M7062 - Calibration Guide - June - 24
M7062 - Calibration Guide - June - 24
com
Calibration Guide
Everything You Need to Know About Instantel’s
High-Resolution Calibration Process
 Contents                                                                                    The Background
 The Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
     What Are Calibrations? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
                                                                                             Instantel’s Impact
 Two Industry Calibration Display Formats . . . . . . . . 2
                                                                                             For Over 40 Years
     Tabular: 8 Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2    On The ISEE
     Graphical: 24 Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2         Performance
 Instantel’s High-Resolution Approach . . . . . . . . . . . 3                                Specifications
     Graphical: 993 Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
 Measuring the “As Found” Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . 4                                Renowned
 Is Sensor Check a Calibration?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5                         For Our High-Resolution
     How Does it Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5     Calibration Reports
 Equipment Calibration Intervals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5                          Instantel is renowned for our high-resolution calibration
 How Are Geophones Calibrated? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6                             techniques and graphical reports. We plot the amplitude
 Phase Response Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7                             frequency and phase responses for quick visualization.
                                                                                             Instantel was one of the first calibration facilities to add a
 How Are Microphones Calibrated? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8                               curve to the ISEE Threshold Limits for the linear microphone
 What Does Instantel’s Calibration Certificate Mean? . . 8                                   calibrations, even before it was included in the ISEE
 Why Use an Authorized Calibration Center? . . . . . . 9                                     Performance Specifications for Blasting Seismographs
 Preparing Your Service/Calibration Request . . . . . . 9                                    in 2017. With any Instantel calibrated equipment, you
                                                                                             can trust that your recorded data will be accurate.
                                                                                                                                                 Instantel 1 / 9
Two Industry Calibration Display Formats
Instantel’s 993 (ISEE) and 856 (DIN) Data Points vs The Industry Standard of 8 - 24 Data Points
When Instantel calibrates your equipment, you are not just getting the bare minimum test procedure. Instantel
calibrates far beyond the ISEE and DIN requirements for frequency and phase response. According to the 2017
ISEE Performance Specifications for Blasting Seismographs, calibration facilities may present their results in
two separate formats:
   • Format One: Calibration Documentation with Tabular Results (8 data points and “As Found” report)
   • Format Two: Calibration Documentation with Graphical Results (24 data points and “As Found” report)
Instantel’s calibration report includes the “As Found” report as a detailed graph (see Figure 4) and the final calibration
response graphs for each of the three geophone channels and for the linear microphone (see Figure 7 and
Figure 10). These graphs demonstrate, at a glance, if the equipment meets the specified response standard.
Format One: ISEE-2017 Tabular Results (8 Data Points Required for Measurement)
                                                                                                Amplitude Response
 Frequency                  Reference Signal
 Hertz (Hz)                 Amplitude(mm/s)        Transverse     Vertical     Longitudinal                               Tolerance                                 Pass/Fail
                                                     (mm/s)       (mm/s)         (mm/s)
                  2              25.4                25.67         25.88           25.44                              +5% to -3 dB (-29.2%)                           Pass
                  4              25.4                25.72         27.75           25.32        +/- 5 % or +/-0.5 mm/s (+/-0.02 in/s) whichever is larger             Fail
                  10             25.6                26.11         24.85           26.23        +/- 5 % or +/-0.5 mm/s (+/-0.02 in/s) whichever is larger             Pass
                  30             25.4                24.76         24.62           26.19        +/- 5 % or +/-0.5 mm/s (+/-0.02 in/s) whichever is larger             Pass
                  60             25.4                24.98         25.14           25.78        +/- 5 % or +/-0.5 mm/s (+/-0.02 in/s) whichever is larger             Pass
                  125            25.2                25.23         25.76           25.65        +/- 5 % or +/-0.5 mm/s (+/-0.02 in/s) whichever is larger             Pass
                  200            25.4                25.46         26.51           25.68                              +5% to -3 dB (-29.2%)                           Pass
                  250            25.4                25.72         25.95           25.45                              +5% to -3 dB (-29.2%)                           Pass
Figure 1. Example of the eight tabular results as required by the ISEE-2017 standard. The tabular values are filled in with one data point
failing to meet the tolerance at 4 Hz. The standard allows for a +/- 5% tolerance (with a -3 dB rolloff) from an ideal flat response to
compensate for real-world measurement variations.
