Nutrition and Health – HFA4U
Grade 12 – University Prep.
FINAL EXAM
TIME Allowed: 3 hours – 30%
Date: Winter, 2023
Teacher: Mr. Arash
Inception High School
Student Name: -------------------------------------
K T C A
45 33 20 20
Mark = /118 = %
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
PART (I) – M/C Questions – KNOWLEDGE [K45]
1- Select the statement that is INCORRECT: [K1 marks]
a. Approximately 1.8 million Canadian households suffer from some form of Food
Insecurity
b. FOOD is NOT considered a basic physiological need based on the Maslow’s
Hierarchy of needs
c. Food allergy and food poisoning symptoms can overlap
d. It is a GOOD IDEA to lower our portion size during the day when we eat
2- Select the statement that is NOT INCORRECT: [K1 marks]
a. Vitamin D boosts our immune system and is a fat soluble vitamin and its
deficiency is associated with the disease Rickets
b. Vitamin D reduces the risk of diabetes and bolsters our mental status and mood
c. Vitamin D helps to augment Ca2+ absorption from the GI tract into blood and
facilitates phosphate reabsorption from the kidneys into blood and helps move
Ca2+ and phosphate groups from blood into the bone
d. All the above
3- Which organ is NOT considered an accessory organ? [K1 marks]
a. Gallbladder
b. Liver
c. Pancreas
d. Pharynx
4- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. There are two types of Thyroid hormone called PTH and Calcitonin
b. Calcitonin regulates metabolism
c. In Rickets, the bones suffer from LOW calcium levels and become soft
d. Pellagra is a disease of vitamin C deficiency (aka niacin)
5- Select the statement that is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Glucose is a disaccharide
b. D-glucose can be digested by our enzymes
c. L-glucose is an isomer of D-glucose
d. Glucose is NOT an oligosaccharide
6- Which statement regarding the GI system is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. HCl acts as an acid in the stomach and stimulates formation of pepsinogen from
pepsin
b. Sever emesis leads to metabolic alkalosis
c. Sever diarrhea may lead to metabolic acidosis
d. Smooth muscle cells act involuntarily
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
7- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Fructose contains a ketone group
b. Glycogen is a polysaccharide
c. Fructose is an aldose
d. Aldoses tend to be reducing sugars
8- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Goiter can be caused by hypothyroidism
b. Glycogen is a polysaccharide and is branched
c. Fructose is a ketose and can be converted into Glucose
d. Goiter can be caused by hypothyroidism ONLY
9- Which statement regarding the large intestine is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. The function of the enteric nervous system is to regulate BOTH gut motility and
release of digestive enzymes, and hormones
b. Proteins are NOT broken down chemically in the mouth
c. Pre-biotics are foods that act as food for human microflora
d. Pro-biotics are foods that act as food for human microflora
10- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Fibre is a complex carbohydrate
b. Maltose is a monosaccharide
c. Sucrose is made out of one glucose and one galactose
d. Both a and b
11- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Fibre mitigates the risk of colon cancer via augmenting bowel movement
b. Dermatitis is a symptom of pellagra
c. Fibre mitigates the risk of colon cancer via killing the cancer cells
d. T3 and T4 hormones tend to TURN THINGS UP in our body such as blood pressure,
metabolic rate, temperature, and heart rate
12- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Ribose is a pentose sugar
b. Deoxyribose contains a hydrogen at C2 position of its pentose
c. Sucrose is made out of one glucose and one fructose
d. All of the above
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
13- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Phosphate groups and the apoproteins of chylomicrons are what make
lipoproteins partially polar
b. Breaking proteins with chymotrypsin is considered a chemical digestion
c. Bilirubin is considered a waste in erythrocyte cell cycle but it can be recycled in
liver to be used as a component of hemoglobin
d. Erythrocytes are usually viable for around 120 days
14- Select the statement that is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. D- and L-isomer configuration of our macromolecules is VERY important because
our digestive enzymes are stereo-selective
b. Only D-amino acids can be metabolized by our enzymes
c. D-glucose and D-galactose are considered epimers to one another
d. In the alpha-glucose molecule, the -OH group is located BELOW the boat
structure of the glucose molecule at the anomeric carbon position
15- Select the statement that is NOT INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Parietal cells of the stomach are responsible for secretion of HCl ALL the time
b. Parietal cells of the stomach are responsible for secretion of HCl when food
enters stomach
c. Chief cells of the stomach are responsible for secretion of HCl ALL the time
d. Chief cells of the stomach are responsible for secretion of HCl when food enters
stomach
16- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. One glycogen molecule has a van’t Hoff factor of one
b. The bonds of the BRANCHES of glycogen are NOT the same in nature as the bonds
of the main strands of glycogen
c. Amylose and amylopectin are two types of STARCH but the former is NOT
branched and the latter is
d. All of the above
17- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. There are two types of fibres: soluble and insoluble
b. Insoluble types of fibres tend to augment bowel movement and soften the stool
c. Soluble types of fibre tend to lower LDL
d. Fibre does NOT affect the risk of cancer
18- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Marasmus is NOT usually associated with abdominal ascites
b. Beriberi is a deficiency of vitamin D
c. Dry beriberi is associated with heart disease
d. Wet beriberi is associated with malfunction of the central nervous system
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
19- Select the statement that is NOT INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Low glycemic index carbohydrates increase blood glucose levels fast
b. Low glycemic index carbohydrates exacerbate the risk of polycystic ovarian
syndrome
c. White bread has VERY high glycemic index
d. Lignin is a soluble type of fibre
20- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Yellow bone marrow is filled with IRON not fat
b. Red meat is a good but relatively unhealthy source of iron
c. Spinach is a good and healthy source of iron
d. Both b and c
21- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Bile is stored in gallbladder and helps with physical breakdown of fats and lipids
b. Bile is stored in gallbladder and helps with chemical breakdown of fats and lipids
c. Bile is stored in liver and helps with chemical breakdown of fats and lipids
d. Bile is made in the liver and helps with physical breakdown of proteins
22- Select the statement that is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. One reason we cook meat with heat is so that we can denature the proteins in
meat
b. Proteins and amino acids are NOT primarily used for energy purposes
c. Oxidative stress and inflammation are NOT two of the most fundamental cellular
pathways of disease and morbidity
d. Broccoli is filled with antioxidants which can cause cancer risk reduction
23- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Green tea is an excellent source of antioxidants
b. Teratogens cannot be biological
c. Teratogens are substances that can cause birth defects
d. Both a and c
24- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Insulin and cortisol are two antagonistic hormones
b. Insulin lowers blood sugar
c. Cortisol increases blood sugar
d. All of the above
25- Select the statement that is CORRECT about Kwashiorkor [K1 marks]
a. It is associated with diets LOW in protein
b. It can cause ascites
c. It causes cancer
d. Both a and b
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
26- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. When we absorb food, it enters arterial blood NOT venous blood
b. The reason nutrients enter veins and not arteries during absorption is because
the body wants to make sure food enters the heart so that it can reach the
ENTIRE body
c. Only monosaccharides and proteins (and not lipids) require transmembrane
protein transporters in order to enter the cell from blood
d. Both b and c
27- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol
b. Carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism eventually all merge at the acetyl-
CoA generation site
c. The electron transport chain occurs INSIDE the mitochondrial matrix
d. When our cells suffer from hypoxia most metabolic pathways STOP or dimmish
significantly except for glycolysis
28- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Duodenum is primarily responsible for food digestion while jejunum and ileum
are primarily responsible for food absorption
b. Small intestine is NOT responsible for balancing water and electrolytes
c. Vitamin K is lipophobic and Vitamin C is hydrophilic
d. Urea is ONLY made via deamination of amino acids
29- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Toxoplasmosis is the contact with cat feces during pregnancy that can act as a
teratogen and cause prenatal development harm
b. During the Krebs cycle CO2 is released
c. Environmental toxins such as lead, caffein, toxoplasma, alcohol, and cigarette
smoke can all be considered as teratogenic
d. All of the above
30- Select the statement that is CORRECT regarding Lactation? [K1 marks]
a. Lactation is the process of giving birth
b. Prolactin is responsible for milk secretion
c. Oxytocin is responsible for milk secretion
d. Prolactin is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
31- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. CO2 is released during pyruvate decarboxylation
b. During the Krebs cycle, CO2 is NOT released
c. The pH of the intermembrane space of the mitochondria is higher than the pH of
the matrix of the mitochondria
d. When ATP is hydrolyzed to release energy, it’s the glycosidic bond between the
sugar and the nitrogenous base of the ATP that is broken
32- Select the statement that is NOT INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. The hypothalamus is in part responsible for regulation of our BMR
b. The preferred method of calculating the REE is the Harris Benedict Formula
c. In the Harris Benedict Formula of calculating the BMR, ONLY sex and age are
considered
d. Losing calories can only be achieved via fasting
33- Select the statement that is NOT INCORRECT about breastfeeding: [K1 marks]
a. Lactase is the major sugar in breastmilk
b. Fat is the second highest component of breastmilk
c. Maltose is the major sugar in breastmilk
d. Both a and b
34- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Progesterone is the most important hormone that maintains the endometrial wall
