Test 3 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 15 minutes) Part 1 For questions 1-8, ead the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) ‘Mark your answers on the separate answor sheet. Example: © A devised B invented thought constructed Imaginary friends in early childhood Many children have an imaginary friend ~ that Is @ friand they have (O) mu. «It was once ‘thought that only children who had dificult in (1)... teationships with others had imaginary ‘tiends. tn fact, having an imaginary friend is probably @ common (2)... of @ normal childhood ‘as many children with lots of res riends also have an imaginary fiend. The imaginary fiend may help some children (2)... with emotional difficulties, but for many, having an imaginary frien 's just fun, ‘Most children, it appears, realise that their imaginary friend is not real. f people (4) ‘about an imaginary friend, children often say, "You know, my frend isn’t real ~ | (5) vp! asking im “There is no firm evidence to say that having an imaginary friend (6)... us anything about what ‘a child will be lke in the future, One (7) nus OF research, though, has (8)... that adults who ‘once had Imaginary friends may be more creative than those who did not 2> > =e forming state handle koop creating Informs section displayed oo 0 ° gaining situation support maintain tells unit presented Reading and Use of English e000 0 ° ° producing point cope: stay cot advises plece notified $3Reading and Use of English Part 3 "For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some of the lines to form a word that isin the gap in the same line. There fs an example atthe beginning (0) (rte your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. example: [0] [pa] n]e[e|R] lu] s| ‘The transcontinental railway "Before 1869 the journey from the east coast to the west coast of | the United States took between four and six montis, traveling through aiicut anc (0) ‘country by wagon. With the west DANGER ccozst becoming increasingly wealthy, it was obvious that a better route was needed. In the 1860s (17) ....... began about building @ DISCUSS transcontinental railway tine linking the west wit the east, Although there was much (18). it was decided to build a line, It ran 9,069 kilometres in (19). rom Sacramento in the west to a point where it would join 20). 1. about the best route, eventually AGREEMENT LONG EXIST lines giving access to the east coast. ‘Once the line became operational in 1869, the joumey could be ‘completed In lees than a w0ek. In (21) sansw with the sx hours that a COMPARE (22). from New York to San Francisco takes nowadays, this may FLY rot seem particularly (28) ......, but building the transcontinental IMPRESS which helped to bring ACHIEVE rallway was a great technological (24) Unity to the country. 35Test 3 Part2 For questions 8-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fts each gap. Use only ‘one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example: [0] [8] E[E|N) Collecting stamps Ever since postage stamps were fst issued, people have (0)... collecting them. At (0). this was regarded as just @ hobby for children. Many people, though, continue collecting stamps throughout the whole of (10) nu. fives. Although stamp collecting i610 (11) usu 88 widespread as it once was, remains (12)... of the most popular hobbies, ‘The collections people make vary. Some want to obtain every stamp ever issued by a particular Country. Others, though, are more interested In the pictures on stamps and collect as (13) stamps as possible which have, for example, a picture of a bird or maybe of an aeroplane. tis (14)....... doubt very satisfying for @ collector to feel such a collection is complete. However, in many cases this never happens (15)... Rew stamps are being issued (16) the time. This may seem frustrating but it means that people can carry on collecting for as long a thelr interest lasts. 34Test 3 Part 4 For questions 25-80, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meening to the first ‘sentence, using the word given. Do net change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0), Example: 0A very friendly taxi criver drove us into town. DRIVEN We ooo aoe very friendly taxi diver ‘The gap can be filed by tne words were driven into town by’, so you write: Example: | 0 | WERE DRIVEN INTO TOWNBY ite only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 25. There was nobody with my brother when the accident happened. own, My brother... —— when the accident happened. 