12
Practical Research 2
Quarter 1–Module 9
PRESENT WRITTEN STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Sernor Cherryl S. Gatchalian
Editor: James V. Henson
Reviewer: Sernor Cherryl S. Gatchalian
Layout Artist: Froilan G. Isip
Management Team Zenia G. Mostoles EdD, CESO V, SDS
Leonardo C. Canlas EdD CESE, ASDS
Rowena T. Quiambao CESE, ASDS
Celia R. Lacanlale PhD, CID Chief
Arceli S. Lopez PhD, SGOD Chief
June D. Cunanan EPS- English
Ruby M. Jimenez PhD, EPS-LRMDS
Published by the Department of Education, Schools Division of Pampanga
Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando,
Pampanga
Telephone No: (045) 435-2728
E-mail Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:
Welcome to the Practical Research 2 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Statement of the Problem .
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
For the Learner:
Welcome to the Practical Research 2 / Grade 12 Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module on Statement of the Problem.
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know
Believe it or not, but it is the truth. We have habituated to adapt to new things,
as our desires and wants increases day by day.
As our demands increase, the requirement of research also rises. It can also be said
that research is what that makes our life easier. It is just the result of curiosity or a
new innovative idea.
The first and most important step in any research is to identify and delineate the
research problem: that is, what the researcher wants to solve and what questions
he/she wishes to answer.
The first and most important step in any research is to identify and delineate
the research problem: that is, what the researcher wants to solve and what questions
he/she wishes to answer.
A research problem may be defined as an area of concern, a gap in the existing
knowledge, or a deviation in the norm or standard that points to the need for further
understanding and investigation.
This module will assist you in encouraging the learners to realize the
importance of statement of the problem in research.
For the learner:
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
Differentiate the general problem from the specific problem of the research
Compare the different types of research questions
Formulate the general problem of the study and its specific questions.
What I Know
Directions: Read each item carefully, choose the letter of the correct answer and
write your answers on your notebook.
1. This is a form of natural language used in any problem solving.
A. Data
B. Conceptual
C. Thesis
D. Statement of the Problem
2. Which of the following is NOT the characteristic of a good research questions?
A. t must be subjective
B. It must be feasible
C. It must be clear
D. It must ethical
3. This is a statement in which we already know the problem.
A. Aspect
B. Context
C. Delivery
D. Scope
4. A statement in the problem that specify what do we need to know.
A. Context
B. Delivery
C. Objectives
D. Precise Issue
5. A statement of the problem that shows reasons why do we need to know
the problem.
A. Context
B. Delivery
C. Precise Issue
D. Relevance
6. A statement of the problem that gives specific guidelines in what to do to find out
the result.
A. Context
B. Delivery
C. Objective
D. Relevance
7. How to write a problem statement?
A. Define the issue
B. Do not set a specific objective
C. Relate the topic to the statement
D. Show the relevance of the problem
8. Which of the statement is NOT included in the selection of the research problem?
A. The course of action must provide objective.
B. There must be at least two possible outcomes.
C. There must be only individual in the environment.
D. Both A & B
9. Which among the statement is CORRECT base on the characteristics a good
research questions?
A. What would be the level of achievement if each student is given a laptop to
use for a semester?
B. What is the level of achievement of students using laptop in the semester?
C. How effective is laptop in the semester?
D. How do students of Magsaysay High School feel about the new social studies
textbook issued in the District?
10. As a learner, how can you write a persuasive statement?
A. Accomplish a complete task
B. Browse information from the internet
C. Describe the ideal, reality and consequences
D. Establish an objective
11. This is a sentence that sums up what you want to change.
A. Background of the Study
B. Conceptual Framework
C. Definition of Terms
D. Problem Statement
12. It is a guiding star that provides creative thinking.
A. Conceptual Framework
B. Definition of Terms
C. Scope and Limitation
D. Problem Statement
13. It is an outline in research that addressed the problem in the study.
A. Definition of Terms
B. Scope and Limitation
C. Statement of the Problem
D. Theory
14. How effective is a research question?
A. By checking the objectives of the research title
B. By describing the concept of the study
C. By summarizing the scope and limitation of the study
D. By using What, Why, and How questions
15. Which of the statement is CORRECT in formulating a research question?
A. A research question should copy a context.
B. A research question must be significant and worth investigating
C. A research question is general in ideas.
D. A research question should be contrast to the concept.
Lesson
Statement of the Problem
9
A research problem is a question that researcher wants to answer or a
problem that a researcher wants to solve.
