Virginia Evans Jenny Dooley Dave Cook, aia Se 7 lool Be ea oniyPublished by Express Publishing Liberty House, Greenham Business Park, Newbury, Berkshire RG19 GHW, United Kingdom Tel.: (0044) 1635 817 363, Fax: (0044) 1635 817 463, emai: inquiries@expresspublishing,co.uk www.expresspublishing.co.uk © Express Publishing, 2013 Design and Illustration © Express Publishing, 2013 First published 2013 Third impression 2016 Made in EU Al rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. This book is not meant to be changed in any way. ISBN 978-1-4715-1623-8 Acknowledgements Authors’ Acknowledgements We would like to thank all the staff at Express Publishing who have contributed their skills to producing this book. Thanks for thelr support and patience are due in particular to: Alex Newton (Editor in Chiat); Sean Todd (senior editor}; Steve Miller (editorial assistant); Richard White (senior production controller); the Express design team; Sweetspot (recording producers). We would also like to thank those institutions and teachers who piloted the manuscript, and whose comments and feedback were invaluable in the production of the book. Every effort has been made to trace all the copyright holders. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.(at) Virginia Evans Jenny Dooley Dave Cook, Ala Goals Express Publishing— Unit Topic Reading context! Vocabulary Function + [Types of ‘Advertisement — airport, building, high-rise, hospital, office building, [Accepting Structures parking structure, residence, school, skyscraper, __|a compliment structure, warehouse 2 [Paris ofa Fiyer aitic, basement, bathroom, bedroom, closet, door, | Describing Building 1 \garage, kitchen, laundry room, living room ja change 3 [Parts of a Memo [conference room, elevator, entrance, fire escape, | Confirming Building 2 oor, hallway, lobby, office, stairwell, vestibule, information window 4 [Shapes 1 Webpage larch, citcle, Corner, diamond, oval, polygon, [Asking for rectangle, side, square, triangle fan opinion 5 [Shapes 2 Textbook ‘2D, cone, cube, cuboid, cylinder, dome, face, (Giving [chapter pyramid, sphere, surface an example & [Describing Journal article angular, asymmetrical, bend, climb, curvy, ft, round, [Asking for more |Shapes and sharp, straight, symmetrical information Structures 7 |Deseribing Email (grade, hilly, landscape, level, open, rise, slope, steep, |Describing Landscapes terrain, topography, vegetation Jdegree 8 [Basic Math Letter ‘average, come to, divide by, equal, hundred, less, | Expressing minus, multiply by, plus, times [confusion 9 [Measurements 1 [Textbook facre, cubic foot, cubic inch, foot, imperial, inch, [Asking about chapter lounce, pound, ton, yard intention 10 [Measurements 2. [Textbook (centimeter, cubic centimeter, cubic meter, gram, [Asking for chapter hectare, Kilogram, liter, meter, metric, tonne help 77 [Materials 7 [Online product aggregate, brick, cement, concrete, -beam, iron, [Answering the catalogue metal, mortar, rebar. sand, steel, stone Iphone at work 12 [Materials 2 Email ‘drywall, fiberglass, glass, marble, plaster, plastic, [Making porcelain, rubber, tile, timber fa selection 73 |Deseribing Journal article brittle, durable, elastic, flexible, hardness, heavy, [Asking for Materials lightweight, opaque, rigid, transparent an opinion 14 |Education? | Webpage fangle, calculus, geometry, heat flow, line, Dhysies, [Asking about point, prerequisite, segment, trigonometry purpose 16 |Education® | Webpage accredited, bachelors degree, continuing ediication, | Talking about lemphasis, examination, internship, licensed, maintain, maior in, master’s degree lopportunitiesTable of Contents Unit 1 — Types of Structures . 4 Unit 2 - Parts of a Building 1... 2.0.6... eee eevee eee eevee ee eee eee 26 Unit 3 - Parts of a Building 2 8 Unit 4-Shapes1 ............ eee eee Unit 5-Shapes2 ........... rs 12 Unit 6 - Describing Shapes and Structures 4 Unit 7 - Describing Landscapes ............ . oot 16 Unit 8 - Basic Math .. 18 Unit 9 - Measurements 1.2.0.0... 0.6.0 e eee eee 20 Unit 10 - Measurements 2... Unit 11 - Materials 1 ....... 124 Unit 12- Materials 2 .............. See err Prez Unit 13 - Describing Materials .... 28 Unit 14 - Education 1 +30 Unit 15 - Education 2......0.............5 wees feet 32 GlossaryHi Types of Structures Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some different buildings that people live in? 2 What are some different buildings that people work in? Reading @ Read the advertisement. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The advertisement offers teaching positions to experienced architects. 2 __ Darren Fischer has experience designing large buildings. 3 __ Andrea Palomino primarily works on residences. Start your career with a degree from BVSA! Learn how to design a variety of structures. Do you want to design family residences? How about sleek, professional office buildings? Then BVSA is for you. Many local buildings are works of BVSA graduates: Darren Fischer Darren designed several high-rises and skyscrapers downtown. His current project is a warehouse for ‘Samson Furniture Dealers. Andrea Palomino Andrea mostly works on projects for ‘the city. She is responsible for the new school and hospital in town. She also designed a parking structure for city vehicles. Now, the city wants her to design the new airport.Vocabulary © Match the words (1-5) with the definitions (A-E). 3 __ high-rise 5 _ office building 4 __ warehouse A. any structure with walls and a roof B a structure with a large, open space inside © a structure with many stories D_astructure where people work E_astructure where people go to leam in the blanks with the correct words: parking structure, airport, structure, residence, hospital, skyscraper. The tallest building in a big cty is usually a(n) The workers keep their cars in an). When people are sick, they go to a(n) A single-family house is an example of a(n) The city put up a small at the bus stop to protect people from the rain. 6 People travel in and out of the uring the day. onena on planes. © @ Listen and read the advertisement again, What is the man working on now? Listening © @ Listen to a conversation between a student and an instructor. Check (/) the projects that the woman has worked on. 1 Qhospital 3 (1 skyscraper 2 Oiwarehouse 4 (airport 5 office b @® © Listen again and complete the conversation. Student: Ms. Palomino, you work as an1___, right? Instructor: | used to. Before | started teaching, ‘Student: Did you design any 2 2 Instructor: Yes, | did. | designed the Saint Wiliam 3 Student: Really? That's one of the most 4 in town! Instructor: Well, thank you. You're 5 ‘Student: Do you still design buildings? Instructor: The city consulted me 6 year, but now, | mostly teach last | | | t } | | | J Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. You work as... right? I designed the .. That's one of the most... Stucent A: You are a student. Talk to Student B about: + his or her experience as an architect * aproject he or she worked on what he or she is doing now ‘Student B: You are an instructor. Talk to Student A about your experience as an architect, Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the faculty profile page, CO err eicey About the Instruct Local Designs: Current Projects:12) Parts of a Building 1 Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are the typical rooms in a house? 2 What are some rooms in a house that are used for storage? Reading @© Read the flyer. Then, choose the correct answers. 1 What is the flyer mainly about? A improvements on a home design B the costs of building a home © anarchitect's previous home building projects D features of homes in a housing division 2 Which of the following is NOT advertised in the Comfort Model? ‘A agood choice for small families B two bathrooms C adoor between the kitchen and the living room D abasement with a laundry room ‘3. What is true about the Deluxe Model? A. tis not recommended for large families. B thas fewer bedrooms than the Comfort Model It features a closet in each bedroom. D thas two garages. The Comfort Model ‘This model is great for couples and small families. it features two, bedrooms, and each one has its own bathroom. Enjoy a large, open space between the kitchen and living room. Check ut the convenient laundry room in the basement. The Deluxe Model Do you have a big family? Then this model is for you! Ithas an elegant front door and bright entry hall. There are four large bedrooms and each ‘one has a spacious closet. Do you need extra storage space? Use the attic! There is also a roomy garage big enough for two vehicles.| : = Vocabulary © Match the words (1-6) with the de ns (A-F). door 3 attic 4 bedroom __ basement 1 5 __ bathroom 2 6 __ laundry room ‘A. a room where people wash clothes B_a movable divider between rooms © a room where people sleep D_aoom below the main part of a house E room with a sink and a toilet F aroomat the top of a house @ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word or phrase best fits each blank. 1 garage / closet A The family parks their car in the B Clothes are stored in the. 2 kitchen / living room ‘A Couches and chairs are in the B The has several large appliances. © © Listen and read the flyer again. What is the attic used for? Listening @ & Listen to a conversation between an architect and a contractor. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The new design calls for smaller closets. 2 __ The man wants to change the size of the basements. 3 __ The woman does not have the materials for the closet doors. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Architect: We need to talk about the 1_ on the Comfort Model ‘ Contractor: Yeah, | saw the memo about the closets inthe 2 Architect: They3___ _three feet by four feet. Now, they need to be five feet by five feet Contractor: H! Architect: Contractor: Archites Contractor: re we going to make the 4 We'll just make the bedrooms a little 5 What about the closet in the 6 2 That stays the same size, but | think itneeds a larger door, That's not a problem, We didn't order the materials yet. j | | Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. I saw the memo about ¥ They used to be What about the ...? Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about: * changes to a room design + how the change affects other areas © features that will not be affected Student 8: You are a contractor, Talk to Student A about changes toa room design. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the design change proposal. Cerca Design | Change Proposal | | Home model; Room Proposed change’ Other areas affectedRj Parts of a Building 2 Get ready! Reading @ Before you read the passage, talk about @ Read the memo. Then, complete the table. these questions. 1 What are some areas of an office building? Problem Solution 2 What are the safest ways to exit a building during an emergency? 