Format Two: ISEE-2017 Graphical Results (24 Data Points Required for Measurement)
                                                           Amplitude vs Frequency Response ISEE Standard
                  1
                                                                             ISEE Upper Limit (+5% Tolerance Level)
-1
                  -3
                                     ISEE Lower Limit                                                                                     ISEE Lower Limit
                                     (-3 dB Tolerance Level                                                                               (-3 dB Tolerance Level
                                     (-29.2%))                                                                                            (-29.2%))
                  -4
                                                                                                                                        -
                                                                                                                                                          -
                                                                                                                                                          -
                                                                    CRITICAL OBSERVATION
          • The ISEE-2017 tabular approach does not show the whole picture with a very limited set of test points.
          • The ISEE-2017 graphical approach expands visibility, though remains limited in resolution. Exceedances
            outside the test points remain undetected.
                                                                                                                                                                             Instantel 2 / 9
                                                                   ISEE Upper Limit (+5% Tolerance Level)
                  0.5
0.0
                  -0.5
                                                                   ISEE Lower Limit (-5% Tolerance Level)
Both ISEE’s tabular and graphical requirements are limited in scope. Eight (8) tabular data points (see Figure 1)
 Amplitude (dB)
and twenty-four (24) graphical data points (see Figure 2) are the minimum to meet the specification. An actual
vibration
    -1.5 event is comprised of a complex set of frequencies and amplitudes that may interfere and generate
spikes that are not detectable using such a limited range of discrete reference points (see Figure 4).
One of the drawbacks when calibration documentation is presented in tabular form is that it lacks the insight
one-2.5
      can have through the visual component. Graphical representations display threshold limits and can
reveal signal exceedances with one glance. Tabular charts require an additional manual effort to determine
how close or far theISEE
                     calibration
                         Lower Limit results are from the allowed thresholds.           ISEE Lower Limit
                              (-3 dB Tolerance Level (29.2%))                                                      (-3 dB Tolerance Level (29.2%))
                  -3.5
Instantel’s
     1      High-Resolution Approach
                              10      to Calibration
                                  Frequency (Hz)     Documentation
                                                        100
Instantel goes beyond the ISEE-2017 requirements for calibration documentation, using a high-resolution graphical
format to display results. The ISEE linear microphone and triaxial geophones are calibrated from 1 to 500 Hz using a
                                                    ISEE Upper Limit (+5% Tolerance Level)
~0.50.5
      Hz (0.503 Hz) increment, this results in 993 calibrated data points. Additionally, Instantel includes the attenuation
response for undesired frequencies below 2 Hz and above 250 Hz for the ISEE standard.
     0.0
The DIN geophones are calibrated from 0.5 to 900 Hz using a ~0.5 Hz (0.469 Hz) increment below 7.5 Hz
and-0.5
      a ~1 Hz (1.061 Hz) increment above 7.5 ISEE    Hz,Lower
                                                          thisLimit
                                                                 results    in 856 calibrated data points. Instantel includes
                                                                     (-5% Tolerance Level)
the attenuation response for undesired frequencies below 1 Hz and above 315 Hz. This provides evidence that
 Amplitude (dB)
unwanted frequencies will be attenuated, thereby maintaining the recorded data’s accuracy. This information is
typically
    -1.5 not offered by other vibration monitor manufacturers. These same data points are used to measure and
plot the phase response (see Figure 7), providing further high-resolution evidence of compliance to the standard.
Instantel
  -2.5    Calibrates With 993 Data Points to Present Graphical Results
Instantel’s high-resolution calibration can detect exceedances that are otherwise missed when using the ISEE-
2017 tabular or graphical        standard. When these exceedances are detected, Instantel
                     ISEE Lower Limit                                                          ISEE calibrates
                                                                                                    Lower Limit     the device
                     (-3 dB Tolerance Level (29.2%))                                           (-3 dB Tolerance Level (29.2%))
to -3.5
   ensure all frequencies remain within the upper and lower limits of the standard. As seen in Figure 3, this
calibrated
        1 response is a very close match to1an       0 idealFrequency
                                                             flat response.
                                                                      (Hz) This information
                                                                                        10 0 is typically not offered by
other vibration monitor manufacturers.
