Based on the OFFICIAL LEGISLATION THE NEW KS3 MANUALContents ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TEST » » » » » » 1. Overview 2. Controle of the vehicle 3. Defensive driving the K53 way General Speed limits Divided roads Overtaking another vehicle Being overtaken Overtaking on the left Passing oncoming vehicles Road shoulders Traffic lanes Traffic circles ‘Stopping on the road Crossing or entering a road or traffic lane Driving signals Hand signals. Turning at intersections Parking No-parking and no-stopping distances Other no-stopping places Other no-parking places Compulsory stops Lights Towing Not allowed on freeways Learner drivers on freeways Being overtaken on a freeway Eo Road signs overview Regulatory signs: Warning signs Information signs Guidance signs Road surface markings 12 14 26 35 38 45 — 10, Rules of the road 52 52 52 52 53 53 53 53 Ba 54 54 54 55 55 55 55 56 56 56 56 37 7 7 58 88 58 ——.—_|_—. » Vohicles causing excessive noise 58 »» Use of a hooter 58 » Pedestrians’ right of way ata pedestrian crossing 58 » General duties of drivers and passengers 88 » Racing and sport on public roads 59 »» Hindering or obstructing traffic ona public road 68 »» Abandoned vehicles 59 »» Damage to public roads 60 » Acoidentsicollisions 60 » Reckless, negligent or Ingonsiderate driving 60 » Tyres, 60 » Intoxieating liquor and narcotic drugs 61 » Conveying passengers 6 » Seat belts 6 » Convoys ot » Carrying loads on vehicles, 62 » Animals on public roads 62 » Emergency triangles 2 » Unauthorized use of a vehicle 62 » Additional rules specifically for motorcycles, tricycles and quad-bikes 63 ‘1, Learner's Licence mock test 68 ‘THE K53 DRIVING LICENCE TEST Cea ee) 12. Overview 78 18, Use of the vehicle controls at 114, The KS3 actions explained 89 » Abbreviations used 89 » Groups of K53 actions 90 15, Motar vehicle driving test The yard test a » Prostrip inspections of the vehicle 91 » Yard test manoeuvres 93 » Staning procedure 94» Incline start » Alley docking » Left turn » Turn in the road » Parallel parking >» Reverse in a straight line ‘The road test >» Requirements for the road test route 53 road test procedures Travelling behind other vehicles Single lane changing Multiple lane changing Lene ending Stopping ~in trafic. Stopping —for parking Traffic contro! signals »» Stopping before turning loft or right » Intersections — turning left Intersections — turning right Intersections and vehicle entrances ~ proceeding straight shead Intersections ~ stop signs Moving off after stopping, Intersections - yield signs Intersections ~ uncontrolled Intersections — traffic lights {flashing red) Intersections ~ traffic lights {steady red) >» Intersections - traffic lights (green) > Intersections - traffic lights (flashing amber) >» Intersections — traffic lights (steady amber) » Intersections - traffic circle (roundabout) » Intersections - mini circles » Block pedestrian crossing ~ uncontrolled » Level crossings - guarded » Level crossings - unguarded iy vie ee Se ey : 18 m3 no 120 122 122 122 ‘Overtaking ~ to the left of ahazard (Overtaking -to the right of ahazard Being overtaken ~ con the left-hand side Being overtaken ~ on the right-hend side Freeways ~ entering Freeways ~leaving Freeways — passing an off-ramp Freeways ~ passing an on-ramp Emergency stop General driving technique Motorcycle riciing test » Overview Part One— Pre-trip inspections. and manoeuvres » Prostrip inspection >» Mounting and dismounting > Prestrip inspection = fn the metoreycle Starting procedure Speed management Moving off and turning loft Lane change » Incline start Part Two Riding skills test » Turning speed judaement » Emergency stop/ ‘emergency swerveTHE LEARNER’S LICENCE TEST Overview What is a learner's licence? Before you may take driving lessons an a public road, you need to prove to the authorities that you know and understand some basic things about driving and about the road law. The learner's licence test Is the means by which you can prove this. When you pass this test you will qualify for a learner's licence to show that you are permitted to drive on a public road, provided you are accompanied by a suitably qualified and licenced driver. ‘To pass the leamer's licence test you will need to: » know all the rules of the road) » understand the basios of the KE defensive driving system: >» know what the various vehicle controls are used for steering wheel, gears, footbrake, ete.); and » know the meanings of the road traffic signs, signals and painted road markings, and how the driver should respond to each of them. What are the minimum age requirements for obtaining a learner's licence? >» Motorcycles 125 cc or less (without a sidecar|: 16 years of age »» Light motor vehicles not more than 3.600 ke: 17 years of age » Allother vehicles {including motorcycles over 125 ec): 18 years of age < What can disqualify me from obtaining a learner's licence? Ba mete tae ate easly Sac of ae at lng Fee chia dr Aisquaifcation i til valid IP emilee! frie avail eee tot ve We weir cle ctycticl ta eater eee sere ares i gt et sais vee ae at yet orpited eee eee eee ceria > sulden attacks of cabling giddiness or fainting due te hypertension or any other cause: Fare entered des etcinc ceric ee acer cates ree ea, controlled and irested as pation in torms ofthe Mental Health Act, 1973 (Act No. 18 of 1973); eee eet eli jeer deers tmcontellod betes metus: detective vision, determined by a prescribed standard or any other disease or physical dofect which fs likly to render you incapable of driving effectively and controlling @ motor vehicle without encangering the sotety ofthe public (deafness isnot regerded as te tewel eer eee ct er ee ee ee ee vee tin cnt au THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTWhat will | need when | apply? You must » meet the minimum age requirements set out opposite; » meet the health requirements already explained » pass the eyesight test that is conducted atthe testing centro; » have acceptable identification with you when you apaly (SA identity document or a passport; and » have with you two recent passportsize identity photographs (black and white or colour) What will the learner's licence authorize me to do? » You may drive on public roads (including ‘reeways], provided you are accompanied by ‘someone who holds 8 valid driver's licence for the class of vehicle you are driving, and who is seated next to you or, if that is not possible, then directly behind you. » You may carry passengers in a motor vehicle provided they do not pay a fare. Note: A learner motoroyele driver may not carry @ passenger (not even the driving instructor: you ere therefore permitted to ride unaccompanied. How iong is a learner's licence valid for? »» 18 months from the date of issue. ‘After you've passed your learner’ licence test, juggest that you initially take driving lessons with 8 competent and qualified driving instructor. This will ensure that you learn the K3 basics correctly. You can then practise under the guidance of a friend or family member who knows the K83 system, in order to improve your driving skills. OVERVIEW6 How will | be tested? ‘The official theory test consists of a number of questions for which you must choose the correct, ‘answers from several options. This is called a multiple-choice test. At some testing centres you are able to perform the test using a computer, otherwise itis a pen-and-paper test. When you call your local traffic department to arrange a booking for your test, ask them whether they use computers cr test books. For the pen-and-paper test you will be given a book of questions, an answer sheet, a chart of road signs and a book showing various road layouts as well as pictures of the controls of a vehicle. The examiner will explein how the test is to be conducted and which sections you must answer, depending on which class of vehicle you wish to drive once you have qualified. Make sure you listen very carefully to the instructions. If you're not sure about any aspect of the testing procedure, don't be shy to ask. There will probably be other people who need clarification too and your question to the examiner could help those candidates as well. What is the pass mark in the official test? Although the allocation of questions and pass marks may change from time to time, the test normally consists of 68 questions spread across the syllabus as follows NO.OF QUESTIONS PASS MARK PASS PERCENT Rules ofthe road 30 2 78% Road signs, signals and markings | 30 23 eee | Controls of the vehicle E 8 : ee a 75% Note:The allocation of questions between the various sections may change from time to time, as well as the required pass marks. Be sure you understand the test question Each question has at least three choices from which to select the correct answer. For some questions only one answer is the correct one; with others, more than one option is correct and you must specify ‘which they are. In some questions there may be another option that seems correct. Choose the one that is most applicable to the question. This means that you should read each question very carefully to make sure that you fully understand exactly what is being asked. Don’t skim through the question In a hurry and jump to the wrong conclusion because you didn’t read it carefully ) ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTVehicle controls and instruments are items such as the steering wheel (handlebars for motorcycles}, brakes, clutch pedal, accelerator pedal, speedometer, and so on. You must know what each control is used for. The following illustrations will explain these. Note: Although the layout of the various controls may be different on different makes and models of vehicles, their functions and purpose remain the same. a Motor vehicle controls EXTERIOR MIRROR C wees REAR-VIEW MIRROR STEERING WHEEL 7 To steer he vehi na eae particular direction. Keep npindeerset both hands on the wheel except when changing ‘gears, giving hand signals and indicating HOOTER Togivea warning signal To steer in 2 particular direction. Keep both hands on the handlebars except, to give a hand signal INDICATOR, To signal your intention to turn GEAR LEVER To select gears INDICATOR ‘o signal your intention to turn ACCELERATOR: To increase or Gray LEVER 8 ae decrease speed jo select gears _ cuutcH FOOTARAKE PARKING BRAKE ‘To disengage ~To reduce speed Tohold the vehicle theengivevor or stop stationary sear change J Motorcycle controls ‘CLUTCH MIRROR FRONT BRAKE To isensoge To control speed engine for and stop gear change HANDLEBARS ACCELERATOR To increase or decrease speed BRAKE PEDAL ‘To control speed de CONTROLS OF THE VEHICLE 78 Combining the use of vehicle controls ‘TO DOTHIS |_USETHESE CONTROLS Select gears —__| Clutch, gear lever ak Move off || Clutch, gear lever, handbrake, eccelerator ‘Move off uphill Clutch, gear lever, accelerator, parking brake Increase speed Tes tAlcoelerator’, i ete aM is me] Stop or reduce speed _ Footbrake (and front brake for motorcycles) Change direction Indicator, steering wheelIhandlebars Overtake ith Indicator, steering wheel/handlebars, accelerator Check if itis safe to manoeuvre Mirrors, with the relevant control(s) explained above Examples of using the controls in various situations ‘To move off: >» Roloaso the elutch and aceolorate. To slow dow: » Always check inthe mirroris) before slowing down. » Release the accelerator and apply the brake to slow down significantly. » Always apply the brakes before a sharp bend, so that you enter the bend at a safe speed, ‘Turn the steering once you're in the bend. To reduce speed gradually: » Use the mirror(s) and accelerator. » Always check in the mirrors before slowing down. » Rolease the pressure on the accelerator pedal to slow down gradually To stop » When you wish to bring the vehicle to a stop, you use the mirrorfs), sccelerator, brake and clutch, » Check in the mirrors to sei itis sate to reduce speed before stopping. » Roloase the accelerator to reduce speed. (With a heavy vehicle, you would use the clutch and the gear lever to change toa lower gear es necessary.) » Use the brake to bring the vehicle to a stop, and the clutch to disengage the engine from the transmission. ‘To negotiate a sharp, downhill hairpin bend: » When driving round such a bend you should use the steering and the brakes. » Brakes are for slowing; gears are for controlling the speed. » Use the steering to steer and apply the brake as needed in order to control your speed through the bend. » For alight moter vehicle you do not normally need to use the gears in this situation. ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTDefensive driving the K53 way ‘The term K53 is simply a file reference that was used when the driving test was changed to incorporate a particular method of ‘defensive driving’, The KB3 defensive driving system is now an essential requirement of the practical driving test. It means being fully alert and attentive all the time while driving, in order to maintain a clear space around your vehicle and avoid a collision with other road users. It also means that you must give other road users advance warning of your intentions so that they too can use the road in safety. Here are some important aspects you must know about the K53 defensive driving system. The basic elements of K53 defensive driving The following system should become second nature to you, and be done in one constant, looping cycle |__of mental activity | Keep a constant lookout in all directions (using the mirrors as necessary) SEARCH for any possible hazards, IDENTIFY YOU see a potential hzerd, determine ite nature, e.g, staionaryimoving vehicle, _ pedestrian, or animal Determine the nature of the possible danger the hazard might pose, e.9. could it move int EES termine the nat possible danger the hazard might pose, e.g. could it move into a Your path, possibly requiring you to brake/stop? Decide and act according to the risks involved, e.g. slow down, steer to the side, DECIDE/ACT i oa # pated stop quickly, hoot. Keep a safe following distance Bal setae ance ie ee asta vehicle ahead of you (9 seuonds for heavy vehicle] aa part of meintining a clear apace oi tirsieeenietneniet rea the vohile in front of you passes an objoc, it should take at lesat 2 seconds before you font sara abject area eet eee ree er mere visibly is poor in wet conditions, when ee ete ar eee eee or several passengers. Use the mirrors correctly ee acjusted eo that you have aclar view behind vyourvebisle, De tiv awed ecw ern ore cone oth file uiivehksalescad rae icine cee ale eee tore and only for long enough to check the ire anise ea ae eae yes off the road ahead longer than is absolutely necessary een tie etait cross tirisnlifewe wooneesto poe ean iat cee teas ee ¥» Before moving of from a stationary position, eee eect erated peeve toe feb rely eee ate irecee ase secant ttes eeteigt look in the mirrors, DEFENSIVE DRIVING THE K53 WAY10 Check in the blind spots » Tum your head to the appropriate side to check in the areas that are not visible in the mirrors {these ‘areas are called blind spots). >» The appropriate side is the one to which you intend moving, .g. changing lanes, moving off from the side of the road, turning, » The last thing you must do before changing direction is elways to check in the blind spot on the side to which you intend to move Signal your intention » Always check in the rearview mirrors before signalling, to ensure that itis safe to move in that direction after indieating your intention, » IFit is not yet safe to start the manoeuvre, then don't signal until itis safe. »» Indicate in good time to warn other road sors of your intention, but not 60 early that it could confuse other road users. » Place your hand back in the correct position con the steering wheel or handlebars before applying the brake, after changing gears and before negotiating @ manoeuvre, so that you are in full control of the vehicle. » Always check to ensure that the indicator has cancelled immediately after a manoeuvre hes been completed. Cancel it if necessary. » Use hand signals ifthe electric indicators are not working) >» Use the hooter in good time, and only ifitis an emergancy. Use the clutch correctly » When you intend moving off, follow this sequence: > Obtain clutch control > Check in the mirror{s) and blind spot() > Indicate, > Chack the blind spot again, » Accelerate to move off. » Do not cause the clutch to sip, drive with the clutch pedal lightly depressed, »» Do not ride the clutch, i.e. press and release, press and release, while accelerating, » Do not coast, 12. let the vehicle move with the clutch pedal depressed, »» Keep your foot clear of the clutch pedal when you don't need to use the clutch. don't Use the steering correctly » Always keep both hands on the steering, except when you need to change gear or give a hand signal. » Turn the steering wheel only when the vehicle is moving, never when stationary. » In.a motor vehicle, place your hands in the ten-to-two or quarterto-three position on the steering wheel » Steer smoothly, not jerkily, and use the push-pull method with your hands s0 that they stay in the ten-to- ‘Wo oF quarter-to-three position as far as possible while you are turning, s¥ Use the steering to adjust your position on the road according to the situation ahead. When turning a corner, do not turn too wide or cut the corner. >» Where there are traffic lanes, stay in one lane at a time and don't wander from lane to lane. ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTControl your speed properly 1» Bofore changing speed, checkin the mirore to make sur itis sto to 40 eo Ie erate cee eet et elo eee ee yee vislolty and weather conditions » Always comply with the speed limit applicable tothe road you ae traveling on etn tet eee ahaa ee eee eee Use the brakes correctly w Use the brakes (not the gears) to slow down or stop. W» Before braking to slow down or stop checkin the mirors to make sure thet itis safe to do so. ‘Avoid locking the brakes, Le. pressing the brake pedal down very hard so thatthe wheels stop turning, StcaeaIney Semis remae: Irene nee Plvaret eerste niin ee ea et eceeeert etcetera] conditions Pirie road utes irre eae eee ee ey eee eee reer > winen you are traveling fas Broke as necessary to maintsin see distance from the vehicle ahead of you (at esst 2 seconds’ travel ee ee meer eee tel Recta a testa e tae sae eral et ere err eee ee ar wenever you lesve the vehicle unstended. Press the ratchet releese bution in when applying the parking brake, and release it when the brake eee ea DEFENSIVE DRIVING THE K53 WAYRoad signs overview You must know the meanings of the various road signs, traffic signals and road surface markings, and how to respond to them when you see them on the road. Study this overview well and you will more easily understand and remember all the road signs, signals and road markings detailed in the pages that follow. Purpose How signs are presented The purpose of road signs, Road signs have three different forms: markings is to: >» signs mounted on poles or overhead » regulate the safe flow of traffic: structures; » watn motorists of the conditions on the road »> markings painted on the road surface; and ahead: » signals given by lights or by people. » provide information; and » give guidance about routes and destinations. Sign groupings There are various groups of road signs and each group conveys a different ieeiceer ov a @@RG © amine rae tow oe signe cS [must be obeyed. i gl 6g f if Control traffic flow and must ee be obeyed. Warn of potential hazards vwminasom AN A AN Ee oan Indicate the position of hazard or obstruction. \d of message: Traffic marker plates : eee eer HASH ahoed and othor useful : : Jictorma Give guidance about directions and distances to places |Guidance signs that give | | rections and other | [information especially useful _rotraveliors Information signe Tourism signs Diagrammatic Guidance signs that indicate signs, ‘the lane situation ahead. fFioeet sear Have the same meanings as markings their equivalent road signs. ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTTemporary signs Many of the signs have yellow, red and black colour combinations. These are situation because these signs take precedence over any permanent signs nearby. Temporary regulatory signs must be obeyed. Symbols ‘Te following symbols may appear on regulatory and warning road signs, wit the background and sigh shape varying according 10 the sign the eyrnbal ig on.To know the meaning ofall the ignsit is necessary to Know whet these symbols represent. In the examples that follow, some of the symbols are shown as they appear on red-bordered Selective Restriction Signs; these are supplementary plates that accompany a regulatory sign to indicate that the main sign applies only in respect of the item(s} depicted on the supplementary sign. Other symbols are shown an road signs themselves, while some images just show the symbols. There are many more symbols. used, mainly related to guidance and directions signs, and these are covered in their respective sections. =) = Ee S = = g a a eo [=n] oe 2 iCco) [ea] [#] 2 & @ fF & o A 0 BA ® GVM = Gross Vehicle Mass ‘The various road signs, signals and surface markings are detailed in the pages that follow, along with study questions to help you learn their meanings. ROAD SIGNS OVERVIEW 13Regulatory signs Regulatory signs are used to control the actions of drivers and traffic flow. They include traffic flow control signs ‘that regulate the movement of traffic, command signs that tell you what to do, and also prohibition signs that indicate what is not allowed. Itis an offence to disobey any of these signs. If you do so, you can be fined. There are temporary versions for some of these signs and they have yellow, red and black colour combinations. Regulatory signs are grouped as follows, according to their message and purpose: Control signs: to control traffic flow These signs tell you where to stop, where to yield, in which direction to drive and what special rules apply. Permanent control signs are red and white, sometimes with a black symbol, and they come in a variety of shapes: ‘.nay Stop Stop before the ‘white Stop line Prooeea only [er al veil that rived before you ete other to Step lnas have moved of, Stop. Stop completely before {ne sgn o any sie S09 Ine, Move of ony when sae to doco, Stop/Go. This is « manual operated sign, with tha word STOP on one side and GO.on the otha Stop when nocoseary sd proceed ution GO ie “deployed wy Stop. op balore the ‘shite Stop tne. Proceed enty before you atthe othr threo Stoplines have moved of, pderians cessing or wating Painted white Sap ine Yoo fo eoes your pat. nacsesary, ‘may eum i without stopping sop before the whites ne Hei ate 1.0020, Give painted onthe oad sacs. wat any cross rac and Pedestlans rnecassry, stop Yld at mint. Siow down ‘and avo way to other vhles thatctes any lino before You do. Posted ins clockwise {ection around the pated Yiold to pedestrians. Give Podestian pony, Ares eet way to any padtions on ot ‘elds for padestin. Only {Shout to entar the podeatian oivery, maintananee ot ‘roesing en your side of ne emergency voices may rive reo hor, an muse nt exceed 1S kr ane mut give wy Soe oe ee gS oy soem oe me to @ srg need sop bear the Vv o =] 4166 Yk! to oncoming tafe. Give twoy to oncoming veiales fon the arow roadway, and proveed only when 9 stato o One-way et. Thisis s one-way ‘One-way straight ahead, The ‘he cretion of ta aro THE LEARNER’S LICENCE TESTCommand signs: to give There are wo types of command signs: slans that specify an action that must be taken by all drivers, and signs that specify ‘which class of road user must use a specified section of the roadway that others may not: The class of roed user is shown on the sign by means of a symbol. All the actions that drivers must take are shown in the first row below. Examples of the compulsory roadway usage signs with symbols are given in the second row below.They come in both permanent (blue disc-shaped signs with ‘a white border) and temporary (yellow dise wit a black border) versions. @ 6 S&S @ @ structions ‘Actions that all drivers must take: Youmust Youmustpaya You muttravel _Yourmust posto. You mustprocesd Youmusteurnin You must obey swish onyour tollonthis oad atts speed! thewdesndested oniyinthe the dtection of accra ules Aealorenen. rteananer "arte, bytheanged,—drestenst_—thvarow tet emda ‘The class of road user indicated must use this part of the roadway only, and other road users may not: oS @ @ ¢ Toxis musta Gugos and mini Vohiclae axcoedng Gootsweicles Goods vehicles Pedestrians must Cyclist (aft) and oniyshis pan ussemmustueo GVM shown must excoeding GVM mustusponly use only hs part padectlan ht ofthoresaway. on thiepa seonWyths part shown mustuso this pamofthe of headway. mustuse aly NNothorroad oftharoadwey. oftheroadway. only Hlepertet the roudway.No ober Nootherfoed th pan ofthe tsaramay. Nootherroed —'Noatervoad. romdwsy.Noctherrosdwersrney. uray. roatnay, Na other eere may sere may. roe wore ay. road urers may. & Prohibition signs: to prohibit certain actions or classes of vehicles Fiices signs tll ou whet ou may ot de or which lacs of road eee eee gee deer ate symbol shown on the sign. These signs ae ell white dise-shaped Bret with sree border. temporary versions Favela yellw aise @® 9 @ ® @ © Nolefturn hore. Nosightturs hare, Noleftium atthe No ight tum at Nostopning No parking ext uncion.” dhe naxtuncion (temporary sion itemoorary sin @ ® © ® @ ® @ Nooveriaking Noveraking by Noercessive No hitehtiking for No.ecessto tha Nohawkere No seese to tho fortd0m goodeveriss or nckofornaxt —rets00m. dassetvohiee ——_allonedto. —claseofroad temporary sign). nox 809m "0, stownonthessn adem, vs ahown on ‘tomporar sian tha sign REGULATORY SIGNS (15,16 ) Reservation signs: to reserve lanes, roadways (R) or parking areas (P) These rectangular blue and white signs tell you that a particular lane, portion of the roadway or parking area is reserved for the use of a specific class of vehicle only. Other classes of road users may not use that portion of the road or parking area. Reservation signs for roadways show the letter R below the road user symbol. Thase for parking areas show the letter P above the road user symbol. ‘Temporary versions of the signs are yellow and black. Reservation signs may display any one or more of the road user symbols. Here are some examples: Roadway reservation examples: HAs SA Thalaneconthe Thesuvedyallow Thelareon the Taplaneantme Tne leonthe The ston ze lettin yellow lneinaestes the ight ofthe yallow let ofthe yllow ight ofthe yellow le esata fr line isteverved sianofalane inet seseved Ine Tine srasanved the mxcusve Useoftheclrsso! ‘exclisweuse use ofthe das of ur ofoutherted use of wuthorzed ‘of vehicle ane Sehisle incited, Sfthaclase of vehileindisted, publietanspomt publ anspor organization Inthis case buses, shila indiated vehicles vehicles, shown by the symbian ogo. Parking reservation examples: rvored for rerarvedfor——regerwedfor_——_rarilyraserved”—teservadlor reserved for porting. porkingbythe parsing bya _—_‘feepsrking wy the “Parking by. parking, upto dave of viola vebiclecatring—claseofvohide ——suthoraed ——-$ maximumof Shown. dlseble perzone. shown, ‘yeniles eo minutos, eee ‘This portion of the adn Istemporaiy This aoa te Fasarved for pstking by police Limit prohibition signs: to set spe permitted on the road, where exceeding such li prohibited : Those signs aro similarin shape and colour to the Prohibition signs, but without the diagonal black line. They specify the maximum vehicle speed, height, length or mass permitted on a particular road or portion of the roadway, and where access Is limited to authorized vehicles only. Temporary versions have a yellow dise with the same red border. @® ®@ © © Maximum speed Temporary eight Grossvehicla Width mit Lang of ahila Gross axle mass ‘Acoaes temper THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTComprehensive sign 10 indicate comprehensive rules ‘Those signs indicate that a comprehensive set of regulations must be adhered to on the roadway ahead. Dual-caniage freeway begins ‘The following rules apply: Hand signals are not allowed fon freaways, except in an emergency. If you ere in the tar right lane and the driver behind you indicates the intention to overtake, move safely over to the next lane and do nat accelerate while being overtaken Stopping a vehicle on a freeway is prohibited, except: > to.comply with the directions of traffic oficar or road sign: Access is permitted, but you may» not drive through a residential area without stopping to break ‘your journey. » » You may net exceed 30 km/h within a residential area, »» You must give way to all pedestrians as they have right of way. » Vehicles that weigh more than» 3.800 kg or that have more than 10 seats for passengers are not allowed in a residential area, except to gain local access for » in the event of an emergency: or the purpose of loading or off- » ina designated stopping area. loading goods. » Learner drivers are allowed on freeways if accompanied by a properly licenced driver. The following rules apply to all freeways: Single-carriage freeway begins »» The following road users are not allowed on a freeway: > pedestrians; > animal-drawn vehicles; » animals, unless in a reserved patking or stopping area ‘where they cannot stray onto the roadway; » pedal cycles, motoreycles 150 cc or less, motor tricycles, motor