2 [Switch the conference room with the restrooms, 3 Make the windows larger. Vocabulary © Write a word or phrase that is similar in meaning to the underlined part. 1 The CEO's office is on the seventh level in the building, fo 2. Inemergencies, exit the building through the aa a stairs on the outside of the building. Shea . air, _se_ 3 The receptionist grested clients in the open area just inside the building's entrance. ey) 4 The openings in the wall let a lot of sunlight into the office. --nd__s 5 The break room is down the narrow passage on theleft. _al__ay The office needs a few changes, ‘The client wants a larger lobby at the entrance. Right now, the design only has a small vestibule. Expand [the area into the hallway behind it Also, the conference room is too far from the elevator. It must be easily accessible from every floor. Maybe switch it with the restrooms. People need easy access to emergency fire escapes. In the current design, people will not fit through the windows. Make these larger. People may also need to find the stairwells quickly. Make sure these are easy to access, Thanks, Shirley@ Place the words and phrases from the word bank under the correct headings. elevator office entrance Moving Entering a | Working i between levels | building building Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Ihave a question about You want to... right? The... needs to be .. @ @ Listen and read the memo again. What is the problem with the conference room? Listening @ G Listen to a conversation between two architects. Mark the following statements as true (1) or false (F). 1 _. The woman wants to move the assistant's. office closer to the elevators. 2 __ The conference room needs more space than the restrooms. 3 __ The architects agree to leave the conference room where tis. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation, Architect 1: Hey, Shirly. | have a question about the Smith-Rogers project. Architect 2: Sure. 1 ? Architect 1: Let me 2 = You want to switch the conference room with the restrooms, right? Architect 2: That's right. The 3 _ should be next to the elevator. Architect 1: But the restroom area is 4 There's not enough space there for the conference room. Architect 2: Oh, | see. Let's move the 5 to the end of the hallway, Does that help? Architect 1: That should make 6 I'll see what | can do. | This will give us enough ‘Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about: ‘+ proposed changes to a project, +a problem with the changes * a solution to the problem Siucient 8: You are an architect, Talk to Student ‘A about proposed changes to a project. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the memo to a client. ‘To: Smith-Rogers, Inc. From: Belgrave Architectural Firm Dear Mr. Smith, ‘As you requested, we made some changes to your office design. We expanded the __ into the area, We also moved ext to to makeShapes 1 cs Get ready! r @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some different shapes with curved edges? 2 What architectural shapes are most commonly found in your country? AEF PATS RUM cst eg Every house needs windows, so why not get creative? Make your windows special with custom designs from Living Portals! Reading @ Read the webpage. Then, mark the Most window designs are shaped like squares or following statements as true (T) or false (F). rectangles. Do you prefer something more interesting? | Well itt to the side to make a diamond, or we'll curve it into an elegant arch. Do you want something really bold? Let us know at least a week in advance and we can create a custom polygon - ike a triangle ~ to fit your design needs. ‘Custom shapes like polygons take longer to create than other windows. 2 __ Circles are more expensive than other window shapes. 3 __ Triangle-shaped windows are easier to clean than circle-shaped windows. ‘And who says that windows must have straight sides? Check out our selection of circles and ovals. These smooth, round designs are beautiful and practical. You'll Vocabulary have no more difficult corners to clean and the prices © Read the sentences and choose the correct are the same as for our square windows! words. 4 The window will have four sides that make a circle / square. 2 Ifashape has only three sides, triangle. 3. The architect built a(n) arch / side over the adiamond / ee© Place the words from the word bank under the correct headings. pcnIS side ov corner polygon diamond rectangle circle Parts of ‘Shapes with Shapes with a shape curved edges | straight edges Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. ‘re you interested In 2 don't want... What do you think of ..? © @ Listen and read the webpage again. How long does it take to make a custom window? Listening @© G Listen to a conversation between a salesperson and a customer. Choose the correct answers. 11 What is the conversation mainly about? ‘Aa problem with the woman's new windows B the cost of installing custom windows, C the man’s experience in window design : D which windows the woman likes best 2 What shape will most of the kitchen windows be? A rectangles: arches B circles D ovals @ ®@ Listen again and complete the conversation. Salesperson: Good to see you again, Ms. Lewis. How did = you like thet 2 | customer: Your company enakes such unusual windows. | Salesperson: Yes, we do. Are you interested in any 2 2 | Customer: My house already has too many comers, | don’t } want any more 3 Salesperson: Sure. What 4 of circles? Customer: That's pretty bold for the whole kitchen. Maybe just some 5 Salesperson: We can certainly do that. Do you want the same design for all the kitchen windows? Customer: Mostly. But 6 ______ might look nice over the sink. | ‘Student A: You are a salesperson. Talk to Student B about: * windows for his or her house * which shapes he or she likes ‘Siuceni 8: You are a customer. Talk to Student A about windows for your house. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the work order. Part of house: __ Describe shapes and locations of windows: 1| Modern Architecture Spotlight: Unusual Shap ‘A cuboid is the most popular building shape. Flat, simple faces make them easy to design and build. The interior space is easily divided into numerous cubes. However, great architects create buildings with vitually any 3D shape. Architects have used creative shapes for thousands of years. The ancient Egyptian pyramids are an excellent example. Another example is the cones atop early European churches. Get ready! \ @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some 30 architectural shapes with straight edges? 2 What are some 8D architectural shapes with rounded edges? Reading @ Read the textbook chapter. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ According to the section, cuboids are usually easy to build. 2 __ The section uses the cylinder as an example of historical architecture. 3 __ "The Gherkin" features a sphere. 12 es ‘in the Real World Today, unusual shapes make urban environments more exciting. “The Gherkin” in London is a cylinder. Its rounded surface adds visual interest to the cityscape. Spheres and sphere-like shapes have a similar effect. Many sports stadiums are topped with domes, which are breathtaking from the interior and the exterior. Vocabulary ~ © Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F). 1 3D 4 2 face 5 3 _ cube 6 dome cylinder pyramic a shape that is similar to half of a ball a shape with straight sides and a circular base having the dimensions of length, width, and depth a flat surface on something a shape with six equal square sides a shape with triangular sides amooo>auaaoe @ Read the sentences and choose the correct Speaking es © with a partner, act out the roles below 1. Typical houses are built in the shape of a based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. pyramid / cuboid. _ 2 Acone / cylinder is narrow at the top and wide = idee i at the bottom. Do yau feel comfortable with ..? 3. The dome / surface of the wall is flat. For one 4 Abasketball is shaped like a cube / sphere. Can you think of any ..? © @ Listen and read the textbook chapter ‘Student A: You are an instructor. Talk to Student B again, What is the most popular building about shape? * 3D shapes in architecture ae + similarities and differences between shapes Listening + examples of buildings with particular shapes © G Listen to a conversation between an instructor and a student, Choose the correct answers. ‘Student 8: You are a student. Talk to Student A about 3D shapes in architecture. 1 What is the main idea of the conversation? ‘A. methods for constructing unusual 3D shapes B local buildings with different 3D shapes Writing the histories of particular 3D shapes © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete D_ advantages of using certain SD shapes the student's classroom worksheet. 2 What is true about the skyscraper? A Ithas trianguler faces. B It looks like half a sphere. © Its roofs a dome. oer 3D Shapes ‘Shaper D. Itis the shape of a oylinder. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. This shape features Instructor: Okay, Lisa. Do you feel pretty ‘And a sphere is completely round. ‘Shape: Instructor: That's right. What 4 _ have those shapes? Student: For one, the roof of the football stadium is adome. That's ike 5 comfortaisle with 4 __ ay . : . | Ahiistorical building with this shape is Student: | think so. I've been studying. | Instructor: What are some 2 =) | Student: Let's see. A3 has around base. | | This shape features | | Instructor: Good. Can you think of any buildings downtown? Student: Oh, of course. The Marina Towers are in the shape of a6 A building with this shape is | , 5 13({}. Describing Shapes and Structures 4 ; i i Ce Ra nem mes interesting architects. Visit Finn City and Eee a ° ee ee es tes Get ready! cee ee ace @ Before you read the passage, talk about eee these questions. Cees Neen eg nes 1 What are some words to describe surfaces of 2 Dee RR ee wit Magog buildings? sea OS re a Ss 2 What are the features of a famous building in are part of her new angular style. The flat your country? ee CMM Um a Ei fee se) eee ae ca ay Reading Sete Cr ee ® Read the article. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The architect's early work was very curvy. 2 __ The city hall features mostly straight lines. 3 __ The designs of the city hall and the museum are similar. Vocabulary © Match the words (1-6) with the defi (AF). 1 _ flat 4 __ straight 2 _ round 5 __ symmetrical 3 angular 6 __ asymmetrical A. not having identical sides that mitror each other B having a smooth, even surface © continuing in one direction without bending D_ having curves instead of angles E having identical sides that mirror each other F having angles instead of curves. q , Cf @ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which Speaking Chea aah 5 © With a partner, act out the roles below 1 sharp / curvy based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. A The __ ___lines soften the building's sac appearance. Bass B ___lines and angles give the I want to do something v building well-defined edges. What exactly do you ...? So it should have ... 2 climbs / bends A The pillar looks like a snake that Up to the top of the building, B Theroof down gradually towards the sidewalk. ‘Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B. about: © a project that he or she is working on © what the project should look like @ @ Listen and read the article again. What, * _ the design features of the project is the woman known for? ‘Stucent & You are an architect. Tak to Student A Listening about a project that you are working on. © @ Listen to a conversation between two architects, Check (/) the qualities that describe the woman's design plans. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to 1 O anguiar 4 Qony complete the project proposal. 