Answer key Unit 1 Lifestyle Reading and Use of English: Multiple matching Page 8 How to go about it Question 4 is answered by the underlined parts in Text A. Questions 1 and 7 are the other questions answered in Text A. See key below. 1A at home there are usually scripts lying all over the place. Its a bit of a mess, I'm ashamed to say. 2D... Fean't see myself i any other profession. There's nothing else I rather do. 3 € [love my job, especially the variety and not knowing what you'll be doing from one day 10 the next 4 A Ill sometimes go for a run after I get up, though it's not really my idea of fan. Fim not a fitness fare 3 B Fhave to get up early and my morning routine is dull and conventional, the same one that's played out in milion of households: 6 D My lat overlooks the port, so it's just a short watk to the Elle May 7A. Lalways fall asleep as soon as my head hits the pillow. 8 B Working at home was a solitary business and I hated the fact that I would often go for days without speaking to anyone. 9 © But being a vet any type of vet ~ is not what people think i i, 178 nor all cuddly lambs and cute litle Pigs. We have to do some pretty unpleasant things sometimes 10 B J often get to bed later than I would like Language focus 1: Habitual behaviour Page 10 A General tendencies 1 use to be B Frequency adverbs 1 ‘a. immediately before the main verb; after the auxiliary verb and the verb 0 he bb always and never are incorrectly placed 2 1 correct, 2 Tusually have my dinner in front of the television. 3 never spend more than ten minutes doing my Enj homework. correct 5 Thardly ever play computer games ~ I prefer reading. 6 correct C Used to and would 1 would + infinitive can refer to past habits, but not states, Its not used with stative verbs such as have to refer to the past. 2 1b 2a 3a fas «Sb BOT Bc 9c Wa Vocabulary 2: Get Page 11 1a bthe actor ethe farm vet d the fisherman ethe potter ftheavtor gtthe fisherman hi the potter b D get up, go out of bed € do exercise dbecome/grow lonely ¢ catch the train Farrive atireach the theatre g makes us do h receive requestsam asked 2 touch 2chance 3 paid 4 ready $ trouble Gover Thy Bon Vocabulary 3: Clothes Page 12 1 hat, top hat, suit, jacket, tie, shit, jeans, trainers, dress Listening 1: Multiple matching 1-2 Possible answers Pages 12-13, A a wedding: guest, witness, priest, best man, in a church, in a registry office B a birthday party: guest, host, at home, in a disco € a classical ballet: audience, ballerina, dancer, director, in a concert hall, in an opera house D a sporting event: spectator, competitor, star, opponent, in a stadium, at a sports centre E. a film premiere: star, audience, director, producer, at a F an examination: candidate, invigilator, in an examination hall G a job interview: candidate, interviewer, panel, in an office or other place of work Ha special family meal: guest, host, relative, relations, in-laws, at home, in a restaurant 3 ‘There are many possible answers. Listening task 1A 2F 3D 4G 5B C,EandHnotused 241Answer key Language focus 2: Be used to, get used to and used to Page 13 1 la 2b 3a 2 Be used to + -ing/noun in the affirmative describes the state in which one no longer finds situations new or strange, e.g. [ ‘ant used to the heat means it is no problem for me now. Get used 10 + -inginoun in the affirmative describes the process of reaching normality with a new or strange situation, e.g. amt getting used to the heat means itis less of a problem for me now than before. 3 the gerund 5c 1 get,having 2-,cook is, eating 4~, waite S get, being Gbe, driving 7 get, driving Writing: Informal letter Pages 14-15 1 ‘Mark wants to know how I am settling in to the new house He wants to know if Team help him in the summer 2 Paragraph 2: to describe how he spends a typical day Paragraph 3: to give news and invite you to visit, Paragraph 4: to finish and ask for a reply 3 2a 3 no, because this expression is too formal 4¢ Sg 610,100 formal 7 no, too formal 8d 9b OF 4 Awhile 2as 3andiso,as well 4 but 5 s0 5 —— | Sample answer Dear Mark, Tm writing to you to tell you that I'm not going to go to your farm in summer because of my new work, However, Ill try to see you as soon as possible, {As you know, I moved to a new house six months ago and since then I've met new people. 1 think that living there is better than T thought and. with regard to my new surroundings T must say that they are excellent, I usually get up at half past seven and I went to work. Then I have a breakfast with my friends and I go to improve my English spoken in the afternoon in a specific classe. In the evening, I'm used to going to the cinema because here it's cheaper. After all, I think is good have a new experience in your life and this is an example to explain it. As far as I'm concerned, I don’t know if Il have to return {to my city, but it doesn’t matter so much in these moments 242 hope you write me as you did. All the best, | 186 words Examiner's comment Content: Adequate coverage of points. Communicative achievement: Register is awkward at times = with regard to my new surroundings (too formal for the context), and some confusion is evident in the use of Afterall and As far as I'm concerned. The overall effect on the target reader would be reasonably positive: the information asked for has been provided and the tone, although inconsistent at times, would not cause problems. Organization: An abrupt beginning but the letter is organized into paragraphs. Successful use of simple sequencing in the third paragraph — then, in the afternoon’ evening, Language: Errors do not obscure communication, but they may distract the reader ~ I’m used to going to the cinema is not appropriate here, the use of went instead of go in the third paragraph, the omission of the subject in I think is good are some examples of inaccuracies. Vocabulary is generally appropriate except for a breakfast, a specific classe. Tenses are generally correct ~ since then I've met new people Mark: Good pass Listening 2: Multiple choice Page 15 1C 2B 3B 4C 5A 6A 7B 8A Review 1 Pages 16-17 Reading and Use of English: Transformations 1 getting rid of 2 got used to wearing 3 always borrowing my things without 4 is/s unusual for Simon to 5 unlike/not't like Helen to be 6 looking forward to seeing Vocabulary A Adjectives 2high-hecled 3 tight-fitting 4 sleeveless 5 baggy 6 