                  0.0
                                                                                                                                         ISEE-2017’s
                                                                                                                                         8 tabular data
              -0.5                                                                                                                       points
                                                                   ISEE Lower Limit (-5% Tolerance Level)
 Amplitude (dB)
                                                                 KEY TAKEAWAYS
             • Instantel’s high-resolution graphical method makes it easy to visualize your calibration results.
             • Instantel’s high data points provides proof that the device will monitor according to specification for
               the full frequency band of the standard.
             • Instantel calibrations provide the highest degree of assurance that your monitoring device data is reliable.
                                                                                                                                                     Instantel 3 / 9
The Calibration Process: Measuring The “As Found” Condition
What Does “As Found” Mean?
“As Found” refers to the assessment of a                      Amplitude/Frequency Response                    Phase Response
monitoring unit’s calibration data (for each                           Exceedance
                                              KEY TAKEAWAYS
   • When looking to purchase monitoring equipment for your next project, it is important to understand
     the impact of a quality calibration process.
   • With Instantel’s high-resolution data point calibration, you can be sure that your equipment is
     properly registering the full frequency range of a vibration event.
   • Instantel’s high-resolution 993 calibration data points at ~0.5 Hz increments for the ISEE standard,
     is part of our reputation as industry leaders for equipment calibration.
                                                                                                                               Instantel 4 / 9
Is a Sensor Check a Calibration?
No, the Sensor Check function is NOT the same as a calibration. A Sensor Check does not compare the measured
result against an externally traceable reference sensor. Nor does it test the entire electronic circuit that is integral
to the sensor’s response. Under no means can a Sensor Check replace the annual calibration process.
                                                                 Notes
                                                                                                             Company                                                                       GPS Location
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ABC Inc                              Latitude          Longitude
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Distance
                                                                  Location                                   General   Notes
                                                                                                                    Palm Springs                                                           Source Location                                  031 7.072 N       097 27.586 E                        Scaled Distance
by an Overswing Ratio (OR). It does this by
                                                                  Client                                                                Palm Springs                                       Sensor Location                                  031 7.158 N       097 27.570 E
                                                                  Company                                                               ABC Inc                                            Distance                                         0.0 f
                                                                  General Notes                             Extended Notes                                                                 Scaled Distance                                  26.0 (529.9 ft, 416.0 lb)
sending an electric pulse or series of pulses                    Extended Notes                             Post Event Notes No text to be displayed.
                                                                 Post Event Notes No text to be displayed.
                                                                                                            Geophone                                                                                   Tran                          Vert                      Long                                                                       USBM
to the connected sensors and measures                            Geophone
                                                                  Peak Particle Velocity
                                                                                                          Tran
                                                                                                    Peak Particle
                                                                                                    Peak Particle
                                                                  Peak Particle Velocity (Ponderated)
                                                                                                                          Vert
                                                                                                          1.015 in/s Velocity
                                                                                                                          0.388 in/s
                                                                                                          0.658 in/s Velocity
                                                                                                                                      Long
                                                                                                                                      0.519 in/s
                                                                                                                          0.189(Ponderated)
                                                                                                                                in/s  0.370 in/s
                                                                                                                                                                                                       1.015 in/s
                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.658 in/s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  USBM RI8507 And OSMRE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Velocity 0.388    in/s (Zero Crossing)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    versus Frequency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.189 in/s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.519       in/s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               0.370 in/s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Velocity versu
their response.