2 Qlasymmetrical © 5 [2 sharp 3 Ground @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation, Architect 1: Hey, Gertrude. What are you ct ae erases: 1 : Project Proposal Architect 2: The cy asked me to design the new bus depot Architect 1: That's exciting! Do you have 2 Architect 2: | want to do something 3 Architect 1: 4 _do you mean by that? Architect 2: Well, something 5 _ I want it to grab people's attention i aera serene How these qualities will affect the overall and surfaces that bend suddenly appearances Architect 2: Exactly. Maybe you can help me come up with some ideas, 15Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions, / 1 What are some common landscape problems that architects encounter? 2 What land features are best for building? Describing Landscapes Reading @ Read the email. Then, choose the correct answers. 11 What is the purpose of the email? A todescribe landscape preparations in progress B to. compare two areas of land to give pros and cons of building on hills D to suggest two new building sites, 2 What can you infer about vegetation? A itis very expensive to clear i. B Its more common on level land than hilly land. © It makes building easier. D It stabilizes land on a slope, 3 What is true about the Prairie Grove site? A tis @ bad place for houses. B thas a small slope. © Itisan open area of land, D tis probably unstable, Tot JohnMartin@eastemhomearchitects.com From: sjohnson@sjohnsonsurveyors.com Subject: Sites for Residential Development Hi John, | surveyed your proposed building sites. The topography at Green Acres isn’t suitable. The terrain is too hilly. Some slopes have very steep grades. Making them level will take a lot of work, which will be expensive. Plus, you need to clear the vegetation and that can make the slopes unstable. Prairie Grove has a better landscape for residential development. It's mostly flat. The area does rise on the north end, however, the grade is minor so | don’t expect it to be a problem. This area also has some vegetation but we can clear it to create an open space. IF you need anything else, let me know, ‘Sharon JohnsonVocabulary @ Match the words (1-5) with the definitions (A-E). 1 _ tise 3 _ hilly 5 __ topography 2 _ steep 4 __ vegetation A anarea’s plants and trees D having many hills B to incline or move upward E having a sharp incline © anarea’s physical characteristics Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word best fits. fi each blank. 1 landscape / slope ‘A. The mountains and trees are part of the area's beautiful d. B The house sits at the bottom of a 2 terrain/ grade A The____of the hil is too steep for building. B The_____in the area is rough and rocky. 3 level / open A. Large areas with no buildings or trees are called land, B The site used to have a slope, but now it is completely © @ Listen and read the email again. What is wrong with Green Acres as a building site? _ Listening _ © @ Listen to a conversation between an architect and a ‘surveyor. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1. __ The proposed building site is mostly open space. 2 __ The slope makes the land difficult to bulld on. 3 __ The eastern end of the property is very hil @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. | Architect: Sownat 1 ______ about this piot of land? Surveyor: The landscape is beautiful. There's a lot of 2 | ‘And the mountains are nearby. Architect: Exactly. i's the for a resort Surveyor: Well its not perfect. This slope is very 4 Architect: Is the grade 5 —_? Surveyor: think so. t's 6_ ‘0 build on terrain like this, Speaking © with a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. What do you think about The land is tootvery {ts a great place for... ‘Student A: You are an a land surveyor. Talk to Student B about: ‘© a proposed building site * the positive features of the building site © the negative features of the building site Student 8: You are an architect. Talk to Student A about a proposed building site, Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the meeting notes. Meeting with Surveyor Project: Pros of proposed site: Cons of proposed site: 7Basic Math Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 11 What are some ways to describe adding numbers together? 2. What is the process for finding an average? Hello James, svelopment land. The plot is eleven 1a oncom orto oi 2 planned. They will have an average of 1.5 ores each. ‘This breakdown includes the number of houses ‘multiplied by the acres per house: « 400 times 1.5 comes to 600 acres. ‘sThe available space is 1,100 acres. “The houses require 600 acres. 1,100 minus 600 equals 500 acres. You can use that for roads and parks. ‘iso, the neighboring plot is for sale. | acres (less one hundred for roads): « 490 minus 100 equals 300 acres for houses. 300 divided by 1.5 equals 200 houses. ‘That's 200 houses itis four hundred 1, Think about it and let me know. to 600 houses total Rachel Graves, Surveyor plus your original 400 houses. It comes Reading @ Read the letter. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The plot cannot hold as many houses as planned. 2 __ The parks and roads on the original plot will occupy 500 acres. 3 __ Theneighboring plot can hold more houses than the original plot. | Vocabulary { © Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word or phrase best fits each blank. 1 hundred / average A The surveyor calculated the size of al the plot. B The architect is planning a development on | { a fifteen acre plot. ‘two equals three. three equals six.@ Place the words from the word bank under the correct headings. ecuais plus anc jess comesto minus ‘Adding ‘Subtracting ms | numbers numbers _| Expressing results Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. I'm confused about y Shouldn't there be ..? You're right about. © @ Listen and read the letter again. Why is the other plot of land mentioned? Listening © @ Listen to a conversation between an architect's assistant and an architect. Choose the correct answers. 1 What is the conversation mainly about? A. how to measure acreage B the amount of available space for building © amistake on a building plan D_achange in plot dimensions 2 What error did the woman make? A She measured the acreage incorrectly. B She multiplied instead of dividing. © She did not include roads and parks in her calculations. She used the wrong number of acres per house. @ © Listen again and complete the conversation. Assistant: I'm confused about these 1 Architect: What's the problem? Assistant: The plot is eleven hundred acres. 2 _ __room for at least seven hundred houses? Architect: You're right about the 3 ____. But we can't fit that many houses on the land. Assistant: Why not? it's 1.5.4 — Eleven hundred divided by 1.5 comes to more than seven hundred Architect: That's correct. But it's eleven hundred minus space for can tant: Oh, | forgot. That makes 6 _ Student A: You are an architect's assistant. Talk to Student B about: © building plan © ameasurement that you do not understand © your calculations Saicient ®: You are an architect. Talk to Student A about his or her calculations, Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the building plan summary. Grady’s Architecture and Construction eae Clee Project: Size of land: Number of buildings needed: Amount of land needed for each building Calculate the amount of space left for other features: 19Measurements 1 since Get ready! y @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some common units of measurement in your country? 2 What is important when converting different Units of measurement? Reading @ Read the textbook chapter. Then, mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ Three inches equal one yard. 2 __ One ton is equal to 2,000 cubic feet. 3 _ Todetermine cubic feet, multiply length, ‘width, and height in feet. ° | ‘@ pounds bitte aoe Vocabulary I ih were © Match the words (1-6) with the definitions 4 =03937 in (AF). yard =0.9144 m 1 _ inch 3 __ yard 5 __ pound 9 3 4 S$ 6 7 foot 4 __ ton 6 __ imperial ae ren ey eee eee ‘.unit of length that equals 1/12 ofa foot ‘a unit of weight that equals 2,000 pounds 2 A 1 m= 1.098 yards B © a system that uses the ounce and the inch D E F 1 pound = 0.453 ios 1 kilo = 2.205 pounds unit of length that equals 36 inches a unit of length that equals 1/8 of a yard 2 unit of weight that equals 16 ounces Imperial Units: The Basics length: Knowing your units is invaluable. For 42 inches = 1 foot instance, you can determine how much conerete a foundation needs by multiplying length, width, and height in feet. That gives you cubic feet. One cubic foot of concrete weighs about 145 pounds. So muttiply your cubic feet by 145. Then divide that by the Weight: ‘weight of each bag of cement. The 16 ounces = 1 pound answer tells you how many bags you = 2,000 pounds = 1 ton aoe@ White a word or phrase that is similar in meaning to the underlined part, 4 The foundation of the building is 285 units of volume nt measured in feet. i, Le 2 She owns a piece of land that has about forty units used to ‘measure an area. rs 3 Each metal piece is 13 units of weight equal to 1/16 of a pound. nls s 4 The small box only measures about six units of volume 7 measured in inches. © @ Listen and read the textbook chapter again. Why is it important to know unit measurements? Listening ; @ @ Listen to a conversation between an architect and a client. Choose the correct answers. d 1 What is the conversation mainly about? ial ‘A. problems with a previous conference room B design changes for a conference room © a disagreement about measurements of a conference roo D the best location for a conference room 2 How does the woman want to change the room? ‘A reduce its length and wiath B turn it into a new office © combine it with another conference room D a make it bigger ' @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Architect: So, let's talk about your 1 Client: What did you 2 - Architect: Well, i's about 9___ wide, Client: Hmm. That's alittle 4 _.. Sometimes we have twenty-five people in a meeting, —— 6 2 ___ long by fifteen feet Architect: | see. Do you want to § 2 Client: Yes, definitely. Can we use some space from the office 6 2 1 | | | | | i Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. ae ae It's abou Do you want to ..? That sounds. Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about: + aproject you are designing for him or her * current measurements * changes the client wants to make Student 8: You are the architect's client. Tak to Student A about changes you want to make to a project. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the notes ‘on the building plans. ee iia Project Update Original measurements: Changes requested: The istoo _ To fix this, we need to New room measurements:yi 1) Measurements 2 gaeresncsnooc “ee ; | Get ready! Reading | | @ Before you read the passage, talk about @ Read the textbook chapter. Then, mark the these questions. following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1. Why should architects understand both metric and imperial systems? ‘Why might some people prefer the metric system instead of the imperial system? 1 __ Alter is larger than a cubie inch. 2 __ The chapter recommends multiplying to convert meters to feet. 3. __ The chapter recommends dividing to convert kilograms to grams. 