Problem statements is a form of natural language used in any problem solving.
A problem statement is described in terms of scope, structure and its purpose.
Both professional researchers and successful student research develop research
questions. That‟s because research questions are more than handy tools, they are
essentials to the research process.
What’s In
Directions: Recall an event in your childhood when you did not fully comprehend
what was happening. Write it on the space provided below. Afterwards, write at least
three questions regarding that event back then that still remain unanswered today.
Write a reason why the questions remain unresolved.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What’s New
QUEST FOR QUESTIONS
THE TASK:
Frame at least three research questions, one for every quantity research design
(descriptive, correlational, experimental). All research questions must reflect the
topic of interest and relevant to the team‟s senior high school strand.
The Product:
The presentation must be reflective the following questions:
1. Why did you choose your topic of interest? What did you find most interesting
about the topic? Explain its relevance to the senior high school strand you are
under.
2. What are the prospective research questions you came up with?
3. Briefly explain the concept behind each question.
4. What are the possible challenges/difficulties you might encounter for every
research question? Consider the elements of time, money, and effort
What is It
According to Kerlinger, „A problem is an interrogative sentence or statement
that asks what relation exists between two or more variable. The answer to
question will provide what is having sought in the research.
A statement of the problem is used in research work as a claim that outlines
the problem addressed by a study.
A good research problem should address an existing gap in knowledge in the
field and lead to further research.
To write a persuasive problem statement, you need to describe (a) the ideal,
(b), the reality, and (c) the consequences.
SELECTION OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
1. There must be an individual or a group or an organization having different types
of environment.
2. There must be at least two course of action is defined by one or more values of
the controlled variable.
3. There must be at least two possible outcomes. Out of these two a researcher
wants an objective.
4. The courses of action available must provide some chance of obtaining the
objective but they cannot provide the same chance as they have unequal
efficiencies for the desired result.
How to write a problem statement
After you have identified a research problem for your project, the next step is to
write a problem statement. An effective problem statement is concise and concrete.
It should:
Put the problem in context (what do we already know?)
Describe the precise issue that the research will address (what do we need
to know?)
Show the relevance of the problem (why do we need to know it?)
Set the objectives of the research (what will you do to find out?)
Characteristics of a good research questions:
1. It must be feasible
Example: What would be the level of achievement if each student is given a laptop to
use for a semester? - not feasible
How do students of Magsaysay High School feel about the new social
studies textbook issued in the District? – feasible
2. It must be clear
3. The question must be significant- it must be worth investigating
4. The question is ethical
Discussion of Activity 1
Directions: Read and answer the following questions. Use 2-3 sentences for your
answers and write it on your notebook.
1. Base on your experience as a student, define statement of the problem?
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. What are the different characteristics of a good question?
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. How to write a problem statement?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Guide Questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Based on the responses to each questions, what have you realized about the
statement of the problem?
What’s More
Independent Activity 1
Directions. Complete the following chart and write three (3) things what you know
and understand about statement of the problems.
# KNOW UNDERSTAND
Independent Assessment 1
Directions: Formulate a research questions based on the pictures given and write it
on your notebook.
1. ___________________________
___________________________
2. ____________________________
____________________________
3. _____________________________
_____________________________
Independent Activity 2
Match each situation that identifies the appropriate problem statement. Write
your answer on your notebook.
Noriel cooks delicious food for his lovely wife. What did the boy prepare?
An old woman crosses the street. John rushes in How Sandy react to the beggar?
Mandy takes out his pen and notebook Who helped the old woman crossing the street?
A beggar was asking for alms. Sandy opened his What did Mandy used in school?
wallet
The little boy prepared the materials in making a How did Noriel express his love to his wife?
kite
Independent Assessment 2
Directions. Write T if you think the statement is correct and F if you think the
statement is false and write one (1) sentence as your explanation.
1. Place each work in the context of its contribution to understanding the
research problem being studied.
2. Describe the relationship of each work to the others under consideration
3. Identify old ways to interpret prior research
4. Reveal any gaps that exist in the literature
5. Resolve conflicts among seemingly contradictory previous studies.
Independent Activity 3
Directions: Formulate one (1) Research Questions about COVID 19 Pandemic. Use
What, Why, and How questions.
