q USMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM Chapter 1 The Scope of Physics Chapter 2 Scalars and Vectors Chapter 3 Motion Chapter 4 Motion in Two Dimensions Chapter 5 Torque, Angular, Momentum and Equilibrium Chapter 6 Gravitation Chapter 7 Work, Energy and Power Chapter 8 Wave, Motion and Sound Chapter 9 Nature of Light Chapter 10 Geometrical Optics 1-16 17-49 50-84 85-117 118-138 139-160 161-185 186-249 250-282 283-318 LE Bee ele tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM | The Scope of Physics Science The experimental investigation and theoretical explanation of natural phenomenon is named as “Science”. The subject of science is classified into two main branches. Main Branches of Science: i Physical sciences, ii... Biological sciences, Physical Sciences: Physical sclences deal with the properties and behavior of non-living things, The main branches of physical sciences are; 1, Physics fi, Chemistry ili. Geology etc. Biological Sciences: Biological sciences deal with the living things. The main branches of biological sciences are: i, Zoology ii. Botany .. iil, Physiology etc, Definition of Physics: The branch of physical sciences which deals with the study about “Matter” and “Energy” and also interaction between them is called “PHYSICS”. Itis based on experimental observations and quantitative measurements. Branches of Physics: Following are some important branches of physics; i) Mechanics li)Electricity iii)Magnetism iv)Electramagnetism vjAtomic and Molecular physics vi)Nuclear physics vii)Particle physics vili)Solid State physics ix)Electronics xil)Plasma Physics x)Astro physics xii)Thermodynamics xiijSpectroscopy xiii) Optics and many mare. tions of Muslim Scies Contributions of Abu Ali Hassan Ibn-Al-Haitham: 1) He gave two laws of reflection of light. 2) He described the nature of light and declares it as a form of energy and gave the formal definition of ray of light. 3) He constructed pin hole camera and managed it ta obtain the images of salar Eclipse, 4) He described the formation of image using spherical mirrors. 5). He wrote @ book “kitab-ul-manazir”, which is the first baok on optics. Contributions of Yaqub Ibne Ishag-Alkindi: 1) He discussed the nature of sound. 2) He discovered the method to express the notes of music in terms of frequencies. 3) He produced several research monographs on meteorology, specific gravity and on tides. 4) He worked in geometrical optics. 5) He explained clearly the idea that gold cannot be made from other metals. 6) He wrate many books on mathematics, astronomy, medicine and other subjects. , LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM , Contributions of Abu Rehan Muhammad Bin Ahmed Al-Beruni: 1) He practically proved that earth is round and not flat. 2) He measured the circumference of earth. 3} He discussed the movement of the sun, the moon and the other planets and also the phases of moon. 4) He gave the method of determining the Longitude and Latitude of a place. 5) He found densities of various metals. 6) His famous book “kitab-ul-Qanoon-ul-Masood'” is considered as Encyclopedia of Astronomy. Contributions of Al-Khawarizmi: 1) He was founder of analytical algebra. 2) His famous book “Hisab-ul-Jubr-wal-Mugabla” is the first book on algebra. 3) He invented the term Logarithm (Algorithm). Contributions of Omer Khayyam: 1) He is a mathematician. 2) He is the only man who was both a poet and a mathematician, Contributions of Al-Razi: 1) He was the most prominent and greatest physician. 2) He wrote about 200 original monographs, half of which pertained to medicine. Contributions of Ibne-Sina: 1) He was famous for his original research in the field of medicine. 