1. A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror.
Usually it does not last long, but it may feel like
forever. The cause can be something as normal as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. It
can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. The
signs of panic disorder include a fast heartbeat, sweaty hands, difficulty breathing, and a
lightheaded feeling.
The word "lightheaded" above means...
a. sad
b. dizzy
c. excited
d. sorrowful
e. distressed
2. Researchers have debunked the myth that extreme sportsmen and women adrenalin junkies
with a death wish. According to Professor Brymer from Leeds Beckett University, there had been
a gross misunderstanding of what motivates people to take part in extreme sports. Many write it
off as an activity for adrenalin junkies.
His research has shown that people who engage in extreme sports are anything but irresponsible
risk-takers with a death wish. They are highly trained individuals with a deep knowledge of
themselves, the activity, and the environment. They usually do the activity to have a life-
enhancing experience.
the word 'debunked' in paragraph 1 means
A. Supported
B. Dissaproved
C. Neglected
D. Confirmed
E. Established
3. The word 'engage' in paragraph 2 means....
a. suffer
b. Involve
c. decline
d. Increase
e. dismiss
4. Professor Gringras was part of a study, published in Frontiers in Public Health, analyzing the light
emitted by devices. It concluded there was a clear trend for new devices to be bigger, brighter,
have higher levels of contrast and emit more blue light. The professor of children's sleep
medicine told the BBC News website: "That is great for use in the day, but awful for use at night.
According to Professor Gringras, new devices tend to be bigger, brighter, have higher levels of
contrast and .... more blue light.
a. Shade
b. Trigger
c. Produce
d. Reflect
e. block
5. In 2010, researchers estimated that 8 billion kg of plastic entered the ocean in a single year, and
that number would sharply increase by 2025. When it enters the ocean, plastic waste disrupts
marine ecosystems, travels to central locations, and forms a trash island which can cover an area
of more than 1.6 million square km. These plastics never degrade, but rather break up into
smaller sizes. They eventually become microplastics that stay inthe environment for hundreds of
years.
Plastic waste which enters the ocean ..... Marine ecocystems, travels to central locations, and
forms a trash island.
a. disturbs
b. degrades
c. reduces
d. conducts
e. Shifts
Questions no 6-10
Forget lions, tigers, and bears. When it comes to the art of war, army ants are among the most
frightening creatures on earth. With powerful mouth parts, these fighters can skillfully cut
creatures much larger than themselves into pieces. Acting together in great number, army ant
colonies succeed at making tens of thousands of such kills each day. Their capabilities do have
limits, though. Contrary to popular belief, they almost never take down large animals or people
One of the best places to observe army ants is Barro Colorado, an island in a lake created by
Panama Canal. The island is home to as many as 50 colonies of Ecilon burchelli, the most studied
army ant in the world. It is one of 150 types of army ants in the New World;more 170 other
types live in Asia, Africa, and Australia.
The colonies of this army ant are huge, ranging from 300.000 to 700.000 ants. They never stay in
one place long, moving from nest site. Linking legs together, they use their own bodies to form
enormous nests called bivouacs, which they hang beneath a fallen tree. There they stay about 20
days as the queen lays as many as 300.000 eggs.
When the ants go hunting as many as 200.000 of them leave the nest in a group that broadens
into a fan as wide as 14 meters. This swarm raid takes a slightly different course each day,
allowing the hunter to cover fresh ground each time.
Protecting the ants wherever they go are soldiers, recognizable by their oversized jaws. If their
frightening looks do not scare enemies away, soldiers also have a powerful bite and the attack is
often suicidal. Because their jaws are shaped like fishhooks, the soldiers cannot pull them out
again. Amazonian tribes have used soldier ants to close wounds, breaking off the bodies and
leaving the head in place.
Eciton burchelli are blind and cannot see what is a head of them, but they move together in such
great numbers that they can easily kill the non army ants insect and other small creatures that
constitute their prey. When the groups happen upon a break in the path, ants immediately link
legs together and form living bridges so that the groups can move forwards without any delay.
In Japanese the word ant is written by linking two character: one meaning "insect", the other
meaning "loyalty". Indeed, individual ants are completely loyal to their fellow ants. They display
many examples of selfiess cooperation that, while certainty extreme, cannot fail to win human
admiration.
(Adapted from www.nationalgeographic.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)
6. Which of the following statements about soldier ants is NOT true?
a. People can use them to close wounds
b. They can see nothing ahead of them
c. They have powerful bites
d. They lay many eggs
e. They link their legs together to form a living bridge
7. The author’s purpose of writing the text is to ..
a. Inform the readers about how many ants set up their life
b. Demonstrate the strength of army ants compared to lions, tigers, and bears
c. Analyze how soldier ants protect their colonies
d. Make the readers aware of the use of army ants
e. Occur the soldier ants war
8. The phrase happen upon (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to
a. Meet
b. Find
c. Avoid
d. Need
e. Occur
9. In which paragraph of the text author mention the sight of army ants?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
e. 6
10. It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that the author tells us to ignore lions, tigers, and bears
because ..
a. The text is not about those animals
b. They are much more dangerous than ants
c. Army ants, in their own way, can be more fearsome than those animals
d. There are more ants than those animals