WHAT WHY HOW
Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Choose a specific situational example and formulate a questions/problem.
1. Secretary Duque explains the different symptoms of corona virus.
2. Department of Education conducted a survey about the proposal for the opening of
classes in August 2020.
What I Have Learned
Directions: Write an essay about statement of the problem. Answer in 200-250 words.
What I Can Do
Reflect on what you have learned after taking up this lesson by completing the chart below in 2-3
sentences
I thought…
What were your thoughts
or ideas about statement of
the problem?
I learned that…
What new or additional
ideas did you learn after
taking up this lesson?
How did you apply the I applied that…..
things you have learned
about formulating a
statement of the
problem?
Assessment
Choose the best answer by writing the letter on the blank before each number.
___1. This is a sentence that sums up what you want to change.
A. Background of the Study
B. Conceptual Framework
C. Definition of Terms
D. Problem Statement
___2. It is a guiding star that provides creative thinking.
A. Conceptual Framework
B. Definition of Terms
C. Scope and Limitation
D. Problem Statement
___3. It is an outline in research that addressed the problem in the study.
A. Definition of Terms
B. Scope and Limitation
C. Statement of the Problem
D. Theory
___4. How effective is a research question?
A. By checking the objectives of the research title
B. By describing the concept of the study
C. By summarizing the scope and limitation of the study
D. By using What, Why, and How questions
___5. Which of the statement is CORRECT in formulating a research question?
A. A research question should copy a context.
B. A research question must be significant and worth investigating
C. A research question is general in ideas.
D. A research question should be contrast to the concept.
___6. This is a form of natural language used in any problem solving.
A. Conceptual
B. Data
C. Statement of the Problem
D. Thesis
___7. Which of the following is NOT the characteristics of a good
research questions?
A. It must be feasible
B. It must be clear
C. It must ethical
D. It must be subjective
___8. This is a statement in which we already know the problem.
A. Aspect
B. Context
C. Delivery
D. Scope
____9. A statement in the problem that specify what do we need to know.
A. Context
B. Delivery
C. Objectives
D. Precise Issue
___10. A statement of the problem that shows reasons why do we need to know
the problem.
A. Context
B. Delivery
C. Precise Issue
D. Relevance
___11. A statement of the problem that gives specific guidelines in what to do to find out
the result.
A. Context
B. Delivery
C. Objective
D. Relevance
___12. How to write a problem statement?
A. Define the issue
B. Do not set a specific objective
C. Relate the topic to the statement
D. Show the relevance of the problem
___13. Which of the statement is NOT included in the selection of the research problem?
A. The course of action must provide objective.
B. There must be at least two possible outcomes.
C. There must be only individual in the environment.
D. Both A & B
___14. Which among the statement is correct base on the characteristics a good
research questions?
A. What would be the level of achievement if each student is given a laptop to use for
a semester?
B. What is the level of achievement of students using laptop in the semester?
C. How effective is laptop in the semester?
D. How do students of Magsaysay High School feel about the new social studies
textbook issued in the District?
___15. As a learner, how can you write a persuasive statement?
A. Accomplish a complete task
B. Browse information from the internet
C. Describe the ideal, reality and consequences
D. Establish an objective
Additional Activities
Critical Thinking.
Answer the questions below following the instruction given in each test.
ESSAY. Briefly explain what is asked below.
A. According to Alvesson and Sandberg (2013) a research problem is the “main
organizing principle guiding the analysis of your paper”. What does the statement mean?
Explain, write your answers below.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
What I Know/POST TEST INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 2 Assessment/ PRE TEST
1. How did Noriel express
1. D his love to his wife?
1. D
2. D 2. Who helped the old 2. A
3. C woman crossing the 3. B
street?
4. D 3. What did Mandy used in 4. D
5. B school? 5. D
6. D 4. How Sandy react to the 6. C
beggar?
7. A 5. What did the boy 7. C
8. B prepare? 8. C
INDEPENDENT ASSESSMENT 2
9. D 9. A
10.D 1. T 10.C
11.C 2. T 11.D
12.C 3. F
4. T
12.D
13.C 5. T 13.C
14.A 14.D
15.C 15.B
Answer Key
References
Reddy, Chitra, “Education and Beyond “: Skill Development
https://content.wisestep.com/research-important-students-humans-education/
