GUIDELINES

FOR THE CONDUCT OF TEST FOR

DISTINCTIVENESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY

On

Jasmine

(Jasminum sambac L.)

Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Authority

(PPV & FRA)
Government of India

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 Contents

Sl. Item Page

No.
I. Subject 1
II. Seed Materials required 1
III. Conduct of tests 1-2
IV. Methods and observations 2-3
V. Grouping of varieties 3
VI. Characteristics and symbols 4
VII. Table of characteristics 5-9
VIII. Explanation on the table of characteristics 9-17
IX. Working group details 18
X DUS Test Centres 18

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 Jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.)
I. Subject

These Test Guidelines shall apply to all varieties of Jasminum sambac L. of the
family Oleaceae.

II. Material required

1. The Protection of Plant Varieties & Farmers Rights Authority (PPV&FRA) shall
decide when, where and in what quantity and quality the plant material are
required for testing of a variety denomination for registration under the Protection
of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights (PPV&FR) Act, 2001. Applicants
submitting such material from a country other than India shall make sure that all
customs and quarantine requirements stipulated under relevant national
legislations and regulations are complied with. For all varieties bred for fresh
flower purpose, landscaping and industrial uses, 20 numbers of 6 months old fully
rooted plants of commercial standard has to be supplied for DUS testing. If
however any material for DUS tests has a specific requirement for the expression
of characters, the same shall be specified by the applicant.

2. The plant material supplied shall be healthy, not lacking in vigour or affected by
any pest or disease.

3. The plant material shall not have undergone any chemical or bio-physical
treatment which would affect the expression of the characteristics of the variety
unless the competent authority allows or requests for such treatment. If it has been
treated, full details of the treatment must be given.

4. The planting material supplied shall also possess the highest genetic purity,
uniformity, sanitary and phyto-sanitary standards.

III. Conduct of Tests

1. The minimum duration of the test shall normally be two similar complete growing
cycles with reference to the ecosystem of the variety submitted for DUS test. An
option is that a panel of experts shall visit the on- farm test sites for two similar crop
seasons. However, in case the material entered does not meet the DUS criteria for any
one or more than one character, then the test shall be extended up to the next growing
cycle.

2. The tests shall normally be carried out in two locations under conditions ensuring
satisfactory growth for the expression of the relevant characteristics of the variety and
for the conduct of the examination. All stages are indicated against each character in
chapter VII (Table of characteristics).

3. If any essential characteristics of the variety are not expressed for visual observations
at the test location, the variety shall be considered for further examination at another
appropriate test site or under special test protocol on expressed request of the
applicant.

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4. The size of the plots shall be such that parts of plants could be removed for
measurement and observation without prejudicing the other observations on the
standing plants.

5. In particular, growth regulators should not be used.

6. The varieties will be evaluated under natural growing conditions and checked for
distinctiveness.

7. The plants shall be planted in the test field/plot at a standard spacing recommended
for each type.

8. Additional special test protocols shall be established by the PPV&FR Authority.

IV. Methods and observations

1. The characteristics described in the Table of characteristics shall be used for the
testing of varieties for their DUS (Section VII).

2. The optimum stage of development for the assessment of the characteristics are
indicated against each of the characteristics.

System for growth stages in jasmine

Code Growth stages

01 Pre flowering stage
02 At the time of shoot emergence
03 At bud stage
04 At anthesis
05 At peak flowering
06 At seed set

3. All observations on vegetative parts shall be as specified and leaf characteristics will
be recorded on the fourth fully opened leaf from the tip of the stem. Colours of
vegetative parts shall be observed on plants exposed to natural growing conditions.

4. Unless otherwise indicated, all observations on single plants shall be made on all
plants or parts taken from each of 10 plants.

5. Each test shall include a total of at least 10 plants in DUS test centres and 5 plants for
on - site tests. For assessment of Distinctiveness and Stability, all observations shall
be made on all plants.

6. For the assessment of Uniformity of vegetatively propagated varieties, a population

standard of 1% and an acceptance probability of at least 95 % shall be applied. In the
case of a sample size of 10 plants, 1 off-type is allowed.

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7. In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of Stability that produce results as certain
as those of the testing of Distinctiveness and uniformity. However, experience has
demonstrated that for many types of variety, when a variety has been shown to be
uniform, it can also be considered to be stable. Where appropriate or in cases of
doubt, stability may be tested either by growing a further generation or by testing a
new plant stock to ensure that it exhibits the same characteristics as those shown by
the previous material supplied.