2) He discovered the use of catheters. 3) He gave intravenous injections by means of a silver syringe. 4) He wrote medical text book “Al-Qanon-Fit-Tib”. 5) He wrote “Al-Shifa” an encyclopedia of philosophy. Contributions of Dr. Abdus Salam: 1) He presented “Grand Unification Theory (GUT)" in which he was united the properties of Gravitational, electromagnetic and nuclear fields. 2) He expressed the characteristics of Gravitation, Electramagnetism and Nuclear Physics with one set of equations. 3) He established the international centre for theoretical physics at Trieste, Italy where scientists from developing countries are given chances for research. 4) He is the first Pakistani scientist who was awarded by Nobel prize. Contributions of Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan: 1) He was selected as research assistant in the university of Holland. 2) He worked as an expert at Urenco Enrichment Plant in Holland asa Joint Venture of the Government of Holland. 3) He contributed in making Pakistan a nuclear state. Measurement Measurement means the comparison of an unknown quantity with a standard to see how many times it is big or small as compared to the standard. LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM , Physi tities All such measureable quantities which are used to specify the physical properties of an object ora system are called physical quantities. For example; Mass, Length, Time, Velocity, Acceleration and Force etc. All physical quantities are divided into two groups, i)Fundamental Quantities {i) Derived Quantities. In physics length, mass and time are supposed to be the main fundamental quantities since scientists all aver the world have recognized that all physical quantities in mechanics can be expressed in terms of these fundamental quantities. To measure a physical quantity we need a certain unit. There are two types of units. i)Fundamental Units: “The units used to express fundamental quantities are known as fundamental Units”. ii) Derived Units: “The units used to express the physical quantities that are derived from fundamental. quantities, are called Derived Units”. Si Fundamental (OR) Base Quantities With Their Units Physical Quantity Symbol For Quantity - t Name Of Unit Metre m Kilogram. t Second Electric Current I ! Ampere Temperature T Kelvin Luminous intensity lu Candela cd Amount of Substance N Mole mol Physical Quantities, Coefficients and Constants and Their S.J Units S.N Name of Quantity Symbol ‘SI Unit 1_| Mass m. | Kilogram Ke 2. | Length I Metre 3 _| Distance 5. Mette 4_ | Displacement “Or __| Metre 5. | Time t second 6 | Area A Metre Square 7_| Volume v Metre Cube 8 | Density p{row)_| Kilogram Per metre cube 9. | Speed v Metre per second Velocity v Metre per second m/s 11. | Acceleration “F. | Metre per second square 12: | Acceleration due to Gravity “P| Metre per second square m/s? LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM , 13 | Force F Newton N 14 | Weight W Newton N 15 | Linear Momentum ne Kilogram metre per second | Kg.m/s 16_| Torque T(tau) | Newton metre Nm 17 | Centripetal Acceleration 3? | Metre per second square m/s? 18 | Centripetal Force Fe” | Newton N 19 _| Gravitational Constant G Newton metre suite pera Saume | Nimi2/Kg* 20 | Energy E Joule J 21_| Work Ww Joule J 22 | Kinetic Energy KE Joule J 23 _| Potential Energy PE Joule J 24 | Power | P Watt watt. 25 _| Wave length Metre 26 | Frequency f Hertz 27_| Tension TT Newton N 28 | Pressure "P| Newton per metre Square | N/m? _| 25 | Heat SQ [Joule J 30 _| Temperature T Kelvin K 