What are the 16 Personality Types?

“What did the online personality type say to the doctor after running some tests? Is this going to be viral?” -
Comedian unknown

Personality jokes aside if at some point in your life, you have ever wondered what your personality type is,
then you must have taken a Personality test. Now, there are tonnes of personality questionnaires and tests available
online but the Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator is probably the most widely used personality test in the
world.

It's also one of the most regularly debunked even though about 2 million people take it annually. It is believed that
these tests are based on some long-standing myths about what personality really is and how we can measure it.

A personality test can give you a great deal of insight into the core components that make up who you are.
Personality is a thing that individuals informally assess and describe every day. During interactions, people frequently
refer to different characteristics of an individual's personality.

Your job depends on it, your marriage compatibility gets a cue from it. But are personality tests still valid? Most
personality assessment instruments are in fact introspective. Personality tests use questionnaire as a data collection
method to know more about your personality type, your intelligence, your interpersonal skills, and more!

What is a Personality Test?

A personality test is any of a series of standardized tests designed to accurately and consistently measure
personality. It is simply a way to assess an individual's personality construct. Most personality tests are coined into
introspective self-report questionnaire measures from life records such as ratings.

Personality tests are primarily used for identifying perceived strengths and weaknesses in the character
combinations of an individual to give them a direction such that only their strengths are amplified and the
weaknesses reduced to a bare minimum or eliminated.

What are the Four Temperament Personality Types?

A study from Carlos III University of Madrid shows behavior types of 90 percent of the human population can be
grouped into; optimistic, pessimistic, trusting, and envious. Individuals are either; optimistic, pessimistic, trusting
and/or envious.

Of the four types, envious, is the most common, with 30 percent compared to 20 percent for each of the other
groups. Unlike the Myers-Briggs, this temperament theory has its roots in the ancient four humors theory.

A more common and widely accepted explanation of personality types is the four temperament theory. A proto-
psychological (the study of human psychology) theory which suggests four fundamental personality types: sanguine,
choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic.

These were associated with the domination of various biological functions. These temperaments come to the most
obvious manifestation in childhood, between 6 and 14 years of age, after which they become subordinate (in most
cases).

1. Sanguine (optimistic, active and social)

Sanguines tend to be more extroverted and enjoy being part of a crowd. Sanguine personality is typically
described as highly talkative, enthusiastic, active, and social. Individuals with this personality have a hard time doing
nothing and engage in more risk-seeking behavior.

2. Choleric (short-tempered, fast or irritable)

Choleric individuals tend to be more extroverted. They are described as independent, decisive, and goal-
oriented, and ambitious. These combined with their dominant, result-oriented outlook make them natural leaders.
In ancient history, they were thought to be violent, vengeful, and quick-tempered.

3. Melancholic (analytical, wise and quiet)

 Melancholic individuals tend to be analytical and detail-oriented, and they are deep thinkers and feelers.
They are introverted and try to avoid being singled out in a crowd. A melancholic personality leads to self-reliant
individuals who are thoughtful, reserved, and often anxious because they strive for perfection.

4. Phlegmatic (relaxed and peaceful)

Phlegmatic individuals tend to be relaxed, peaceful, quiet, and easy-going. They are empathetic towards
others, yet they try to hide their emotions. Phlegmatic individuals also are good at generalizing ideas or problems to
the world and making compromises.

Myer-Briggs Personality Types (Socionics Theory)

Socionics, in psychology and sociology, is a theory of information processing and personality type,
distinguished by its information model of the psyche. The idea of Socionics is that information is intuitively divisible
into eight categories, called information aspects, which a person's psyche processes using eight psychological
functions.

The purpose of Socionics is to provide a means of predicting the character of relations and degree of business
compatibility, information sharing and psychological compatibility of people before their joining in one collective
group.

Socionics is extraversion (E), sensing (S), thinking (T), judgment (J), introversion (I), intuition (N), feeling (F),
perception (P).

Socionics divides people into 16 different types, called sociotypes which are; ESTJ, ENTJ, ESFJ, ENFJ, ISTJ, ISFJ,
INTJ, INFJ, ESTP, ESFP, ENTP, ENFP, ISTP, ISFP, INTP & INFP. A formal conversion is carried out following the Myers–
Briggs Type Indicator.

The 16 Myer-Briggs Personality Types

1. The Inspector (ISTJ Personality)

ISTJs are serious, proper, and formal in appearance which can be intimidating. They are cultured and have an
affection towards tradition. In contrast, they are quiet and usually calm. They are called inspectors because of their
keen attention to detail. ISTJ are rule followers who always take the logical approach towards their goals and
projects.

Their dominant cognitive function is introverted sensing which helps them take in the details about their
environment while their auxiliary cognitive function is extraverted thinking which makes them efficient and logical
thinkers.

In their relationships, they are very loyal to their friends and family members. Usually, they have a small circle with
who they prefer spending their time with. The ISTJ thrives in jobs that require structure, logic, and stability.

2. The Counselor (INFJ Personality)

INFJs are visionaries who have a different view of the world. They love introspection and refuse to take things at
a surface level. They could be termed weird by others because of how they see life. The INFJ are idealists who love
understanding complex issues. They are reserved leaders who are usually creatives due to how easily they get
inspired.

