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CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND THE BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Public transportation is vital in the operation of the economy and

industry all around the world. The use of public transportation is known for its

convenience and affordability. It consists of different transportation modes that

take people to travel together to their designated routes. Some of these include

buses, trains, trams, and rails. In other countries, just like in Thailand, they have

Tuktuk, a motorized, roofed tricycle that usually has room for one driver in the

front and two or three passengers in the back. Japan has its famous public rail

system and South Korea has its subway system, known for its impressive

features. In the Philippines, it is known for having jeepneys as the most common

mode of public transportation.

The Jeepneys are the most popular public utility vehicle in the Philippines,

which are wildly known for affordable transportation fare, crowded seating, and

magnificent designs. Jeepney has an open design that makes it easy for airflow

and for passengers to leave and enter easily. Its seating capacity can

accommodate 18-24 passengers. Commonly known as the King of the Road, it

has helped millions of commuters, especially laborers and students who cannot

afford private vehicles. For the last 70 years, it has become part of the culture of

the country as it also unintentionally symbolizes the innovation and artistry of the
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Filipinos. However, these jeepneys contributed a significant amount of air

pollution

which ruins our environment. The black carbon that it emits brings health risks to

passengers and commuters. Its emission contributes to climate change. Another

issue of the jeepneys is the passenger’s safety, its design is wide open, and it

can be prone to accidents. As it has no doors and just has very wide windows,

snatchers and thieves can get a high chance of stealing the passenger’s

personal items. Moreover, the design of seats that can accommodate up to 24

passengers is two long seats across each other which are not comfortable

enough as the passengers are expected to sit beside each other and fill the

jeepney. This can also attract perverts as each passenger can have skin-to-skin

contact with another.

As the Philippines strives for innovation and an affordable and safe way of

living, they created projects in transportation that will surely benefit millions of

Filipinos. The Department of Transportation launched one of its projects to

address transport-related problems and the demands of ever-changing

advancements and technology through the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization

Program or PUVMP. This program has been issued in 2017 under Department

Order (D.O.) No. 2017-011 or the Omnibus Guidelines on the Planning and

Identification of Public Road Transportation Services and Franchise Issuance or

the Omnibus Franchising Guidelines (OFG). The Public Utility Vehicle

Modernization Program or PUVMP aims to modernize and unify the fragmented

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PUV industry and to upgrade or replace PUVs that are older than 15 years to

comply with environmental and safety standards.

This program strives to transform the road sector of public transport

through the introduction of safer and climate-friendly vehicles, improved

regulation, and industry consolidation. It targets to improve the urban quality of

life, reduce economic losses due to time lost in travel, reduce health costs and

premature deaths, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and improve the

economic situation of the operators and industry by improving service quality

levels. This project will strengthen the CASA (convenient, accessible, safe, and

secure, and affordable) program in the transport sector. This will also generate

more jobs across the sector – mechanics, dispatchers, administrative staff, and

others. 

The PUVMP envisions a restructured, modern, well-managed, and

environmentally sustainable transport sector in which public transport drivers and

operators have stable, sufficient, and dignified livelihoods while commuters get to

their destinations quickly, safely, and comfortably. It is considered the largest

non-infrastructure flagship program of the administration being implemented

through ten individual and stand-alone components. Shift to Environment-

Friendly Vehicles. The PUVMP aims to replace the current fleet of old,

dilapidated public utility vehicles with modern, safe, and environment-friendly

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vehicles. Through fuel economy and encouraging the use of alternative fuels for

units powered by renewable energy.

The town of Bulusan is one of the municipalities in Sorsogon that

supported the implementation of the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program

(PUVMP). The Hyundai Asia Resources, Inc. (HARI), through its authorized

dealer Hyundai

Trucks and Buses Alabang (HTB Alabang), successfully turned over 15 units of

Class 3 HD50S Modern PUVs to the Bulusan Transport Service Cooperative

(BULTRASCO) during the group’s modern PUV launching held last April 18,

2022.

These modernized PUV covers to serve its own municipality and the

adjacent towns of Gubat and Barcelona en route to Sorsogon City proper and

vice versa. These modernized PUV is a closed van which will protect its

passenger from air pollution and provides comfort as it is air-conditioned. The

design of its seats is way more comfortable to sit in from the classic jeepney.

To fully understand and obtain meaningful result, one of the researchers is

a resident of Bulusan, Sorsogon where the study will be conducted. The

researcher experienced first-hand riding in the classic jeepney and the proposed

modernized jeepney. The experience of riding in a jeepney has several benefits

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and drawbacks. One of them is that a modernized jeepney's air-conditioned

interior makes riding in it more comfortable than in an older jeepney. The air

conditioning in the upgraded jeepney will somehow affect the other passengers if

there is a lot of baggage to bring, such as stinky fish.