31_| Specific Heat iS Joule per kilogram Kelvin J/Kg.k 32_| Heat Capacity c Joule per Kelvin 3 33__| Amount of substance N Mole mol 34_| Gas Constant R Joule per mole Kelvin d/mol.k 35 | Stress @(Sigma) | Newton per metre square N/m? 36_| Strain Nil * 37_| Young's Modulus. Newton per metre square N/m? 38_| Time period Second Ss 39_| Amplitude Xo Metre m 40 _| Power of Lens P Dioptre Diop. 41 _| Focal Length f Metre m 42 _| Electric Charge Q Coulomb G 43 | Potential Difference Vv Volt Vv 44 | Capacitance c Farad F 45 | Electromotive Force e.m.f(E) | Volt Vv 46 | Electric Current 1 Ampere A 47_| Resistance R Ohm Olomega) 48 | Luminous Intensity lw Candela cd 49 | Coefficient of Linear heat expansion a Per Kelvin a/K(K*) [50_| Coefficient of volumetric heat expansion I B Per Kelvin 1/K(K3) Asset of fundamental and derived units is known as a “system of units”. There are four systems of units being used in scientific work. LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM , i) MKS System i) — CGS System iii). British Engineering System (or) F.P.S System. iv). System International (SI) i) M.K.S System: In this system Metre, Kilogram and Second are the fundamental units for Length, Mass and Time respectively. ji) C.G.S System: In this system Centimetre, Gram and Second are the fundamental Units for Length, Mass and Time respectively. iii) British Engineering System (or) F.P.S System: It is an old system of units, in this system Length, Force and Time are fundamental quantities and their units are Faot, Pound and Second respectively. In this system Mass is not a fundamental quantity it is derived and its unit is “Slug” which Is derived from the unit of force ie, Pound. 1 Slug =32.17 Pound = 14.59 kg iv) System International (5.1): In this system seven quantities have been accepted as fundamental quantities. They are Length, Mass, Time, Electric Current, Amount of Substance, Temperature and Luminous Intensity. Prefixes of Units and Their Values Prefix Symbol Value Notation Exa E - 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 10% a Peta P 1,000,000,000,000,000 108 = | Tera T 1,000,000,000,000 10% = | Giga G 1,000,000,000 10° & | Mega M 1,000,000 108 = | Kilo K 1,000 10 S.| Hector =H 1,00 10? Deka. Da 10 10 Deci o OL 107 wy | Centi c 0.01 10? 2 | Mill M 0.001 103 | Micro u 0.000001 10% 5 | Nano ON o.oo0000001 108 = | Pico Pp 0.0000000000001 107 | Femto FE ,000000000000001 10% Atto A o.o00000000000000001 10% LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM , Dimensions The word dimension has special meaning in physics. It is used to denote the nature of physical quantity. Whether a distance is measured in any unit eg. metres, miles or even light year. It is always a distance and its dimension is length. The symbols L, M and 7 are the symbols usually used to specify the dimensions of length, mass and time respectively. The dimension of any physical quantity can always be expressed as some combination of the fundamental quantities, such as mass, length and time. Note: i. By addition or subtraction, dimensions remain unchanged. Eg. a) LeL=L_(b) L-L=L_(c) 3M+2M =M (d) ST-T=T ii. By multiplication or divisian, dimension are changed. Eg. (a) LaL=L? (b) L/L= 1 (c) 2137 = T? (d) SM2x3M3 = M5 Signi igure Those digits in a number which are known to be reasonably reliable or show the accuracy are called significant Figures. Example: The length of an abject is recorded as 16.7cm. This measurement Is an approximation to the nearest length of a centimetre and its exact value lies between 16.65 and 16.75 cm. If this measurement is exact to the hundredth of a centimeter. It would