long-sleeved B Expressions crossword Expressions for use in informal letters ‘Across 1 thanks Sforward Sway Glove 12 taken Down 2 know 7hetter 11 hear Expressions with get Across 3rid 4on 10 touch 13 paid Down I trouble 3 ready 6 dressed C People le 2f 3a 4b Sd 6e 1 competitor, spectators 2 host, guests 3 bride, groom4 audience, performers 5 doctor, patient 6 candidates, invigilator Unit 2 High energy Vocabulary 1: Music Page 18 4a violin, cello, drums b Alead 2asong 3musician 40n Splay 6live” Tin 8 instrument pronunciation /laiv/ Listening 1: Sentence completion Page 19 1c 1 whole family 2 Mexico 3 country and western 4intervalinterude $1999 6 four/4 million 7 Photo/photo gallery 8 Rain/rain9 bikes/bicycles 10 excitement Language focus 1: Indirect ways of asking questions Page 20 When did Riythot of the Dance start performing? ‘Why do you call the show iD? [Are the Tap Dogs planning to come here? PN wee ‘The ausiliary verbs did and do are not used in the indirect question form. Start changes to started; call does not change, as the second person present simple form is the ‘same as the infinitive form, b In the direct question form, the auxiliary verb comes before the subject (Are the Tap Dogs planing ...2). In the indirect form, the subject comes first, as in the normal word order for a statement (the Tap Dogs are planing) © If (or whether) has to be added, 3 Possible answers a Could you explain why you are called ‘Pagagnint’? b I'd be interested to know when you started performing together, © Could you tell me ifwhether you have ever toured outside of Europe? d_ Would you mind telling us what type of music you prefer playing? Iwas wondering if you could tell me how many hours you practise your instrument each day. £ Weld like to know iffwhether you clown around when you're off stage as well Writing 1: Letter of application Pages 20-21 2 2 Ihave seen 3 T would like to apply 4 Lhave also been attending 5 T have no experience Answer key Ganumber 71 feel 8 well-suited to 91 would love to have the opportunity to 10 I look forward to hearing 3 Although, In addition, as 4 Paragraph 2: relevant skills Paragraph 3: relevant experience Paragraph 4: suitability for the job 5 Sample answer Dear Mr Groves, Thave seen your advertisement in the last edition of ‘English News’ and Iwould like to apply for the post of| volunteer at the pop and rock festival. After reading the advertisement, I think I have the relevent experience to work at the festival, I am in my first year in the university where, I study music. I play guitar, violin and drums and Iam also a member of a rock band that last year my friends and I created, | Furthermore, I have some experience to work with. people because I used to have a jab as waitress in a busy music café. I enjoyed meeting different people ‘and helping the public in general, and I learned lot in this position, would love to have the opportunity to volunteer at, the pop and rock festival. I feel T would be well-sulted im this role and I would like to help other people enjoy music as I do, Finally, I believe I would learn a lot | from hearing different bands stiles and this would benefit my study. Took forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Claudine Diallo 194 words Examiner's comment Content: All points covered and the writer builds on the information given, e.g. Iam also a member of a rock group, Tused to have « job as a waitress, I would like to help other people enjay music. Communicative achievement: Register is appropriately formal for a letter of application, and the writer would have a positive effect on the target reader. Organization: The letter is well-organized with suitable paragraphs and the writer uses linking devices, e.. After reading, Furthermore, finally. Language: Generally accurate. Grammatical errors do not obscure meaning, e.g. I have some experience to work (of working) with people, work as (a) waitress, my study (studies). Punctuation and minor spelling mistakes do not distract the reader e.g. where, I study, relevent, stiles. There is a good range of appropriate expressions and vocabulary for the task: 243Answer key ‘would like 1 apply for the post of, I used to have a job, opportunity to volunteer, Took forward to hearing, Yours sincerely, apply, drums, busy, well-suited. ‘Mark: Very good pass Reading and Use of English: Gapped text Pages 22-23 3 1C 2F 3D 4A 5G 6B Bnotused Language focus 2: Gerunds and infinitives Page 24 1 a to score: the infinitive with to is used after certain adjectives, in this case, hard(er) Note the structure: adjective + for someone to do something 1b be done: an infinitive without to because it follows a modal verb, in this ease, can throwing: a gerund is used after a preposition, inthis case, by © passing: a gerund is used after certain verbs, in this case, keep. d to look: an infinitive with to is used after certain verbs, in this case, need 2 1 going, to meet 4 10 take, studying 2 smiling, to hit 5 to let, asking 3 to enjoy, buying 3 Ltorain, raining 2tohave 3 to play, playing. 4run,torun Stodrink 6 using 4 detest, hate, can't stand, don't like, don't mind, quite like, really enjoy, love, absolutely adore 5 interested in fond of good/bad at bored with excited about Vocabulary 2: Sport 1 kick, posts 2 do gymnastics Page 25 becore epassed dpieces d pitch g0 skiing, cycling, swimming play volleyball, tennis, basketball, football, golf Ba 2footbally 3 golf S athletics 4 skiing 6 cycling 244 b red card ~ football fairway — golf gears ~ cycling Iift~ skiing service ~ tennis triple jump ~ athletics 4a Liake 2beat 3win Shit Stake 6draw b 1 ice hockey, figure skating, curling 2 Spain 3 silver 4 tennis, badminton, squash 5 five 6 none Listening 2: Multiple choice _ Page 26 2 1A 2B 3B 4C 5C 6B 7A Word formation: Affixes 1 boxer, player, spectator, competitor, participant, listener, organizer, runner, rider, contestant 2 cemployee/trainee, electrician/politician, novelistscientist, mountaineeriengineer Page 27 3 lun 2in 3il dim Sim 6ir 7dis 4 under 10 lttle/not enough over too muchlexcessive(ly) pre before post after hyper very big micro very small mis wrongly re again ex former extra outside or beyond Writing 2: Article Page 27 Additional material Page 202 2 Paragraph 1¢ Paragraph 2.0 Paragraph 3d Paragraph 4b 3 cis written for readers of International Sports Weekly ‘magazine,4 ‘The style is