International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 13, Issue 3, March 2023 60

ISSN 2250-3153

Effectiveness of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from

Banana Peel on the Growth of Pepper Plants (Capsicum
annuum)
Yulianty1*, Sri Wahyuningsih1, Bambang Irawan1, Jensa Yuswantoro1, Mizan Sahroni2

1Departement of Biologi, Universitas Lampung, Jl. Prof. Dr. Ir. Sumantri Brojonegoro No.1, Gedong Meneng, Rajabasa Subdistrict, Bandar
Lampung City, Lampung Province 35141
2Departement of Medical Laboratory Technologist, Universitas Muhammadiyah Pringsewu, Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan No.112, Pringsewu Utara,

Pringsewu Subdistrict, Pringsewu Regency, Lampung Province 35373

DOI: 10.29322/IJSRP.13.03.2023.p13507
http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.13.03.2023.p13507

Paper Received Date: 15th January 2023

Paper Acceptance Date: 27th February 2023
Paper Publication Date: 6th March 2023

Abstract- The use of organic fertilizers as an alternative to plants which experienced an increase in vegetative character and
chemical fertilizers is one way to reduce the use of chemical productivity after being treated with chemical fertilizers (Ecvheri
fertilizers which have negative effects when used for a long time. and Yilmaz, 2018). The use of chemical fertilizers can increase the
This study aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer productivity of agricultural crops, but long-term use has a negative
on the growth of pepper plants. This study used a completely impact. The use of chemical fertilizers for a long time can cause
randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 6 treatments with 4 environmental pollution, interfere with human health, and reduce
replications, namely control P0 (0 ml), P1 (100 ml), P2 (200 ml), soil quality (Trujillo-Tapia and Ramirez-Fuentes, 2016; Rai and
P3 (300 ml), P4 (400 ml), P5 (500 ml). The variables observed in Shukla, 2020; Kumar et al. 2022). The use of chemical fertilizers
this study were plant height, number of leaves, dry weight, and for a long time can affect microbes that play a role in the process
fresh weight. The results of the study showed that the application of bioremediation of organic elements, increasing soil pH which
of liquid organic fertilizer from banana peels affected plant height, interferes with plant growth (Mkonda and He, 2017).
number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of pepper plant. P5 The use of organic fertilizers is an alternative that can be
treatment (500 ml) is the best concentration for increasing the used as a substitute for chemical fertilizers. The use of organic
growth of pepper plants. fertilizers in agriculture can reduce the amount of use of chemical
fertilizers. Organic fertilizers not only contain the nutrients needed
Index Terms- Banana peel, Liquid organic fertilizer, Pepper by plants but also contain microorganisms that help fertilize the
plants, Fermentation. soil (Ajmal et al. 2018). The use of organic fertilizers can increase
the absorption of nutrients by plants, increase plant growth and
productivity and increase the level of plant resistance to
I. INTRODUCTION environmental stress and pathogens (Daniel et al. 2022).
Biofertilizers can be made from natural ingredients such as unused
H uman population increases continue to occur every year,
according to data from the United Nations Department of
Economic and Social Affairs (2022) in 2022 the world's
fruit and vegetable scraps. The purpose of this study was to
determine the effectiveness of liquid organic fertilizer from
population is estimated to reach 8 billion people. An increase in fermented banana skin waste on the growth of pepper plants.
the human population will be followed by an increase in human
needs such as shelter and food. The increase in food demand as a
result of an increase in population has led to demands to increase II. METHODS
the productivity of the agricultural sector. Various methods are This research was conducted at the Botanical Laboratory,
used to increase agricultural productivity, one of which is using Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
chemicals as fertilizers or pest control (Kumar et al. 2022). Sciences, and Integrated Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture,
The use of chemical fertilizers can increase crop University of Lampung. In this study, a completely randomized
productivity, according to Yousaf et al. (2017) the application of design (CRD) was used with 6 treatments (ie P0 = (control), P1 =
NPK, NP, NK, and PK chemical fertilizers increased the 100 ml; P2 = 200 ml; P3 = 300 ml; P4 = 400 ml; P5 = 500 ml.)
productivity of rice (19% -41%) and repeseed (615-67%). The repeated as many times as 4 times.
results of research by Lin et al. (2022) also showed an increase in
the productivity of soybean and corn plants after the application of Manufacture of Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Planting Media
chemical fertilizers. Similar results were also found in cotton Preparation

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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 13, Issue 3, March 2023 61
ISSN 2250-3153

10 kg of banana peels were cut into small pieces and treatments. The results in table 1 also show a positive correlation
blended until smooth then put in a plastic drum, added 10 liters of between plant height and the increase in the concentration of liquid
coconut water and 1 kg of brown sugar and stirred, covered with fertilizer used, pepper plants that were given liquid fertilizer with
plastic and punched with a hose connected to a water bottle to higher concentrations produced better plant height than the control
protect pressure. waiting for 30 days for the fermentation process. treatment and treatments with lower fertilizer concentrations.
Making the planting medium is done by mixing the soil and
manure with a ratio (2:1), then sieved to obtain a medium with a Number of Leaf
loose structure. The media is then sterilized using hot steam by
placing the soil in a drum filled with water below, then steaming Table 2. Number of leaf of Pepper Plant
for 3-4 hours, after which the soil is allowed to cool and put in a 3
kg polybag. Number of Leaf (cm)
Treatments
Week 2 Week 4 Week 6
Pepper Planting and Treatment P0 (0 ml) 5.5 ± 7.25 ± 8.2500 ±1.258 c