have been recorded as 16,70 cm. The value 16.7 represents three significant figures (1, 6, 7). While the other value 16.70 represents four significant figures (1, 6, 7, 0). Rules For Finding Significant Figures: i. Ifthe numberis written in exponent form (scientific notation), all digits are significant. Eg. 2.35x10° (no. of significant figures= 3) 5.410x10° (no. of significant figures= 4) ii. All non-zero digits are significant. Eg. 382 (no. of significant figures= 3) 5.148 (no. of significant figures= 4) ii. Zeros at the end of whale numbers are significant. Eg. 500 (no. of significant figures= 3) 152000 (no. of significant figures= 6) iv, All zeros to the immediate right of the decimal are significant only when there is a significant figure to the text of the decimal, otherwise they are insignificant. Eg. 0.025 (no. of significant figures= 2} 0.0000413 (no. of significant figures= 3) 1.005 (no. of significant figures= 4) v. All zeros between two non-zero digits are significant, Eg. 2005 {no. of significant figures= 4} 5102007 (no. of significant figures= 7) 2.3005 (no. of significant figures= 5} LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM , Addition and Subtraction: The answer should have the same number of figures to the right of the decimal point as does the least precisely known number being added or subtracted, Examples: i) 25.340 ii) 58.0 tii) 4.20 iv) 415.5 vp 8.52 Vi} 12.183 5.465 0.0038 1.6523 3.64 43, “8.31 +0.322 0.00001 +0.015 40.238 31,127 8.00381 5.8673 419.378 3.22 3.873 {Ans} =58.0(Ans) =5.87 (Ans) =419.4(Ans) . =3.2 (Ans) =3.87 (Ans) Multiplication and in: The result should be rounded off to contain only as many significant figures as are contained in the least exact factor. Examples: i. 5.21x0.2=1.042=1(Ans) ii) 12.14x3.2=38.848=39(Ans) ili) 85.2x71.5=6091,8=6,09x10*(Ans) iv) 25x172.1=4302,5=4.3xL0°(Ans) v) 84+-12.5=6,72(Ans) vi) 25+8.9=2.8089888=2.8(Ans) vil) 1.34-+0,006=223.33333=2x10"{Ans) Trigonometric functions: The value of trigonometric functions have the same number of significant figures as their arguments. Examples: ip Sin35°=0.57 li) $in35.0°=0.574 Ex# 1.1 MCQs based on braches of physics |. The subject of science is classified into two main branches, physical Sciences and sciences. a) Mathematical b)- Biological c) Chemical d) Statistical ii, - The main branch of physical science is ; a) Zoology b) Botany ¢) Physiology d) Chemistry iii, Which is not the branch of biological science. a) Geology b) Physiology c) Botany d) zoology iv, The branch of science which deals with study of the properties of matter and energy and interaction between them is called. a) Physics b) Chemistry c} Mathematics d) None of these v. . The branch of modern physics is, ‘ a) Optics b) Mechanics c) Nuclear Physics’ ~~ -d) None of these LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM vi. is the branch of physics, which is concerned with structure and properties of atoms. a) Atomic physics 'b) Nuclear physics c) Mechanics d) None of these vil. | The branch of physics in which we study about the electric charge either at rest or in motionis, ‘ a) Electrostatics b) Electricity ¢) Electronics d) None of these viii. physics is concerned with properties of highly ionized atoms. a) Atomic b) Nuclear c) Plasma d) None of these ix. is mainly concerned with the motion of bodies under the action of given forces. a) Mechanics b) Optics c) Magnetism d) None of these x. Electronic appliances are in common use due to the research in a) Solid state b) Electricity c) Electronics d} None of these xi, Automobile technology are in common use due to the research