informal a Contractions: doesn's, you've, you'll I'm, you've, don't, they're b Informal linkers: So, And, Also © Direct questions: Have you ever seen a smile on the face of a long distance runner? So what is the attraction of running? Phrasal verbs: give up, take up, put off 5 le 2a 3b 6 ‘Sample answer In the world, as T know, there are a lot of sports that are very interesting and everyone can occupy with them like, for example, football, basketball, volleyball and so on, But in my opinion, the most famous and the most interesting, in the world, is football, Firstly, extremely fond of this kind of entertainment (I say this because for me and my friends, football is the same thing with the entertainment), We play football everyday and everywhere. We love it and anything else apart from football is boring for us. Once again love it. Secondly, football has many particularities. Special ‘equipment and special clothes are usuful. Although the professionals teams play in big football courts, the children play football everywhere. If you want to become a good and a famous football player you must go into training everyday with many efforts but because of the injuries you must be careful For all these reasons, I have the impression that this particular sport is lovely and I believe that there is, nobody who watch this sport By Loukas Geronikolaou 178 words J Examiner's comment Content: Adequate coverage of points 1 and 3 but point 2 (why do you like 12) not really dealt with, The question incites a personal response but the information given is ‘mostly rather general again, Communicative achievement: Consistently neutral register in an acceptable article format. The message would not be entirely clear to the target reader; certainly some enthusiasm conveyed, but why does the writer like football so much? Some awkwardness of expressions may distract target reader, and the final sentence is obscure. Organization: Four paragraphs including an introduction, and conclusion, Conventional paragraph links (Firstly, Secondly). Some sentence links (although, if, because of) Language: Reasonably accurate. One missing verb (I extremely fond of -a slip?), one spelling mistake (ustfil) cone false agreement (professionals teams). The problem is awkwardness rather than pure inaccuracy (positive error). Final sentence doesn’t communicate. Doesn't have all the vocabulary (occupy with them, many particularities, Answer key big football courts) though makes good attempts (fond of, anything else apart from football, go into training, because of the injuries), Some variety of structures, some complex sentences, Mark: Pass Review 2 Pages 28-29 Word formation 1 Lundersleep 2overlitwle oversing 4 missucceed Sdislove 6 unglad 2 Lundercharged 2 overgrown 3 overslept 4 misspeltimisspelled 5 disappearance 6 uncommon Reading and Use of English: Word formation A spectators 2 distance 3 participants 4 walker S extraordinary 6 performance 7 unlikely 8 physically Gerunds and infinitives Ltowrite 2 getting 6 to study 710 open Biapping 4 tohave —§ talking 8 putting Vocabulary A Sport 1 course, hole 2 referee, pitch 3. hivget, rackevracquet 4 lif, slope(s)irun(s) 5 part, place 6 beat, draw B Music Lonthe radio 2 playa tune 3 in the charts 4 session musicians Sin tune 6 mime a song Ton tour 8 playa track Unit 3 A change for the better? Vocabulary: Technology Page 30 2 2bye 3out 4by Sknow 6inmy opinion ‘Thappy birthday 8 for your information 9 on 10 I see what you mean Reading and Use of English: Multiple choice Pages 30-32 2 ‘The effects are mentioned in paragraphs 4-6 3 1B 2D 3A 4C 5B 6D 245Answer key Language focus 1: Comparisons Page 33 A more, less 2 longer, more complex 3 more, than, more efficiently, more quickly 4 most militant, youngest S least, most A Comparative and superlative forms 1 ‘The comparative of adjectives with one syllable, like fong and young, is formed by adding the suflix er longer, younger). ‘The comparative of most adjectives with two or more syllables is formed by preceding the adjective with the word ‘more (more complex, more militar), 2 cleaner, the cleanest hotter, the hottest stranger, the strangest happier, the happiest more clever, the most clever or cleverer, the cleverest better, the best worse, the worst farther, the farthest or further, the furthest 3 ‘The comparative of adverbs like quickly or efficiently are usually formed by preceding the adverb with the word more, not by adding the suffix -er 4 Dig differences: much, significantly, « lor small differences: a bit, a litle, slightly B Other comparative structures 1 lc 2a 3e 4b Sf 64 2 ‘was far worse than. the least enjoyable holiday are not as many you work now, the less s/s the same height as, quite as much experience as Word formation: Nouns 1 Page 34 consciousness, curiosity entertainment attention, conversations evidence enjoyment, treatment, government, argument originality, popularity, majority, ability appearance, performance, annoyance, tolerance Ren eN bene sadness, weakness, carelessness, loneliness 246 information, resignation, presentation, explanation difference, existence, dependence, obedience amusement, collection, similarities, thickness activities, payment, permission generosity, decisions, disappointment dissatisfaction, differences, description, occurrence Listening 1: Multiple choice How to go about Page 35 Possible answers 2. How does Keith describe his work? 3. What is the possible result of having robots that can display and detect emotions? 4 What does Keith say about robots in films? 5 Keith expresses concern that robots might cause us 6 Keith says that progress in the robotics industry 7 What does Keith say about humanoid robots? 2 1B 2C 3A 4A 5C 6B 76 Language focus 2: Articles Page 37 1 ‘Travel and transport and Communication 2 1- 2the 3- — 4the Sthe 6the 7 the BA 9- toa 11- 2the 13an 1- 13- 16a AT the 18the 192 20the 3 Question Grammar reference section The definite article 2,20 AL 4 M 617 AS 5 ASb 7 ar 18 Alo 2 al ‘The indefinite article 19 B2 8,16 Ba 10,13 BS No article 1at cla 39,14 cib 15 caListening 2: Multiple matching Page 38 How to go about it Possible answers B Too many changes € insufficient D We should have been consulted, E for selfish reasons F- Most parents support G unexpected benefits H Most teachers, unnecessary 1 1E 2D 3H 4C 5A B,FandGnotused 2 Possible answers 1... she has her own interests in mind rather than those of the kids. 13 just another of her schemes to get publicity for herself. 