8. For the assessment of colour characteristics, the latest Royal Horticultural Society
(RHS) colour chart shall be used.

9. Additional test protocols for special purpose if required shall be established by the
PPV&FR Authority.

10. Standard cultural practices to be adopted and specified as may be relevant to the
location of the DUS test centers for open conditions. If however, any material entered
for the DUS test has any specific requirement for expression of characters, the same
will be specified by the authority. The DUS test centers shall finalize the standard
cultural practices with the approval of the Authority.

V. Grouping of Varieties

1. The candidate varieties for DUS testing shall be divided into groups to facilitate the
assessment of Distinctiveness. Characteristics which are known from experience not
to vary or to vary only slightly within a variety and which in their various states are
fairly evenly distributed across all varieties in the collection are suitable for grouping
purpose.

2. Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even
where produced at different locations, can be used, either individually or in
combination with other such characteristics: (a) to select varieties of common
knowledge that can be excluded from the growing trial used for examination of
distinctness; and (b) to organize the growing trial so that similar varieties are grouped
together.

3. The following characteristics shall be used for grouping Jasminum sambac varieties:
a) Plant growth type (Characteristic 1)
b) Flower bearing habit (Characteristic 15)
c) Flower bud colour (Characteristic 23 )
d) Tinge on flower bud (Characteristic 24)
e) Flower type (Characteristic 32)

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VI. Characteristics and symbols

1. To assess Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability, the characteristics and their states
as given in the Table of characteristics (section VII) shall be used.

2. Notes (1-9) shall be used to describe the state of each character for the purpose of
digital data processing.

3. Legend

(*) Characteristics that shall be observed during every growing season on all varieties
and shall always be included in the description of the variety, except when the state of
expression of any of these characters is rendered impossible by a preceding
phenological characteristic or by the environment conditions of the testing region.
Under such exceptional situation, adequate explanation shall be provided.

(+ sign) Characteristics are illustrated by explanation and drawings in Sl.No VIII

“Explanations and Method”.

4. Characteristics denoted with symbols QL, QN and PQ in first column of the Table of
characteristics shall be indicated as:

QL: Qualitative characteristic

QN: Quantitative characteristic
PQ: Pseudo-qualitative characteristic

5. Type of assessment of characteristics indicated in Column no. 7 of the Table of

characteristics is as follows:

MG: Measurement by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of

plants
MS: Measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants
VG: Visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts
of plants
VS: Visual assessment by observations of individual plants or parts of plant

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VII. Table of characteristics

S.No. Characteristic State Note Stage of Example variety Type of

(1) (2) (3) (4) observation (6) assessment
(5) (7)
1. Plant growth type Shrub 3 01  Ramanathapuram VG
* Gundumalli
PQ  Arka Aradhana

Climber 7 -
2. Plant growth habit Upright 1 01  Soojimalli
* VG
PQ Semi upright 3 -
(+)
Intermediate 5  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli
 Double Mogra
Spreading 7  Iruvatchi

Strongly 9 -
spreading
3. Plant height Short 1 05 - MS
QN (at flowering) (<45 cm)

Medium 3  Arka Aradhana

(45-100 cm)

Tall 5  Ramanathapuram
(> 100 cm) Gundumalli
 Khoya
4. Young shoot Absent 1 02  Ramanathapuram VG
* anthocyanin Gundumalli
QL colouration  Arka Aradhana
(Shoots up to 30 cm Present 9  Iruvatchi
from growing tip)

5. Young shoot Weak 1 02  Iruvatchi VG

PQ intensity of
anthocyanin Medium 3 -
colouration Strong 5 -
6. Ridges on the stem Absent 1 01  Ramanathapuram VG
* Gundumalli
QL Present 9 -
(+)
7. Leaf arrangement/ Opposite 1 01  Ramanathapuram VG
* Phyllotaxy Gundumalli
PQ  Arka Aradhana
(+) Alternate 3 -
Whorled 5 -
Both 7  Iruvatchi
opposite and
whorled
8. Leaf size Small 1 01 - VG
PQ

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 Medium 3  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli
 Iruvatchi
Large 5  Khoya
9. Intensity of green Light 1 01  Arka Aradhana VG
PQ colour (upper  Ramabhanam
surface of mature Medium 3  Ramanathapuram
leaf) Gundumalli
Dark 5  Khoya
10. Leaf anthocyanin Absent 1 01  Ramanathapuram VG
* colouration (young Gundumalli
QL leaf)  Arka Aradhana
Present 9  Iruvatchi