in, a) Atomic physics b) Thermodynamics c} optics d) None of these xii. Technological progress initiated with the invention of tools made up of. a) Wood 5) Metals c) Stones d) Noneof these xii. claimed that if he had a suitable place to stand he could move the world by LEVER. s Archimedes b) Newton c) Coulomb d) None of these xiv. invented first screw. a) Archimedes b) Newton c} Coulomb d) None of these fr vii, | vii. ix, x xi. xii | xiii, | xiv. 8 c A C 5 c 4A A Exgi 1.2 cS: i. tbn-al-Haitham wrote, book, which deals with optics. a) Qanoon-ul-masoodi b) Kitab-ul-manazi c} Al-Shifad) None of these ii, refused the old theory of light, and declared it as a form of energy. a) Ibn-al-Haitham b)}Al-Beruni c) Dr.Abdul Qadeer d) None of these ili, described the nature of light. a) Yaqub kindi b) Ibn-e-Sina c) Al-Beruni d) None of these We camera is constructed by Ibn-al-Haitham. a) Digital b) Pinhole c) Analog d) None of these ve was the first to give two laws of reflection. a) Al-Beruni b) Nasir-ud-din c) Ibn-al-Haitham d) None of these vi. Ibn-al-Haitham was born at a city of Irag. a) Basra b) Baghdad c}Karbala d) None of these vil. was born in Afghanistan, LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM x a) Dr.Abdul Qader b) Al-Beruni. c) Khwarzami d) None of these viii. discussed the measurement and shape of earth. a) Ibn-al-Haitham b) Yaqub kindi c) Al-Beruni d) None of these ix. discussed the movement of known planets. a) Al-Beruni b) Yaqubkindi c) Ibn-al-Haitham d) None of these x The book “Qanoon Almosoodi” is written by. : a) Ibn-al-Haitham b) Al-Beruni c) Dr.Abdus salam d) None of these xk. gave the method of determining the longitude and latitude of a place. a) Al-Beruni. b) Jabir bin Hayan ¢}Ibn-al-Haitham d) None of these i... Yaqub kindi was bern in. a} Afghanistan b) Bhopal c) Basra d) None of these xill. discussed music from a scientific point of view. a) Al-Beruni b) Yaqub kindi c)lbn-al-Haitham d) None of these xiv. was the important member of “Bait-ul-Hikmat”. a) Al-Beruni b) Yaqub kindi c) Khwarzami d) None of these xv. Method of counting is introduced by. a) Nasir-ud-din. b) Khwarzami c) Yaqub Endl d) None of these xvi. ‘was the minister of halaku khan. a) Ibn-al-Haltham b) Al-Beruni c) Nasir-ud-din d) None of these wii. prepared precise and accurate tables about the planetary motion. a) Nasir-ud-din b) Al-Beruni c) Dr.Abdus Salam d)None af these xviii, Dr.Abdul Qadeer Khan was born at. in india. a) Delhi b) Bhopal c) Ahmed Abad d) None of these xix. The author of Al-Qanun-Fil-Tib (Qanoon) was x a). Al-Razi b) Omer khayam c) Ibn-2-Sina d) None of these xx; The famous book Al-Shifa was written by the Muslim scientist. 4 a) Ibn-e-Sina b) Ibn-al-Haitham c) Abu-Rehan-al-Beruni d) None of these xxi, was awarded Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on Grand Unification Theory (GUT). a) DrAbdul Qadeer b) Dr.Abdus Salam _c) Al-Beruni_d) None of these kL fi | Ti | ve} vi | wi] vill, |e. x BTA Dies. [eco af: wp cel Av 8 xi [iis [wi Paiva. [vie [avi Poovitl. | xix ce | A Cc B c 8B. c A B c A 8 MCQs From Past Papers: |.” Laws of Reflection and Refraction are given by. : (2001) a) Al-Razi b) Al-Beruni c}lbn-ul-Haitham d) Ibn-e-Sina ii... Qancon-ul-Masoodi was written by the Muslim scientist, i (2002)Pre Eng a) Ibn-ul-Haitham — b) Abu Rehan-al-Beruni ¢) Ibn-e-Sina d) Al Khuwarzami iil. | The famous book Kitab-ul-Qanaon Masoodi was written by. » {2002)Pre Med. LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM a a) Al Beruni b) Al Battni c) Al Masood d)al kind) iv. The author of Al Qanoon-Fil-Tib was, (2004) a) Al-Razi b)Ibn-2-Sina c)Omer Khayam ‘d)None