quad-bikes; > vehicles 230 kg or less that have been adapted for disabled people; » electric motorcycles: and tractors, unless they are busy with freeway maintenance, De-restriction signs: to cancel restrictions A red cross over a road sign indicates that a restriction, a command or set of regulations no longer End of dual Sehiles may nove and faoway ale ‘ne enaerapsly applies. Here are some examples: eo © Endoftllrasd You ne longer iene 05 ® End of late ee reseration anda Use this ane Ene of eden ea ond wules for $3 velco aoa oonger apply End ofc ane raoway ules "ne longer ape. REGULATORY SIGNSSelective restriction regulatory signs: to apply the rules selectively These signs are displayed beneath ather regulatory signs to indicate that the regulatory sign applies only at particular time, or to vehicles travelling in a particular direction, or to certain classes of vehicles, or under certain conditions. The colours of those secondary signs will be the same as the regulatory sign they govern. Here are some examples: Regulatory sign applies during certain times only: Apples uring we Apples dutingtne Apples onthe _Applisson tie _Appliveforthe Apple dung opios a righ mes show times shown daysand during devaand during pared and during cave only only thatmee siown —thetimesshown "thedrnes shown Regulatory sign applies in certain situations only: eee | oo @ & Acpias only when Applies onlyto ‘Maximum of ——-Putingonly Ap Reservetion _Appliesforthe roesedng lok mintburce—«Saahiclee—youpaythe — toihisvehicle —allowslocel_ «next Am porting Yoo oerator 86089 (00 () ‘Some combination examples: , comin paring Uturnprohibied Tumrightatte Speedie —Noightunby Goodevehicios Overtaking srearequings— atsight ‘ext unetion GDh epplies to buses allows at tustravelat__ prohibited for the barking foe uri moss -motoeyelaeonty thenextjunction SokmMhorfaser nowt 72h Traffic signals: to control trafic flow “Teffc signals are given to contrl the flow of traffic, though a few of thom are to warn motorists to FSS waifien ace “eed romano a ei sees 1. traffic lights (robot to contol traffic low at intersections or pedestin crossings: ate ee eee erent ee ett eee aa eect eee este cat ater aria es oer eee einen ee TTaffc signals must be obeyed at all times, and the signals of a traffic officer ovemule any other road signs or signals that may be present. Note: inthe signs on he opposite pac, an estersk*) with the explonatory text means thatthe sin cen be severe the lator the ah ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTSteady red des Stop before the waite Stop lino and walt forthe grees ight before proceccng with caution Foshing yellow die. Prossee ‘vith caution, and give way to ‘ny podestons crossing your pesetions. tine et wat forthe geen ght before proceeding with eauton. ashing rt die. Sopa for Steady ytow die Prepare Siwy Stoo and sive way to g {ostop before he we Stop Steady bustram. The toedy ise rules appy nly tothe cass Df vile shown by tho symbot tn the ‘Steady goon de. Procsad in any dection, subject o ny oad signs, and give way 0 tee and podestlans stil crossing, ‘Steady rd man Pedestions ‘ay oss only when the green ‘pinyed Peetnns must terkinge, Drivers must give ‘wey ta pedestians tossing ‘Spnal botoce sorting to cross. ‘hoe arendy crazing should do so auc ‘Steady ea arow.Si09 betore the wiite Stop ne and wa {era greon arrow signal bators preceeang nthe creaton of the gran stow giving Way 10 pedestrians and any vehicles ‘rossing the intersection Font signa is splayed Podol ey sionals Those Ihave the same rules as pesectrin signals, bu appiy ‘opal ocistsinstea, Steady green anow Proceed Inthe recon ofthe green ‘arom, bat lve ay to.any pedestrians and vehicles st Signal before protesting in the erection of re areen Dodstrine and vehicles stil ‘roeeing the ntereecton. Flashing red man The stand a Steady green man Pecesrians Overhead steady groen arom. ‘You may deve nt onc over whic te signals asplayed ‘Overhead stony red ass. You Overhead steady yllow may not deve In tha lane over snow The ane ahasd ie ose, ‘whlch he signals spayed Move ita tha nax iano inh eetwasletodaso, E ‘Steady yllow anow. S02 ‘Stop hand signal for tafe Stop hand signal for raf ‘pproacning tom Behind sparoschin from the ont ane the offerr Stop and resin thebec ofthe offen: Stop and ‘avonary until signloa te remain stationary unt signaled proceed to proceed, ‘Stop ondromsin sonary lumi signaled races, [p Stop hand sonal forsatic ! approaching fom the font Flashing ved arowr ek Stoo Fnening green aro Pracsad Dfora the wits Ina You may Inthe recon of te sro, proceed lit eventhough there Imespectve of eter ight Satsteay roa ise signal but Signa, bur give way 10 poceee ies aoe eee talay erssing top Le Flashing yellow signal ight (Warns of napors or egultory ‘gn then Sow down ond precaed wth caution. Oboy any Fegulatory signs. REGULATORY SIGNSRegulatory signs: questions and answers Hore is an opportunity to gain a better understanding of the signs already explained, by means of the questions and explanations that follow. For each item, cover the correct answer section, then read the question and choose what you think is the correct answer from the three choices given. Next, check your answer against the correct, ‘answer given, and read the explanation to gain a fuller understanding. (This system of knowledge reinforcement applies to all sections of this book.) Which statement is correct in respect of this sign? To There is a dangerous hazard beyané the sign. You must give way to pedestrians: and cross-tratfic at the intersection. 