                                                                  Peak Particle Velocity                  0.129 dB        8.219 dB    5.683 dB
                                                                  Zero Crossing Frequency           Peak Particle
                                                                                                          48.8 Hz Velocity85.3 Hz     45.5 Hz                                                          0.12910 dB                    8.219 dB                  5.683 dB
                                                                  Time (Relative to Trigger)        Zero Crossing
                                                                                                          0.269 sec Frequency
                                                                                                                          0.103 sec   0.309 sec                                                        48.8 Hz                       85.3 Hz                   45.5 Hz                                                   10
                                                                  Peak Acceleration                       0.796 g         0.504 g     0.556 g
                                                                  Peak Displacement                 Time (Relative
                                                                                                          0.003 in    to Trigger)
                                                                                                                          0.001 in    0.002 in                                                         0.269 5 sec                   0.103 sec                 0.309 sec
The Sensor Check results are accessible                           Sensor Check
                                                                   Frequency
                                                                                                          ✔ Passed
                                                                                                    Peak Acceleration
                                                                                                          7.1 Hz
                                                                                                    Peak Displacement
                                                                                                                          ✔ Passed
                                                                                                                          7.3 Hz
                                                                                                                                      ✔ Passed
                                                                                                                                      7.3 Hz
                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.796
                                                                                                                                                                                                         3.94 g
                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.003 in
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.504 g
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.001 in
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               0.556 g
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               0.002 in                                                 5
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ✔ Passed                      ✔ Passed                  ✔ Passed
                                                                   Overswing Ratio                        4.7             4.5         4.5
                                                                                                                Sensor Check                                                                                                                                                                                        3.94
via the monitoring unit’s user interface (see
                                                                                                                                                                                                             2
                                                                     Peak Vector Sum                                  1.018 in/s at 0.269 sec
                                                                                                                 Frequency                                                                             7.1 Hz                        7.3 Hz                    7.3 Hz
                                                                 ISEE Linear Microphone                          Overswing Ratio                                                                       4.7 1                         4.5                       4.5 ++
Figure 5) and are displayed on all event
                                                                                                                                                                                          Velocity (in/s)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Velocity (in/s)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              xx x
                                                                                                             Peak Sound                                                                                                                                      + xxøx+ø x+  +ø+ø
                                                                   Test Amplitude                                   1510 mv Pressure Level                                                             0.002331    psi                                                                   x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               xxx x
                                                                                                                                                                                                            0.2                                                  x+ø              xx     xx
                                                                                                                Peak Sound Pressure Level                                                              118.1 dB(L)                                                 x ø+          x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Frequency (Hz)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         20            50        100
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.2
response.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 + Tran x Vert ø Long
                                                                                              1.6
                                                                                              1.2                                                                                                                                                                                                                        0.1
                                                                                              0.8
                                                                            Velocity(in/s)
                                                                                              0.4
                                                                                                0
                                                             Tran
                                                                                             -0.4
                                                                                             -0.8
                                                                                             -1.2                                                                                                                                                                                                                 0.05
Be Calibrated?
                                                                                          0.4
                                                                                          0.3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Fr
                                                                        Velocity(in/s)
                                                                                          0.2
                                                                                          0.1
                                                                                            0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             + Tran
                                                             Vert
                                                                                         -0.1
                                                                                         -0.2
                                                                                         -0.3
                                                                                         -0.4                                            1.6
                                                                                                                                         1.2
Instantel recommends an annual calibration
                                                                                         -0.5
                                                                                                                                         0.8
                                                                                                                       Velocity(in/s)
                                                                                              0.8
                                                                                              0.6                                       -0.4
                                                                                              0.4
                                                                                                                                        -0.8
                                                                            Velocity(in/s)
                                                                                              0.2
                                                                                                                                        -1.2
microphones. Due to normal wear and tear,
                                                                                                0
                                                             Long
                                                                                             -0.2
                                                                                             -0.4                                       -1.6
                                                                                             -0.6
                                                                                             -0.8                                              0                                 0.2                                     0.4                              0.6                                                      0.8                    1
                                                                                                                                     0.5
                                                                                                                                                   0.4                     0.6
                                                                                                                                                                                       Time(sec)
                                                                                                                                                                                                            0.8                  1                     1.2                         1.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Time(sec)
Velocity(in/s)
                                                                                 0.001
                                                                                                                                     0.2
                                                                                     0
                                                                                                                                     0.1
is essential to ensure the monitoring unit
                                                             MicL
                                                                                -0.001                                                 0
                                                                                                        Vert
                                                                                -0.002                                              -0.1
                                                                                -0.003                                              -0.2
measures accurately and performs according                                                      0        0.2                        -0.3           0.4                 0.6                                  0.8                  1                     1.2                         1.4
                                                                                                                                    -0.4
                                                                                                                                    -0.5                                               Time(sec)
-0.2
Adjustments are made to the equipment being calibrated to ensure accurate recording. An up-to-date                                      -0.4
                                                                                                                                        -0.6
                                                                                                                                        -0.8
calibration provides you and any governing regulatory body confidence in the measured results.                                                 0                                 0.2                                     0.4                              0.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Time(sec)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   0.8                    1
                                                                                                                            0.003
                                                                                                                            0.002
                                                                                                           Pressure(psi)
                                                                                                                            0.001
                                                                                                                                0
                                                                                                        MicL
                                                                                                                           -0.001
                                                                                                                           -0.002
                                                                                                                           -0.003
                                                                                                                                           0                                 0.2                                         0.4                             0.6                             Instantel
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            0.8    5 / 91
Geophone Calibration Station
After the geophone is attached to the shake table and the “As Found” condition is determined, it is
calibrated by adjusting the amplitude response to meet either of the ISEE, DIN, Swedish Blasting or
Swedish Pile Driving standards.