2 Vocabulary Now you know imperial units. But what if you need metric measurements? Check the conversion chart below. Lr Cree Nae iu roukcs avec ee ter 61.02 cuibic inches TE Kilogram == 22 pounds ee eter 328 et (USI hectare = = 247 acres To convert metric units into imperial units, multiply. 16 liters to cubic inches: 15 x 61.02 = 915.30 cubic inches ‘To convert imperial units into metric units, divide, 12 pounds to kilograms: 12 + 2.2 = 5.45 kilograms You can also convert within the metric system. es ees ‘cubic centimeters. multiplying by 1000 dividing by 1000 cubic meters. ‘grams multiplying by 1000 kilograms z tonnes dividing by 1000 centimeters © Write a word or phrase that is similar in meaning to the underlined part. 1 The building site is 3.2 units of area equal to 2.47 acres, ec 2 The measurements for the project should all be based on the kilogram and the liter. 3 The wood glue label isted the size in units of, volume equal to 0.001 liters. ers es@ Place the words from the word bank under the correct headings: cuvic meer centimeter kilogram liter tonne gram meter Units of weight Units of length Units of volume Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Would you give me ...? Where I'm from There are... ina. © G Listen and read the textbook chapter again. Based on the text, what is an alternative to converting other ‘than multiplying or dividing? Listening © G Listen to a conversation between two architects. Choose the correct answers. 1 What is the purpose of the conversation? A to correct a measurement error B to confirm measurements for a project © to update an architect on new measurements D to convert measurements into another system 2 Why's the woman having a problem with her measurements? A. She is used to imperial units. B_ She made a mathematical error. © She doesn't know which system to use. D_ She misplaced the correct measuring tools. | @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Architect 1: Hey, Ryan. Would you 4 for a moment? Architect 2: Sure. What can | do for you? Architect 1: | need to estimate the size of this room. Where I'm i from, we don’t use the 2 | Architect 2: | see. Do you have the 3__ | Architect 1: Yes. I's forty feet long by twenty-nine feet wide. Architect 2: Okay. There are 3.28 feet 4 - Architect 1: Sofory5 8.28 equals 12.2 meters long, | Atchitect 2: Right. And twenty-nine divided by 3.28 is 8.84 6 measurements? Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about! © ameasurement you need © units that you need to convert into the metric system how to make a conversion Stuciont B: You are an architect. Talk to Student A about units that he or she needs to convert into the metric system. Writing © Use the conversation from ‘Task 8 to complete the memo from one architect to another architect. Hi Lois, | know you are used to the imperial system, however we use metric measurements for all of our projects. Hore are the conversions for the measurements you submitted Units of Length: There are 3.28 tect {imperial in one meter (metric). ‘Therefore, five feet equals 1.52 meters. Units of area: There are _acres (imperial in one (metro) Therefore, eight _ (imperial) equals _— (metro) Thanks, Ryan 23Materials 1 Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. Builder's Choice is the #1 source for materials, including ... Soa Mix your own concrete with our sand, gravel, and cement, of choose our eady-mixed conorete. We'll even deliver it to your site! Bricks © Mortar: } Low-maintenance bricks resist weather and fire. Unlike many contemporary styles, traditional bricks have a 1 What is the purpose of the webpage? : timeless, classic appearance. % A tollist available building materials froma LMA 1 What are some common building materials? 2 How are different materials commonly used in structures? Reading @ Read the webpage. Then, choose the correct answers. company © | Granite, marble, slate — we have it alll Construct B_ to recommend building materials for / | durable floors and walls. Enhance your architectural Particular projects features with decorative stone, © to advertise sale prices for building materials, Le D to describe manufacturing processes for a Our steel beams are 98% iron and 2% carbon. building materials They're built to last! Our rods of rebar come in 20, 40, 2 According to the webpage, which of the and 60 feet. We also provide custom cuts. following is NOT true of bricks? ‘A. They are fre resistant B They have a contemporary appearance. © They require little maintenance. D They withstand bad weather 3 What service does the webpage offer? ‘A. delivering |-beams to construction sites, B constructing brick buildings installing stone floors and walls D_ making custom-length rebar 24Vocabulary e Match the words (1-8) with the definitions (A-H). 4 _ iron 4 rebar 7 __ cement 2 _ steel 5 _ sand 8 __ mortar 3 _metal 6 _ concrete ‘A metal pieces that builders put in concrete to make it stronger ‘a material composed of iron and carbon ‘a mixture of water, sand, and lime that helps 2 bricks stay together D_a grainy substance composed of tiny rock particles E a powder made up of sand and gravel F a material used to make stee! G a hard substance made with aggregate and cement oo H ahard, shiny, malleable material @ Choose the sentence that uses the underlined part correctly. types of metal. d 1A Tomake concrete, the builders use different x f B The second floor is supported by beams. Be 2 A Rebaris often used for decoration. B Aggregate is a mixture of sand, gravel, and broken stones. 3. A Theymade the floor with a stone called granite. Steal is a very unstable material 4 A Sand is mostly made up of iton. B Fire does not destroy walls made of bricks. “© Listen and read the webpage again. What are the benefits of using bricks? Listening © @ Listen to a conversation between a | building supplier and a client. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The woman's desired building materials are available right away. 2 __ The man offers a special price for delivery. 3 __ The woman purchases bricks and mortar. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation, Supplier: Thanks for calling Builder's Choice. This . is Tim. How can! 4 _ 27 4} Client: Hi. was wondering if you carry bricks? =f ‘Supplier: Yes. They're seventy-five cents per | 2 | Client: | need about two thousand square feet. | Could you fil 3_ today? | Supplier: Certainly. And we can deliver it 4 | Client: Great, How much is your rapid-set 8 2 Supplier: It's $15 for a 60-pound bag. Would you like me to start the order? | Client: I'm just _for now. 1 | all again this afternoon, Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7, Then, switch roles. This is... How can | help you? Do you carry ..? How much is your ..? Student A: You are a building supplier. Talk to Student B about: ‘© materials that he or she needs © how much the materials cost * other services you offer ‘Suucent 8: You are a client. Talk to Student A about materials you need for a project. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the order form. Quantity Price/unit | TotalMaterials 2 Get ready! Reading @ Before you read the passage, talk about @ Read the email. Then, mark the following these questions. statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 What materials are typically found behind the 1 The company uses one type of plaster to § walls in a house? create different textures. 2 What materials are used to make fancy or 2 __ The email recommends plastic windows decorative floors? instead of glass. 3 __ The email suggests using porcelain for fancy floors. Cee es eee ere eran ee Sd ‘ Vocabulary 6 Match the words (1-5) with the definitions | AE). Hello Ms. Nolan, f r 8 ‘Thank you for your interest in our services. Here is some fo 1 —aess 3 _ drywall Porcelain information about the materials we use fF 2 —marbie 4 rubber We offer the best drywall available. | A adelicate building material made from clay We create a variety of textures with our versatile plaster. i Bapolished stone thatis used asa building material Behind your walls, you willfind aframe | a flexible material made from natural of sturdy timber. Also, we use strong fiberglass for ' substances and chemicals plumbing and ducts. Thick rubber hoses and gaskets § b_amateria! made with paper and plaster keep you safe from leaks. ‘ RL TTEEETTA We recommend traditional glass to most ‘ ‘ homeowners, but we also offer transparent plastics that ate less expensive. a transparent substance used in windows We have a wide selection of floor tiles. Do ‘you want something fancy? Go with marble for your entryway or staircase. antic] We install beautiful kitchen and bathroom fixtures made from fine porcelain, pr DRYWALL AYAal bank. pT ‘ies fibergiass timber | @Fillin the blanks with the correct words from the word Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. ese paser 1 is made from strands of glass, butt is not transparent. Do you have any...? 2 The (on the bathroom floor are several different colors. You said you have .. 3. Cheap windows are sometimes made from transparent Fl go with .. * The frame of the house is made of strong covering walls. is a very common material that is used for @ @ Listen and read the email again. Why are plastic windows offered? Listening @ Listen to a conversation between a client and an architect. Choose the correct answers. 11 What is the conversation mainly about? ‘A. aproblem with a window installation B a comparison of window materials © safety features of different windows D changes toa window design 2 What does the woman decide? Ato choose the windows after the drywall is complete B to buy the less expensive window option © to get windows that show fewer scratches D to keep the windows that are currently installed Client: Hi, this is Kelly Nolan. | got your email about 1 {: Hello, Ms Nolan. Do you have any questions? 2? That's right. They are 3 they soratch more easily. : I see, And either type ls 4 into your 5 In that case, Ill 6 rather not see a lot of scratches. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Cc Actually, yes. You said you have windows made from than glass, but 2 Yes. They also come in the same sizes. They'll fit right glass. I'd Student A: You are a client. Talk to Student B about: + materials for your home + the benefits of different materials, * your decision ‘Suident &: You are an architect. Talk to Student A about materials for his or her home. Writ © Use the conversation from ‘Task 8 to complete the email from a client to an architect. To: o.baxter@baxterarchitecture.net From: kelly.nolan@sunnymail.net Subject: Re: Materials Dear Mr. Baxter, ‘Thank you for the information about available building materials. For my windows, I've decided to go with glass because | don't want to see a lot of scratches . For my gowith because Sincerely, _Kelly Nolan |; ©) reasonable, since early plastics were often brittle. However, | today’s technology makes plastics both durable and flexible. FA wise architect understands the benefits of building with plastics. Some plastics are opaque and others are transparent. That means some can be used to construct walls and others can be used to make windows. Plastics also vary in hardness. Rigid plastics create strong, solid structures. More elastic products make excellent insulators and sealants, Plastics are also easy to work with because they are often lightweight. However, they are often stronger than many other heavy materials. Be OS 7 | | j | | 1 B Describing Materials Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some benefits of building with plastics instead of traditional materials? 