NSC 201 LECTURES FINITION OF NURSING. sing as Niet patient fo m and quiet environment housekeepers, but people + Virginia Hender unique function of the m in the care of the sick. al, siek or well, in the per aceful dewth) that be Jing to health or its recovery ( th, wil, of those activi would perform unaided if he had the necessary str this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible”. Both of to the client and the client's environment, But untike nl iH them described nursing in relat Nightingale, Henderson saw the r a1 with both healthy know ledged that and mentioned the teac iation (ANA) defined uals, ales of the nurse sing as the protestion, promotior N tion of of illness a injury, allew optimization of health and abil suffering through diagnosis and treatment of hi of individuals, families, © ies, and populations” + International Couneil of Nursing (ICN) defined “Nur and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, gr cluding the pro ng as encompassing aut or well and in all settings care of ill, disabled and dying people” tions: Certain things common to many of these defi caring + Nursing © Nursing is an art © Nursing is a science © Nursing is holistic © Nursing is adaptive © Nursing is concerned with health promot restoration, + Nursing is a helping profession. ny health maintenance, and health Who are the recipients of Nursing? Ps and communities, sick notion of health, prevention of illness, andDn eileen LN Sanaa . See ov ity ov services. They are CONSUMeCs Of her + See responsible for his own health SCOPE OF NURSING - a Nurves provide care for 3 types of cli Naming practice involve 4 areas © Promoting health and wellness, + preventing illness, restoring health, and ring for the dying, both healthy and ill activities to enhance healthy life styles like 1, Promoting Health and Wellness: Nurses promote wellness in clients who This may involve individual and commu improving nutrition, and physical fitness, «l work place, isuse, in the hom * preventing drag and alcohol n + Restricting smoking, and preventing accidents and inj in optimal health by preventing disease. 2. Preventing Ilines The goal of prevention program is n Nursing activities that prevent illness include: * immunization Prenatal and infant care and ase through rly detection of di ¢ Prevention of sexually transmitted infections Restoring health focuses on ill client, and it extends from ea helping the client during the recovery period. Nursing activities include the following: * Providing healtheare to the ill person, such as medication, baths, and specific procedures and treatments. Performing dingnostic and essential procedures such as measuring blood pressure and examining feces for occult blood, {Consulting with other health professionals about client problems, es that will accelerate recovery * Teaching them about recovering activities, like exerci after a stroke, ptimal functional levels of physical or mental illness, . Rehabilitating clients to their o| injury or chemical addiction,[ practice setting Open to most naraeg easingys they workin een Woe, Tes, health maim, Setting for nurs! + Inthe past, 20 ‘Today , many nurses W sentres. al nursing practice © font degrees of nursing auto 1 clients and support persons, Serve as nursing lie i She vari omy and responsibilit tead cies affecting consumers advocates and 3 tne community and in hospitals Pvc ae Receams of sin mre amr MeN Nurses sume a Mune ofa concurrently, not exlusively of the one another: ; viding physical care and teaching out these roles act as a counselor while provi Nurses often cart © Bug the nurse aspects of that care. j «The roles required at a specific time depend on the needs of the ¢ Jient and aspects of the particular enviro ea i assist the client physically This role has traditionally included those activities that assist the client physically i ing the client's dignity. and psychologically while preserving the client's dignity a + The required nursing actions may involve full care for the completely dependent client, partially dependent client, and supportive- educative care to assist clients attaining their highest possible level of health and wellness. Care giving includes the physical, psychological, developmental, cultural and spiritual levels. + A nurse may provide care direetly or delegate it to other caregivers. 2. Communicator: to all nursing roles. Nurses communicate with the client, © Communication is integr support persons, other professionals, and people in the community. ¢ Inthe role of a communicator, nurses identify client problems and then communicate these verbally or in writing to other members of the health team. The nurse must be able to communicate clearly and accurately in order for the client’s healthcare needs to be met. 3. Teacher : Asa teacher the nurse helps clients learn about their health and healthcare procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain their health, The nurse assesses client learning needs and then plan and teach the clients. 4. Case Manager: Nurse ease manager works with the multidisciplinary healthcare team to ensure the effectiveness of the case of the case management plan and to monitor outcomes. Each agency or unit specifies the role of of the nurse manager. 5, Client Advocate: * A client advocate acts to protect the client.Im this role the presents the client's needs €0 other health professionals, ist nation to the physician. Is ke relaying the client's wishes for infor 6, Counselor : c imarily healthy individuals with normal adjustmes «The nurse counsels primarily y \justment difficulties The nurs: tipm helping the person develop new atttudes,feetings and Petiaviors = nd foc ye elont to look at alternative Behaviors, recognize the ehoices, and Gevelop a sense of control. ake modifications in their behavior. 