2. he has a habit of making changes without bothering t0 find out what anyone else thinks first...he could have let us Ihave some say in the matter before going ahead. 3. Most parents won't read the comments anyway they're just interested in the marks. I's a waste of time as far as I'm concemed, and I know the majority of my colleagues feel the same. 4 Mixing up the classes like that ~ splitting up the troublemakers ~is a step in the right divection, but it doesn't go far enough. 3 The ceiling’s enormousty high and the acoustics are terible for the piano, Plus I practically have to shout to make myself heard, so my throat is suffering. And then the sun streams in during the afternoon and sends the kids to sleep. 3 Possible answers 2 Now In not saying that a change wasn't necessary 3. The head says the tutor’s comment isn't enough to give parents a full picture of how their child's geting on 4... she said expelling them would just ereate problems for other schools $ Now I've changed rooms many times before . Additional material Page 203 1 Awell 2many 3long 4 far 5 soon 2 Lin addition to 2 the surprisingly large number of provided 4 in my opinion 5 immediately Writing: Essay Pages 38-39 2 The safety aspects 3 Paragraph 2: advantages/positive aspects of change Paragraph 3: disadvantagevnegative aspects of change Paragraph 4: conclusion Answer key 4a fon the negative side on the positive side on the one hand fon the other hand b Adding information Expressing result Concluding. In addition (to this) Consequently On balance What is more Asa result ‘To sum up Furthermore Tn conelusion Moreover Firstly/Secondly/Finally Additional material Page 203 ‘Sample answer ‘The Internet is part of our lives and many people could not imagine how would be the world without it. However, itis not sure that we must have it to enjoy the life completely Firstly, in my opinion it is much better to speak with, your friends personally and don't get in touch with ‘them online all the time. The only way to keep your friends and have a good relationship with them is see ‘them regularly, rather than chating on networking sites. Similarly, I prefer to go to the shops to buy instead of do it online. There is no sustitute for the personal treat which you can find when you are in a real shop or a market In addition, it can be a little sad to spend all your day to play online games or watch films which you download, It is something special when you go to the cinema or sit with your family playing a table game. | To sum up, the best way to enjoy the life is without the Internet, since a computer eannot give you the good relations you have when you speak, shop and play with another people. ‘Maria Sanz 197 words Examiner's comment Content: Adequate coverage of points 1 and 2. However, the candidate's own idea is not completely clear. Communicative achievement: Language is generally appropriately formal, and despite frequent errors, the message is generally clear and well organized, so the target reader would be sulficiently informed. Organization: Linking devices used effectively, e.g. However, fast, similarly, in addition, to sum up. Well organized, but the second and third paragraphs could be combined. Language: In general, the frequent errors do not obscure ‘meaning; however, they do distract the reader: how would be the world (what the world would be like), misuse of definite article enjoy the le, problems with infintives and gerunds don' (not to) get in touch, i (to) see then regulary, the shops 10 buy instead of do (doing) it online, misuse of determiners 247Answer key another (other) people. At times, vocabulary errors lead to confusion, e.g. the personal treat which you can find, playing 4 table game, There are also two spelling mistakes, but these do not distract the reader, sustitute, chating. There is an adequate range of vocabulary for the task, e.g. get in touch, relationships, networking sites, download, Some use of more complex language, eg. The only way to keep your friends, rather than chating on networking sites. However, frequent errors with more basic structures. Mark: Pass Review 3 Pages 40-41 Vocabulary: Technology 2laptop headset 4 landline 5 download 6 netbook 7 multitasking Expressions with as... as Along 2soon 3 far 4well § many Comparisons 1 Athe 2most 3in 4many Smuch 6 nearly Tot 850 Sby less Articles 2 3 in the home 4 spend the more 5 killed the art 6 write the emails 7 the less 8 the mobile phone 9 putin a 10 on the tain 11 watched a young couple 12 not just the young 13 a high percentage 14 into the your phone 15 Ym the one 16 to the mountains Reading and Use of English: Word formation 3 researchers assistant 4 existence ‘8 responsibilities 2 inventor 6 collection 1 earliest 5 equipment Ready for Use of English What do you know about the Use of English tasks? Page 42 1 False All except Part 4 (Transformations) for which the six questions are unrelated. 248 2 True Students should read for gist first, Looking first at the title and predicting the content ofthe text will help their overall understanding, 3 False There is one mark for each correct answer except in Part 4 (Transformations) in this part, wo marks are given for a completely correct answer, one mark if it is partly correct 4 True 5 True 6 True Unfortunately, some students do this in the exam I they write the answer to the example where the answer to the frst question should go, all their answers will be in the wrong space. 7 False Marks are not deducted for incorrect answers. I students are unsure, they should eliminate any alternatives they consider to be clearly wrong and then, if they till cannot decide on the comvect answer, make a sensible guess. 8 False Only one word, Note that contractions (eg. can’, ‘won’, I've) and hyphenated words (e.g. one-way count as ‘two words). 