      Amplitude/Frequency Response           Phase Response
                                                                           Reference                           Reference
                                                                           accelerometers                      accelerometers
                                                                                                                                       Instantel 6 / 9
                                                                                            Tabular Method
                                                                                            •   Tabular results are difficult to read and understand.
          ISEE Upper Limit
          (26° Tolerance Level)
                                                                                            •   Tabular results do not give insight in terms of the phase
                                                                                                relationship of the signals.
                                                                                            •   The tabular method only focuses on the phase behavior
                              ISEE Upper Limit (12° Tolerance Level)
                                                                                                at the high and low ends of the frequency band.
                                                                                            Graphical Method
                                                                                            •   Graphical results are simple to read with clearly defined
                                                                                                upper and lower limits.
                             ISEE Lower Limit (-12° Tolerance Level)
                                                                                            •   The graphical method presents the phase response
                                                                                                behavior across the entire frequency band.
          ISEE Lower Limit
          (-26° Tolerance Level)
                                                                                            •   The graphical method simplifies detecting irregularities
                                                                                                and exceedances across the entire frequency band.
                                                                                            Instantel’s high-resolution (856 DIN and 993 ISEE) data
                                     Frequency (Hz)                                         points provide the same high-resolution accuracy for
Figure 9. Example of a single channel (Transverse)
                                                                                            calculating phase response. This is seen in Figure 7,
graphical view from Instantel’s 993 data points on the                                      where Instantel’s phase response is included on the DIN
ISEE-2017 phase response requirements.                                                      response graph and in Figure 9, where Instantel’s phase
                                                                                            response is included on the ISEE-2017 response graph.
                                                                                     KEY TAKEAWAY
  •    Instantel’s high-resolution data point calibration is plotted on a graphical chart for phase response.
  •    Compliance with the ISEE-2017’s performance specification for phase response is easy to
       evaluate along the entire frequency band.
- 4 dB -4 dB
Frequency (Hz)
Figure 10. Linear microphone amplitude frequency response.                                                            Example of a Microphone calibration
                                                                                                                      chamber.
                                                                                                                                                         Instantel 7 / 9
What Does the Calibration Certificate Mean?
Should an authority question your monitoring measurement records, a calibration
certificate is the document that provides proof of a completed calibration. It also
provides proof of the calibration date.
When monitoring equipment is calibrated at Instantel, a calibration certificate that
follows industry guidelines such as the International Society of Explosive Engineers
(ISEE-2017), is issued. This calibration certificate includes the following key elements:
  •   Name and address of the calibration facility
  •   Serial numbers of the equipment being calibrated
  •   Model number and a description of the equipment being calibrated
  •   Date on which the calibration was performed
  •   Graphical results of the calibration
  •   A list of the equipment used to perform the calibration and the standards they are traceable to
  •   Name and signature of the technician
  •   A separate “As Found” response graph
                                                                                                             Instantel 8 / 9
What Do You Need to Get Your Service/Calibration Request Started?
To better serve you, we require a few pieces of information to get your service request opened. We
recommend having the information below available before you start your submission. The recommended
information, such as the model and serial number, can be found on the Instantel product information sticker
located on the outside of your Instantel equipment. Please see the image below for an example. If you have
trouble locating this information, please email service@Instantel.com.
You will need the following information to submit a service request:
 • Serial Number (Example: UM12345)
 • Model (Example: Micromate)
 • A Return Shipping Address
 • Return Carrier Information – If you have a corporate shipping account with a specific carrier, please
    let us know. Otherwise, we will use one of our preferred carriers.
 • Dealer Name
    equipment to Instantel will be sent to the email address you submitted with the request. This email
    will also include a return shipping label with Instantel’s corporate address and the RMA number.
 8. Please use the shipping labels provided to return your equipment to Instantel.
 Note: for multi-unit service calibration requests, please follow the procedure outlined on our website in
 the Service & Calibration section.
                                                                                                             Instantel 9 / 9