List of Suffixes
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January 12, 2021 by admin
What Are Suffixes In Grammar?
A suffix is a group of letters (sometimes just a single letter) added at the end of a word
to change its meaning or to convert it into another form.
I am health
I am healthy
I need to straight my hair.
I need to straighten my hair.
She needs to performance.
She needs to perform.
List Of Suffixes A To Z With Definition Types And Examples
We are going to discuss four types of suffixes:
1. Suffixes that makes Adverb
a. Adverbs describe verbs and adjectives
i. I run quickly.
ii. She is simply beautiful.
2. Suffixes that makes Noun
3. Suffixes that makes Verb
a. Verbs are actions
4. Suffixes that makes Adjective
a. Adjectives describe nouns
1. Suffixes List (That Makes Adverb)
Suffix Meaning Example
quickly, softly, efficiently, bravely,
in what manner something is
-ly simply, honestly, gladly, lately, rightly,
being done
completely, really, definitely,
Afterward, outward, inward, forward,
-ward in a certain direction
backward,
Otherwise, likewise, anticlockwise,
-wise in relation to clockwise, edgewise, lengthwise,
crosswise
2. Suffixes List (That Makes Adjective)
suffix meaning example
capable, affordable, dissolvable,
–able able to be inflatable, flammable, preventable,
adaptable, predictable, credible
accidental, educational, regional,
-al pertaining to personal, social, theatrical, natural,
seasonal
instant, important, vigilant, defiant,
-ant inclined to or tending to
brilliant, reliant
stationary, necessary, planetary,
military, honorary, dietary,
-ary of or relating to
complimentary, momentary,
cautionary, customary
action or process, making an
-er anger, faster, bigger, fuller, longer
adjective comparative
fruitful, painful, cupful, helpful,
-ful full of hopeful, grateful, beautiful, wonderful,
fanciful, awful
horrible, terrible, legible/illegible,
-ible capable of being, ability
flexible/inflexible
patriotic, parotic, athletic, historic,
fantastic, iconic, organic, heroic,
-ic relating to
poetic, basic, scientific, historic,
rhythmic, photographic
historical, , practical, logical, magical,
-ical having the nature of
statistical, alphabetical, historical
religious, conscious, ambitious,
notorious, luxurious. gracious,
-ious, -ous having qualities of cautious, humorous, fabulous,
dangerous, mysterious, nervous,
victorious, poisonous, courteous
accomplish, amateurish, sheepish,
-ish origin, nature
foolish, childish, selfish, girlish, pinkish
cooperative, sensitive, supportive,
-ive quality or nature of creative, expensive, expressive,
pensive
colorless, selfless, tubeless, useless,
friendless, hopeless, faultless, fearless,
-less without anything
restless, homeless, worthless,
penniless, powerless
cloudlike, childlike, warlike, ladylike,
-like similar to, alike
boxlike, birdlike, warlike, lifelike
advantageous, subconscious,
–ous full of
percutaneous
handsome, fearsome, tiresome,
–some a tendency to
awesome
angry, baggy, bally, brainy, fruity, tasty,
-y made up of or characterized by grouchy, rainy, funny, messy, dirty,
spotty
3. List Of Suffix (That Makes Noun)
Suffix Meaning Example
Percentage, drainage marriage,
-age action, a result, state, process shortage, postage, package,
baggage, breakage, passage
Committal, approval, arrival,
-al Condition, quality
dismissal, proposal, denial, refusal
Performance, evidence, affluence,
sentence, coincidence, sequence,
existence, silence, experience,
-ance/-ence action, state, condition, or quality
romance, acceptance, attendance,
reference preference, insurance,
existence
-ant A person entrant, occupant
Action, section, disqualification,
characterization, declaration,
-ation/-tion the action or the resulting state celebration, information,
immigration, education,
elimination, combination
–ee A person committee, appointee,
seer, peer, auctioneer, volunteer,
engaged in something, associated
-eer engineer, profiteer, musketeer,
with something
auctioneer, racketeer, mountaineer,
Employer, waiter, writer, helper,
-er someone who performs an action teacher, preacher, dancer, farmer,
lawyer, jeweler, prisoner, villager
Sensor, distributor, accelerator,
–or A person or thing incinerator, actor, Dictator,
investigator, translator, conductor
a business or trade, a type or bakery, creamery, machinery,
-ery
place of work slavery, brewery
–ess Makes a feminine form Actress, lioness, waitress
parenthood, motherhood,
-hood Family terms, stage in life
childhood, fatherhood, adulthood
landing, writing, ending, seating,
-ing action, state, process
blessing, feeding
Action, laceration, celebration,
-ion A process, state or result
opinion, decision, revision
–ism A belief or condition Ageism, chrism, holism
Technologist, editorialist, psychiatrist,
-ist A person who practice cartoonist, columnist, bicyclist,
physicist, violinist, terrorist
-ity, -ty the state or condition of Responsibility, territoriality,
respectability, susceptibility, Ability,
amnesty, acidity, anxiety, probability,
equality, abnormality, civility,
equality, abnormality, probability,
stupidity, curiosity, mobility, reality,
tranquility, activity, honesty,