2 How do different surfaces affect the way light enters a building? Reading @ Read the article. Then, choose the correct answers. 1 What is the article mainly about? ‘A. advantages of building with new types of building materials B_ methods of building with traditional building materials processes for manufacturing different building materials D available building materials from a company 2. Which of the followings NOT a feature of plastics? A They come in cifferent degrees of hardness. B They are made into flexible sealants. They can be used to create windows. D They are usually heavier than other building materials, 3. According to the article, what is true about alder plastics? ‘A They were sometimes brittle. B_ They were more flexible than today's plastics. © They were usually transparent, D_ They. were more popular than wood and metal3 Architect 2: Oh, definitely. There's alotof3___— out there. Why do you recommend these Architect 1: I'd probably go with something 4_, though. eee Architect 2: That's a5 These sheds are supposed to be portable. Architect 4: Yeah, | think a newer material is the way to go. | Architect 2: You're 6 Vl check out some strong, rigid plastics. ‘toner seinienieren sere Vocabulary Speaking © Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F). © With a partner, act out the i roles below based on Task 7. 1 __ rigid 3 __ elastic 5 __ durable Then, switch roles. 2 __ heavy 4 _ opaque 6 __ hardness grea reerrey A having a great weight Lodanlaba ieee B not able to be seen through What would you...? © maintaining a form and not stretching easily ee oe D not easily broken I'd probably go with E the quality of how firm or solid something is F able to stretch easily Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about: * a project that he or she is @ Read the sentences and choose the correct words. working on 1 The wall was durable / brittle, so it cracked easily. © the desired qualities of the 2 The architect installed a(n) opaque / transparent panel to let building materials in more light. © which building materials to use 3. The flexible / rigid sealant can be squeezed into small spaces. 4. The door is heavy / lightweight, so one person can easily ‘Siucentlas You are an architect. carry it. Talk to Student A about building materials for a project that you @ @ Listen and read the article again. What is the benefit are working on. of a lightweight building material? Listening Writing © & Listen to a conversation between two architects. 9 se te conversation from. ot Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). es comp! 'e projes proposal. 1 __ The man recommends using lightweight building materials. 2 __ The woman needs a flexible building material, 3 __ The woman agrees with the man’s advice. @ & Listen again and complete the conversation. Location: Architect 1: Are you working on the airport storage sheds? Architect 2: Yes. | can't decide on the building material 1 you use? Architect 1: Hmm, Well, it certainly needs to be 2 ‘Type of building: = Recommended building materials: __ 291C! Education 1 seca agctcmsesaiaats 7 Designing buildings requires artistry. Get ready! But it also requires technical @ Before you read the passage, knowledge. A complete architectural talk about these questions. education requires several math and {WUIB— science courses 11 What math subjects are useful to architects? (.@= Requirements 2 Why should architects study physics? NL Gain an understanding of building fj Reading QP" acoustics and lighting. In addition, @ Read the webpage. Then, choose the learn the laws of heat flow through correct answers. A bulkings. 11 What is the webpage mainly about? Math 135 (Geometry | and 1)" - ‘These courses introduce points, segments, fines, and angles. Learn | [ how they relate to each other. In the B an overview of courses taught in second semester, create acourate 2D architectural school and 3D desians. © different architectural degrees available through a schoo! D a schedule of examinations at an ‘A. requirements for admission to architectural school Math 154 (Calculus )" - This course is essential for designing complex, sturdy buildings. architectural school “Prerequisites are Algebra and 2 Which of the following is NOT offered in the Trigonometry. These courses must architecture program? be completed prior to enrollment in ‘A. education on laws of heat flow i , Se seiammumacsent B introduction to geometric relationships . ae a © creation of 2D and 3D designs D_ courses in algebra and trigonometry f 3. According to the webpage, which course can students take without taking other classes first? A General Physics. Geometry I B Geometry! D Calculus |pe Vocabulary © Match the words (1-5) with the definitions (A-E). 1 __ point 4 segment 5 __ calculus — Physics — heat flow 2 3 A. aline between two points B an area of mathematics used to caloulate rates of change, among other things the study of the relationship between matter and energy D_anexact location on a surface E the transfer of hot energy to a cool area © write a word that is si lar in meaning to the underlined part. 1. This shape formed from two lines crossing each other measures 90 degrees. ane 2 There are no activities one must do first for this class. e____is___s 3. An education in the study ofthe size and shape of figures is essential for architects _-om_ 4 Draw a perfectly straight geometric figure on the graph. i 5 The study of triangles helps architects design pitched roofs. © G@ Listen and read the webpage again. Why do students need geometry and calculus classes? Listening @© G Listen to a conversation between a student and an advisor. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1___ The man is concerned that the physics course will be difficult. 2 __ The man needs to take a course in ‘trigonometry. 3 __ Calculus is a prerequisite for the physics course, @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Student: So do | need to take 1_ semester? Yes. it'sa2 next Advisor: Student: for your degree. Hmm. itjust seems 3 Why do I need it? Well it explains the science of 4 Ill help you understand heat flow, sound, and lighting, | guess those are pretty important concepts, Are there any 5 Just a course in 6 Advisor: Student: Advisor: Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. USE LANGUAGE SUCH AS: Do I need to take ..? Itexplains.... Frecommend taking... ‘Student A: You are an architecture student. Talk to Student B about: * classes you need to take ‘© why the classes are important © prerequisites for the class ‘Student B: You are an advisor. Talk to Student A about course requirements, Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the description of course requirements. ane Math Requiremen (One math course: : This class will help students It will also Prerequisites: ‘Trigonometry also recommended. 3132 1 5 Education 2 Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What are some different levels of education for architects? 2 What education is required to become an architect in your country? Reading @® Read the webpage. Then, choose the correct answers. 1 What is the webpage mainly about? A courses offered at an architectural school B changes in architectural education © the education required to become an architect D how to select an architectural school 2 Which of the following is NOT a recommendation on the webpage? A. Earn an architectural degree from an accredited institution. B Take examinations in preparation for choosing an emphasis, © Gain work experience through internships. D_ Use continuing education to maintain skills. 3 According to the webpage, why should architects enroll in continuing education? A. to qualify for internships B to keep up with new technology © to gain extra work experience D to pass licensing examinations Vocabulary © Match the words (1-6) with the definitions (A-F). 1 2 3 A c UL ee ea li a What education do | need? (Q] iene To become licensed, you must major in architecture. Choose an ‘emphasis in an area that you want} to pursue. This should prepare you for reel ecole Cah lett 7 i} r |) Apply for internships. You'll gain } valuable work experience. Also, ‘education. — licensed 4 __ examination —intemship 5 __- bachelor's degree acoredited 6 __ continuing education a status indicating that someone has completed aan education program i following standards that are defined by an official organization having official approval from an organization to do something fa temporary job in which students gain work experience short-term or part-time educational programs for professional adults an official test of someone's knowledge and abilities@ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word or phrase best fits each blank. 1 majored in / maintained A The student architectural ‘engineering at the university. B The architect. her skills by taking night classes. 2 master’s degree / emphasis A. The course is for students with a(n) (on historical architecture design. B The student earned a(n) In architecture last year. @ @ Listen and read the webpage again. Why should graduates apply for internships? Listening _ © @ Listen to a conversation between two architects. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The man wants an applicant who majored in a different subject. 2 __ The applicant will graduate from architectural school soon. | 3___ The man agrees to interview the applicant. @ & Listen again and complete the conversation. Architect 1: Did you look over the 1 2 Architect 2: Yes. This one 2 i Harriet Gunderson. | Architect 1: Let's see. So, she 3 architectural engineering. That's perfect. Architect 2: Yeah. And she got her 4. at Southern School of Architecture. Architect 1: That's a great school. How did she do on her 5. 2 Architect 2: Oh, she 6 them yet. Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about: * an applicant for an internship * the applicant's education * whether or not to interview the applicant Student &: You are an architect. Talk to Student A. about an applicant for an internship. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to complete the internship applicant review. Peer eereetcan Internship Applicant Review Applicant: Level of Education: Emphasis: Has the applicant graduated? Y / N Do you recommend hiring this applicant? Why or why not? 3334 Glossary connects ‘3D [ADJ-US] If something is 30, it extends in three directions and has length, width, and depth. ¢ accredited [ADJ-U15] If something is accredited, it has demonstrated that it follows certain standards that are ‘ defined by an official organization, acre [N-COUNT-U9] An acre is an imperial unit used to measure area. It is equal to 4,840 square yards. : aggregate [N-UNCOUNT-U1 1] Aggregate is grainy material such as gravel, broken stones, and sand that builders use § to make cement. airport [N-COUNT-U1] An airport is 2 building that is usually very large, where people board, depart, and wait for airplanes. § ¢ angle [N-COUNT-U14] An angle is a shape that forms where two lines meet each other. angular {ADJ-U6] if something is angular, it has angles instead of curves, ¢ arch [N-COUNT-U4] An arch is a shape that is curved at one end and has corners or an opening at the other end. ¢ asymmetrical [ADJ-U6] If something is asymmetrical, it does not have two identical sides that mirror each other. iH atttic [N-COUNT-U2] An atttic is a room at the top of a building, just below the roof. 9 average [N-COUNT-U8] An average is a number that represents a value in the middle of a set of values, It is qd calculated by adding several values together and then dividing the total by the number of values that were used bachelor's degree [N-COUNT-U15] A bachelor's degree is a certificate indicating that someone has completed an q educational program, usually after four years of study, and is qualified to work in a particular fel. basement [N-COUNT-U2] A basement is a room below ground level a bathroom [N-COUNT-U2] A bathroom is a room with a toilet and a sink, and often has a bathtub or shower. a bedroom [N-COUNT-U2] A bedroom is a room where someone sleeps. i bend [\-I-Ulg] To bend is to move or extend along a curve. : brick [N-COUNT-U11] A brick is a rectangular block made of hardened clay used for bulding wals and similar structures.) brittle [ADJ-U13} If something is brittle, its likely to break apart rather than bend or stretch, : building [N-COUNT-Ut] A building is a structure that typically has walls and a roof, and is usually occupied by people for some purpose. A calculus [N-UNCOUNT-U14] Galoulus is an advanced branch of mathematics that deals with rates of change and complex measurements of physical properties. a ‘cement [N-UNCOUNT-U1 1] Cement is a powder that builders mix with gravel and sand to make concrete, e centimeter [N-COUNT-U10] A centimeter is a metric unit of length or distance equal to 1/100 of a meter or about . 0.39 inches, fe circle [N-COUNT-Ud] A cirele is a shape that is round, in which each point along the edge is an equal cistance from fl the center. climb [V-7-U6] To climb something is to move or extend upward along it fi closet [N-COUNT-U2] A closet is a small room or cabinet that is used for storage. come to [V-T-U8] To come to something Is to equal a particular number after a mathematical operation. fl cconerete [N-UNCOUNT:U1 1] Conorete is & hard building material made from a mixture of cement, gravel, water, and sand. 5 ccone [N-COUNT:US] A cone is a 3D shape that has a circle at the base and rounded sides that meet at a point at the opposite end. fo ‘conference room [N-COUNT-U3] A conference room is a large room in an office building that is usualy used for meetings. | continuing education [N-UNCOUNT-U15] Continuing education is education consisting primarily of short-term or part-time courses provided for adults who are no longer enrolled in a formal education system.se 38. corner [N-COUNT-U4] A corner is the part of a shape where two edges or lines meet. cube [N-COUNT-U5] A cube is a 3D shape that has six square sides. cubic centimeter [N-COUNT-U10] A cubic centimeter is a metric unit of volume equal to 1/1000 of a liter or 0.6 cubic inches. cubic foot [N-COUNT-U9] A cubic foot is an imperial unit of volume, equal to the space of a cube with a length, width, and height of one foot each. cubic inch [N-COUNT-U9] A cubic inch is an imperial unit of volume. A cube with a length, width, and height of one inch each has a volume of one cubic inch, ‘cubic meter [N-COUNT-U10] A cuble meter is a metric unit of volume equal to 1000 liters or about 35.31 cubic feet. cuboid {N-COUNT-U5] A cuboid is a 3D shape that has six square or rectangular sides. curvy [ADJ-U6] If something is curvy, it has rounded surfaces, eylinder [N-COUNT-US] A cylinder is a 3D shape that has straight sides and a circle at each end. diamond [N-COUNT-Ud] A diamond is a shape that has four straight sides that are all the same length and different angles where the sides meet, divide by [V PHRASE-U8] To divide a number (x) by another number (y) is to split number x evenly into y number of parts, dome [N-COUNT-US] A dome is a rounded 3D shape that is similar to the top half of a ball door [N-COUNT-U2] A door is @ divider that can be moved aside to allow people to mave into and out of buildings or rooms. ‘drywall [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Drywall is @ materia that is used to make walls, consisting of large sheets of paper and plaster. durable [ADJ-U13] If something is durable, it lasts a long time and cannot be broken easily, elastic [ADJ-U13] if something is elastic, it can be stretched and retumed to its original form. levator [N-COUNT-U3] An elevator is a machine that moves people or objects up and down in a building, from one floor to another. ‘emphasis [N-COUNT-U15] An emphasis is an academic subject that someone gives extra focus or attention to. entrance [N-COUNT-U3] An entrance is a place where people can get in and out of a building, usually through a door. ‘equal [V-T-U8] To equal something is to be precisely the same number or amount as something else. ‘examination [N-COUNT-U15] An examination is an official test of someone's knowledge or abilities. face [N-COUNT-US] A face is a flat surface on a 3D shape, fiberglass [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Fiberglass is a strong, rigid substance made from thin strands of glass that is used to Create various products, including building materials fire escape [N-COUNT-U3] A fire escape is a set of stairs on the outside of a building that people use as an exit in case of emergency. flat (ADJ-U6] If something is flat, it has a level surface without curves. flexible [ADJ-U13} If something is flexible, it can be bent into a different shape easily. floor [N-COUNT-U3] A floor is a section or level in a building that may be higher or lower than other floors. {foot [N-COUNT-U9] A foot is an imperial unit of length equal to 12 inches. ‘Garage [N-COUNT-U2] A garage is a room next to a house with a latge door and is used for storing cars and other objects. | Geometry [N-UNCOUNT-U14] Geometry is an area of mathematics that involves the study of points, lines, angles, and the size and shape of figures. 3536 Glossary scene RE glass [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Glass is a hard material that is usually transparent and is often used to make windows. grade [N-COUNT-U7] A grade is the measurement of how steep a slope is. gram (N-COUNT-U10] A gram is a metric unit of weight equal to 1/1000 kilogram or about 0.035 ounces. hallway [N-COUNT-U3] A hallway is a narrow passage that leads from one area to another in a building. hardness [N-UNCOUNT-U13] Hardness is the quality of how firm or solid something is. heat flow [N-UNCOUNT-U14] Heat flow is the transfer of hot energy to a cool area, heavy [ADJ-U13] If something is heavy, it has great weight and may be dificult to move. hectare [N-COUNT-U10] A hectare is a metric unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters or about 2.47 acres. high-rise [N-COUNT-U1] A high-rise is a tall building with many stories hilly (ADJ-U7] If an area is hilly, it has many hills or slopes. hospital [N-COUNT-U1] A hospital is @ building where people go for medical help. hundred [N-COUNT-U8] Hundred is a way of expressing numbers in the thousands by counting how many times 100 {goes into the numiber. For example, the number 1,400 could be expressed as “fourteen hundred” -beam [N-COUNT-U11] An I-beam is a steel bar that supports heavy loads and which looks lke a capital I. imperial [ADJ-U9] if a measurement is imperial, it uses the system that is based on the ounce and the inch, inch [N-COUNT-U9] An inch is an imperial unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot internship [N-COUNT-U15] An internship is a temporary (usually unpaid) job in which students can gain practical work experience. iron [N-UNCOUNT-U11] Iron is a metal building material that is used to make steel kilogram [N-COUNT-U10] A kilogram is a metric unit of weight equal to 1000 grams or about 2.2 pounds. kitchen [N-COUNT-U2] A kitchen is a room that is used for preparing food, and typically has a sink, countertops, and appliances. landscape [N-COUNT-U7] A landscape is an area or region of land with a particular appearance. laundry room [(N-COUNT-U2] A laundry room is a room with a washing machine that is used for washing clothes. less [PREP-U8] Less is used to show that something is being subtracted. level [ADJ-U7} If something is level, itis flat and even. licensed [ADJ-U15] f someone is licensed, he or she has official approval from an organization or government body to do something, lightweight [ADJ-U13] If something is lightweight, it is not heavy. line [N-COUNT-U14] A line is a perfectly straight geometric figure that passes through points in both directions. liter [N-COUNT-U10] A liter is a metric unit of volume equal to 1000 cubic centimeters or about 61.02 cubic inches. living room [N-COUNT-U2] A living room is a room in a home for general use, usually including furniture for sitting, a television, stereo, ete. lobby [N-COUNT-U3] A lobby is an open area just inside the entrance to a building. ‘maintain [V-T-U15] To maintain something is to keep it current or functional. major in [V-F-U15] To major in something is to officially study a particular area or subject in order to earn a degree in that area. ‘marble [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Marble is a type of smooth stone that is often polished and used as a building material.master's degree [N-COUNT-U15] A master’s degree is the qualification that someone has completed a course of study at a higher level than a bachelor’s degree. metal {N-COUNT-U11] A metal is a building material that is hard, shiny, and malleable. meter [N-COUNT-U10] A meter is a metric unit of length or distance equal to 100 centimeters or about 3.28 feet. metric [ADJ-U10] If a measurement is metric, Uses the system that is based on the kilogram and the iter. minus [PREP-U8] Minus one number from another number means that the second number is subtracted or taken away from the first number. ‘mortar (N-UNCOUNT-U11] Mortar is a mixture of water, sand, and lime that is used to hold bricks and stones together. multiply by [V PHRASE-Us] To multiply a number (x) by another number (y) is to add number x to itself y number of times. office [N-COUNT-U3] An office is a 100m or group of rooms where people work or conduct business, usually at desks. office building [N-COUNT-U1] An office building is @ building in which people work {in offices). ‘opaque [ADJ-U13] If something is opaque, it cannot be seen through. ‘open (ADJ-U7] If an area is open, it is uncovered and does not have many features such as vegetation or buildings. ‘ounce [N-COUNT-U3] An ounce is an imperial unit of weight equal to 1/16 of a pound. oval [N-COUNT-U4] An oval is a shape that is rounded and longer than itis wide, similar to an egg. parking structure [N-COUNT-U1] A parking structure is a building, usually with several levels, in which people park cars. physics [N-UNCOUNT-U14] Physics is the sciontiic study of how matter and energy, such as heat and light, interact with each other plaster [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Plaster is made of sand, lime, and water and hardens when it dries. Plastic [N-GOUNT-U12] A plastic is a lightweight substance made from chemicals that is used to create a wide range of products, including building materials. plus [PREP-U8] When a number is plus another number, the two numbers are added together. Point [N-COUNT-U14] A point is a precise position on a surface that has no dimensions. Polygon [N-COUNT-U4] A polygon is a shape that has three or more straight sides. porcelain [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Porcelain is a smooth, delicate substance that is made from heating clay. pound (N-COUNT-U9] A pound is an imperial unit of weight equal to 16 ounces, prerequisite {N-COUNT-U14] A prerequisite is something that someone is required to do before doing something else, such as a basic class that a student must take before taking an advanced class. Pyramid [N-COUNT-US] A pyramid is a 3D shape with a polygon at the base and triangular sides that meet at a point at the opposite end, ‘rebar [N-UNCOUNT-U111] Rebar, or reinforcing bar, is a steel bar that is encased in concrete to make a structure stronger and able to support more weight. | Tectangle [N-COUNT-U4] A rectangle is a shape that has four straight sides, with each side the same length as the opposite side. Tesidence [N-COUNT-U1] A residence is a building in which people live. figid (ADJ-U13] If something is rigid, it maintains its form and does not stretch or bend easily. F tise [V-I-U7] To rise is to incline or move upward. | ound [ADJ-U6] If something is round, it has curves and is shaped like a circle, | Tuber [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Rubber is a strong, elastic substance made from plants and often chemicals. 