28 reac only the fist three chapters ofthe book because itwas so boring. GAVE vn th BOOK after the frst three chapters because it was so 27 | foundit dificult to get on with my work because itwas so het. MADE The heat -ssnun-me'to get on with my work 56Reading and Use of English 26 Sigmund accidentally left the door unlocked over the weekend. MEAN Sigmund... _. the door unlocked over the weekend. ‘29. MrBateman was wrong to say that John had lost my keys. ‘SHOULD Mr Bateman... su that John ha lost my keys. 30 The opening of the new restaurant has been postponed fortwo weeks. BE te _~the new restaurant opens. STTest 3 Part 5 ‘You are going to read an article about a race between two famous brothers. For questions 81-26, choose the answer (A, B, © or B) which you think fits best according to the text ‘Merk your answers on the separate answer sheet, An unusual race ‘To raise money for charity, a newspaper and TV company challenged brothers Jonny and ‘Allstair Brownlee, champion tathletes, 10 fake part ina unigue race that would set man against ea, and brother against brother. In the wild and mountainous Yorkshiee Dales of horthern England, Jonny and younger brotner Allstar would race to the same point, Jonny {na car on roads, Alstair across Country on a sountain bike. “tm looking forward to i? Jonny said, 28 the brothers took thelr places on the start Tine ‘ve never done anything ike this before: it exclting! These roads have beautiful views i lea We very old at the moment, 30 Ti be able to sit in the ear and stay nice and ‘warm Alistair was similarly eager ~ though In contrast to Jonny’s jeans and sweatshirt, hhe was decked out in fl winter cyeling gear [Rot that the cold was deating his confidence. "To be honest’ he sai, Tve seen his driving before, ae fm not sure he's even going to make ‘Rel might just stop fora eup of tea away up” ‘Therace started atthebeautul Semervater lake in Wensleydale and was to finish at Yorkshire's highest road, Fleet Moss, some 350 metres up. No problem for the ar, perhaps ut with Alisteire frst couple ot miles involving 2 2 per cent Incline, the younger Browalee brother hd his work cut out from the start. Barely time for a quick handshake fad they were off As Allstar sprinted away on his bike, heading fora track going stralght up the hill and then across country to Fleet Moss, Jonny juinped in the car and Was soon on the Toad. The next ume the brothers would see ‘each other would be at the finish line. Sonny's early confidence took an immediate blow. Barely 18 seconds into the drive and he faced his fist obstacle. Lumbering out of A field and into the road was & glant tractor 58 ‘Welcome to Yorkshire” he complained tothe cameraman the back of his eat. Alistair beats me, I all down to this farmer” Tense moments later, the tractor safely dealt with, ‘ony was back in eontro ‘Asta, meansehile, was struggling with the slope, Barely a couple of miles in and, a8 his brother relaxed, he was forced to dismount fnd carry his bike up the hil past walls and fover fences. Bemused sheep gazed, as the Olympic champion kept up a steady pace, ft the bizarre sight of a man in a fled with 2 bike on his shoulders, And then, Hnally, the ‘Summit as reached, Over the other side was ‘open ground, and withthe sun coming out and the land spread before him, a chance to show ‘what he was made of Head down, fet on the Deda, Alistair was pleking up speed. In the car his brother faced another local ‘obstacle, The villages in ths part of Yorkshire have stood since well belore the Invention of the ear-and the roads that link them were not feracly made for speed, Jonny attempted to hnegotlate another absurdly nartow cornet. The ‘car slowed to aera, then passed through & ‘stream that had formed on the road. Clear of the last village, the car was on a stright race to the finishing line. Nether Brother knew how close the other was. As donny roared the engine and sped through the Final straight to Fleet Moss, Asta was fying ‘across his lat field andl ack gato the road hhimseltapproaching the finish from the other se Head dow, Jegs pumping...and then Squeal of brakes as he reached the line, And then, Snail, Alistalr looked up. ls he here?” he asked the wating crowd. No? Realy” The hhead went back, the arms up. "Yes!" Minutes later, the cat pulled up and Jonny stepped out. ‘Well done, Jonny sald with dlsappoiniment. "Tmgutted” tineReading and Use of English ‘91, The writer explains that before the race the brothers were alike in ‘A. sing dressed for dificult conditions. B_ having plenty of enthusiasm frit. © fealing anxious about the weather. D_ believing in their own ability to win 92. What is suggested about the start ofthe race? ‘A The brothers appeared very uncertain of the route. BAllstair’s training had been insufficient. © Jonny had a noticeable advantage. The brothers tried to avoid eye contact with each other. 