of these vy. . Which of the following was written by Ibn-ul-Haitham? (2005) a) Kitab-ul-Manazir b) Kitab Qanoon-ul-Masoodi c) Al-shifa d) Al Qanoon-Fil-Tib vi. Kitab-ul-manazir was written by. i (2007) a) Ibn-ul-Haitham — b) Al-Beruni ¢) Ibn-e-Sina d)Al-Razi vii. The auther of the book al shifa was, ‘ {2008} a) Al-Razi b) Al-Beruni c) Ibn-e-Sina d) Ibn-ul- Haitham vill, Screw and liver were invented by. 2 (2009) a) Newton b) Al-Farabi c) Archimedes d)Galileo Galilei ix, . Kitab-ul-Manazir is written by. {2010) a) |bn-e-Sina b) Ibn-ul-t Haitham c) Al-Razi d) Al-Beruni x. The noble prize in physics was awarded to this Pakistani scientist: a) Dr. Abdul Qadeer khan b)Dr. Saleem uzzaman Siddiqui c) Dr. Abdus salam d) Dr. samar mubarak mand (2014) xi. Intravenons injection by means of silver syringe was initially used by: a) lbn-e-sin b) Omer Khayyam c)Al-Beruni — d) Jabir bin Hayyan xii, Kitab-ul-Manazir is written by, (2016) a) Ibn-e-Sina b) ibn-ul- Haitham c) Al-Razi d) Al-Beruni ta [am Tw [ow pow [fi Tok [oe [ot 7 ot tw | a ea: [ae oe ee |e Es Ex# 1.3 MCQs Based on measurement: i, Units used to express fundamental quantities are called a) Fundamental units b) Derived units c) S| Units d) None of these il, Units are derived from fundamental units are called a) Fundamental units b) Derived units c) Physical Units d) None of these iii. _ Aset of fundamental and derived units is called. . a) Powerset b) System of unit c) Derived unit d) None of these iv. The difference between the measured value and actual value is called a) Error b) Accuracy ‘) both d} None of these ve error can arise due to make an error in reading a scale. a) Personal b) Systematic c) Random —— d) None of these vi. error can arise due to fault in measuring instrument. a) Personal b) Systematic c) Random ~—_d) None of these vii, Systematic error also called error. a) Instrumental b) Zero ¢) both d) None of these viii. error arises due to the change in temperature. Persanal b) Systematic c) Random — d) Noneof these LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM a ix, S.1 Stands for. a) System of information b) Standard Information c) System international d) None of these x.” Inthe British Engineering System the unit of length is, and the unit of mass is. * a} Foot, slug b) metre,kilogram c) both a andb d) None of these xi. The multiples (Large) units are obtained by a) Adding b) Multiplying c) Dividing d) None of fhe xii.) The submultiples (Small) units are obtained by. a) Subtracting b) Multiplying - c) Dividing d) None of these xiii, Fundamental units are called units. a) Derived b) Basic c} S.| d) None of these xiv. 5 minutes = seconds. a) 50. b)300 c) 500 d) 700 xv. 30 seconds = minutes. a) 5 b)O.5 c) 2 d)None of these xvi: © 2 years = minutes. a) 63072000 b) 68273000 c) 60000000 d)1051200 xvii, 1 century = hours. a). 678000 b) 768000 c) 876000 d) 523000 xviii, 500mg = kg. a) 5x10"b) 5x10%c) Sx10* d) None of these xix. 2kg = g. a) 0.5. b) 200 c) 1000) 2000 xX. Lem=. mm. a) 0.1. b) 10 c} 100 d) 1000 xxi, Total number of fundamental units is, a) 3 b) 5 q7 d)10 xxii. 1 Decametre (Dm) = m. a) 10 b) 107 ¢) 10? d) 108 xxiii, 1 Gigametre (Gm) = m. a) 10° b) 10° ¢) 10% d) 104 xxiv.) 1 milimetre (mm) = m. a) 10? b) 10 ¢) 10% d) 105 xxv. 1 micrometre (um) = m. a) 103 b) 10* ¢) 107 d) 10% xxvi. . 1 nanometre (nm) = m. a. b) 10* c) 107 d) 10? yal. Lmetre= mm (milimetre}. a). 103 b) 103 c)107 d) 10 xvvili.’ Ll metre = pm (pecometre), a) 10? b) 108 c) 10% d) 10 wxix. Lmetre= Hm (Hectometre). b) 107 b) 107 c) 10? d) 10 LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF , WWW.USMANWEB.COM XXX. xxi, yoni vnxlli. XXXIV. XXXV. 1 metre = km (kilometre). ) 10° b) 10? c)207 d) 10 Random error is also called, error, a) Instrumental b) Accidental c) both d) None of these If we reduce the errors, then ‘will be increased, a) Accuracy b) Efficiency c) Result d) None of these We can increase the accuracy by taking the of a large member of readings of the same measurement. a) Sum b) Difference c) Average d) None of these The fundamental physical quantities which form the bases for MKS system are: a) Mass, Length, Force b) Force, Length, Time — c) Mass, Length, Time d) None of these Metre, kilogram, second, ampere, Kelvin, candela and mole are the seven basic units in the system called. a)_MKS b) SI c) CGS d} None of these i viii. ix, x xi, xi. c c A c B xx. | xi | xxii, xxiii. | xxiv. pic[a B yA will, | xxix, ~ [wei _heexil. fooriti. foociv. boon, Spe pa e [ee (eeenpa [let e [| s MCQs From Past Papers: i. Candela is the unit of s (2003)Pre Eng a) Force b) Luminous Intensity cc) Mass d) Velocity ii, The basic unit of Luminous Intensity is ‘ {2007} a) W/m? * b) Decibel c)Diopter d) Candela ili. . The basic unit of Luminous Intensity is. : (2014) a) W/m? b) Decibel ¢)Diopter d) Candela iv. — Light year is the unit of: (2027) a) Time b) Distance ¢) Velocity d) Luminous Intensity Lit a] Le tolo| Ex# 1.4 MCQs based on Dimension i. il. itt, iv. ‘The dimensions of angular momentum are, a) MLT? b) MLT? c) MT? d) None of these The dimensions of momentum are, ‘ a) MLT* b) MLT? c} MALT? d) None of these The dimensions of “G” are, ¥ a) Mur? b) ML?T3 ¢) MET? d) None of these The dimensions of acceleration are i a) LT b) LT? gr d) None of these LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM ™ v. The dimensions of force are a) MLT? b) MLT? c) MAT d) None of these i, a fit Pw Tv c.] e-] asf a fa MCQs From Past Papers: i. The dimensions of angular momentum are. i (2001) a) MET b) ML7T? c) MLT? d) MLT? ii. _ The dimensions of angular velocity are, : (2003)Pre Eng aj T b) LT? c) MPT? d) LT? iii, ~~ The dimensions of kinetic energy are i (2002)Pre Med a) AMUT? b)%4 MLT* c) ML"? d) MT? iv. — The dimensions of angular momentum are. E (2003)Pre Eng a) MLT? b) MLT* c) MT d) MUT v. The dimensions of “G” are, : (2003)Pre Med a) Mit? b) ML*T3 c) MTF d) None of these vi... The dimensions of power are, (2006) a). METS b) MT? c) MET? d) MET vil: The dimensions of linear momentum are- # (2007) a) MLT* b) MT? ie) MLT? d) Mert vill, The dimensions of torque are. 7 (2008) a) MUT b) MUT? i) MET? d) MLT? ix.» The dimensions of angular momentum are. z (2010) a) Une b) PMeT ¢) MT. d) PMT? x. » The dimensions of “G" are. : (2011) a) ML*T3 b) ML?T3 ¢) M{bT? d) Mav? xi. The dimensions of force are. . (2013) a) MLT byMLT* ¢) MLT? ¢) MLT? xii. The dimensions of torque are. : (2014) a) MUT b) MUT? ic) ML'T? d) MULT? xifi.’ The dimensions of “G” are, i (2015) a) ML“T b) ML773 ce) M1LT? d) MET? xiv... The dimensions of “6” are. j (2016) a) ML7T b) ML?7? ¢) MUBT? d) MT? MCQs based on significant figures i> The number 860.040 has. @) 3 significant figures b) 4 significant figures c) 6significant figures d) None of these LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF , WWW.USMANWEB.COM The number of significant figures in all the given number are 25,12, 4.156, 1.257x10". a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) None of these ji, The number 0.00089 should be expressed in significant notation as x a) 89 b) 89x10° )8.9x10* —_d) None of these iv. The number 9.40x10° has. 4 a) 1 significant figures b) 2significant figures c) 3 significant figures d) None of these v. For the quantity 0.121203, the number of significant