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Earthworks

Earthworks involve moving soil or rock to alter the topography of an area according to a design. Cutting removes material while filling adds material to achieve the desired topography. Earthworks are commonly used for roads, railways, canals, dams, and land grading. The prismoidal formula accurately calculates volumes of irregular solids like those encountered in earthworks. Example problems demonstrate calculating cut and fill volumes, slopes, and stationing using information from cross-section notes.

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763 views16 pages

Earthworks

Earthworks involve moving soil or rock to alter the topography of an area according to a design. Cutting removes material while filling adds material to achieve the desired topography. Earthworks are commonly used for roads, railways, canals, dams, and land grading. The prismoidal formula accurately calculates volumes of irregular solids like those encountered in earthworks. Example problems demonstrate calculating cut and fill volumes, slopes, and stationing using information from cross-section notes.

Uploaded by

Ysa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Earthworks

Earthworks are engineering works created through the


moving and/or processing of massive quantities of soil or
unformed rock.

Earthwork is done to reconfigure the topography of a site to


achieve the design levels.

Earthwork involves cutting and filling to achieve the required


topography.

Cutting
Cutting is the process of excavating earth material from a work
location to achieve the desired topography.
Filling
Filling is the process of moving the excavated material or additional
earth material to a work location to achieve the desired topography.
Applications of Earthwork

Typically, earthwork is done in the following projects:


Road works
Railways
Irrigation project such as canals and dams
Other common earthwork applications are land grading to reconfigure
the topography of a site, or to stabilize slopes
Prismoidal formula is accurate in finding the volume of
prisms, pyramids, wedges, and prismoids having irregular
end sections. The estimation of earthwork gives nearly an
accurate volume.
Example Problem
• The cross section notes of the ground surface at Sta. 1 + 200 of a
road survey, shows that the ground is sloping at a 10% grade
downward to the right. The elevation of the ground along the
center line of the proposed road at this station is 150 m and that of
the finished subgrade is 152 m. Width of subgrade is 7.00 m with
side slopes of 1.5:1.

1. Compute the distance of the right slope stake from the center of
the road.
2. Compute the distance of the left slope stake from the center of the
road.
3. Compute the difference in elevation of the right slope stake and the
left slope stake.
Example Problem

Given the cross section notes of an earthwork between Sta. 10 +


100 to 10 + 200. Assume both stations to have the same side
slope and width of the base.
Sta. 10 + 100
Left Center Right
6.45 0 4.5
+2.3 +1.5 +1.0

Sta. 10 + 200
Left Center Right
6.00 0 6.9
+2.0 x +2.6
1. Compute the side slope of both sections.
2. Compute the value of x at station 10 + 200 if it has a cross
sectional area of 14.64 m2.
3. Compute the volume between stations 10 + 100 and 10 + 200
using end area method with prismoidal correction.
Example Problem

The center height of the road at Sta. 7 + 110 is 2 m fill while at Sta.
7 + 160 it is 1.2 m cut. From Sta. 7 + 110 to the other station, the
ground makes a uniform slope of 4.8%.

1. Compute the slope of the new road.


2. Find the distance in meters from Sta. 7 + 110 in which the fill is
extended.
3. Compute the stationing of the point where the fill is extended.

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