1 You have right of way. How should you respond to this sign? 1D. Stop and proceed only when every vehicle that hes stopped at a Stop line in the intersection before you has proceeded through the tersection. Stop and proceed if you feel itis. safe to do 8o. Stop and then proceed as soon as CORRECT ANSWER ‘You must give way to pedestrians and cross- ‘traffic at the intersection. you can. ‘CORRECT ANSWER ‘Stop and proceed only when every vehicle that has stopped at a Stop line in the intersection before you has proceeded through the intersection. ‘You must yield right of way at the sign or ‘marking to all traffic already on the road that you are approaching. You must yield right of way to any rail traffic on the railway line crossed by the This applies also to @ 3-way stop. Do not proceed road on which you are travelling unless itis safe to do so. Which statement is correct in respect of this sign? 1 You may proceed if turning left, But must yield to traffic ‘and pedestrians as necessary. If not turning left, you must stop. Both of these, CORRECT ANSWER Both of these. If you intend proceeding straight ahead, stop as for a Stop sign. If you intend turning left at the intersection, you may do so ‘without stopping but you must yield right of way to traffic approaching from the right, and to any pedestrians crossing in front of you. y ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TEST© Youmay notproceed beyond ine | | rs ear eerie sign. | © Yield to pedestrians on or waiting 1. Only authorized vehicles may | eee ice | Efrat shaonVfalenpe © Nelthor of thee, schoo buses CORRECT ANSWER CORRECT ANSWER peared ett eee Spike etpeslaseitetn (arse tg casa Entry toll motor vehicle raffle probed crossing. ‘You must yield right of way to any pedestrians crossing the road or waiting to cross. What is the meaning of this sign? How should a driver respond to this marking? 1 Stop within the zig-zag zone. [Use the area for overtaking Yield right of way to pedestrians (on the erossing, Only delivery, maintenance or emergency vehicles are permitted to drive or park here, 1 Yiold to pedestrians and do not exceed 15 kmv/h, © Both of these, Both of these. Yield right of way to pedestrians on Only delivery vehicles, maintenance vehicles, the crossing, ‘or emorgency vehicles are permitted in the arca ‘You should not stop within the zig-zag zone except demarcated by this sign, Pedestrians have right to yield right of way to pedestrians on the crossing ‘of way. The maximum speed limit for all vehicles or to stop behind a vehicle that has stopped to ig 15 km/h and any loading or offloading must yield right of way to pedestrians. You must not | CORRECT ANSWER CORRECT ANSWER take place within a designated loading bey. cross the marking or overtake another vehicle Which statement is correct in respect of this sign? Slow down and give way to traffic that will cross any Yield line before you. ‘Stop at the roundabout and give way to traffic from the right. 5 The road ahead makes a circular movement. o CORRECT ANSWER Slow down and fine before you. You must yiold right of way to any vehicles in the traffic circle that will cross aYield line in the intersection before you and that will eros your path, /e way to traffic that will cross any Vield, ReGutatory signs (21aa Which statement is correct in respect of this sign? 1 Are the headlights on? 1 Switch on the main lights and ensure that the beam is dipped Switch on the parking lights now. ‘CORRECT ANSWER ‘Switch on the main lights and ensure that the beam is dipped. This sign is usually found before the entrance to a dark tunnel Which statement is correct in respect of this marking? Do not enter the junction unloss ‘you can pass through without stopping. 1 Vehicles turning left or right across the junction may stop on the marking, 1 Both of these. CORRECT ANSWER Both of these, ‘You must not proceed across the junction it ‘you cannot do so without crossing the area completely. Vehicles entering from the side street to turn left or right may stop in the painted box. while waiting to tuen, What is the meaning of thi ot) 1 If your vehicle weighs more than, tho mass limit indicated, do not travel in any other lan. FD Hf your vehicle weighs lass than the mass limit indicated, da not drive inthis lane. 1 Both of these, CORRECT ANSWER Both of these. Heavier vehicles are usually slower than other vehicles.To speed up the flow of traffic itis common for heavier vehicles to be rastricted to 2 particular lane or portion of the road. No other vehicles may travel in that lane. How should a driver respond to this signal? a Stop. Proceed in the direction of the arrow if itis safe todo so. Yield to pedestrians and other trafic. Both of these CORRECT ANSWER Both of these. Stop and check for trafic approaching from the right. fits, safe to do so, you may proceed in the direction of the arrow, but give way to pedestrians in the intersection. I you intend proceeding through the intersection you must stop and wait for a green light before doing so. ‘THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TESTHow should a driver respond to this sign? [1 Do notturn in the direetion of the ‘arrow at the next junction, 1 Turn in the direction of the arrow. at the next junction, 1 Look out for a sharp turn in the direction of the arrow. What is the meaning of this sign? | Turn in the direction of the arrow now. B Donotturn in the direction ofthe arrow at this point. FL Neither of these. ‘CORRECT ANSWER CORRECT ANSWER, Do not tum in the direction of the arrow De not tum in the direction of the arrow at the next junetion. ‘This sign indicates to @ driver not to turn in the direction of the arraw at the next entrance or ‘This sign indicates that no tuen may be made in the direction of the arrow at the intersection where the sign is displayed. intersection, What is the meaning of this sign? CORRECT ANSWER Do not make a U-turn here Do not make a U-tum here. Hairpin bend shead. You may not turn the vehicle so that it faces in the You may make a U-turn here. ‘opposite direction. Which statement is correct in respect of this sign? Slow down or stop and yield to oncoming traffic. 