9 True No half marks are given in this paper (although ‘one mark out of a possible two can be given in Part 4 see 3 above), 10 True Part 1: Multiple-choice cloze Page 42 What to expect in the exam 1A 2C 3aD 3bC 4B 5D Multiple-choice cloze task 1A 2B 3D 4A SC 6C 7D &B Part 2: Open cloze What to expect in the exam Page 44 Type of word Number and example Articles 3a Auxiliary verbs Bare Linking words G although Negative words 2 not Possessive adjectives (ony, your, his ete) 1 theie Prepositions To Relative pronouns 4 which Words in comparisons § than 3 iwhere 2a Shave 4What Sthe 6At 7to Bby Part 3: Word formation Page 45 1 Thumorous Zemployees 3 tighten 4 increasingly Suncomfortable heat 7 saucepan 8 extraordinary2 1 adjective; spelling change required (the ‘u' in ‘humour’ is dropped) 2noun in the plural 3 verb 4 adver’ 5 negative adjective 6 noun: spelling change required Teompound noun — 8 adjective 4 1 magicians interested ability 4 independent Sstrengih Geasily Teareless 8 disastrous Unit 4 A good story Vocabulary 1: Films Pages 46-47 AA science fiction film, action film B historical drama © comedy D fantasy film 2 A B I terrific tewifying 3 terrible Treview 2eritic 3 criticism 4 Iset 2cast 3stars drole S performance 6 plot Tmain characters 8 special effects Language focus 1: So and such Page 47 1 a Both words intensify the adjective or (adjective +) noun that follow. b so + adjective (or adverb) such + (indefinite article +) adjective + noun 2 ‘were so good that was such bad weather was such an absorbing were so many people Word formation: Adjectives ending and -ed Page 48 1 Examples of adjectivesiadverbs in review of The Matrix ‘To describe how we feel about something or someone you will not feel disappointed. Also: The plot is complicated. ‘To describe the thing or person that produces the feeling one of the most entertaining science fiction films I have seen. The plot. is. at times confusing, athe special effects are stunning. Adverbs formed from present participle adjectives surprisingly competent convincingly choreographed 2 ww annoyed tired terrified amused bored frightened 3 Ww astonished impressed relaxed impress ~ impressive (ad) 4 ‘Suggested answers 1tiring 2 amused 3 annoying S fascinating 6 disgusting Writing 1: Revi How to go about te 2a 3d 4 Sample answer By David Benoa 180 words iew it ’ Examiner's comment Page 48 Answer key sa! frustrated disappointed disgusted fascinated 4 disappointingly 7 Astonishingly ‘The last film Tve seen on DVD was ‘The Holiday’ and it was alright. It is supposed it is a romantic comedy with Cameron Diaz, Kate Winslet, Jude Law and Jack Black and it is nice to watch but itis not a type of film that it makes you to laugh a lot ‘The film is about two women very different. They are Lis, who is playing by Kate Winslet and Amanda (Cameron Diaz) and they decide to change houses for a holiday. Iris’s house is a small one in England and. Amanda's Is enormous in Hollywood. Amanda falls in love to Iris's brother, who is widower, and Iris falls in love to Amanda's neighbour, who is componist. Kate Winslet is a bit disappointed in the role of Iris because she is normally very good actress. I like very much the photography and the music. I would recommend the film to people who they are tires and they do not want to watch a complicate film, Itis also very good for a rainy afternoon on Sunday of Content: Reasonable realization of the task, though rather a large section of the review is devoted to a simplistic summary of the plot. Communicative achievement: Both register and format are appropriate to the task. The target reader may have some difficulty following the review due to the number of errors, Organization: Adequate paragraphing. Some sentences poorly organized, e.g. second sentence of first paragraph. 249Answer key Language: A large number of distracting errors, e.g. iis supposed it is a romantic comedy, two women very different, who is playing by Kate Winslet and use of relative clauses. Disappointed is used incorrectly (disappointing), and itis, not clear what is meant by componist (composer?) A very limited range of structures and vocabulary, particularly when expressing opinions, e.g. very good (twice) and nice to watch, Mark: Borderline Preparing for listening: Focus on distractors Page 50 1 2d 3a 4e Sb 2 1B 2B 3A 4B 5B Listening: Multiple choice 1c 2B Page 50 3C 4A $B 6A 7B 8C Vocabulary 2: Take A Phrasal verbs with take 1 start (a new job or activity) 2 3 resemble b start doing € start to like ‘e move away from other people to talk Page 51 gain control Faccept as true gssart to become successful employ B Expressions with take 1 2take 3 akinghhaving taken 4 totake 5 took Ghad takenhad been taking 7 takes 8 are taking/have taken 2 2 take (me) to school 3 taking (his) advice 4 take (any of) the blame — § took (more) interest in (the children) 6 taken pity on (it) 7 takes (a great deal of) courage 8 taking so long to (do this exercise) 3 1D 2A 3¢ 4B 4 to take pride in something C (3) to be taken to hospital A (2) to take a joke B (4) to take the infinitive D (1) Reading and Use of English: Gapped text Pages 52-53 1 1C 2E 3A 4H SB 6F 7D 8G 250 1 Iris an extract from a crime novel 2 The narrator is angry because she had been trying to forget her father and now he has ‘come back into her life 3. She wants to know why no one has been punished for the murder of her father. 3 1F 2C 3B 4A SB 6G Language focus 2: Past tenses Pages 53-54 1 1 past continuous 2 past perfect 3 past continuous + past simple 4 past simple (x3) 5 past perfect continuous 2 1d 2b 3e 4a Se 3 Ta He read the newspaper during his breakfast, (past continuots) He read the newspaper afier his breakfast. (past perfect) 2a heard about it while T was listening to the news on the radio. (past continuous) 1} Theard about it, and as a result Tlistened to the news on the radio. (past simple) 3a no longer live in Oxford. (past simple) 1b Thad been living in Oxford for six years when ... (past perfect continuous ~ the speaker may or may not live in Oxford now) 4 While can be used in place of wher in 1a and 2a. It emphasizes that the two things happened at the same time, but does not change the meaning. As soon as can be used in place of wher in 1b and 2b. It emphasizes that the action in the main clause happened immediately after the action in the clause introduced by as soon as. 5 aat the end bintheend eat last In sentence b, eventually can be used instead of in the end. 6 1A 2C 3B 4C 5B 6C 7 Bus blush. 