37sand [N-UNCOUNT-U1 1] Sand is a loose, grainy substance made up of tiny rock particles. ‘school [N-COUNT-U1] A school is a building, usually with many rooms, where people go to learn. ‘segment [N-COUNT-U14] A segment is the part of a line located between two points ‘sharp [ADJ-U6] If something is sharp, it has a thin point or edge side [N-COUNT-U4] The side of an object or area is one of its edges. skyscraper [N-COUNT-U1] A skysoraper is a very tal building that is usually found in large oftes. slope [N-COUNT-U7} A slope is an inclined area, generally on the side of a mountain or hil ‘sphere [N-COUNT-US] A sphere is a round SD shape like a ball in which all points around the outside are an equal distance from the center. square (N-COUNT-Us] A square is a shape that has four straight sides that are all the same length and four equal angles where the sides meet. stairwell [N-COUNT-U3] A stalrwall is an area that contains stairs for walking from one level to another in a building. steet {N-UNCOUNT-U1 1] Steel is an extremely strong metal made from iron and carbon. steep [ADJ-U7] If somathing is ste it inclines upward sharply. stone [N-UNCOUNT-U11] Stone is a hard, natural substance that comes from rock and is used as a building material. ‘straight [ADJ-Ug] If something is straight, it continues in one direction, without curving or bending, structure [N-COUNT-U1] A structure is something that is made of multiple parts and usually stands by itself. ‘surface [N-GOUNT-US] A surta ‘symmetrical (ADJ-U6) If something is symmetrical, it has identical sices that mirror each other, is the top or outside layer of something terrain (N-COUNT-U7)A terrain is an area of land with particular physical features. tile [N-COUNT-U12] A tile is a fat piece of stone or clay that Is used to cover a surface, such as a floor or wall. timber [N-UNCOUNT-U12] Timber is wood that forms part of a building. times [PREP-Us] If a number is times another number, itis multiplied by that number. ton [N-COUNT-U9} A ton is an imperial unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds. tonne [N-COUNT-U10] A tonne is a metric unit of weight equal to 1000 kilograms or about 2204 pounds. topography [N-UNCOUNT-U7] Topography is the physical characteristics of an area of land. transparent [ADJ-U13] if something is transparent, it can be seen through easily. triangle [N-COUNT-U4] A triangle is a shape that has three straight sides and three angles. trigonometry [N-UNCOUNT-U14] Trigonometry is an area of mathematics that involves examination of triangles, thelr sides, and their angles. vegetation {N-UNCOUNT-U7] Vegetation is al the plants in an area, vestibule [N-COUNT-U3] A vestibule is a hallway that leads from an entrance to the main part of a building, warehouse [N-COUNT-U1] A warehouse is a buliding with a larga, open space inside, typically used for storage window [N-COUNT-U3] A window is an opening in @ wall that people can see through but rarely use as an entrance or exit. yard (N-COUNT-U9] A yard is an imperial unit of length equal to 86 inches or 3 feet. 38Book 1) Virginia Evans Jenny Dooley Dave Cook, ala ae Express PublishingScope and Sequence jan Architect dedicated, enthusiastic, hardworking, logical, organized, loutside the box, patient, persistent 4: Reading Unit Topic Vocabulary Function 1 [Qualities of “|Job listing artistic, attention to detail, computer savvy, creative, __| Giving examples 2 |Peoplein — [Aricie jacoustic engineer, architect, building surveyor, client, [Estimating time Architecture ‘consultant, contractor, electrical engineer, firm, |geotechnical surveyor, land surveyor, landscape architect, Imechanical engineer, self-employed, structural engineer 3 [Scale Textbook [design, express, fraction, fullsize scale, hundredth, one-to- (1), Admitting chapter percent, proportion, ratio, scale system, space, to scale _|confusion 4 [Sketches [Webpage _ abstract, anaiyiical sketch, component, conceptual (Offering sketch, draw, in detail, observational sketch, pen, pencil, |constructive preliminary, rough, sketch criticism 5 [Perspective [Guide [constructed perspective, converge, horizon, horizontal plane,| identifying line of view, perspective, sketch perspective, two-point | differences perspective, vanishing point, vertical plane, viewpoint 6 [Orientation Email ace, heat gain, natural ight, orientation, placement, position, |Asking for Prevailing wind, rise, set, shadow, site, solar heat gain clarification 7 [Concept [Advertisement brief, concept, develop, discuss, factor, function, goal, idea, impression, interview, purpose, specification, take into consideration, vision Asking for more detail installation, phase, plumbing, walk-through, wiring 8 |Site Survey [Email jaccess, adjacent, climate, existing, figure ground study, [Expressing a and Analysis historical tracing, locality, mapping, measure, serial vision, |concemn site analysis, site survey, temperature ® [Design Memo lapply, building occupancy classification, building permit, | Giving good news Factors icode, easement, floor-area-ratio, frontage, impervious surface, law, ordinance, regulation, septic analysis, setback, zoning 10 [Design Pamphlet | design, drainage, exterior, form, heating, Interior, Introducing oneself Elements landscaping, layout, lighting, materiality, route, ventilation |on the phone 77 [Detail Letter jappliance, budget, cabinet, cost estimate, detail [Asking for advice Development ldevelopment, determine, finalize, floor plan, furnishing, HVAC system, insulation, modeling, plumbing fixture 12 [Elements of [Textbook lconstruction, curtain wall, foundation, framework, Providing |Gonstruction |chapter {framework construction, load-bearing wall, opening, _| reassurance pile-driven foundation, roof, slab-on-grade, solid lconstruction, structure, support 73 [Construction [Bog bid, break ground, construction documents, contract, | Statinga Process lexcavation, finishing, framing, grade, inspection, preference 14 |Prefabrication| Article fassemble, element, housing unit, limit, mass produced, off-site, on-site, option, prefabricated, preformed, quality contol, transport, uniform Listing pros and icons 16 [Finished [Build sheet Building (cladding, cornice, door schedule, drop ceiling finish, frame, interior finishing, partition, remarks, siding, trim, hwindow schedule (Confirming information a biikiceaisiiaeaseiannsec os SSNS aN on ea espe SeesTable of Contents Unit 1 - Qualities of an Architect . oe oe ne Unit 2 - People in Architecture Unit S-Scale 0... eee eee Unit 4- Sketches 10 Unit 5~ Perspective 20.2.0... cc eeceeeccessereeteeveeteeeeeteeeee 12 Unit 6 - Orientation .. see ve 4 Unit 7- Concept 0.2... ec cceeeeeeeee fe eeetesereeersesee 18 Unit 8 - Site Survey and Analysis .........00..0.0cccececsseeeecsesseeseeeee 18 Unit 9 - Design Factors 20 Unit 10 - Design Elements 22 Unit 11 - Detail Development Unit 12 - Elements of Construction Unit 13 - Construction Process .. vee eee eeeeceeene fee ee eee 28 Unit 14 - Prefabrication 30 Unit 15 - Finished Building ............. wee . o 7 32 Glossary oo... eee4, Qualities of an Architect a ; Get ready! 4 Reading @ Before you read the passage, ® Read the job listing. Then, choose the talk about these questions. correct answers. 11 What does the architecture partnership do? ‘A. educate architects about new crafting software B build custom homes with unconventional designs © cultivate enthusiasm for home design D_ hold training on current trends in architecture 1 What are some of the qualities of a good architect? 2 Why must an architect be both artistic and logical? artistic 2 Which is NOT required of applicants? ‘A. experience in building custom homes B_ knowledge of current drafting software © ability to implement both artistic and logical solutions D functional understanding of design trends 3 According to the listing, why should architeots be able to think outside the box? A because of the particular region that the company works in B_ because they need patience to handle clients because the company places emphasis on dedication D because clients have unconventional design ideas ame Vocabulai Date: January 14 ry s Reply to: jobs@ curis-burke.com © Match the words and phrases (1-8) with the definitions (A-H). ‘A local architecture partnership is looking for a creative, (A-H). dedicated architect. We are seeking a candidate with 14 logical 5 _ patient experience designing residences. We want to work with ena een someone who is enthusiastic about bene desi! Se eee -ce with custom home building is a plus, but n ; roan ‘The ideal candidate will be hardworking and 4 _ dedicated 8 __ attention to detail jate knowledge of rafting A. skilled with planning and arranging in an orderly computer savy. Up-to-d software is essential. A qual working knowledge of design trends, 5 Our partnership oreates custom homes for clents in the A eae eter eg D E lified candidate will have a manner having a strong aesthetic sense sid be persistent Candidates should °° peo able to solve problems rationally we unconventional educated and skilled in the use of current ‘cand £ technology F able to handle situations calmly and without rushing G ability to identity and appreciate small aspects of the overall whole southwest area. organized, and patient with our st. Many of our clients hay 1es. Architects must be artistic y must also think of detail is a visions for their hom able to think outside the box. T logical solutions to design probiem: letters to the above email by mail, Please Please send résumés and cover address. You can also send a hard copy visit our website for further contact information done in an atypical or unconventional way =@ Read the sentence pairs. Choose which word best fits Speaking each blank. © With a partner, act out the 1. creative / persistent roles below based on Task 7. AA person will not give up easily. Then, switch roles. B _____people come up with unique ideas. 