difficulty, safety, cruelty, subtlety,
loyalty, modesty, certainty
Disappointment, involvement,
discouragement, movement,
-ment the action or result of
retirement, abandonment,
establishment,
Benevolentness, felicitousness,
braveness, fondness, awareness,
-ness a state or quality kindness, darkness, happiness,
truthfulness, quietness, sleepiness,
usefulness
Internship, partnership, hardship,
-ship position held ownership, courtship, membership,
friendship
Compression, progression,
suppression, subdivision. depression,
-sion state or being confusion, tension, compulsion
division, revision, profession,
decision, impression
-th state or quality strength, labyrinth, depth, warmth
Commissure, Commixture, Conjecture,
-ure action or the resulting state nature, erasure, failure, pressure,
legislature, departure, enclosure
4. List of Suffixes (a to z) that makes Verb
Suffix Meaning Example
-ate To make Abate, blate, crate, fixate,
accommodate, activate, animate,
captivate, considerate, consolidate,
cooperate, decorate, allocate,
concentrate
-ed past-tense version of a verb Waited, wanted, needed, decided
Brighten, darken, harden, soften,
fasten, lengthen, strengthen, awaken,
-en become blacken, broaden, deafen, flatten,
gladden, tighten, shorten,
straighten, sweeten, thicken
Diversify, intensify, electrify, classify,
codify, clarify, crucify, defy, falsify,
-ify, -fy To make or produce intensify, modify, satisfy, simplify,
unify, exemplify, identify, justify,
notify, terrify
verb form/present participle of an Eating, cooking, starting, laughing,
-ing
action swimming, driving, writing
Aerosolize, alkalinize, automatize,
memorialize, authorize, commercialize,
advertise, specialize, authorize,
-ize, -ise to cause or to become
apologize, characterize, digitalize,
socialize, symbolize, stabilize,
familiarize, , colonize, civilize
Basic Suffix Spelling Rules
https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/grammar/spelling-and-word-lists/suffix-spelling-rules.html
Suffixes are added to the end of words to make new words. There are two types of suffixes:
vowel and consonant. Vowel suffixes include endings such as -ed, -er,-es, -end, and -ing.
Consonant suffixes include endings such as -s, -less, -ness, -ment, and -ly.
The following are the basic rules of using suffixes in the English language.
Rule 1: Double the Consonant
When a word ends in a short vowel sound and a single consonant, you double the last letter.
Examples of this rule are:
Fat + er = Fatter
Flip + ed = flipped
Mud + y = muddy
Shop + ed = shopped
Swim + ing = swimming
When a word has more than one syllable and ends with the letter "l" you will double the "l" when
adding the suffix. Examples include:
Cancel + ed = cancelled
Control + ed = controlled
Propel + er = propeller
Compel + ing = compelling
Fulfil + ment = fulfillment
Keep in mind that the doubling rule does not apply if the word ends in "w," "x" or "y."
Rule 2: Drop the Final E
When a word ends in a silent letter "e," drop that final "e" if the suffix you are using begins with
a vowel. Examples of this rule are:
Drive + ing = driving
Hope + ing = hoping
Make + er = maker
Adore + able = adorable
Use + er = user
Rule 3: Keep the Final E
When the word ends in the letters "ce" or "ge," you will keep the final "e" if the suffix begins
with the letters "a" or "o." Examples of this rule are:
Advantage + ous = advantageous
Change + able = changeable
Courage + ous = courageous
Service + able = serviceable
Notice + able = noticeable
You will also keep the final "e" in the following examples:
Like + able = likeable
Size + able = sizeable
Care + ful = careful
Use + ful = useful
Peace + ful = peaceful
Remember to keep the "e" if using the suffix -ly. For example:
Late + ly = lately
Rare + ly = rarely
Love + ly = lovely
Home + ly = homely
Definite + ly = definitely
Lastly, you will also keep the "e" at the end of the word if it ends in "ee" or "ye." Examples
include:
Agree + ing = agreeing
Decree + ing = decreeing
Eye + ing = eyeing
Foresee + ing = foreseeing
See + ing = seeing
Rule 4: Keep the Y
When the word ends with "y" and has a vowel before it you keep the "y." Examples of this rule
are:
Boy + s = boys
Enjoy + ed = enjoyed
Play + ing = playing
Buy + er = buyer
Joy + ful = joyful
Exceptions to this rule are:
Pay + ed = paid
Say + ed = said
Another time to keep the "y" is if the suffix starts with the letter "i." You cannot have two i's in a
row. Examples of this rule are:
Worry + ing = worrying
Copy + ing = copying
Carry + ing = carrying
Supply + ing = supplying
Marry + ing = marrying
Rule 5: Change the Y to an I
When the word has a consonant before the "y," you will change the "y" to a letter "i," then add
the suffix. Examples of this rule are:
Beauty + ful = beautiful
Baby + s = babies
Army + s = armies
Duty + ful = dutiful
Happy + ness = happiness
Keep in mind that there are exceptions to this rule, such as:
Dry + er = dryer
Baby + hood = babyhood
Lady + ship = ladyship
Rule 6: Changing IE to Y
When a word ends in "ie," change the ending to a "y" when you add the suffix -ing. Examples of
this rule are:
Die + ing = dying
Tie + ing = tying
Untie + ing = untying
Lie + ing = lying
Vie + ing = vying
