Std.

VIII
MAHESH TUTORIALS Semester - I

(STATE BOARD)

GEOGRAPHY - 1 to 5
Duration : 2 hrs. MODEL ANSWER PAPER Marks : 40

A.1. (A) Choose the correct alternative :

1. Volcanic ash, lava, fine particles of soil. 1
2. Primary waves 1
3. 04 minutes 1
4. Thick fog 1

A.1. (B) Tell whether right or wrong correct the wrong statement :
1. Flase - The core of the earths’ crust is made of solid metal. 1
2. True 1
3. True 1
4. Flase - Ice-bergs freeze the water in the ocean, and thus dangerous for 1
water transport.

A.2. (A) Differentiate between :

1. Humidity and Clouds 2
Humidity Clouds
1. The proportion of water vapour 1. Cloud is made of water drops or
in the air is called humidity. ice crystals floting in the sky.
2. Humidity indicates the 2. Clouds play an important part
likelihood or precipiation dew or in weather forecast and
log. whether it will rain or not.
3. Humidity affects both weather 3. Clouds help to drive the water
and climate. cycle and the entire climate
system.

2. Cumulus clouds and Cumulonimbus clouds 2

Cumulus Clouds Cumulonimbus Clouds
1. The warm moist air rises and 1. The water vapour carried by
cools eventually condensing powerful upward air currents
into Cumulus clouds. form vertical clouds.
2. These are huge addome- 2. These look like huge mountains.
shaped.
3. They are grey in colour. 3. These are dense and dark in
colour.
4. Cumulus clouds are an 4. They are indicators of
indicator of pleasant weather. thunderstorm and lightening.
5. The vertical expanse of thses 5. They bring rain and storm and
clouds increases so much that may sometimes bring hailstones.
they turn into cumulonimbus Rain does not last long.
clouds and bring rain.
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A.2. (B) Give geographical reasons : (Any 3)
1. (i) Greenwich is on 0° longitude in London. 2
(ii) When the Sun is at its highest point exactly above the Prime Meridian
it is 12.00 noon at Greenwich
(iii) The local time increases by 4 minutes for every longitude towards
West of Greenwich and decreases by 4 minutes for every longitude
towards East of Greenwich
(iv) People living in a large areas across different longitude interact with
each other. To avoid chaos and confusion International Standard Time
is convenient.

2. (i) At high temperature, the materials in the interior will melt towards 2
the centre part of the earth.
(ii) Due to increase in pressure and presence of heavy metals like Nickel
and Iron, the density of the earth’s layers also goes on increasing
towards the centre.
(iii) The average density of the layers goes on increasing from crust to
core and is nearly 14.5g/cm 3 at the very centre. Thus, density of
metals and their location in the interior of the earth is correlated.

3. (i) The ocean is one of the Earth’s most valuable natural resources. 2
(ii) It provides us food in the form of fish.
(iii) Natural gas, mineral oil and various minerals can be obtained by
mining the continental shelf.
(iv) To understand the form of marine life in the ocean and the availability
of minerals on the ocean bed.

4. (i) Cumulus clouds are formed extensively from 500 m. to 6000 m. 2

altitude.
(ii) The vertical flow of the air adds to the formation of these clouds.
(iii) They are huge and dome - shaped.
(iv) The vertical expanse of these clouds increases so much that they
turn into Cumulonimbus clouds and bring rain.

A.3. (A) Explain the effect of :

1. (i) According to the alignment of the coast line, the direction of the 2
ocean current changes.
(ii) The velocity of the ocean current is around 2 to 10 km per hour.

2. (i) In cold regions where warm ocean currents flow, the climate becomes 2
warmer.
(ii) In some regions, the amount of precipitation increases.
(iii) For e.g. The warm ocean currents flowing near Western Europe,
Southern Alaska and Japanese coast reduce the intensity of the
winters and make the region warmer.
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A.3. (B) Draw neat labelled diagram :
1. Crust 2
(30 km average)

LITHOSPHERE

Upper
Mantle
70 km)

Crust
and
mantle
Mantle (28

Lithosphere
(100 km)

Lower
Mantle

Outer Core
(Liquid)
71 km)
Core (34

Inner Core (Liquid)

Forth Centre (6371 km)

A.4. Answer the following : (Any 2)

1. (i) The Labrador current is a cold current in the North Atlantic Ocean 3
which flows from the Arctic Ocean, moving south along the east coast
of Canada.
(ii) This Current has its origin in the Greenland/ Iceland and maintains
temperature of 0°C, carrying Iceland.
(iii) The relatively lower salinity of Labrador current makes the water
susceptible to freezing. So, the ports in the eastern coast of Canada
freeze in winter.

2. (i) Clouds are a form of condensation at higher elevation. They are floating 3
masses of super cooled water droplets and ice crystals.
(ii) Clouds are found at different altitudes above mean sea level.
(iii) Clouds which form at greater altitudes are formed from very fine snow
particles.
Types of Clouds:
(i) High Clouds: These clouds are mainly made up of ice particles. They
can be classified into cirrus, cirrocumulus and cirrostratus.
(ii) Medium Clouds: These include Alto-Cumulus and Alto-Stratus Alto-
Cumulus are white in colour and have a grey shade. Alto-Stratus are
not very thick and sun can be seen through them.
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(iii) Low Clouds: These consist of 5 types of clouds. Strato Cumulus,
Cumulus, Cumulonimbus, Stratus and Nimbo-Stratus. The rain drops
of low clouds are larger because they move up and down a lot of time
and accumulate more and more water.

3. (i) The crust is the outermost layer of the earth. 3

(ii) The mantle is the layer of the earth right below the crust.
Classification:
(i) The crust is made of solid rock. It is mostly made of lighter elements:
silicon, oxygen, aluminium. Because of this, it is known as Sial,
(Silicon = Si; Aluminium = Al).
(ii) The Mantle is the layer of the Earth right below the crust. It is made
up mostly of oxygen, silicon and the heavier element magnesium. It
is known as Sima. (Si for silicon + Mg for magnesium).

A.5. Solve : (Any 2) 2

1. Longitude
Place Date Time

A 120°E 22nd June 6 a.m.

B 1600W 21st June 11.20 a.m.

C 600E 22nd June 2 a.m.

A.6 Observe the map and answer the following :

1. Agulhas Current, South Polar Current, E. Australian Current. 1
2. Near New Foundland Island. 1

A.7 (A) Match the column :

1. (A) Cirrus – higher altitude – snow flake clouds 1
(B) Cumulonimbus – Vertical extent in the sky – Roaring clouds 1
(C) Nimbostratus – Low altitude – continuous rainfall 1
(D) Alto-cumulus – Medium altitude – Floating clouds 1

A.7 (B) Name the landforms shown in the figure : 4

(i) Mountain (ii) Plateau (iii) Coastal plain
(iv) Continental slope (v) Marine trench (vi) Abyssal plain
(vii) Marine island (viii) Mid-oceanic submerged hills

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