Also known as the diplomats, the INFJ prefers to cooperate with members of their team as opposed to conflict.

The dominant cognitive function of an INFJ is introverted intuition which helps them focus on internal insights and
generally influences their decision making. Their tertiary cognitive function is an extraverted feeling which makes
them highly sensitive to the feeling of others or what others refer to as being empathetic.
The INFJ thrives in jobs that require a deal of compassion, psychology and/or collaboration.

3. The Mastermind (INTJ Personality)

INTJs are introverts who are comfortable being by themselves. They would avoid socializing as it drains their
energy. They excel at developing plans and strategies. As analytical problem solvers, this personality type is strategic
and innovative

Their dominant cognitive function is Introverted intuition which they use to read between the lines and unravel
patterns. The auxiliary function is extraverted thinking which makes them deliberate about solutions and highly
organized.

Also known as the architects, the INTJ thrives in jobs that require logical systems and innovative solutions. They
usually prefer to work alone. In relationships, they are loyal and are great at encouraging their partners

4. The Giver (ENFJ)

ENFJs are individuals who are people-centered. They rely mostly on their intuition and feelings and tend to live
through their imagination. They focus on abstracts and what could happen in the future. They are highly empathetic
not just to their close friends and family but people in general. The ENFJ generally loves feedback and they can be
referred to as people pleasers.

Their dominant cognitive function is an extraverted feeling that helps them be in tune with other people’s feelings.
Their auxiliary functions are introverted intuition that makes them focus on the future as opposed to the present
moment. They thrive in jobs where they can encourage others and push them to grow. This also includes
humanitarian focused jobs. In relationships, they are supportive and always willing to understand their partners

5. The Craftsman (ISTP)

ISTPs are mysterious, rational, and highly logical bunch. They are spontaneous and unpredictable most times
albeit oblivious to those around them because they are experts at hiding their true nature. Their dominant cognitive
function is introverted thinking which makes them focus on the logical aspect of a situation. The ISTP’s auxiliary
cognitive function is extraverted sensing which helps them focus on abstract things. They thrive in jobs that require
technical expertise and physical activity. In relationships, they are calm lovers who prefer being handy around the
house

6. The Provider (ESFJ)

ESFJs are stereotypically known to be extroverts. They are cheerleaders and raise the spirits of those around
them earning them popularity. Because of their nature, they are easily liked and people easily warm up to them.
Their dominant cognitive function is extroverted feeling that makes them work and make decisions based on their
gut feeling. The ESFJ’s auxiliary cognitive function is introverted sensing which helps them focus on the present
instead of the future or other abstract details. They thrive in jobs that require processes and interpersonal skills. In
relationships, they are the traditional partners who believe in structure and stability.

7. The Idealist (INFP)

INFPs are usually reserved and introverted. They usually spend time all by themselves in quiet places. They
love analyzing signs and symbols using them to draw inferences in explaining what is happening around them. Their
dominant cognitive function is introverted feeling which helps them with processing emotions internally. The INFP
auxiliary cognitive function is the extraverted intuition that helps them focus on the big picture through imagination.
They thrive in jobs that require visions and aligns with their goals/ interests. In relationships take time to select their
friends and they are quite big on comprise.

8. The Performer (ESFP)

ESFPs are mostly perceived to be entertainers. They enjoy being in the spotlight. They enjoy exploring and
learning to share what they’ve learned with others through their strong interpersonal skills. Their dominant cognitive
function is extraverted sensing which helps them stick to facts instead of abstract ideas. The ESFP’s auxiliary
cognitive function is introverted feeling which helps them make decisions.

They thrive in work environments where they can be spontaneous, move around often, and involves the use of
artistic values. In relationships, the ESFP will prioritize their family and loved ones over anything although they can
also strongly dislike a structured life.

9. The Champion (ENFP)

ENFPs are highly individualistic and refuse to live their lives inside a box. They strive to create their own
methods of doing things. They operate with their feelings and are highly perceptive and thoughtful. Their dominant
cognitive function is extraverted intuition which allows them to focus on abstract thoughts and patterns. The
auxiliary cognitive function is introverted feelings which make them focus on their feelings rather than logic.

In relationships, the ENFP is always expressive and share affection openly. They also thrive in jobs that demand
creativity and imaginative solutions.

10. The Doer (ESTP)

ESTPs are governed by the need to interact with others. They are interested in abstracts and theories. They
are spontaneous and risk-taking. They aren’t afraid of making mistakes as they make it up as they go along. Their
dominant cognitive function is extraverted sensing which makes them action-oriented. The auxiliary cognitive
function of an ESTP is introverted thinking which makes them highly disciplined and very observant. They thrive in
career paths that require mechanical skills, flexibility, and one that is quite unpredictable. In relationships, they can
be quite adventurous and prefer activities with their loved ones.

11. The Supervisor (ESTJ)

ESTJs are organized and governed by the zeal to do what is right and socially acceptable. They epitomize the
ideal individual who is on the track towards doing what is “good” and “right”. They are happy to be of help. Their
dominant cognitive function is extraverted thinking which makes them quite practical when compared to other
personality types. The auxiliary cognitive functions are introverted sensing which makes them very keen on details
and stability.