SETTING OF THE STUDY

This study was conducted in the three (3) specific Barangay in the
municipality of Bulusan Which is Barangay Central, Poctol, and Madlawon.

HISTORY OF BARANGAY CENTRAL

Ang Barangay Central ay kilala bilang sentro ng Bulusan o sa tawag na

"HEART OF BULUSAN", kung saan dito nakasentro ang komersyo, pulitika at
sosyo-kultura gawain ng bayan. Dito rin matatagpuan ang munisipyo ng Bulusan,
mga malalaking establisyamento at ilang kainan. Tuwing araw ng Myerkules at
Sabado, sa Barangay Central binabagsak ang ilan sa mga produkto at ilang
barangay ng Bulusan upang ikalakal at ibenta ang ganitong gawain ay mas kilala
ng mga taga Bulusan sa tawag na SAUD, ito'y naging bahagi na ng kultura ng
Barangay Central.

Sentro ang ibig sabihin ng salitang Central at dahil na rin ang Barangay ay

naging sentro ng Bulusan, kinalaunan ito'y tinawag na Barangay Central. Noong

panahon sa gilid ng ilog ng Bulusan nakatira ang mamamayan dahil na rin halos

dito na matatagpuan ang pangaraw-araw na pangangailangan nila. Hanggang sa

kinalaunan, unti-unti ng dumarami ang tumitira sa lugar hanggang sa gilid ng ilog

unti-unti ng nagtatayo ng mga tirahan pakanlurang bahagi ng lugar sa may

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bahaging hilaga. Nagpapatunay din na mula noon ang Barangay Central ay

sentro na nga Bulusan dahil dito makikita ang mga ilan sa antigong bahay ng

mga kilalang tao noon at naging bahagi ng kasaysayan ng Bulusan, tulad ng

bahay ni Dra. Jose S. Reyes ang unang pilipinong pensyonados na ipinadala sa

Estados Unidos. Siya

rin ang naging delegado sa ginanap na 1935 Constitutional Convention. Naging

myembro ng Philippines Independent Mission to the U.S at naging Executive

Secretary ng dating Pangulong Serge Osmena noong 1945. Siya rin ang ika-16

na kalihim ng Edukasyon mula 1945 hanggang 1946. Kasama rin sa mga

kilalang tao noon ay sina Arsenio Fortes at si Fidel Borja. llan sa mga antigong

bahay ng mga kilalang tao ay napalitan na ng mas modernong kagamitan ngunit

may mga bahagi parin ng bahay ay nanatiling sa orihinal na ayos. Ang Barangay

Sapngan

at Looban ay dting sitio ng Barangay Central at ang ilang bahagi ng lupa sa

baybayin bahagi ng Dagat Pasipiko.

Noon sa panahon ng panunungkulan ng dating Pangulong Marcos

nabigyan ng alokasyon ang bawat barangay ng 100 sakong semento at 2,000
kada taon. Ito ang dahilan upang mahati ang Poblacion sa walong barangay.
Ang mga bahagi ng ilog ng Bulusan ay naging bahagi ng Barangay Sapngan, at
ang Barangay Looban ay naging isang hiwalay na Barangay mula sa Barangay
Central. Ang nasa hilaga ng Barangay Central ay ang Barangay Looban at
Dapdap, ang nasa timog at silanagan naman ay Barangay Sapngan at ang nasa
Kanluran naman ay ilang bahagi ng Barangay Dapdap.
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MISSION
Healthy, peaceful, and progressive community.

VISION
To enhance the living of constituents by creating a Barangay responsive
to their needs through effective, efficient valuable and productive service

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART IN BARANGAY CENTRAL

EMMAN F. EVANGELISTA
PB/BNC Chairman

EDELEN D. FUASA JOHN ERIC G. FIRMANES

Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad
(Chairman, Committee on) (Chairman, Committee on Ways and
Means)

ALEX F. GABUYO PEDRO F. FUGEN

Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad
(Chairman, Committee on Health & (Chairman, Committee on Peace &
Nutrition and Committee on Order)
Appropriation)
RICHARD H. CAMARA JAYSON A. FORTADES
Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad
(Chairman, Committee on (Chairman, Committee on Clean &
Education) Green)

BENNY F. HALIM CHRISTIAN G. FUGEN

Barangay Kagawad Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman
(Chairman, Committee on (Chairman, Committee on Youth &
Infrastructure) Sports Development)
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MARY JEDA T. BECERIL CHERRY G. FUGEN JANE F. DUMASIG MARTA F. GOB

BNS Barangay Secretary Barangay Treasurer RHM-1

BARANGAY MAP OF CENTRAL

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HISTORY OF BARANGAY POCTOL

Ang ngalan ng barangay ng Poctol ay mula sa isang malaking puno na

kung tawagin ay POKTOL”, na ayon sa mga matatanda noong unang panahon
sa may dakong itaas ng isang napakalaking Punong kahoy na nakatanim na
kung tawagin ay Poctol. Hanggang sa kinalaunan dito na ipinangalan at kinuha
ang Pangalan ng Barangay Poctol.