11. Leaf glossiness on Absent 1 01 - VG

* upper surface
QL (mature leaf) Present 9  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli
 Arka Aradhana
12. Shape of leaf blade Lanceolate 1 01  Soojimalli VG
*
PQ Elliptic 3 -
(+) Ovate 5  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli
 Arka Aradhana

Circular 7 -

13. Leaf tip Sharp 1 01  Soojimalli VG

PQ
(+) Medium 3  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli
 Single Mogra
Blunt 5 -
14. Shape of base of Acute 1 01  Ramanathapuram VS
PQ leaf blade Gundumalli
(+)  Soojimalli
Obtuse 3 -

Rounded 5 -

Cordate 7 -

Asymmetric 9 -
15. Flower bearing Solitary 1 05 - VG
* habit
QL Cluster 3  Soojimalli
(+)
Both 5  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli
 Arka Aradhana
16. Flower bearing Terminal 1 05  Ramanathapuram VG
QL position Gundumalli
(+)  Soojimalli
Axillary 3 -

Both 5 -

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17. Number of forks Few 3 05  Khoya MS
QN per cyme (1-5 forks)  Ramabhanam

Intermediate 5  Ramanathapuram
(6-9 forks) Gundumalli
 Double Mogra

More 7  Iruvatchi
(>9 forks)
18. Calyx Rudimentary 3 05  Iruvatchi VG
*
QL Well 7  Ramanathapuram
(+) Developed Gundumalli
 Arka Aradhana

19. Size of calyx lobes Short 1 05 - MS

QN (<0.5cm)
Medium 3  Double Mogra
(0.5-1cm)  Khoya

Long 5  Soojimalli
(>1cm)
20. Flower bud length Short 1 03  Ramanathapuram MS
QN (1.0-2.0cm) Gundumalli
 Double Mogra
Medium 3  Iruvatchi
( 2.1-3.0cm)
Long 5  Soojimalli
(>3.0cm )  Arka Aradhana
21. Boldness of flower Thin 1 03  Sankarapuram VG
* bud Malligae-1
PQ Medium 3  Ramanathapuram
(+) Gundumalli
Bold 5  Double Mogra
 Arka Aradhana
22. Flower bud shape Round and 1 03  Ramanathapuram VS
* Short Gundumalli
PQ  Khoya
(+) Round and 3  Ramabhanam
Long  Arka Aradhana
Pointed and 5
Short  Shankarapuram
Malligae 1

Pointed and 7  Soojimalli

Long

23. Flower bud colour Pure white

[[
1 03 - VG
* (RHS colour chart Off white 3  Ramanathapuram
PQ reference indicate Gundumalli
number) (White 155B)

 Soojimalli
(White 155B)

Yellow 5 -
Pink 7 -

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24. Tinge on flower Absent 1 03  Ramanathapuram VG
* bud Gundumalli
QL Present 9 -

25. Flower colour on Pure white 1 04 - VG

* opening (RHS
PQ colour chart Off white 3  Ramanathapuram
reference indicate Gundumalli
number) (White 155C)

 Double Mogra
(White 155C)

Yellow 5 -

Pink 7 -

26. Shape of open Rounded 1 04  Ramanathapuram VG

* corolla Gundumalli
PQ
Star shaped 9  Soojimalli
(+)

27. Shape of corolla Rounded 1 04  Ramanathapuram VG

* lobe Gundumalli
PQ  Double Mogra
(+) Lanceolate 9  Soojimalli

28. Corolla length Short 1 03  Ramanathapuram MS

QN (0.5-1.0cm) Gundumalli
 Single Mogra
Medium 3  Iruvatchi
(1.1-1.5cm)

Long 5  Arka Aradhana

(> 1.5cm)

29. Corolla tube length Short 1 03  Double Mogra MS

QN (0.5-1.0cm)

Medium 3  Ramanathapuram
(1.1-1.5cm) Gundumalli
 Single Mogra

Long 5 -
(> 1.5cm)

30. Flower petal tip Blunt 1 04  Ramanathapuram VG

PQ Gundumalli
(+)
Sharp 9  Soojimalli

31. Reflexing of flower Absent 1 04  Double Mogra VG

QL
(+) Present 9  Ramanathapuram
Gundumalli

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 32. Flower type Single 1 04  Ramanathapuram VS
* Gundumalli
PQ
(+) Double 3  Ramabhanam
 Iruvatchi
Multi- 5  Khoya
whorled
33. Seed setting Absent 1 06  Ramanathapuram VG
* Gundumalli
QL  Double Mogra

Present 9 -

VIII. Explanations on the table of characteristics:

8.1: Explanations covering several characters

All characteristics shall be recorded at the stages indicated against each of the characteristics.

o In all flower types, observation will be recorded when the flower is fully open but before
senescence sets in.

o Bud characteristics shall be observed when the buds are showing full colour, just before
they begin to open.

o Stem and stipule characteristics shall be observed on the middle third of the stem except
for characters requiring young shoot for which new flush will be used.

o Leaf characteristics shall be observed on fourth leaf from the top of the stem.

