful of confidentiality requirements
and understand their needs ● Considerate of other cultures and
traditions

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 ● Respects wishes and decisions of ● willingness to fight for patient's rights
patients
Empathy
● Ability to understand Prayerfulness
● Ability to identify with another person’s ● inclination to seek God
feelings ● prays for encouragement, strength, and
consolation
Compassion
● Sensitivity
Without virtues, the delivery of healthcare is just a
● Willingness to assist other people
business contract… with virtues, it becomes a covenant of
● Promote patient’s well-being
trust.
● Help improve patients’ health
outcomes
● Help enhance patients’ well-being Role of Healthcare Professionals
● Improve the quality of patients’ ● play a central and critical role in improving
relationship access and quality health care for the
population
● provide essential services that promote health,
Virtues of a Healthcare Worker prevent diseases and deliver health care
services to individuals, families and
Fidelity communities based on the primary health care
● keeping the promise of being a patient approach
advocate
● provide competent care Rights of Healthcare Professionals
● avoid conflicts of interest ● basic individual rights, including the civil,
constitutional, and statutory rights as a person
Humility ● right to considerate and respectful behavior
● recognizing one's capabilities and from the patients and to be free from
limitations harassment and abuse
● respecting patient's autonomy ● right to protect ourselves from physical attack
● willingness to accept suggestions from ● right to register a complaint about a patient,
colleagues and to pursue that complaint through the
hospital system or in a court of law without
Compassion ● right not to be required to put patients life,
● willingness to sacrifice for others their physical health, or the health of their
● genuine concern for the sufferings of families at risk
others ● right to reasonable access to the tools needed
to perform the duties of their position
Justice ● right to sufficient personal time during the
● constant will to give what is due to work shift to keep hydrated and nourished as
others needed
● offering needed
treatments/interventions What are Patients
● fairness ● Patiens (Latin) : one who suffers
● rightfulness ● Persons receiving medical care/treatment
● Persons under health care
Courage ● Out-patient
● doing what is right without undue fear ○ one who is hospitalized for less than
● being true to one's calling without fear 24 hours

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 ● In-patient ● Personalized health recommendations
○ one who is confined overnight or for an ● Personalized online therapy
indeterminate time in the hospital ● Personalized delivery of health services and
results

Patient’s Rights
● Under the principle of autonomy:
○ The patient has the moral right to
determine what is good for himself
○ Right to self-determination
● Under the medical context:
○ right to informed consent
○ right to informed decision
○ right to informed choice
○ right to refusal of treatment

Patient’s Responsibilities
● Knowing rights
● Providing information about past illnesses,
hospitalizations, medications, and other
health-related matters
● Requesting additional information or
clarification about their health status or
treatment when they do not fully understand
the current information or instructions
● Making sure that the health care institution
has a copy of their written advance directive if
they have one
● Informing their physicians and other
caregivers if they anticipate problems in
following prescribed treatment
● Being aware that the hospital has to be
reasonably efficient and equitable in providing
care to other patients and the community
● Being considerate of and making reasonable
accommodations to the needs of the hospital,
other patients, medical staff, and hospital
employees

Personalizing the Healthcare Profession

● Health care workers should treat their patients
as unique individuals
● Personalization improves the patient’s
experience and increases patient engagement
● Patients’ ownership of their health and
outcomes is essential
● Need to motivate patients to become active
participants in their health journeys
● Getting patients involved in their care

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