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Linguistics S2 P2

Theoretical linguistics is concerned with developing models of linguistic knowledge through studying language and languages without regard to practical applications. The core fields are syntax, phonology, morphology, and semantics. It examines language at different levels of analysis and seeks to explain linguistic universals. Historically, it has moved from descriptive approaches to more precise descriptive and interpretive approaches aimed at understanding language acquisition and the structure of the human mind, led by Noam Chomsky's generative linguistics. Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that identifies and solves real-world language problems. Its major branches include bilingualism, computer-mediated communication, conversation analysis, contrastive linguistics, language assessment, literacies, discourse analysis, language ped

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52 views3 pages

Linguistics S2 P2

Theoretical linguistics is concerned with developing models of linguistic knowledge through studying language and languages without regard to practical applications. The core fields are syntax, phonology, morphology, and semantics. It examines language at different levels of analysis and seeks to explain linguistic universals. Historically, it has moved from descriptive approaches to more precise descriptive and interpretive approaches aimed at understanding language acquisition and the structure of the human mind, led by Noam Chomsky's generative linguistics. Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that identifies and solves real-world language problems. Its major branches include bilingualism, computer-mediated communication, conversation analysis, contrastive linguistics, language assessment, literacies, discourse analysis, language ped

Uploaded by

Chakib
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MACRO LINGUISTICS

INTRA DISCIPLINARY branches 1

What is it ?
• Theoretical linguistics is the branch of linguistics that is most concerned with developing
models of linguistic knowledge.

• According to John Lyons, theoretical linguistics studies language and languages with a
view to constructing a theory of their structure and functions and without regard to any
practical applications that the investigation of language and languages might have.

Fields and interests


• The fields that are generally considered the core of theoretical linguistics are syntax,
phonology, morphology, and semantics. Although phonetics often informs phonology, it
is often excluded from the purview of theoretical linguistics, along with psycholinguistics
and sociolinguistics. Theoretical linguistics also involves the search for an explanation of
linguistic universals, that is, properties all languages have in common.

• Some linguists have said or implied that theoretical linguistics implies the study of
language in general, and that the study of particular languages does not constitute a kind

Session: 5th , 6th


Date: 15 – 16 - 22 – 23 /03/2023
of theoretical scientific inquiry (i.e. that descriptive linguistics is not a kind of theoretical
linguistics).
• Theoretical Linguistics examines a language at different levels of analysis, i.e. its
phonological system, articulation and perception of sounds (phonetics), word formation
(morphology) and phrases and sentences (syntax), the meaning of linguistic expressions
(semantics), and language use (pragmatics).

Brief historical flashbacks


➢ In the early days of the science, the chief concern was to describe the different languages
spoken throughout the world and to classify them into typological groups. The
conclusions drawn as a result of this work were unfortunately limited to the production of
descriptive conclusions, and no answers were found to more fundamental questions
which had been posed since ancient times relating to the human mind (Aristotle, Plato).

➢ By the mid 20th century, Theoretical Linguistics had adopted a more precise descriptive
approach and began to focus on interpreting data in order to attempt to answer such
questions as how humans acquire a language and the structure and function of the human
mind. It was the American linguist Noam Chomsky who led the science down this route,
establishing and developing contemporary linguistic thinking under the umbrella of what
is known as generative linguistics.

Session: 5th , 6th


Date: 15 – 16 - 22 – 23 /03/2023
MACRO LINGUISTICS
INTRA DISCIPLINARY branches 2

What is it ?
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates, and
offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.
Major branches , fields and interests
Major branches of applied linguistics include bilingualism and multilingualism, computer-
mediated communication (CMC), conversation analysis, contrastive linguistics, sign linguistics,
language assessment, literacies, discourse analysis, language pedagogy, second language
acquisition, lexicography, language planning and policy, inter-linguistics, stylistics, pragmatics,
forensic linguistics and translation.
Applied Linguistics proposes new methods and approaches to a language and offers
support to the language community with any issue or problem it may be facing relating to
language.
Depending on the area of application, Applied Linguistics extends into such fields as:
Teaching and Learning Foreign Languages (developing foreign language teaching methods),
Clinical Linguistics (analysis and treatment of language disorders), Educational Linguistics (the
use of the mother tongue in school), Lexicography (methods and techniques for creating
dictionaries), Translation (methods for translating / rendering from one language to another),
Sociolinguistics (study of the link between language and society), Psycholinguistics

Session: 5th , 6th


Date: 15 – 16 - 22 – 23 /03/2023

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