1 was travelling 2 were having 3 saw — 4.was sitting Sran sat Thad neverscen 8 smiled 9didn'did not stop 10 (had) got Face paint ALhad been asking 12 agreed 13 were playing 14 fell 15had arranged 16kept 17saw 18 burst 19 discovered 20 had drawn Writing 2: Report Pages 54-55 2 Lays 2alm aims 4terms contains 6 provide 7make 8 onder 3 ‘The report is for the local mayor and is written in an appropriately formal style.4 Cinemas: The condition of the cinemas ereate(s) a bad impression on anyone visiting our town. ‘Theatres ancl concert halls: These offer both resident and tourist a wide variety of plays and concerts but many overseas visitors do not attend shows because of the high prices of tickets ‘Recommendations: One suggestion is for some original version films to be shown particularly for the benefit of English-speaking tourists. The other recommends discounts (on theatre and concert tickets for the many young people who come here to study. 5a recommend + should + infinitive without ¢o suggest + gerund b Possible answers create a bad impression on anyone visiting our town there is not much choice in terms of we are fortunate enough to have offer ... a wide variety of visitors comment on particularly for the benefit of 6 ‘Sample answer |Report about parks and gardens Introduction ‘The aim of this report is to describe what our town offers visitors in terms of parks and gardens. It also ‘makes recommendations for improving these facilities in order to encourage more people to visit the town, Parks ‘This town has an excess of 70,000 habitants, but there are only two quite large parks where people can run and play. In addition, only one of the parks "The ‘Queen's Park’, has sports facilities, for example football, pitch or tennis court. Moreover, both parks, ‘The ‘Queen's Park’ and “The North's Park’, are both in the north of the town, the south only has a small park, Gardens ‘There are some small parks with flowers and trees that they are good for sitting and eating lunch if you are a worker. However, there is nothing in the town centre, ‘where many people are, including business people and tourists. ‘Recommendations 1 suggest puting sports facilities in “The North's Park’ and make another park in the south. [also recommend to have a garden with flowers in the town centre where the people could enjoy and eat their lunch, Richard 191 words Answer key Examiner's comment Content: The report starts well with a clear introduction, However, there is little mention made of visitors. The candidate aims the report at people in general, workers and only briefly mentions tourists. Communicative achievement: Appropriately formal with clear headings. Despite some inadequacies of content, the reader would be sufficiently informed. Organization: The report is clearly divided into appropriate sections. Linking devices are used effectively, e.g. it order 10, in addition, moreover, however. Language: Some awkward use of language, e.. there are only two quite smal! parks, both parks... are otk. There are also some basic errors, misuse of possessive 's, the North's Park, problems with gerunds 1 suggest make (making), recommend to have (having), omission of reflexive pronoun people could enjoy (themselves), use of double subject, that they are good. Some errors with word formation and spelling, but these do not distract the reader, e.g. hhabieants, putting. Suitable use of vocabulary forthe task, e.g. aim, facilites, football pitch, tennis court. Some use of more complex structures, eg. also makes recommendations for improving, in order to encourage more people to vist, suggest putting, but in general the language is very simple. ‘Mark: Pass Review 4 Pages 56-57 Reading and Use of English: Transformations 4 soonas the meeting had 4 not to take him on 2 the time we got to 5 not takeshave/show much 3 eave until he (had) put interest in 6 never read such a funny Correcting mistakes 2 part, As for as 4 ad came, was 3. much, the 3 took to your advice, a Vocabulary: Cinema Least 2role Setitics,reviews 4 plot Reading and Use of English: Word formation 1 to attract new students to the Storytime School of Storytelling 2 Linterested 2 librarians 3 confidence 4 creativity, S fascinating 6 performances 7 surprisingly 8 unlimited/imitless Unit 5 Doing what you have to Reading and Use of English 1: Multiple matching Pages 58-59 2 1 € According to the headteacher, in a busy school piercings ‘present ‘a very real risk of accidents’. I can't see why 2A They didn't let us drink water in the classroom either: [to the end of the paragraph). 251Answer key 3D ... all rules, whatever they are, help 10 . ready for the real world, get children 4 B David doesn't have to wear a te if he doesn't want 10, even though it's part of the uniform. That's just silly, 5. I seems I agreed to all this when I signed the school rules document at the beginning of last term, but I honestly wasn't aware of any ban on tnty metal objects in the nose. 6 B It's very confusing ... Everything was black and white in those days 7A... and sometimes this got in the way of learning, 8 D Discipline there has gone downhill in the last few years land the kids seem to do what they want. 9°C Iwas still furious when they made her take it out and sent her home for the day: they humiliated her in frome of her classmates 10B almost wrote to the school about it, bur my son advised me against i. Language focus 1: Obligation, necessity and permission Page 60 1 a L could (do) $ can (be used) B A couldn't do 3didn't tet us drink 5 cannot be used isn't allowed to wear 9 weren't allowed 10 have © Zhad 1 wear A have to drink 8 made her take 6 doesn't have to wear 10 don’t need to be convinced 2 a a teacher (to students) b one student to another © Must expresses the authority of the speaker, ie. the obligation comes from the teacher and it s the teacher ‘who is imposing the obligation (the speaker's internal obligation), © Have to is used to show that the authority does not come from the speaker but from someone else, ie. the teacher (external obligation). I don't have to/don't need to tidy Do you have to ...2/Must you ..? Last week T had to go Were you allowed to watch ...? Now I have to start But you don't have to You need to prepare ... You really should go/You really must go pewsesenew 1 allowed to drink (let is not possible in the passive) 2 made to take b Lallowed 2 let 3 makesimade 252 5 I should 2rmustn't 3:need 4 don't have to Sought supposed to Thave to 8 better Word formation: -en suffix Page 61 da weaken sweeten deafen fatten brighten widen worsen sadden b Adjective Noun Verb strong strength strengthen Jong length lengthen high height heighten 2 2brighten —-Sswecten 4 