My Proposal Reaserch
My Proposal Reaserch
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all I would like to say thanks for my almighty Allah for his support in my life. I would like to
express my deepest gratitude to my advisor For his advise and insight full commitment in the
preparation of this proposal.
Finally my sincere gratitude goes to my families for their unlimited financial and moral support.
ABSTRACT
This paper has been addressed the factor that affecting the role of internal audit in Ethiopian
The purpose this paper was to examine the main obstacle of that became for the effectiveness
Haramaya district office electric power corporation to create awareness for the office of
The important point of this research was to understand when ,where ,how and why the internal
control of audit flow to different areas therefore, this topic has been necessary to identify
whether the internal control is properly apply and implemented in the concerned body
In order to collect all the available data the researcher was used only a secondary method of
data collection the collected data was processed and analyzed by using simple stastical tool like
table .Finally the internal audit should be examine proper control and adequate separation of
duties.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents page
Acknowledgment ………………………………………………………………………………1
Table of content ………………………………………………………………………….............2
List of table ……………………………………………………………………………………….2
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
1.1 Back ground the study…………………………………………………………...3
1.2 Statement of the problem -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
1.3 Research questions--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.4 Objective of the study-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.4.1 General objectives-----------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.4.2 Specific objectives-----------------------------------------------------------------------5
1.5 Significance of the study--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
1.6 Scope of the study---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
1.7 Limitation of the study----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
1.8 Organization of the study-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
CHAPTER TWO
2. Literature Review-------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
2.1 Definition and Conceptual Frame work----------------------------------------------------6
2.1.1 Internal Auditing Definition-------------------------------------------------6
2.1.2 Historical Development of internal Auditing-----------------------------7
2.2 Functional Role of Internal Auditing--------------------------------------------------------9
2.2.1 Internal Auditing Role in control-----------------------------------------
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2.2.2 Role of internal Auditing in Risk Management-------------------------
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2.2.3 Objective and Scope-------------------------------------------------------12
2.2.4 Independence and Objectivity-------------------------------------------12
2.2.5 Professional Proficiency------------------------------------------------13
2.3 Measuring the Internal Audit Function---------------------------------------------------13
2.4 Internal Auditing and External Auditing-------------------------------------------------14
2.5 Contemporary practice of internal auditing------------------------------------------14
2.6 Internal Audit Report------------------------------------------------------------------------15
CHAPTER THREE
3. Research Design and Methodology-----------------------------------------------------------17
3.1 Research Design-------------------------------------------------------------17
3.2 Method of sampling---------------------------------------------------------17
3.3 Data Analysis and Interpretation-------------------------------------------17
CHAPTER FOUR
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4.Cost and Time Plan--------------------------------------------------------------------------18
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Throughout the world auditing is performed in divers’ environment and taking increase
importance in the day global organization. Auditing is a systematic process of objectively
obtaining and evaluating evidences requiring assertion about economic action and events to
ascertain the degree of correspondence between those assertion and established criteria and
communicating the result to increased users. The objectives of auditing is to ascertain the degree
of correspondence between the assertions and establish d criteria and also auditors undertake to
gather evidences and provide high level of assurance that the financial statement follows
appropriate basis of Accounting. Auditing can be internal auditing or external auditing.
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1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Early large enterprise recognized that annual audit of financial statement by public
accountants were not sufficiency. A need existed for timely employee involvement beyond that
of Certified Public Accountants to ensure accurate timely financial record and to prevent fraud,
these organization internal auditors focused this effort of financial and accounting matter. The
internal auditing function a part of the monitory component of an organizations internal control.
The study will have been see how the role of internal audit unit in Ethiopia Electric Power
Corporation (EEPCO) in Haramaya district office, which is the sole providers of electric utility
in A Haramaya town. Some researcher in this work give emphasizes on the audit problem on the
organization one researchers conclude that due to the work of internal control and completely
nature of work audited problem are too much high and medium respectively. However in this
research differently the role of internal auditing in solve of organizational problem and it is
contribution for achieve of objective, internal auditors usually assist managements in ensuring
that there is a proper internal control system in place and the operation of the enterprise is
operated in effective and efficiency manner. It will be inadequate internal control can expose the
corporation to various identifiable risk such as waste of corporation a variable research fraud by
employees and lack of control over asset. By not having adequate internal auditing activity, the
corporation will loss substantial amount of resource and have difficult to achieve its intended
objectives. To this end, this paper will be making on attempt to assess the role being play by
internal audit in Ethiopia Electric Power Corporation (EEPCO) in Haramaya district office, in
achieving organizational objectives.