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8.2: Explanations for individual characters

Characteristic 2: Plant growth habit

Upright Semi upright Intermediate

Spreading Strongly spreading

Characteristic 6: Ridges on the stem

Absent Present

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Characteristic 7: Leaf arrangement/Phyllotaxy

Opposite Alternate Whorled

Characteristic 12: Shape of leaf blade

Lanceolate Elliptic ovate Circular

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Characteristic 13: Leaf tip

Sharp Medium Blunt

Characteristic 14: Shape of the base of leaf blade

Acute Obtuse Rounded Cordate Asymmetric

Characteristic 15: Flower bearing habit

Solitary Cluster Solitary and cluster in

single plant

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Characteristic 16: Flower bearing position

Terminal Axillary Terminal and axillary

Characteristic 18: Calyx

Rudimentary Well developed

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Characteristic 21: Boldness of flower bud

Thin Medium Bold

Characteristic 22: Flower bud shape

Round and short Round and long Pointed and short Pointed and long

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Characteristic 26: Shape of open corolla

Rounded Star shaped

Characteristic 27: Shape of corolla lobe

Rounded Lanceolate

Characteristic 30: Flower petal tip

Blunt Sharp

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Characteristic 31: Reflexing of flower

Absent Present

Characteristic 32: Flower type

Single Double Multi whorled

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IX. Biochemical characters (Additional character)

1. Aroma profiling Aroma profiles to be generated for jasmine flowers

harvested from plants provided for testing.

Methods of extracting essential oils and aroma profiling of jasmine

Solvent extraction
The flowers are covered by a solvent such as ether, petroleum, hexane or acetone and then
heated to 40-45 degree Celsius to extract the essential oil. This is then filtered which leaves a
paste called concrete made up of wax and fragrance which is then mixed with alcohol and
distilled at low temperatures, the alcohol absorbs the fragrance and when the alcohol is
evaporated off an aromatic absolute remains. This method is used on delicate flowers and it
is a relatively time consuming process.

Aroma profiling
Volatile compounds obtained from jasmine flowers are concentrated by headspace solid
phase micro extraction and analyzed by MS-GC. HS extraction can be done by SPME fiber
which can directly analyze the different contents present.
A commercial library (NIST) and an FFC (Flavor and Fragrance Components) bank provided
with Linear Retention Indices are used interactively with MS data for compounds
identification.

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X. Working group details

The test guidelines were developed by the Principal Investigators at the Nodal centre at
ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Co-nodal centre at Tamil
Nadu Agricultural University and the Task Force (11/2011) constituted by the PPV&FR
Authority. Technical input was also provided by Dr. Kameshwar Rao, Retired Taxanomist of
Bangalore University and Dr. Ravi Prakash, Registrar, PPV&FRA.

Members of the Task Force 11/2011:

Dr. M. Kannan Chairman
Professor (Horticulture) and Head
Department of Floriculture and Landscaping,
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore-641 003.

Dr. Sujatha A. Nair Member

Principal Scientist &
Principal Investigator (DUS Jasmine Nodal Centre)
ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research,
Hessaraghatta, Bangalore – 560 089.

Dr. M. Ganga Member

Assistant Professor (Horticulture) &
Principal Investigator (DUS Jasmine Co-Nodal Centre)
Department of Floriculture and Landscaping,
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore-641 003.

Dr. M. Jawaharlal Member

Dean, HC & RI for Women &
Co-PI (DUS Jasmine Co-Nodal Centre)
Navalur Kuttapattu
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Trichy - 620 009.

Dr. Ravi Prakash Member Secretary

Registrar, PPV & FRA,
NASC Complex, New Delhi

XI. Name of DUS Test Centres:

Nodal DUS Centre Co-Nodal Centre

Division of Ornamental Crops, Department of Floriculture and

ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Landscaping,
Research, Horticultural College & Research Institute,
Hessaraghatta Lake Post,
Bangalore - 560089 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore - 641003

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