deafening S worsened strengths lengthen B heights Reading and Use of English 2: Open cloze Page 62 5 1so 20m 310 4 Although/Though — $ whatiwhich Gnot Tin 8made Listening 1: Multiple choice _ Page 63 2 1A 2¢ 3B 4C 5A 6B 7B Vocabulary: The world of work Page 64 1a 1 be out ofa job 2 look fora job 3 apply fora job 4 g0 for an interview for a job 5 get a job b A made redundant 2a study a career b eam a competition 3 La f0 work part time when you are contracted to work fewer hours than the entire time appropriate, e.g. 21 hours per week (a part-time job) 10 work fulltime — when you are contracted to work the entire time appropriate to that job, e.g. 35 hours per week (a full-time job) 2resigned 3 sacked is not possible isnot possible 2a to work overtime ~ to work supplementary hours for which you are paid extra b 10 work long hours ~ to work for many hours each day 3a to work flexitime to work with a flexible timetable: ‘within limits you decide when you start and when you finish, as long as you work the required total number of hours each ‘month,1b 10 work shifs~ to work for a set period (e.g. 12am to 8am) before other workers replace you for the next set period (e.. 8am to 4pm) 5 chef, hairdresser, surgeon, dustman, hotel receptionist Listening 2: Sentence completion Don’t forget! ‘© You don't need to write more than three words for each. Page 65 © You should write a word or phrase that you actually hear You don't need to rephrase, ‘© Minor spelling errors cart be made, but the words you write need to be recognizable, so you should check your spelling. © You car expect to hear the answers in the same order as the questions. 2 1 academic qualifications 2 people 3 back and legs 4 three 5 four days 6 wear full uniform 7 elderly and disabled 8 evening 9 several hours 10 satisfying 3 get through: pass a test or stage of something goon to do something after you have finished doing something else take up with: [always passive] be busy doing something give over to: [usualy passive] use something for a particular purpose call out: ask a person or organization that provides a service to come and deal with something for you put out ‘make something stop burning, extinguish clear up: make a place tidy Language focus 2: Noun phrases Page 66 1 A workforce 2a series of tests 3 the top of the ladder 4a candidate's back and legs 6 next Friday’s meeting 8.wine boitle 2 5 a Sunday newspaper 7 four weeks’ work start of the day, cups of coffee holiday job, leisure time night shift, month's holiday world of work, waste of time Answer key 5. job opportunities, young person's chances 6 work experience, workplace Writing: Essay 2 8 The writer has dedicated most of the essay tothe first, point: contact with people. Little has been said about working hours and in the last paragraph, the writer has misinterpreted what is meant by your own: idea: the third point in Part 1 Writing questions invites students to write about a third aspect of the essay question. Page 66-67 b The language is repetitive, with the result that some of the writer’s ideas are not expressed very coherently. In the second paragraph alone, rall ro is used four times; there are ‘two more examples in the third paragraph, where workt(ing) all the time is also repeated. © The style is too informal, too conversational for an essay. AS well as contractions (I, can’, it's, etc) there are a number of informal words such as OK, realy, loads of, « bit (lonely) and pretty (boring). Short sentences such as No one else and J think so, anyway are also very conversational and an example of poor organization of ideas. There is evidence of linking, but again this is often informal and limited to if (four times), so (three times), but (owice), anyway (twice) and even OK. 3 fice office thel’s only you there's only you helthy healthy ‘opinions ‘opinions lonley lonely your athome you're at home poeple people intresting, interesting realy. really brakes breaks: 4b Sample answer Often our parents and grandparents say that the life was more difficult before than now. Personally, I think this is true for some things but not for everything. For example, on one side the health of people is better now becuase there are more medicins and hospitals and doctors can get better the people easier. In the past the old people could die from illness which today are not very hard. As well, more children goes to school now ~ before, children started to work with twelve or younger. In some countrys old people cannot | read or write very well becuase they left the school early. On another side, the work is still a problem like it was before, Pethaps itis worse now, becuase the unemployment is high and the young people have problems to find a job. 253Answer key In conclusion, I think life is better for young people now, not harder, becuase they have a better health, they go to the school and if they can become a job then they do not have to work many hours. Mario Prim 178 words | Examiner's comment Content: Adequate coverage of 1 and 2, and candidate has added their own idea, ‘Communicative achievement: There is appropriately formal register and format. Although the target reader would be sufficiently informed, the frequent inaccuracies would create a negative effect. Organization: Has introduction and conclusion, but starts the second paragraph with an example and gives their personal opinion in the introduction. Misuse of linking devices, e.g. on another side, as well, Language: Frequent errors distract the reader, e.g. misuse of definite article the life, the school, the work, on one side, false agreement children goes ¢0 school, confusion with _gerunds and infinitives problemas to find a job, problems ‘with uncountable nouns a better health. At times errors lead to confusion, e.g. doctors can get better the people easier, if they can become a job, very hard (serious). There are thre spelling mistakes, but these do not obscure meaning, becuase, medicins, countrys, Limited use of vocabulary and cohesive devices. Language is simple and contains frequent Mark: Borderline Review 5 Modal verbs 1C 2B 3B 4C 5A 6B 7A 8c Reading and Use of English: Word formation Pages 68-69 A surprisingly 2 supporters 3 responsibility decisions 5 independence 6 development, Tstrengthen 8 heightens Reading and Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze 1B 2A 3C 4A 5B 6C 7D 8D Reading