38 What is suggested about Alistair in the fith paragraph? He objected to the situation he found himsetf in. He was relieved the hill was easier than expacted. He welcomed an opportunity to prove his ability He was aistracted by the behaviour of some animals. voa> ‘34 What does 'Berused? mean in line 617 ‘A annoyed B puzzled © distressed D disappointed 85. Inthe sixth paragraph, what do we learn about Jonny's progress? He had to briefly break the speed limit. He almost drove into some water. He had to get the car through a tight space. He nearly fost contro! of the car. com> ‘86 How dic Alistair react when he reached the end of the race? ‘A. He worriad his brother had got lost. He celebrated by jumping of his bike. ‘He congratulated his brother on his performance. ° D__ He was uncertain who the winner was. 58Test 3 Part 6 You are going to read an article about a dam removal projact. Six sentences have been removed ‘rom the aticle. Choose from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (87-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use, ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Removing a dam to restore a river Joumalist Richard Lovett is taken to see how a river has come to life again after a dam has ‘been removed. Just outsde the small town of Stabler in Washington, hhydrologlt Bengt Coffin surveys a mountain river he helped to revive Today, the clear waters of Trout Creek run fast between banks covered in young alder trees. But just five years ago, an elghtametre- high concrete wall locked the river atthe site. “This dam and the reservoir behind It had changed the river completely and made it dificult for fish such as the endangered steelhead trout to return towhere they were bor in order to breed. For one thing, the reservoir was fll of sediment ~ mud, sand and gravel It was Coffin who led the US Forest Service ellrt to remove the dam. “Tiss all part of a growing trend in the United States, An increasing number of dams ere being removed, or financial and environmental reasons. Some schemes take a slow path restoring Fiver flow over months or years. Others tte explosives and other engineering techniques o drain reservoirs within hours, ‘A Trou Creek Cala and his colleagues decided {ake the cautious route when removing the ageing Hemlock Dam. ‘The dam had been eslgned to include what Te called a sh ladder, “which allows fsh and other atmals to bypass the dam and swim upstream, butt was poorly bull by tmodera standards an the oumber of sh using It Ino steal dectned, 60 [Ablgger concern was the reserve which had been steadity filling in with sediment. Cotta holds 2 hand above his knee to mae te point. In the mildsummer sun, temperatures in the water could reach 26; Too warm for steclhead’ he say Coffe and others word tat flooding the river with a tha sediment woud Harm the stethend further downstream. The soliton wasto Giver the river intoabigpipeand then hires eet un trucks to carry away all the sediment. ‘They then reorced ts banks wi og to Hop them fom eroding. Al those efforts seem to have worked, Just seven hours after water was allowed to low back, Colin's team could clearly see the st steelhead venturing into the new channel upstream from the old dam site, But there is another sign of success which Colin is keen to reveal "The rounded stones ont range rom thesize of potatoes to loaves ‘of bread, and make walking difficult. But Coffin is thrilled to seethem because they arenewiy arrived, having jst been washed in by the current ‘The stones in the river provide nesting spots for the steelhead and a habitat for the Insects that ‘they eat. [42°] Toilustrate tis, he turns ‘over a couple of rocks and points out sx types of insect clinging tothe underside, Including caddsty larvae and a stone. "The year after the dam was removed, these woulds"t have been here, he adds with satistacton‘A The water there had become so shallow ‘that twas possible for people to wade al the way across BPeoplepay atention tothe big ish, Coffin says.'Yes, they're an important part ofthe system, but they're not the only things.” © One result of these projects has been an unanticipated research apportunity to study how to minimize the damage caueed by releasing huge Hoods of water and ‘decades of sediment. Reading and Use of English However, the reservoir lost its water and much of it mud, sand and gravel in three hours. CColfi teas me through patehes of alder ‘uees that were planted alter the dam was ‘removed, then crosses a rocky beach by the river, In the process of doing this, the workers rediscovered the rivers original channel along the reservoir bottom. ‘Built back n 1986, the structure provided power and Irrigation for a nearby tree ‘nursery that shut down in 1987Test 3 Part 7 ‘You are going to read an article in which four people talk about giving up successful careers to do something very diferent. For questions 43-82, choose from the people (A-D]. The people may b= chosen more than once. ‘Mare your answers on the separate answer sheet. Which person {is not alvaye confident that they have done the right thing? is pleased to have proved doubters wrong? says they found success more easy in tai fst career than in their second? | 45 | regrets not having changed careers sooner? 