b. Progesterone is the most important hormone that maintains the myometrial wall
c. Estrogen is the most important hormone that maintains the endometrial wall
d. Estrogen is the most important hormone that maintains the myometrial wall
35- Select the statement that is INCORRECT regarding Cribs Death? [K1 marks]
a. Cribs Death in children is associated with mom drinking alcohol during pregnancy
b. Another name for Cribs Death is Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
c. Cribs Death is associated with growth retardation
d. Children dying by Cribs Death die during their sleep
36- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. The placenta is responsible for ONLY exchange of nutrients, wastes and gases
b. The placenta is a PERMANENT gland in females
c. The entire structure of the placenta belongs to the baby ONLY
d. None of the above
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
37- Select the statement that is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Omega-3 fatty acids are anti-inflammatory
b. The higher the omega-3/omega-6 FA ratio the healthier the food
c. Alpha-linoleic acid is also known as omega-6 FA
d. Omega-6 FA is found in Arachidonic acid
38- Select the statement that is INCORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. The estimated energy requirements (EER) are NOT constant throughout
pregnancy
b. Spina bifida is NOT associated with deficiencies in folic acid during pregnancy
c. An increase in percent consumption of Vitamin D is NOT critical during pregnancy
d. Folate or folic acid intake is crucial for maintaining a normal neural tube
formation
39- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Drinking too much alcohol causes dehydration
b. The alcohol molecule cannot freely pass cell membranes
c. The alcohol molecule requires a transmembrane protein transporter to cross cell
membranes
d. The rate of alcohol intoxication is the same between men and women
40- Select the statement that is CORRECT about drinking alcohol [K1 marks]
a. Drinking alcohol in the form of ethanol is a toxin to the cells and is cytotoxic
b. Ethanol needs membrane transporter to pass through cell membrane
c. Ethanol in the liver is converted/metabolized into acetaldehyde which can further
be converted into either acetate and/or fat molecules
d. Both a and c
41- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Males are less prone to alcohol intoxication compared to females due to having
relatively more bodily water
b. Females are more prone to alcohol intoxication compared to males due to having
relatively more alcohol dehydrogenase
c. Females are more prone to alcohol intoxication compared to males due to having
relatively less alcohol dehydrogenase
d. Both a and c
42- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Atherosclerosis occurs in arteries not veins
b. Atherosclerosis is predicated on oxidative stress, inflammation, immune response
and smooth muscle cell proliferation
c. Atherosclerosis can lead ischemic stroke
d. All of the above
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
43- Select the statement that is CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Only the liver contains a portal system in our body
b. Alcohol gets metabolized in the liver primarily to produce acetaldehyde
c. Lungs have BOTH pulmonary and systemic circulation
d. The hepatic portal system is an artery-artery-vein system
44- Select the statement that is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. Alcohol can cause fatty liver when it gets metabolized in the liver
b. Alcohol gets metabolized in the liver primarily to produce acetaldehyde
c. Cancer is abnormal controlled cell division
d. The hepatic portal system is an artery-artery-vein system
45- Select the statement that is NOT CORRECT? [K1 marks]
a. EPA lipids are anti-thrombogenic
b. Eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acids are pro-inflammatory
c. Omega-3 FA is a non-essential FA
d. Omega-6 FA is an essential FA
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
PART (II) – Short Answer Questions – THINKING [T33]
1- Describe what FOOD INSECURITY is: [4 marks]
2- Describe 4 functions of Vitamin-D in our body: [4 marks]
3- Describe 4 symptoms of Pellagra [4 marks]
4- Name the THREE most important BLOOD PROTEINS and describe ONE function per
protein [6 marks]
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
5- Describe what Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is and name 3 symptoms of this disease [6
marks]
6- Describe what colostrum is and name its two most important ingredients [3 marks]
7- Describe how drinking alcohol can cause Fatty Liver [2 marks]
8- Explain how Arachidonic acid can be harmful [4 marks]
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
PART (III) – Long Answer Questions – C20 – A20
1- EXPLAIN in DETAIL what happened to IRON after it is ingested and reached the stomach.
Fully depict (you can also use diagrams) how iron is absorbed, how it is transported in
blood and how and where it is stored and finally where is it usually used [C10 marks]
2- Explain how ketoacidosis can occur in untreated and/or undertreated TYPE-II diabetes
mellitus patients [C10 marks]
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
3- Fully explain (in 7 steps) the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis that can lead to myocardial
infarction (MI) or heart attack. [A20]
END of EXAM!
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Mr. Arash Nutrition and Health – HFA4U – V1 Grade-12