To achieve its objectives, the study will have the following research questions.
1. What role the internal audit division performs in Ethiopia Electric Power Corporation
(EEPCO) in Haramaya district office?
2. Does the internal auditor be independent, compliance with the rule, policy and procedure
set in the standard?
3. What factor does influence in playing their role?
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4. Does the internal audit unit have sufficient skilled staff.
The general objective of the research would be to identify the role of internal audit in public
enterprise to achieve this intended organizational objective.
To know the degree of independence of the internal auditor from task they reviewing.
To examine the role of internal audit work from the perspective of organizational
objective in Ethiopia Electric Power Corporation (EEPCO) in Haramaya district office.
To identify the scope, extent, timing of test make by internal auditors.
The scope of the study limit to emphasize only with the role of internal audit in public
enterprise, particularly in Ethiopia Electric Power Corporation (EEPCO) in Haramaya district
office, describe the role internal audit as an assistant to management. The finding of this study
become fruitful if conduct widely, however, due to time and financial constraints for gathering of
data and other relevant information to success this study. It also provides to out of th e research
of the research to incorporate most of public enterprise in the study.
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In doing the research the researcher were select 30 individuals as to participate in the study
because of lack of time to cover all the study area and lack of finance also were limit the
researcher from gaining full information. There was also the major problem that the researcher
were faced in conducting the study was the lack of willingness of some respondents to answer
the questions at the time of interview.
CHAPTER TWO
2.LITERATURE REVIEW
This part of the study reviews the role of internal auditing department, the need for independence
and the scope and objective of work performed by internal auditors. It also reviews. The
professional proficiency required from internal audit staff in order to carry out its responsibility.
As soon as the study considering the comprehensive. Documentation and audit report to make
clear the functional role played by the internal auditors and their audited activities to achieve the
small organization objective.
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Many authors defines internal auditing differently internal audit is the audit of a company affairs
and to the institute of chartered Accountant of India define internal auditing an independent
appraisal involving specialized application of the techniques of auditing in accordance with the
specific need of the company.
However in the standards for the professional practice, internal auditing. Internal auditing is
defined as an independent appraisal function established within an organization to examine and
evaluate its activities as a service to the organization in the organization in the effecting
discharge of responsibilities.
To this end internal auditing franking them with analysis, appraisal, recommend counsel and
information concerning the activity ravines.
The historical development of internal auditing is closely tied the advancement in internal
accounting and reporting mechanisms for better management decision making. This gave way to
the growth and development of management accounting. Traditionally the need for internal
auditing was based on internal need basis and mostly arising out at need to detect fraud
/irregularity and verify suspicion. To ascertain extent it is also true today through there are
attempts to make internal auditing more of formal modern management request. More recently
however especially since the 50s and 60s in particular with the development of management
theory and management controls (management accounting) the importance and scope of internal
auditing has been gaining momentum and not few literature is accumulating an its development
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now. Internal auditing this come to be either financial or non financial(operational) in nature per
or past audit partial or complete audit investigation or spot check .Whatever vitas scope of
activity it was a service to management on continuous bases and as such the scope and extent 0f
its functions was and its determined by management. The critical importance and relevance of
internal auditing to business as well as raise ether for the establishment of the institute of internal
auditing in the USA is visible from the following visionary remarks by two of the all members.
The recessing created internal auditing and is making it an integral part of modern business; no
large business can scope it. If they don’t have it now they will have to have it sooner (Arthur
E.Hald, 1994).
Although the roots of internal audit are in accountancy its key purpose lies in the area of
management control. It comprises a complete intra-company financial and operational review
(Robert B.witt, 1999).