46 ‘fers to a time when they needed to gain confidence? mentions a sense of amazement when looking back atthe past? admits that they changed career too suddeniy? oseribes an urge to return toa chitdhood interest? ‘says that skis developed in ther fist career proved useful? mentions feeling envious at one point?I started doing magic tricks for family and friends when I was about seven, and by sixteen I was performing at big public events, | was also good academically, and studied law at university. Ten years alter ry degree, I was a busy lawyer with no time: for magie, although I missed it. Then, out ‘of the blue, a couple of old frien asked if Te let them use some of my old material in 2 touring magie show they were setting up. agreed but it bothered me that they were doing something Id always loved, while | ‘was in a Job Thad very tie passion for. So, Joined them. Iwas very rusty intially, and Thad to practise for several months before [felt able to perform in public, but I'm nove fone of the main acts. Funnily enough, Its Deen far tougher to make it as a magician than as a lawyer, but I've realised that this is, ‘what makes me feel alive. Kristina used to work for a bank and made enough from that to be in a position to buy my own apartment when | was 22. Alter afew years, however, dissatisfaction set in. T was just siting at a computer, manipulating figures, ‘and longed to get out Into the fresh alt land move around. ‘Then, one weekend, some friends talked me into going suring ‘with them, Surprisingly, It appealed to me 80 much that | ended up spending my ays surfing and doing restaurant work in the evenings, fm now taking part in ‘competitions and | promote surl gear as a professional surfer, At times T can hardly aflord to pay the rent, and 1 sometimes ‘wonder whether leaving the bank was such 8 good idea, but then I remember I'm doing ‘my favourite thing in the word Reading and Use of English I gave up my career for something very different Car Five years ago 1 was an accountant, well pail but feeling unfulfilled in my life. Then, Imy cousin asked if'd help out ats burger restaurant one weekend when he was short of stafl. Pd always tlked burgers ever since Twas small, but | was surprised at how much T enjoyed making them. Two. weeks Tater T quit my job, hired a van and some equipment, and started selling burgers at street markets. It would've been better to have taken more time doing some proper background research, but “what 1 knew about accounting came in handy, and my enthusiasm made up for my inexperience. ve now acquired a second van and taken on a couple of assistants, so the business is ‘growing. It’s incredible to think how much my life has changed, Iwas a very creative child, but Iwas taught tat success lay In other directions. So | worked hard and ended up as. human resources “manager of an International ‘company. It was well-paid but I dreamed of starting my own business. So during one holiday last year, I decided to experiment and made cakes for a couple of wedding receptions. ‘They tured out to be very popular and, within a month, (d resigned Irom my job and was making cakes Tull ‘ime. Pushing myself hard to do wel is in ‘my nature, 50 1 still work a lot, but | feel more in control of things now. People used to say that having my own business was an unrealistic dream, s0 demonstrating Tcould achieve it has been very satistying. I's Just a pity I didnt do several years ago. 63Test 3 WRITING (1 hour 20 minutes) Part 1 ‘You must answer this question. Write your answer in 140-190 words in an appropriate style on the separate answer shoot. 4 1 Inyour English class you have been talking about advertising. Now, your English teacher has q asked you to write an essay. \Write your essay using all the notes and giving reasons for your point of view.Writing Part 2 fan appropriate style on the separate answer sheet. Put the question number in the box at the p of the answer sheet. ‘Articles wanted Changes! Some people love changes, others dislike them. What about you? ‘Which changes in your life have had a big effect on you? ‘The best articles will be printed next month, ‘Write your article. ‘his is an email you have received from your English-speaking friend, Marcus: \Write your email. ‘You have seen this notice on a travel website: Reviews wanted Guidebooks for tourists We're looking for reviews of a good guidebook to your city or country. ‘In your review you should include information about: '* the contents of the book ‘+ what makes the book useful and interesting ‘+ why it better than similar guidebooks, rte your review. 