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Introduction FME I

This document provides information about textiles and fabric manufacturing processes. It defines textiles as materials made from woven fibers and fabrics as flexible planar substances made through processes like weaving, knitting, or felting. The four main types of fabric are woven, nonwoven, knitted, and braided. Weaving involves interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles on a loom to produce cloth. Knitting uses one continuous yarn to form interconnected loops. Nonwoven fabrics bond fibers without weaving or knitting. The document outlines the input, process, and output steps to transform fibers into yarns, fabrics, and finished garments.

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Sujonjisan SH
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64 views14 pages

Introduction FME I

This document provides information about textiles and fabric manufacturing processes. It defines textiles as materials made from woven fibers and fabrics as flexible planar substances made through processes like weaving, knitting, or felting. The four main types of fabric are woven, nonwoven, knitted, and braided. Weaving involves interlacing warp and weft yarns at right angles on a loom to produce cloth. Knitting uses one continuous yarn to form interconnected loops. Nonwoven fabrics bond fibers without weaving or knitting. The document outlines the input, process, and output steps to transform fibers into yarns, fabrics, and finished garments.

Uploaded by

Sujonjisan SH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fabric Manufacturing

Engineering-1

3/31/2021
Textile:

A general term used from the latin word textere that means
"to weave.”Textile is a term originally applied only to woven
fabrics but the term textile and the plural textiles are now also
applied to fibers, filament and yarns, natural and
manufactured and most products for which these are principle
raw material.

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Fabric:
Fabric or cloth is a flexible artificial material that is made by a network of
natural or man made fibers, threads or yarns which is formed by work as in
textiles and fabric is produced by using weaving, knitting or felting process.

Or,
Fabric is a flexible planer substance that is made by the network of fibers,
threads or filaments and produced by weaving, knitting or felting process.
Types of Fabric
According to construction basically fabrics are
four types:
• Woven fabrics.
• Nonwoven fabric
• Knitted fabrics.
• Braided fabrics.
Weaving:
Weaving is the process of fabric manufacturing technology. The
final product of weaving i.e. cloth or fabric is obtained by
interlacing of warp & weft yarns disposed in perpendicular
direction. The warp yarns are placed in the longitudinal in woven
fabrics & the weft yarns are used for cross wise interlacing with
the warp yarns. Cloth is produced on loom or weaving machine.

Woven Fabric :
Woven fabric are composed of longitudinal or warp threads
and transverse or weft threads interlaced with one another
according to the class of structure and form of design that
are desired.

3/31/2021
Woven Fabric

3/31/2021
Knitted fabric:
The fabric which is produced by one set of yarn by
interlooping are called knitted fabric.

Non woven fabric:

Here fabrics are produced by connecting yarns with gummy


substances or bonded material. Non wovens are flexible
porous products consisting of one or more fibre layers. They
are bonded by chemical or mechanical process into textile
products.

Learn details from reference book

3/31/2021
Flow Chart of Textile Processing
Input Process Output
Fiber Yarn Manufacturing Yarn
Yarn Fabric Manufacturing Grey Fabric
Grey Fabric Wet Processing Dyed Fabric / Finished
Fabric
Finished Fabric Garments Manufacturing Ready Made Garments
Process flow chart of weaving
Flow Chart of input & output of different steps of woven fabric manufacturing:

Input Process Output

Ring bobbin Winding Cone

Cone Warping Warp beam/ Warper’s beam

Warp beam Sizing Sized beam/back beam/weaver’s


beam

Sized beam Looming Grey fabric/ End product


Flow chart of fabric manufacturing technology:

3/31/2021
Warp Yarn & Weft Yarn:
Woven fabrics are composed of longitudinal or warp threads and transverse or weft
threads, interlaced with one another according to the class of structure and form of
design that are desired. The terms chain or twist are applied to the warp and the
warp threads are known individually as ends, while the terms picks and filling are
applied to the weft threads.

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