Ang barangay ng Poctol ay isa sa mga sentro na barangay ng Bulusan.

Isa sa pinakamalit na Barangay ng Bulusan at ang Opisyal na daanan ng mga
Sasakyan patungong sentro ng Bulusan at patungong bayan Ng Barcelona.
Halos
Maraming nakikitang istudyanteng nagdaraan patungong TESDA. Dito rin
makikita ang paaralang Central Ng Bulusan.

MISSION
Para maiangat Ang kabuhayan Ng mga tao sa pagbibigay Ng kalidad na
serbisyong pangkalusugan at nutrisyon;
A. Sa pamamagitan ng komprehemsibong plano at sapat na pundo.
B. Delikadong mga manggagawa na patuloy na nagbibigay ng
impormasyong pangkalusugan at nutrisyon.

VISION
Pamayanang nagkakaisa, nagtutulungan at aktibong pinatutupad Ang
hangaring makamit Ang wastong kalusugan at tamang nutrisyon sa maunlad,
tabimik, at masaganang kumunidad ng Poctolanon.
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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART IN BARANGAY POCTOL

RAQUEL H. CAMARA
Barangay Chairman

MA. FRANCISCA F. FURIO RONALDO L. GALVE

Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad
(Chairman, Committee on Health) (Chairman, Committee on Peace &
Order)

SALVADOR G. FRAGIO MELCHOR F. NAYAT

Barangay Kagawad Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman
(Chairman, Committee on (Chairman, Committee on)
Infrastructure)

QUENNIELYN NAYAT
Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman
(Chairman, Committee on Youth &
Sports Development)

BEA G. EVASCO CRISTY F. MENDIZABAL GILBERT F. GAURINO LEA E. FIRMANES

BNS Barangay Secretary Barangay Treasurer DCW
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BARANGAY MAP OF POCTOL

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HISTORY OF BARANGAY MADLAWON

Barangay Madlawon was created by virtue, of RA 9425 enacted on 1969,
with a land area of 11,196 square meters) has divided into 5 Puroks. Bounded on
the East by Barangay Dapdap, in the West by Upper San Jose, on the North by
Barangay Dancalan and in the South by Barangay Poctol. Madlawon is located
near part of the Municipality of Bulusan at a distance of almost a kilometre away.
Most of the workforce of the inhabitants are farmers and fishermen, with a
handful of professionals from different walks of life, teachers, doctors, attorneys,
engineers, architects, retired govt. employees and members from the PNP and
ZFP. Barangay Madlawon is progressive barangay steamed in this little place
with 34 Sari-Sari stores, and a Cooperative bloom as part of the growing
economy. Almost all of the households are connected with electric supply and
mostly are in the level 3 in the supply of potable water. Transportation is viable
with a growing faster way of communication likes Smart, Globe and Sun Cites.
Buses and jeepneys are always available to and from the city.

MISSION
To alleviate the nutrition of the people in sustaining good quality services
of health and nutrition, promoting the comprehensive plan with sufficient funding
and dedicated health workers in promoting vital information on health and
nutrition.

VISION
To create a community who is actively assisting to reach the goal in
promoting proper health and nutrition and to attain progressive, peaceful and
prosperous community.
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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART IN BARANGAY MADLAWON

LORENZO F. FUSTER
Barangay Chairman

LIZA S. HASTA DAVID F. FULLEROS

Barangay Secretary Barangay Treasurer

DOMINGO D. FRANCIAL RONALDO H. FURING ZENAIDA D. FRANCIA

Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad

LORENZO F. ESPAÑO, JR. ELPIDIO F. FRESTO ANTONIO R. FOSTER, JR.

Barangay Kagawad ARIEL F. ENTERIA
Barangay Kagawad Barangay Kagawad
Barangay Kagawad
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BARANGAY MAP OF MADLAWON

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

BLOCK 1 (INPUT)

This study is about the level of acceptance on the modernized jeepney from

three barangay in the municipality of Bulusan. It also includes the assessment of

the respondents in identifying its efficiency.

BLOCK 2 (PROCESS)

It shows the process of determining the level of acceptance on

modernized jeepney of the three barangay in the municipality of Bulusan through

the survey questionnaire. The collected data and information will be recorded

and analyzed using statistical treatment to get the percentage and average

scores of the answers of respondents and will be subjected for interpretation to

promulgate indication and conclusion for proper recommendation.