The pepper seeds are soaked in water for 1 hour, the seeds 0.577a 1.258a
that have been soaked are then sown in trays filled with soil and P1 (100 ml) 8.5 ± 10 ± 3.367ab 11.5000±2.646bc
manure until they are 21 days old until 3-4 leaves appear. Transfer 1.291 bc

of seeds to polybags is done carefully by removing the seeds and P2 (200 ml) 8.5 ± 12.25 ± 16.2500±4.272a
soil. 1.732bc 3.096b
Plants that have been transferred to polybags are then given liquid P3 (300 ml) 8.25 ±1.5 b 9.75 ± 12.7500±1.893ab
organic fertilizer treatment with different volumes for each 1.708ab
treatment. The doses given were 0 ml (control), 100 ml (P1), 200 P4 (400 ml) 9.5 ± 11 ± 2.582ab 10.7500±3.202bc
ml (P2), 300 ml (P3), 400 ml (P4), and 500 ml (P5). Giving liquid 1.291 bc

organic fertilizer is done 1x a week for 1 month. P5 (500 ml) 10.75 ± 13.5 ± 11.0000±1.414bc
2.217c 3.416b
Data Collection and Analysis
The phenotypic characters measured were dry weight, fresh Numbers followed by the same letters are not significantly
weight, number of leaves, and plant height. Measurement of plant different on the Duncan test α <5%
height and the number of leaves were measured at weeks 2, 4, and The character of the number of plant leaves resulting from
6 while the dry weight and fresh weight of pepper plants were the application of liquid fertilizer showed significant differences
measured at week 6. The phenotypic data obtained were then at the level of α <5%. The results of the highest number of leaves
analyzed using ANOVA at the α level of 5% and the Least were obtained in the P5 treatment (500 ml) compared to the control
Significant Difference Test at α level of 5% using the SPSS ver 26 treatment and other concentrations. The number of leaves of the
application. control pepper plants without the application of liquid organic
fertilizer obtained the smallest results compared to the pepper
plants which were given liquid organic fertilizer, the concentration
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION of liquid organic fertilizer used also showed a positive correlation
Plant Height with the number of red pepper plant leaves observed.
Table 1. Height of Pepper Plant
Fresh Weight and Dry Weight
Plant Height (cm)
Treatments Tabel 3. Fresh weight and dry weight of pepper plant
Week 2 Week 4 Week 6
P0(0 ml) 6 ± 0.91a 10.25 ± 1.32a 16.2 ± 1.03a
P1 (100 ml) 11.87 ± 3.63b 17.5 ± 6.6ab 22.4 ± 8.57ab Treatments Fresh Weight (gr) Dry Weight (gr)
P2 (200 ml) 14.5 ± 3.78bc 21.25 ± 5.69b 28.77 ± 8.28b P0 (0 ml) 1.47 ± 0.33a 0.17 ± 0.05a
P3 (300 ml) 13.37 ± 2.56b 17.25 ± 2.21ab 24.37 ± P1 (100 ml) 3.57 ± 2.2ab 0.37 ± 0.24ab
3.27ab P2 (200 ml) 6.32 ± 2.77b 0.29 ± 0.22ab
P4 (400 ml) 17.12 ± 22.5 ± 3.58b 25.5 ± 4.41ab P3 (300 ml) 3.35 ± 0.79ab 0.45 ± 0.11ab
2.59 bc P4 (400 ml) 3.39 ± 2.24ab 0.47 ± 0.34ab
P5 (500 ml) 19 ± 4.88c 24 ± 8.43b 27.55 ± 6.88b P5 (500 ml) 4.95 ± 2.46b 0.56 ± 0.25b
Numbers followed by the same letters are not significantly
different on the Duncan test α <5% Numbers followed by the same letters are not significantly
different on the Duncan test α <5%
The application of liquid organic fertilizer has a significant The highest dry weight of pepper plants resulting from
effect on α <5% on plant height characters. Liquid organic liquid organic fertilizer treatment was found in treatment P5 (500
fertilizer treatment was able to produce better plant height than the ml), the results were significantly different at the 5% level
control treatment. of the five concentrations of liquid fertilizer compared to the control treatment P0. The other liquid organic
treatment given, the P5 treatment (500 ml) produced the best plant fertilizer concentration treatments showed an increasing trend
height compared to the control treatment and other concentration compared to the control treatment even though it was not
statistically significant.
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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 13, Issue 3, March 2023 62
ISSN 2250-3153

Discussion
In this study, the application of organic liquid fertilizer
significantly increased the vegetative character of pepper plants, IV. CONCLUSION
this result is in line with the results of Nhu et al. (2018) which Treatment of liquid organic fertilizer from fermented
showed that organic fertilizers derived from fruit waste were able banana skin waste can increase the growth of pepper plants
to increase the growth of I. aquatica, B. integrifolia and B. rapa compared to controls. Increasing the dose of liquid organic
chinensis plants. The same results were also shown for Caesalpinia fertilizer showed a positive correlation to the increase in the
pulcherrima plants which produced better growth than control vegetative character of pepper plants.
plants without applying liquid organic fertilizer (Suliasih and S
Widawati, 2018). In this study the fermentation process was
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