Today many studies indicate that the attitude of management has a lot to do with delineating the
responsibility and authority of the internal auditor and the place in the organization hierarchy. In
all this it must be remembered that the internal auditor in an employee of the organization and as
such cannot rise above the organization sphere of influence. To understand better the nature of
the activities which currently exist, someone know something about changing, conditions in the
past which related needs for the acting. Historical evidences reseal that ancient kings and rich
Nobel man where. Appointed some of their used officials to exercise checks on the people
whom they put in charge of collecting safeguarding .revenue from thin states to report to they in
the event of any regulates. This activity can be said to have the nature of internal auditing in the
sense. Internal auditing did not emerge as recognized filed on professional practice until 1940s.
Originally demand for internal auditing arise when money early large corporation recognized
that annual audit of financial statement be certified public accountant were not sufficient (CPAs).
In 1941 the institute of internal auditing (IIA) was established with 25 members in New York
City .It become a patent force in the development of internal auditing profession. Gradually the
role of internal auditing expanded to in composes sectional polices and procuress .Companies in
the defense industry were among the first to demand such service (O, Ray writing ton and kurt
pany 2001).
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In today constrictive approach, alike any other involving function it reflects abroad
spectrum at operational activities and level of to add value. In many organizations internal
auditing as a formal staff activities. The overall situation, however, reflect major progress in
scope and level service in the individual areas. As a result senior management and the board
increased this reliance at the internal audit to improve the organizations control and governance
processes which are essential factor in the achievements of objective.
The role in internal auditing has increased dramatically in the past two decades primarily because
of the increased size and complexly of many corporations. The primary role of internal audit is to
provide assurance but, financial and non financial information and mechanism for control.
Internal auditors are powerful to help management by evaluating controlling system and point
out weaknesses with in internal control. It also review and appraises, soundness adequacy and
application of accounting, financial and other operating activities and recommending effective
control and ascertaining the extent of compliance with established price, low and procedures. In
order to does it in a professional and independent .Fashion internal audit unit should be kept
distinct from ether functional engaged in analyzing and reporting performance. The internal
auditors should participate in the de sign of the data processing system to ensure that the system
provides a proper audit trial and includes adequate internal auditor’s reviews all aspects of
system on attest basis, to determine that prescribed internal control are operation as planned.
Internal audit is assuring the management that the system of internal control is effective in design
and operation. Internal auditing a profession having in role, upholding basic standard of
excellence nod adhering to a code of ethics. Certification as a professional internal auditors
requires one to have been mastered the common body of knowledge judged as essential for
satisfactory over areas enable broad area (Kurt pany o.ray, 1997).
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The internal editing function includes verification, evaluation, and competence of reoperation.
Among anther the following are specifiable.
The internal auditor can perform the work through either functional approach operational
approach, or financial approach (Johannes Kinfu and Engida Bayou, 2009).
Internal auditing is a staff function therefore the auditor ideally is not in disposition of line
function. The position and place in the organization is determined by the scope of the function
performed and the extent of responsibility entrusted to internal auditor by management. It is
desirable that the she/he should be placed as high as possible in the organization structure if
she/he is truly to be of service to management without intimidation and be in position of several
once over all the organization activates. (Joh, 2009). The independence of the internal auditor
again depends on the place in the organization the extent of responsibility and authority regarded
for performing his/her function and the desire to enhance his/her competence and independence
in reporting to whom. Here it must be appreciated that the desire to have independence in the
internal auditing functions may not necessarily be attainable beas high as in the external auditing
function. The mater of qualification for the internal audiles is also dependent on the above
factors. Ofcource these factors are definitely much more clearly demarcated in a large
organization in small (Jon, 2009).
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A major part of the management process has to do with control. Control with in overall system of
internal control may be charities either administrative or accounting control administrative
controls. Relate primary to the internal control objectives of efficient operations and adherence to
managerial polices. Accounting controls, on the other hand, relate. Primarily to safe guarding at
assets and liability of financial information (David N.Rechive,1982).
Internal auditing is often described as control which functions by examining much of internal
auditing today and also provides a central around which to construct a vision of the professions
principal role in the future (G .Court menarche, 1985).