The ESTJ’s like to work in management positions where they can oversee operations and put in structures. In
relationships, they love routines and their loved ones know that they can always be depended on for anything

12. The Commander (ENTJ)

ENTJs focus on dealing with all things rationally and logically. They are naturally born leaders who command
respect. They also do enjoy being in charge. They see obstacles as challenges in which they can prove themselves.
Their dominant cognitive function is extraverted thinking which makes them deliberate about orders and judgments.
The auxiliary function is introverted intuition which makes them trust their instincts during decision making.

The ENTJ thrives in jobs that are complex and require clear strategies for goals. In relationships, they can set high
expectations for their loved ones and can be sometimes domineering.

13. The Thinker (INTP)

INTPs are typically known for their brilliant ideas and propositions. They see a pattern in everything and can
easily pick out something that’s out of place. They are concerned with finding an environment where their creative
genius can be harnessed. Their dominant cognitive functions is introverted thinking which makes them highly
understanding and deep thinkers. The auxiliary functions are extraverted intuition which helps with their
imagination and inspirations.

The INTP thrives in work environments that aren’t focused on traditions. They prefer flexible and independent work
styles. In relationships, they are highly unconventional and autonomous.

14. The Nurturer (ISFJ)

 ISFJs are highly generous and ever-ready to give back to society. They are warm and kind-hearted
individuals. They possess an awareness and consideration towards bringing out the best in others.

"the-nurturer"

The dominant cognitive function is introverted sensing which makes them very detail-oriented. Their auxiliary
functions are extraverted feeling which makes them nurturing and very considerate. They thrive in jobs that require
structure and are positioned behind the scenes. In relationships, the ISFJ will take care of their loved ones
unconditionally.

15. The Visionary (ENTP)

ENTPs are extroverts who do not enjoy small talk. These personalities are very rare to come across. They
have a logical and rational approach to discussions and/or arguments. They are knowledgeable but need constant
stimulation. Their dominant cognitive function is extroverted intuition which makes them always open to exploring
new ideas. The auxiliary function is introverted thinking which makes them quite logical.

They thrive in jobs where creativity meets challenges. In relationships, the ENTP is spontaneous and can be quite
exciting.

16. The Composer (ISFP)

ISFPs on the outside seem like introverts but deep down they’re warm and very friendly. They are
spontaneous and fun to be with. They are always out to explore new things and discover new experiences.

Their dominant cognitive function is introverted feeling which makes them caring. The auxiliary functions are
extraverted sensing which makes them appreciate works of art.

ISFP’s prefer to work independently away from the spotlight. In relationships, they are accommodating and very
easygoing

How To Know Your Personality Type

When it comes to individuals and their personalities, there are a lot of important determinants that come
into play. In trying to understand your true nature, a key factor is knowing one's distinct personality type. No
personality type is superior to the other in the grand scheme of things as they both have seemingly equal pros and
cons.

Originally, there are two main personality types which are Types A and B. This helps classify the four temperaments
and 16 personalities into similar broad categories. To know which type you are, you can take this personality Type
A/B questionnaire—a modified version of the Jenkins Activity Survey.

Type A Personality

Type A individuals are multitasking, ambitious, proactive, organized and status-conscious individuals. In
addition, they are sympathetic, sensitive, truthful and always eager to help others. Type A people are friendly and
caring goal-driven and motivated individuals. They are also easily frustrated and have a low tolerance for
incompetence with people or projects.

Type B Personality

Type B individuals are laid-back with the ability to relax and enjoy small accomplishments. In addition, they
tend to be calm, patient individuals and are generally uncompetitive as they often take the "win some, lose some"
approach. They are rarely stressed and hardly ever frustrated with people or projects.

Here's how you really know though. If you read through painstakingly the above line by line, you're likely an A. If you
skimmed through the text, you're probably a B.
 Studies show that there are also Type C and Type D personalities away from Type A and B personalities. The
difference being, while Type C and D require more analysis and appear to be more emotionally driven characteristics,
Types A and B are driven by certain, easily recognizable and consistent characteristics

Type C Personality

Type C individuals have a hard time sharing their emotions, feelings and/or needs with others. They are
considered to be emotionally repressed. They find it extremely difficult when it comes to making decisions of low
and/or large magnitude. They are naturally people pleasers.

Type D Personality

The Type D individuals are usually a combination of stressed, angry, worried, hostile and tense. They run a
strict unchanged pattern of lifestyle and are averse to making changes. For the Type D individual, security is a top
priority. Whether it's physical security and/or job security.

Conclusion

The entire purpose of personality tests is that the tests can be used for self-reflection and helping individuals
attempt to understand themselves towards improving their interaction with others.

For instance, if a job placement requires a certain character trait or personality type, simply taking a personality test
helps best decide who best fits that role and removes the risk of people going into the wrong jobs.

Above all, personality tests show the strengths and weaknesses of an individual. With this key information, you can
now focus on amplifying your strengths and suppressing your weaknesses.