65Test 3 LISTENING (approximately 40 minutes) Part 1 ‘You will hear people talking in eight citferent situations, For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or ©). 1. Youhear a young wernan who isan apprentice cook talking about her apprenticeship. How does she feal about it? A. grateful to be working ina fourstar restaurant B pleased that her teacher told her about the opportunity © confident about fuling her ambitions 2 Youheartwo students taking about passing the time on bus journeys. What technique for passing the time do they both sometimes use? {A listening to music B. observing the world outside © concentrating on what's happening inside 3 Youheara cycle coach teling his group about the ride they are going todo. \What instruction does the coach give? A. Don't go too fast onthe return route, B Stick together on the main road. © Dor'ttake the fist sign tothe destination. 4 Youhearpart ofan interview in which a writer talks about autobiographies, ‘What does the writer say about them? [A He prefers working on books about people he knows. B He is unlikely to write one himsett © Ho thinks the more popular ones are very boring.Listening ‘You hear a journalist teling @ colleague about her time at university. How did she first get interested in journalism? [A by doing research online B_by accepting a chance request © by reading a particulary interesting article You hear a man anda woman talking about a new clothes shop they have visited. ‘What does the man say about having a member of staf to welcome customers? A It seems likea worthwhile idea. B Other people might appreciate it ‘© Worse things happen in other shops. You overheat a woman talking onthe phone to a frend, ‘What isthe woman talking about? A. anidea for small short-term business the various career options open to her © herrolein a forthcoming expedition ‘You hear part ofa broadcast on te radio, What type of broadcast sit? A a programme advertisernent B avildlite documentary © anows summaryTest 3 Part 2 You will hear a woman called Paula Kanning, who works as a fim advisor in local governmer talking about her work. For questions 8-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. Im Advisor Paula's job tte when she started working inthe fim department was (9). Pavia was frst attracted tothe job by the (10)... con offer. “The most popular place for filmmakers in Paula's area isa (14)... «that she proposed the site fo: Paula mentions a well-known advertisement for (12) Paula mentions that in her fst year she sometimes needed to persuade (19). Paulas particularly proud ofthe (14) she bull up during her first Paula's current job involves managing a project with the name (18). _ for tourists the mast cffeult part of her current job, Paule finds creating (16) Paula believes it is necessary to protect the (17) vsnusnee Of lcal residents Paula's department has recently set up what she calls & (18) xan 68Listening Part 3 ‘You wll hear five short extracts in which people tak about why they did not goto university directly after leaving school. For questions 19-28, choose wich of the reasons (A-H) each speaker gives. = Use the lettars only once. There are three extra letters which you do not need fo use. ‘awish to see new places ‘a misunderstanding about applying Speaker 1 a desire to have a break from studying Speaker 2 ‘wich to stay near to home ‘decision to prortise family commitments Speakers a desire to start career immediately Speaker 4 «8 feeling of not being mature enough 7 ad Speaker 5 ‘an inability to find a suitable course: 69Test 3 Part 4 ‘You will hear a radio interview with @ woman called Susan Fletcher, who works on a research station in Antarctica. For questions 24-90, choose the best answer (A, B or C), 24 How does Susan feel before each trp to Antarctica? ‘A. anxious because she'll miss people she cares about B concerned about dealing with whet ies chead © relieved to be leaving problems behind 25 Susan says that what's most stressful for her at the moment is ‘A. not being able to predict everything you may need. not having enough time to prepare propery. © not knowing exactly where she's going. 26 What does Susan admire about her colleagues? AA their scientific skits B theirlack of stfishress © their success as researchers 27 Susan says the entertainment that's organised at he research station A. serves a uselul purpose, B allows people to show off their talents © disturbs people's regular schedules. 28 Onthe research station, Susan sometimes has cifcuty ‘A. gotting enough time alone. Beating the same food all the time. © having a comfortabe night's sleep. 70Listening B being abieto live so fer from populated areas the fact that such a unique place is so femilar to her ‘A. make sure they have skils that are not purely academic. 8. dovolop a high level of competence in their particular subject. think carefully about whether they're well-suited to the ifestyle. n