In internal auditor is committed to organizational services and management service. The internal
auditor is especially able to provide the board and management with instance in the control areas.
The internal auditors also possesses the capabilities or analysis and good business sense which
age necessary to appraise the effectiveness at control. The internal auditor additionally has the
distinct advantage of being able to approach the analyses problems through the basic financial
recorder. The concern with the control process on the part of internal audit is thus both at
immediate and long term interest. The auditor should respond to that interest by focusing his/her
effort on a great understanding at the control process and the means by which control can be
made most effective in every type of operational situation. In actual practices control are
developed and administrated in term of individual operational situations.
Internal auditors often participate in evaluating the adjutancy at control producers designed new
application development (Larry E and Brodley J, 1994).
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In practice internal audit role may include the following
The objective at internal auditor is to assist member if organizations in the effective disc arch of
their responsibilities by sharing them analysis appraisals recommendations, and council. The
audit objective includes promoting effective control of reasonable cost. The scope of internal
auditing encompasses the examination and evolution of the adequacy and effectiveness of the
organizations system of internal control land the quality of performance in carrying out assigned
responsibilities. The scope internal audit includes.
1. Apprising the economy and efficiency with which resources are employed.
2. Reviewing the means of safeguarding assets and as appropriate verifying the existence of
such asset.
3. Reviewing the reliability’s and inters of financial and operating information and the
meaning used to identity measure classify and report such international. (Whiytintion and
pany, 1998).
Independence internal auditor should be independent of the complete activates they audit.
Internal auditors are independent when they can carry out they work freely and objectives.
Independence permits internal auditor to rend the impartial and unbiased judgment essential in
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the proper conduct at audit. If achieve through organizational status and objectively the
organization status of the internal auditing department should sufficient to permit the
accomplishments of its audit responsibility. Objectivity also requires that internal auditor have an
independent mental attitude and honest belief in this work product. Internal auditors should have
on impartial, unbiased attitude and avoid conflict of interest, in complying with standards or
evolution individual objectivity auditors should. Maintain an independent metal attitude in
performing this audit work and audit work is revised before audit reports are issued in order to
provide objectivity(Whistingtonandpany1997}.
Internal auditors should be perform with proffering and due professional lager professional
proficiency is the responsibility of internal auditing department and each internal auditor. The
department should assigns so each audit those persons who collectively posses the necessary
knowledge, skill and disciplines to conduct the audit property.
Staffing:- The internal auditing department should provide assurance that the technical
proficiency and educational back ground of internal auditors are appropriate from the audit take
performer.
Knowledge skills and Disciplines:-The internal audit department and internal auditor should
possess or should obtain the knowledge, skills and disciplines needs to curly out its audit
responsibility proficiency in opposing the internal auditing standards in accounting principles
and technologies. An under standards of management principles and one appreciation is refused
of the functions of such subject, as accounting, fixation commercial, finance and quantitative
methods.
Continuing education:- Internal auditors should maintain their technical competence through
continuing education they should informed about improvements and current developments in
internal auditing standards procedure and techniques.
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Due Professional care:-Internal auditor internal auditor should exercise due professional in
performing internal audit. It calls for the application of the case and skill expected of a
reasonable provident and competent internal auditor in the same or limiter circumstance
(Whittington and pany, 1998).
Qualitative Measure:- based on the quality of counsel and information provided to the top
management and the audit committee where there is the audit committee. In addition to this,
feedback collected from survey questionnaire sent to key manager’s offer each audit project can
also help measure the quality of the service provided. The questionnaire is expected to cover
dimension of the professionalism, quality of counsel time lines or output quality of status
updates. (Jon, 2009).
Quantitative Measure:- are used to measure the function level of exaction. Key measure
include plan completion, report issuance issue closure, staff qualification staff utilization, rate
and staffing level (Joh , 2009).