7. Change agent : the health care system like clinical, ifit is not helping a The nurse assists the client tom She also acts to make changes client to health. 8. Leader: : : a ascee vor influences others €0 work together to accomplish a specific goal Joyed at different levels: individual client, family, groups of ‘The leader role can be emp! clients, colleagues, or the community. Manager: ‘The nurse manages the nur: manager also delegates nursing supervises and evaluates their performances. 10. Research Consumer: Nurses often use research to improve clients care. eness of the process and language of research .d to protecting the rights of human subjects f significant researchable problems and 9 z care of individuals,families and communities. The activities to ancilliary workers and other nurses and. In a clinical area, nurses need to: a), have some aware b), be sensitive Co issues relate: ©). participate in the identification o d). be a discriminating consumer of research findings. IS NURSING AN ART AND A SCIENCE? The Art of Nursing Like any profession, simply knowing information doesn't mean much. that theory be married with practice, and in nursing, this means that Most professions requir nurses must use their knowledge to help patients with a finesse that puts the patients at ease. Becoming a great nurse is more than just having information in their head. Indeed, to access the “art” of nursing, a person must bridge their knowledge with know-how. Florence Nightingale was the first to coin the phrase, the Art of Nursing, ‘She understood that Nursing is a profession in which physical tasks must be adapted into individualized patient care, making Nursing an educated art form * Empathy and compassion are at the forefront of what makes Nursing an art + Empathy is the ability to feel the emotions of others. As Nurses, we Gare for patients when they are most vulnerable. When patients seek medical attention, they can often be fearful, sad, or even angry. To care for these patients respectfully and efficiently, Nurses must be able to empathize with patients to facilitate a strong Nurse-patient relationship to promote healing + Gompassion is the ability to feel the emotions of others while experiencing a desire © helP. Nursing is @ helping profession and to be an excellent Nurse, you must genuinely want to helpothers. The task-orient Nursing can sometimes challenge Nurses to maintain a iented approach to Nursi Ing can sometimes challenge Nut human connection te our patient Stil, we must always ative to conrect wi pone patents fo eneure they are cared for comprahansively ind why we do the things we do is what makes Nursing an an form he Science OF Nursing ‘The science of Nursing is the ‘why’ behind the tasks we carry out daily. The Nursing profession js built on evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice collects, processes, and implement h findings into clinicat tents research findings inte clinical practice and Improves patient outcomes. Ifyou are a nurse, science is your forte, You've studied human anatomy and learned the ins and outs of diseases, disorders, and disabilities. ‘You are acutely aware of the task at hand and what is required of you, But even more than the actual nursing side of things, you must also be aware of new policies and procedures at your hospital or clinic. eon something as simple-seeming as paperwork needs to be completed with @ selentfie mind and an attention to detail ‘as Nurses, we strive to provide our patients with the best care possible, o we must ensure that our actions and tasks are Well researched and have been shown to improve the health and safety of our patients. his is what the science of Nursing is all about, having a reason behind aur actions and an a understanding that our interventions improve the outcomes of patients. Education is also at the foundation of the science of Nursing Nurse, we must complete coursework that prepares us to meet the diverse needs * Tobecome of our patients and become safe healthcare professionals nthe intricacies of the human body, disease Nursing coursework includes detailed education o processes, health palicy, and hands-on instruction to develop clinical skil sets The nursing curriculum has been well studied and tallored to ensure that new graduate Nurses can provide safe patient care. «We know that Nursing programs are effective in producing safe healthcare workers because we have been able to research and understand what education and skills are needed to produce safe novice Nurses Once a Nurse has graduated from a Nursing program, they must complete continuing education courses to continue to improve their knowledge and skills. never stop learning and growing And as medicine is constantly ever-changing, Nurses can The Nursing Profession + Nursing is not just a career option. It is a true craft where individuals must be able to ineorporate evidence-based practices into compassionate and individualized patient care. + tis truly a scientific art that must be carried out precisely and efficiently for our patients 0 receive the highest quality and most up-to-date care.The science of Nursing explains a Nurse of Nursing is centered around the humar The art and science of the Nursing profe: new healthcare interventions and continuing to improve upon our human Nursing is @ delicate balance of skill, expertise, compas Without each other, the Nursing professi an art 8 daily work and why task sion is ever evolving as we Jon Would not be the re ced profession it is are performed, while the art ions needed to truly be an effective Nurse are continually developing ich to health ion, and empathy