figures is, a) 3 b) 4 dé d)7 vi. The number of significant figures in 2.050x10° is, : a) 2 b)3 da dé ia fw Tw Dv Tw t |e [se [ce i] cc MCQs FromPast Papers i. The number of significant figures in 1.20x10* are. ; (2002)Pre Med a) 2 b) 3 cd 4 d)7 ji, _ For the quantity 0.121203, the number of significant figures is {2003)Pre Med a) 3 b) 4 ¢) 6 d)7 iii, The number 860.040 has. significant figures. (2005) a) 3 b) 4 qs d) 6 iv. The number of significant figures in 2.050x10° is . (2006) a) 2 b) 3 4 a) 5 v. The number of significant figures in 0.005040 is. 3 (2008) a) 3 _ ba 5 dj 6 vi. The number of significant figures in 0.005040x10* , (2009) a) 2 b) 3 4 d)7 vii. The number of significant figures in 7.050x10" is F (2010) a) 2 b) 3 d4 d) 6 vill, The products of two numbers 5.642 and 4.71 in the prospective significant number is : (2012) a) 26.57382 b) 26.574 c) 26.6 d) 26.5738 ix. The number of significant figures in 1.6x107 is i a) 2 b) 3 ) 4 d)6 (2017) Evi iT Tv Tw Dw [ui 7 x (a C] DEG 1 a4 € 6 [och 2 LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM> USIMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF WWW.USMANWEB.COM Questions From Past Papers: (Complete Chapter} Name three Muslim Scientists? (1994) , ji, What are the dimensions of angular velocity “w”? show that the equation T = an ft is dimensionally correct, where “T” Is the time period of a simple pendulum of length at the place where acceleration due to gravity is “g". (1995) iil. . Give the names of three Muslim scientists who made remarkable contributions in the field of physics. (1998) iv. Show that the following equations are dimensionally correct: (2002)Pre Eng a) rata f b) V=fa v. Prove that the following equations are dimensionally correct: (2004) a) VP-Vi? = Zas b) T= an fe vi. - Give the dimensions of the following quantities: (2012) a). Torque b) Angular Momentum c) Pressure d) K.E vil. Show that the following formulae are dimensionally correct: : (2013} a) V=fa br = an FE vill. . Show that the following formulae are dimensionally correct: (2016) a) V=fa b) t= 20 is dimensionally correct and find the dimensions of kinetic ix. Show that the expression f = energy. (2017) Assignment # 1.1 What is the meaning of dimension in physics? Prave the following equations are dimensionally correct, a) we vtat b) s=vatiat? ce) s=(wevi)/2a d) - Sap im e) Vv =2n |t fl T=2n ft a) 722" fP h) v=af (here “T" is tension and vis the speed of transverse waves) LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COMUSMANWEB ALL CLASS NOTES DOWNLOAD IN PDF q WWW.USMANWEB.COM ii. vie vil. Give the dimensions of the following quantities. *angular velocity, *pressure, * stress, *Tension, “spring constant(k), *Gravitational canstant (G), *potential energy, “frequency, *weight, “coefficient of friction. How many significant figures are given in the following? a} 454 b)2.2 c)2.205 d)0.3937 e) 0.0353 f) 1.0080 g) 14.0 h) 93x40" i) 1.118x10% j) 2030 k) 125000 Ans; 3, 2, 4, 4,3, 5,3, 2,4, 4,6. Add the following in the prospective significant number. a} 703+7+0.66 b) 18.425+7.21+5.0 c) 0,0035+0.097+0.225 d) 4.0+0.632+0.148 ‘Ans: 711, 30.6, 0.326, 4.8 Subtract the following in the prospective significant number. a) 7.26-0.2 b)562.4-16.8 c)34-0.2 Ans: 7.1, 545.6, 34 Multiply the following in the prospective significant number, a) 2.21x0.3 b}72.4x0,084 ¢) 2.02x4.113 d) 107.88x0.610 e) 12.4xB4.0 f) 72.4x8.6 ‘Ans: 0.7, 6.1, 8.31, 65.8, 1.04x10%, 6.2x10? Divide the following in the prospective significant number, a) 97.52+2.54 b)14,28+0.714 c) 0.032+0.004 d)9.80+9.30 Ans: 38.4, 20.0, 8, 1,05 LES Bee tid tl Fig ail pee WWW.USMANWEB.COM