There are similarities as well as differences between internal auditing and external auditing. The
similarities could be interims of scope and functions, tools and procedures. The differences
mainly in selection and employment, remuneration, qualification and independence. There an are
argument that propagate that is there is external auditing why is there a need for internal;
auditing or vice versa. However an in –depth understanding of the objectives and purpose of
internal and external auditing can show that they should be rather complementary and not
competitive. For it the internal auditing results of the operation of the organization can be the
external auditor and thus reduced the cost of extend audit fee. So it is also true vice –versa. But
the purpose of audit of the external and internal auditor is quite distinct and cannot be substitute
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for each other’s responsibility. In addition is must be remember that external auditioning a
stafcutory requirement, while internal audit is internal management governance and date (Ratl:ff
&Reding,2002).
The business environment has experienced rapid and revolutionary changes with far
reaching consequences. Management responses to force global computation have included
improved quality and risk management insertions, reengineered structures and processes and
greater accountably all requiting more family, reliable and relevant information for decision
making. In such climate it is no surprise that the internal audit function is viewed with the
requisite attribute to support the governance process. The new definition of internal auditing is
designed to accommodate the professions expanding role and responsibilities, internal auditing is
an independent objectives assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve
on organization operations. It helps on organization accomplish its objectives by bringing a
systematic disciplined approach to evaluate and improve effectiveness of risk management
control and governance process. To take advantage of the surge in demand for the service of
internal auditors, the internal auditors need to have reparative of skills, attribute and
competencies.
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The end produce of any audit work culminates in writing at an audit report, but unlike the
externally auditor’s report, the internal audit report is not standardized short –form in its content.
Consequently, the audit report of internal auditor requires a lot of imagination and creativity with
communication ability in its writing.
The written report is the medium by which the comments, criticisms and recommendations at an
internal audit department are conveyed to the board, functional director, and management in
general. Report must be written with very great care offer full consideration of the subject
matter. Internal audit report will cover a wide verify of subjects reflecting ad they do the many
and over increasing ramifications of internal audit department. Generally report can be divided in
to four main categories based on time report will be issued. First the report prepared by the
internal audit staff offer their vast to functional unit, second , periodical reports with
summarized the main audit sanding and recommendation for the period under construction , third
reports on the results at special investigation and inquires and fourth, annual audit report (Joh,
2009).
Format of reports:- The format to the audit report is important and well drafted report will
contribute in large to the optimization of its vesfulences. A wells structured and well executed
report is a deceptively simple looking document. To full understand what is on in an audit report
on must analyze the following various components.
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Introductory: - the purpose of introduction paragraph is to provide the reader to understand and
accept what is contained in the main body and the conclusion. it in included letter of transmittal,
report title, table of contents and back ground objective and scope.
Main body: - refers to audit report section where the finding are discussed and principle work is
performed.
Conclusion: - it refers to the auditor own all opinion of the area reviewed or judgment drown
from the specific findings in the main body. The name and designation of the persons signing the
report, together the data of issue should be types at the fact there of.
CHAPTER THREE
3. Research design and Methodology
The research would be used primary and secondary data. The secondary would be collected
from books, internets, organization manuals and other related materials to make a researcher
complete. The primary data would be collect using focus group discussion or interview because.
It provides quick in expensive and accurate means of assuring information of the population.
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The data would be collected from group discussion for internal auditors. Therefore, the sample
would be selected from the employees of the organization randomly select from the total
employees.
The researcher would be used to analysis the data by using tabulation and other relevant
documents of the internal auditor. It also interpreted using observation of the prospection role of
internal audit in Ethiopia Electric power corporation (EEPCO) in Haramaya district offices.
CHAPTER FOUR
2010/2018
1 Topic Selection x
2 Collection of useful material
x
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3 Data Collection x x
4 Preparation of proposal x
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Transportation 20 trips 10.00 200.00
Contingency - - 500.00
APPENDIX
HARAMAYA UNIVERSITY
Collage Continuing and Distance Program
Department of accounting and finance
Program of accounting
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This research interview is designed to gather information about the role of internal audit in
public enterprise particularly in EEPCo HARAMAYA district office for the purpose of assessing
the role of internal auditing.
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10. What factor does influence your role you’re as internal
auditor?------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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12. What are the activities that you are involved frequently?
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