2 hardworking / enthusiastic A ______ people put a lot of effort into their work, Would you say ...? B ____people are very passionate about what they do. try to be @ @ Listen and read the job listing again. What should Student A: You are an interviewer. candidates be able to do when confronted with design Talk to Student B about: problems? * qualities you are looking for . + in a candidate Listening * his or her qualities, @ @ Listen to a conversation between an interviewer and an applicant. Mark the following statements as true (T) or ‘Student B: You are ajob false (F. applicant. Talk to Student A about 1. __ The man gives an example of his creative problem-solving your qualities as an employes. skills 2 __ Themen thinks artistic people are typically the most organized. Writing 3 __ The woman offers the man the architect position. © Use the conversation from | 7 Task 8 to fill out the intervie @ © Listen again and complete the conversation. Han RA laid Interviewer: Let's get started. First off, we're looking for someone who can use the new drafting software. ‘Are you pretty 4 7 Applicant: Yes. 2 sof all the latest design re Interviewer: Great. And would you say you're a3. thinker? Applicant: Yeah, Itry to4 as much as possible. Interviewer: Could you give me an example of a time you solv a problam creatively? Applicant: Well, my client's kitchen was. but she lots of counter space. So, 15 a drop-leaf Kitchen istand Interviewer: Fantastic. And w for our firm? Applicant Name: d Qualities: iat makes you the ideal candidate Do you pian to hire the applicant? Y/N Applicant: Well, | try to be both creative and logical. ’'m also Why or why not? oe very organized. A lot of artistic people 6Get ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1. What are some of the different careers in architecture? 2. What other building professionals do architects work with? ‘Are you planning on a career in architecture? If so, you probably want to be an architect, but some students don't understand the diversity of this field. Whether self-employed or with a firm, architects depend on relationships with other professionals. They interact daily with clients, surveyors, contractors, and consultants. Before any construction can begin, architects work with surveyors. For new construction, land surveyors and geotechnical surveyors usually assess the site first. Building surveyors are often called in to assess existing structures. Many engineers contribute to the project before and during construction. Structural engineers work with the architect to ensure the building's structural integrity. Electrical engineers and mechanical engineers design the building's utlities. Acoustic engineers handle noise reduction. This is especially important in apartment buildings, Specialists aliow architects to focus on what they co best. Some architects have specialties of their own, like landscape architects. No single person can become an expert in every field, Architectural teams work together to make building designs a reality People in Architecture Reading @ Read the article. Then, choose the correct answers. 1 What is the purpose of the article? A to review the benefits of internship at architectural firms B_to explain how technology has changed yy architectural careers © to describe different kinds of people that architects work with D_ to compare modem architectural careers with those of the past 2 Which job is NOT completed by an engineer? A. assessing the construction site B_ designing the building's utilities © ensuring the building's structural integrity D_ handling noise reduction 3. Which professional's work is especially important when building apartments? A building surveyor © acoustic engineer B structural engineer D landscape architect Vocabulary © Match the words and phrases (1-8) with the definitions (A-H). 1 _ firm 5 __ self-employed 2 _ client 6 __ building surveyor 3 __ contractor. 7 __ structural engineer 4 __ consultant 8 __ mechanical engineer working for onesetf rather than an employer a business involving the partnership of two or more people a person who designs a building's heating and ventilation systems D a person or company responsible for the physical construction of a building Ea person who measures and draws the existing landscape and buildings F a person responsible for making sure the building is sate G a person or entity for whom a job is performed H_ an expert who provides professional advice a> ° } i | ' | 7 | ‘ | , |ee @ Write a word or phrase that is similar in meaning to the underlined part. 1 Lauren is studying to be a(n) person who plans and designs buildings. a__h___¢ 2 After primary construction was finished, the company hired a(n) person who specializes in outdoor designs. -a@_ds___e ar_i___t 3. In apartment buildings, i's especially important to have a(n) person who specializes in noise reduction. o_s___ e___ne_r 4 The company hired a new person who determines the boundaries ofa properly. _an_ _u_ve___ 5 James used to be a(n) person who designs a building's electrical systems. _le_t_.c__ ___i__e_ 6 Ifthe ground is unstable, the person who assesses the earth at te will discover it, ec___¢_l @ @ Listen and read the article again. Who do architects work with before construction begins? tening @ G Listen to a conversation between two architects. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 __ The contractor requested clarification about the revisions. 2 __ The structural engineer is still going over the plans. 3 ‘The architects will order materials right away. @ © Listen again and complete the conversation. Architect 1: Hey, Josie. Have you heard back from the 1 for the Anderson project? Architect 2: Not yet, Mark. Not since we sent him the 2__ Architect 1: That's not good. | wonder what's taking so long? Architect 2: | don't know. Have you been in touch with the engineers? Architect 1: | talked to the electrical engineer and the 3 They're all ready to go. Architect 2: What about the 4 a) Architect 1: She's stil going over the plans. She said she'd 5 by the end of the week. Architect 2: How long do you think i'l be before we can begin | construction? | Architect 1: | think 6 sometime inthe | next two weeks. | Speaking © With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Have you heard ...? I talked to We'll be ready Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about * progress on an architectural Project * whom you have and have not heard from * when you will be ready to proceed with the project Student 8: You are an architect. Talk to Student A about progress on a project. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the progress update for the client. Hi Tina, This is a progress update on: _ Progress: We are currently waiting for Construction: __ Let me know if you have any questions, MarkGet ready! @ Before you read the passage, talk about these questions. 1 What is the importance of scale? 2 Why do architects express designs at different scale ratios? Drawing to scale is an S ca i @__exattal part of arctocural plans. Appropriate scale helps us understand the dimensions of a space. When architects design buildings, they must take scale into account, Note: Casual viewers often need visual references understand the scale system. Features like people and furniture provide a sense of proportion. Architects express designs in different scales depending on the size. Sometimes they oreate detalled models of srmall areas at full-size scale. For drawings, a one-to-one (1:1) ratio is far too large. Even at fifty percent, this is usually a problem. The sizes of buildings, rooms, and construction sites vary greatly, but all the drawings need to be about the same size. That's why different areas require different ratios. Details typically appear on a 1:8 scale. For a large building, ‘a one-hundredth scale drawing might be appropriate. Architects draw whole sites at a fraction of the size. For these, ratios of 1:1000 or 1:1250 are common. to 8 | Reading @ Read the textbook chapter. Then, choose the correct answers, 1 What is the passage mainly about? A how technology has changed scale drawing B why architects draw building plans to scale © who architects draw scale renderings for D when to do particular types of scale drawings 2 According to the chapter, what is wrong with a fifty percent scale? ‘A tis usually much too large. B itcan only be used for detail models, € tis inconsistent with the rest of the scale system. D It does not account for variations in building size, 3. Which is NOT an idea mentioned in the passage? A. Scale helps people understand the dimensions of a space. B A one-to-one ratio is too large to be practical for drawings. © Different scales are appropriate for dfterent drawings, D Architects use different scale ratios than other professionals. Vocabulary © Match the words and phrases (1-8) with the ns (A-H). 1 _ ratio 5 __ space 2 _ design 6 __ toscale 3. _ fraction 7 _-hundredth 4 __ express 8 __ scale system A. an area within an architectural plan, such as a room B_ a numerical representation of a part of a whole © done proportionately to the size of the real object D relationship between two quantities, E_ to represent something in a certain way F a method of expressing relationships between dimensions or quantities one of one hundred equal parts of a whole H_to conoaive of and render plans for something ; iFill in the blanks with the correct words and phrases from the word bank. one-to- yortion —-hundredith percent full-size scale For the client renderings, we reduced the size by twenty 2. Bridgette constructed a model at 3. The student’s drawing was slightly out of 4A ___five ratio is common for construction details. 5. The architect drew the plans using a one scale. | @ @ Listen and read the textbook chapter again. Why |” should drawings sometimes include features like people and furniture? Listening © @ Listen to a conversation between an architect and a client. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). 1 ‘The woman is dissatisfied with the sketches she received. 2 __ The woman requests a scale drawing of the building layout. 3 __ The man is going to draw a staircase with additional details. @ @ Listen again and complete the conversation. Architect: Well, ike I said in my email, il be doing some more formal renderings 1 Client: Okay, 'm 2 about all the different scale drawings. Why do you have to do more than one? Architect: Well, we draws things at different scale & to show different things. Client: Like what? Architect: For i re going to 4 the { tayout in a one-to-one hundred scale. That see the plans for the whole house. Client: if it sho Architect: You need to see some areas up close. For example, we'll do a drawing of the main staircase at a 5 - - scale. Client: 6 So you use a different more or less det nce, ws everything, what do we need the others for? to show Speaking @ With a partner, act out the roles below based on Task 7. Then, switch roles. Like | sail y Imaiittle confused For instance Student A: You are an architect. Talk to Student B about: * what scale drawings you plan to do ‘© why you use different scales © which features you will show with different scales Siucent ®: You are a client. Talk to Student A about scale drawings he or she plans to do. Writing © Use the conversation from Task 8 to fill out the order form for scale drawings. Wolfsburg Arehitecture Request for Scale Drawings Client Name: Type of Drawing Construction | Main stairs | 1:5