BLOCK 3 (OUTPUT)

This includes the results from the survey and data collected. This block

presents the overall evaluation of the responses regarding the level of

acceptance on modernized jeepney of the three barangay in the municipality of

Bulusan.
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CONCEPTUAL PARADIGM OF THE STUDY

INPUT PROCESS

 Survey
Questionnaire
 Records
 Interviews
 Data
interpretation

1. What are the Demographic

Profile of the respondents in terms
of.
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Civil
1.4 Occupation
OUTPUT OUTPUT
1.5 Ethnic origin
1.6 Religion
2. To identify the issues in the
implementation of the modernized
jeepney in the town of Bulusan. The Level of
3. To assess the efficiency of the Acceptance of
modernized jeepney in the town of Modernized
Bulusan. Jeepney in the
4. To know the Level pf acceptance Town of Bulusan,
of modernized jeepney in the town Sorsogon
of Bulusan.
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FEEDBACK

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to know the Level of acceptance of modernized jeepney in

the three (3) Barangays of Bulusan, Sorsogon.

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the Demographic profile of the respondents with regards to the

following variables:

1.1 Gender;
1.2 Age;
1.3 Civil Status;
1.4 Occupation;
1.5 Religion; and
1.6 Educational Attainment?

2. What are the drawbacks with the implementation of the modernized

jeepney in the town of Bulusan?

2.1 Lack of Jeepneys;

2.2 High Cost;
2.3 Environmental Problem (Diesel Powered & AC);
2.4 Minimal Cargo/ baggage allowance; and
2.5 Health Risks?

3. What are the benefits of the modernized jeepney in the town of Bulusan?

3.1 Safety;
3.2 Comfortability;
3.3 Beautify our roads with attractive jeepneys;
3.4 Standardized schedule;
3.5 Decrease detrimental environment effects; and
3.6 Increase employment opportunities?
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4.  What is the preference of public commuters in terms of public utility

jeepneys?

4.1 Modernized Jeepneys; or

4.2 Traditional Jeepneys?

5. What are the mechanisms or recommendations in the success of the

implementation of the program regarding the modernization of jeepneys?

5.1 Jeepneys must be more environmental friendly;

5.2 Commuters may be given additional option; and
5.3 Cargo allowance must be flexible

ASSUMPTION OF THE STUDY

The study focuses on the level of acceptance on the modernized jeepney

in the three (3) barangays in the municipality of Juban. The following

assumptions were made:

1. The respondents of the study varies based on their age, gender, civil

status, occupation and educational attainment.

2. The drawbacks with the implementation of the modernized jeepney in the

town of Bulusan varies.

3. The benefits of the modernized jeepney in the town of Bulusan varies.

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4. The preference of public commuters in terms of public utility jeepneys vary

5. The mechanisms or recommendations in the success of the

implementation of the program regarding the modernization of jeepneys

varies.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The researchers believe that this research will be very useful to every

public commuters that avail the service offered by public utility jeepneys. In

addition, the study will also be beneficial to the following:

1. LEGISLATORS- It will be of great benefit to the legislators because they will

be provided with scientific assessment about the program on the modernization

of jeepney which will may lead in the crafting of local ordinances and

amendments in this regards.

2. PUBLIC COMMUTERS – They greatly benefit from this research because this

research will be an instrument of information dissemination about the

modernization of jeepneys; its drawbacks and advantages

3. FUTURE RESEARCHERS- Future researchers can use this study as their

guide and serve as one of their local studies

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This study mainly focused on the level of acceptance of modernized

jeepney in the three barangays in the municipality of Bulusan, Sorsogon. This

study is limited to the barangays of Central, Madlawon and Poctol. Other nearby

barangay is not included in the study.

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The respondents of this study will come from the said barangay. No other

respondents will come from other places outside the said barangay.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Commuter A person who regularly travels between home and work.

Implementation is the execution or practice of a plan, a method or any design,

idea, model, specification, standard or policy for doing something. As such,

implementation is the action that must follow any preliminary thinking for

something to what is happened.

Issues A subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about.

Modernized Jeepney retains the traditional look of the old, classic- style

jeepneys, include new features such as higher ceilings and doors on both sides,

as well as optional air-conditioning and CCTV cameras for security.

Public Utility Jeepney (PUJ) are the most popular means of transportation in

the Philippines. They are known for their wide seating mostly can occupy 20

which have become a symbol of Philippine culture and art.

Public Utility Vehicle Modernized Program (PUVMP) One of the practical

solutions to the problems in transport can be found in the development of

sustainable public mobility, accessibility, and customer service comparable to

private vehicles.
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