Alfonso Penichet
Basilio Pueo
MARINE SPORTS
UNIT II: DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL SPORTS ACTIVITIES AT SEA
Lesson 3. Kayaking
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
1. Introduction
Definition
Kayaking: Variety of canoe of one, two or four crew
members whose use is fundamentally sport.
The crew member or rower sits and faces forward, unlike
rowing boats, and propels the boat with a double-bladed
paddle or spoon that does not need to be supported on
the hull.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
1. Introduction
Types
Canoe:
The paddler is kneeling or sitting on the seats.
It is open at the top.
Shovels of a
single spoon
(single spade).
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
1. Introduction
Types
Kayak:
The paddler sits at the bottom of the kayak.
It is closed and even has an airtight canvas for tipping
(exception: sit on top or open kayaks).
Shovels of
double spoon
(double shovel).
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
1. Introduction
Olympic Canoeing
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
1. Introduction
History
Oldest boat that exists today.
Eskimos have been using it for 3000 years.
The word kayak means "clothing to walk on water" since it
was built to the exact measurements of the paddler.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
2. Material
Types of Kayak
Touring kayak.
Boat of great length (of 4.50 until 5.50 m).
High load capacity both inside (in the watertight compartments
at the bow and stern) and outside (deck nets).
Ideal for long distance navigation and at any time of the year.
Unsinkable thanks to the 2 watertight compartments.
Bathtub adjusted to the body.
Manufactured in Polyethylene or fiberglass.
They are fast and maneuverable kayaks.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
2. Material
Types of Kayak
Recreational kayaking.
Half-length boat (up to 4.50 m).
Single or no watertight compartment, thus reducing the load
capacity.
The bath is wider for easier access but with few adjustments to
the footbeds.
Requires installation of balloons in the bow or stern cabin to be
unsinkable in case of overturning.
They are of slower progression and not advisable for trips of
several days.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
2. Material
Types of Kayak
Open Kayak
Stable and lightweight, made of plastic, for exclusive use in
small tours near the beach and in summer.
The athlete sits with his knees half bent on the deck of the boat
(open cockpit), totally exposed to the splashes of the waves,
etc.
Small or no load capacity.
Unsinkable as it does not have any interior compartments, self-
emptying.
Resistant to intensive use and beach. Some models are
designed for special uses : diving, fishing, two-seater.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
2. Material
Hull material
Plastic
Rotomoulded polyethylene (very hard but somewhat heavy).
Injected extruded polyethylene (very hard and light).
PVC
Exclusive to
inflatable kayaks.
Fiberglass
Fragile but with the best
price/weight ratio.
Wood
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
2. Material
Parts of the kayak
Shovel. Made of carbon fiber (A), glass
fiber (B) or polyethylene (C), about 2.30 m
long and an angle between spoons of 90°
to 45°.
Skirt or cover. Waterproof fabric that is
hooked on the gift and the inside is
secured to the paddler's waist preventing
water from entering the kayak.
Life vest. Comfortable, they fit loosely
and do not restrict movement.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
3. Basic skills
Aquatic phase
1. Entry / Catch:
Start: introduction of the leaf in the water.
End: when the blade is submerged.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
3. Basic skills
Aquatic phase
2. Pull / Drive:
Start: when the blade is submerged
completely.
End: when the shovel starts to come out.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
3. Basic skills
Aquatic phase
3. Exit:
Start: when the shovel starts to come out.
End: when the blade is out of the water.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
3. Basic skills
Aerial phase
4. Recovery:
Start: when the blade is out of the water.
End: entry of the leaf into the water.
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
3. Basic skills
Complete phases
1. Entry / Catch
2. Pull / Drive
3. Exit
4. Recovery
A. Penichet & B. Pueo
3. Basic skills
Biomechanics of traction
1-2 Entry / Catch
2-7 Pull / Drive
7-8 Recovery