11 Proceed only when its safe to do so. Both of these. CORRECT ANSWER Both of these, This sign is usually found whore the roadway is not wide enough for two vehicles to pass.You must give way to approaching traffic and do not proceed unless itis safe to do so. How should a driver respond to this sign? CORRECT ANSWER 5 Goods vehicles may not overtake Goods vehicles may not overtake other goods ‘other goods vehicles for 600 m vehicles for 500 m beyond the sign. beyond the sign. This sign restricts good vehicles from overtaking D._No overtaking of goods vehicles, other goods vehicles for a distance of 500m beyond 1 Both of these, the sign, Other vehicles may overtake. | = y REGULATORY SIGNS4 Which statement is correct in respect of this sign/marking? © Do not stop in the vicinity of this sign at any time, 1D No skateboarding here. 1 No speeding allowed. CORRECT ANSWER Do not stop in the vicinity of this sign at any time. ‘This sign prohibits stopping on any portion of the roadway or shoulder ofa public road where the sign is displayed. ‘You may not stop next to or over the marking. Where itis a broken line, you may not stop there during the times indicated on the accompanying road sign. cee ee connecranswen cibiehcccameucimne? saveliare ci edie gives orale ceamson Caen se are eee ee Goh tine Prenat nde vetlel orb do not need to yield to traffic from the right. aa Which statement is correct in respect Se 2) No overtaking allowed here, a No racing allowed Do not evertake for 500 m beyand the sign. CORRECT ANSWER Do not overtake for 500 m beyond the sign ‘The sign is valid for 500 m and indicates that you may not overtake another vehicle for 500 m beyond the sign, No part of the vehicle may cross a no-avertaking marking except to gain access to land on the other side af the marking, to pass a stationary object, or to gain access to the raad from land an the other side of the merking. The arrow markings warn that you are approaching such a no-avertaking line. ‘What is the purpose of these signs? 5 To extend or limit a sign’s meaning, 1 To provide extra information. Nether of these. CORRECT ANSWER ‘To extend or limit a sign’s meaning. These signs are displayed with regulatory signs to indicate that the regulatory sign applies only during the time or period indicated, oF for a certain distance, or to the class of vahicle depioted on the sign. THE LEARNER'S LICENCE TEST@@OO) How should a driver respond to these signs? Use an alternative route. Fi The class of vehicle indicated must use an alternative route. Neither of these. CORRECT ANSWER, ‘The class of vehicle indicated must use an alternative route. For various reasons the vehicle depicted on the sign (or marking) may not use a particular portion of the road and because of this they may not proceed beyond the sign or marking, ‘They have to use an alternative route. Ss = i ee Us GS G8 What is the meaning of these signs? CORRECT ANSWER ‘The start of a lane reserved for exclusive use by the class of vehicle(s) shown. The curved tal atthe bottom of the broken yellow ling indicates that this isthe start of a reserved lane. Other vehicles driving in the lane must move out of the lane immediately. What is the meaning of thi 1 This sign indicates a residential area 11 Pedestrians have right of wey: FD Both of these, ‘CORRECT ANSWER Both of these. ‘Tho maximum speed limit in this area is 30 km/h, You may, not drive through this area without stopping to break your, journey. Vehicles with a gross mass of 3500 kg or more, or Vehicles with 10 ar more passenger seats, may not drive through this area unless itis for loading or offloading, What is the meaning of this sign/marking? 1D It indicates thet the parking bay is reserved for a vehicle transporting a person with a physical disability. 1D Itindicates a parking bay for wheelchairs. G Itindicates a parking bay reserved for emergencies. CORRECT ANSWER ‘The parking bay is reserved for a vehicle transporting a person with a physical disability. Other vehicles may not park there. REGULATORY SIGNS 25Warning signs indicate potential dangers or hazards that you may come across on the road ahead. They are usually found some distance before the hazard to allow you plenty of time to react. The signs are white triangles with a red border and black message symbol or word. Temporary versions of the signs have a yellow background. ‘When you encounter a warning sign, look out for any Stop, Yield or other regulatory signs that may be displayed. Reduce speed and proceed with caution. In the signs below, an asterisk (*) with the explanatory text means that the sign can be towards the left or the right. Hazard marker plates are rectangular red and white plates (or red and yellow for temporary versions) that are positioned at the hazard itself, for example, on a sharp bend or at an obstruction on or at the edge of the road. Road situations ahead ‘These signs warn of potentially dangerous situations ahead that are related to the location or structure of the road or its surface. Approach with caution, slow down if necessary and be prepared to stop or take an alternative route if necessary. “totor sate shen with coe sd Poss on the side ofthe ome arid Steep cui shead. range ‘Temporary uneven, pothole, cor bumpy road surface ahead “Road sheet ramones fer ce de, Keop wll toe Wier crosses the road ata drt aneat, especialy ‘ehiate length realstoy >DPEPPPPPRD ‘Gate, away Doom or berier Steep uphill heed with the posses oF a heard nly lane onthe et ‘Speed humps shesd Stow down and abey any speed ik Road nartowe at aide hood Slow down ond proses with auton Genera warsing san, usualy with an explanatory pate bbenestn Reduced visibly con be expocted ahoos (og reavent >PP DEPP onic neat reloory resticion shee vemaee Slowemoving veniles ahead rood ahese Road shead narows rom both idee Keep welt tha let ‘Stppery ro ahead expecially ‘ten wet: riv with caution ety odoe or river bank shea, ‘tusture ahead tate lees dan Smuias. 09. bridge Fos with roglatory