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Boyle's Law

1. Boyle found that at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas varies inversely with pressure. When pressure increases, volume decreases proportionately so that their product remains constant. 2. Boyle's law can be used to calculate the new volume of a gas if its pressure changes at constant temperature, using the formula Pressure 1 × Volume 1 = Pressure 2 × Volume 2. 3. Experiments and common sense observations support Boyle's law that gas volume decreases when pressure increases or increases when pressure decreases at constant temperature.

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101 views2 pages

Boyle's Law

1. Boyle found that at a constant temperature, the volume of a gas varies inversely with pressure. When pressure increases, volume decreases proportionately so that their product remains constant. 2. Boyle's law can be used to calculate the new volume of a gas if its pressure changes at constant temperature, using the formula Pressure 1 × Volume 1 = Pressure 2 × Volume 2. 3. Experiments and common sense observations support Boyle's law that gas volume decreases when pressure increases or increases when pressure decreases at constant temperature.

Uploaded by

Mixer 5000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Boyle’s Law  Boyle found that when pressure was decreased volume

increased proportionally. When the pressure was


increased, volume decreased proportionally.
“How V and P change when T is constant.”  But the product of pressure and volume remained
constant
Robert Boyle (1627-1691)
 Robert Boyle was born into an aristocratic  Boyle’s Law - The volume of a fixed Mathematically:
Irish family. mass of gas varies inversely with the
P1V1 = P2V2
 Boyle became interested in medicine and pressure at a constant temperature.
the science of Galileo and studied chemistry.
 Robert Boyle was a prolific writer on science,
philosophy, and theology.
 Boyle was a champion of performing controlled experiments and
keeping and publishing detailed records Given three values you can solve for the fourth.
P1 V1
V2 = ( )V P2 = ( )P
 Boyle’s Experiments P2 1 V2 1
Boyle performed experiments  Boyle’s Law is an Inverse Proportion.
in which he examined the  An inverse proportion is a
changes in the volume of a gas relationship between two variables in
under different pressures. which the product is a constant.
 Pressure and volume move  When one variable increases the
in opposite directions. other decreases in proportion so that
Pressure up – Volume down the product is unchanged
High pressure - Low volume
Low pressure - High volume  Boyle’s Law Demonstrated
 Boyles Law can be demonstrated
 Boyle’s Experimental Results with a simple piston and weight.
 As weight (pressure) is added to
the top what happens to the
volume of the cylinder?
 Boyle’s Law – Common Sense 2. A sample of nitrogen gas has a volume of 6.4 L at a
 What happens to the pressure in this cylinder pressure of 0.70 atm. What will the new volume be if the
as more and more volume of gas is put in? pressure is changed to 1.40 atm? (T constant).
The pressure increases.
 What if you take out a volume of the gas?
The pressure decreases Initial Conditions: Final Conditions: Common sense
check –
P1 = 0.7 atm P2 = 1.4 atm The pressure went
 Boyle’s Law Fits First Ideal Model. up so volume

A gas is mostly V1 = 6.4 L V2 = ?
should go down -
empty space so it and it
can be compressed. does.

 As a gas is
compressed its P1V1 = P2V2
molecules strike the
P1
V2 = ( )V
walls of the container more frequently thus raising the P2 1
0.7 atm
pressure. V2 = ( ) 6.4 L
1.4 atm
V2 = 3. 2 L
 Using Boyle’s Law
1. Freon -12, CCl2F2, is used in refrigeration systems. What
3. A sample of helium gas has a volume of 12.0 L at 600 mm
is the new volume (L) of a 1.6 L sample of Freon gas
Hg. What new pressure is needed to change the volume
initially at 50 mm Hg after its pressure is changed to 200
to 36.0 L? (T constant)
mm Hg at constant T
Common sense
Common sense
Initial Conditions: Final Conditions: check –
Initial Conditions: Final Conditions: check –
P1 = 600 mm P2 = ? volume goes up
P1 = 50 mmHg P2 = 200 mmHg The pressure
so pressure
went up so the V1 = 12 L V2 = 36 L
V1 = 1.6 L V2 = ? should go down
volume
- and it does.
should go down -
and it does.
P1V1 = P2V2
V1
P1V1 = P2V2 P2 = ( )P
P1 V2 1
V2 = ( )V 12 L
P2 1 P2 = ( ) 600 mm
50 mm 36 L
V2 = ( ) 1.6 L P2 = 200 mm
200 mm
V2 = 0.4 L

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