and Use of English: Transformations A would'vdidn't let me watch 2 was made to Baren't we allowed to 4 don’t need to hand S had/d better see 6 are supposed to do Unit 6 Relative relationships Vocabulary 1: Phrasal verbs Page 70 A Romance 1 2e 3a 4b sf 6d 254 2 1 to fall out with somebody 2 to split up with somebody 3 t0 be going out with somebody 4 to get on with somebody 5 to fall for somebody 6 to get over somebody B Family 1. to take care of a child until he or she becomes an adult 2. to change from being a baby or young child to being an older child or adult 3. to tolerate or accept unpleasant behaviour by someone without complaining 4 to criticize someone angrily for doing something wrong 5 to admire and respect someone 6 to make someone disappointed 2 1 to bring somebody up 2 to grow up 3 10 put up with something 4 to tell somebody off 5 10 look up to somebody 6 to let somebody down Listening 1: Multiple matching 1 1C 2B 3F 4H SE Page 71 A, Dand G not used Language focus 1: Defining relative clauses Page 72 1 in the first sentence ~ that in the second sentence — which They cannot be omitted because they are the subject ofthe verb in the relative clause, 2 ‘The money (that/which) we inherited from our grandmother ‘wasn't divided equally between us. Note: In this sentence, the subject of the verb in ialies in the relative clause is we: the underlined relative pronouns are the object of the verb in the relative clause. They ean be omitted 3 ‘The first sentence is more formal. The relative pronoun can. bbe omitted in the second sentence. 4 a where 5 1 wherelin which (formal) 4 that fwhich! ~ ‘Tthatiwhicly ~ bwhy ewhen d whose 2thatiwhich 3 whose 5 wholthat 6 thathwhich 8 whenithatin whieh’ — Reading and Use of English 1: Multiple- choice cloze Page 73 1B 2D 3A 4D SC 6A 7B 8DReading and Use of English 2: Multiple choice Pages 74-75 2 1A 2B 3C 4D 5A 6B Language focus 2: Non-defining relative clauses Page 76 cannot 2 b cannot 3 1 We spent the weekend in York, where my mother was born, 2. My best friend, who always said she wanted to stay single, thas just got married, 3. My oldest sister, whose husband is German, lives in ‘Munich, 4 The best time to visit Iceland is in summer, when the average temperature is around ten degrees. 5. He has to work on Saturdays, which he isn't very happy about. Open cloze: Relative clauses I whichithat/- 2 whichithat 3 wholthat 4 who Swhichithat 6 where 7whose which 9 wholthat 10 when, Page 76 Vocabulary 2: Describing people Page 77 ‘A Personality 1 Positive: sociable, reliable, sincere, cheerful, polite, tolerant, patient, decisive, mature, sensible, adventurous, practical, sensitive Negative: bad-tempered, lazy, selfish, moody, mean 2 n+: unsociable, unadventurous, unselfish, unreliable ins intolerant, insincere, indecisive, insensitive im-: impatient, impolite, impractical, immature different word: mean/generous, cheerful/miserable, sensible! silly or foolish, bad-temperedisweet-tempered or calm, lazy! hard-working, selfish/selfless, moody/even-tempered B Appearance 1 1 *bald 4 well-built 2pierced 3 thinning * We can say he is bald but not he has bald hair: 2a All the adjectives describe weighing too much. Fat has negative connotations in many parts of the world, Answer key Plump is more positive and can mean either weighing a litde too much or can be used as a ‘polite’ way of describing, someone who is fat Overweight is descriptive and of the three, is the most neutral b ‘Thin means having litle fat on the body; it is descriptive and neutral, ‘Slinx means being attractively thin and has positive connotations. ‘Skinny means being unattractively thin and has negative connotations Listening 2: Multiple choice Page 78 1B 2C 3B 4A 5B 6A 7B 8C Language focus 3: Causative passive with have and get Page 78 1a Extraet 4: pierced, done Extract 6: framed b the past participle « Ja = He repaired the car himself b ‘Someone’A mechanie repaired it for him, Ja = He eut his own hair. = Someone’A hairdresser eut it for him, b 2 2 having, shaved 3 have, taken 4 had, filled 5 having, restyled 6 has had, broken Writing: Article _ Page 79 2 The third illustration 3 Paragraph 1: says to metells me (says me), in the end (at, the end) Paragraph 2: fallen (fell), problems don’t (problems they don't), in a better mood (in better mood) Paragraph 3: She is always cheerful (Always she is cheerful) Paragraph 4: so small (such small), look up to (look up at) 4 ‘The first sentence follows on directly from a catchy title. ‘The use of direct speech also adds colour. b The writer plays with the meaning of live up fo and ends by comparing her small size and big influence. 255Answer key 5 a She has a straight back and a determined look on her face. ‘She's always cheerful and I've never seen her in a bad temper... she's nearly half my size and so small that she sometimes wears children's clothes b tuna out, fallen out with, sort... out, look up to © And, So, And although, But despite this, So even though Review 6 Pages 80-81 Relative clauses 1. Lady Gaga, whose real name is Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, was born on March 28 1986, Non-defining (the name itself defines the person) 2. What's the name of the village where you got married? Defining - where cannot be omitted 3. He hasn't given me back the book that I lent him. Defining - that can be omitted 4 She told me that Vasilis had failed his driving test, which didn’t surprise me at al. Non-defining - which refers to the whole clause 5. That song always reminds me of the time when I was ‘working in Brazil Defining - when can be omitted 6 He's the only person in this class whose first name begins with "2. Defining ~ whose cannot be omitted 7 Emma received a phone call from her Managing Director, ‘who had been impressed by her sales performance. Non-defining - she has, we assume, only one ‘Managing Director ‘8 Fow written records have survived so it is a period of, history about which we know very litle, Defining - which cannot be omitted as it follows a preposition. The sentence could be changed to: Few ‘written records have survived 30 itis a period of history which we know very little about In this case, which could be omitted, Vocabulary A Describing people Across Tunsociable 3green 6 generous Sear 9in 10 selfish 11 skinny 12 bad 14 pale Down lun 2cheerful hair 5 mean 10slim A1shy 13 dis T sensible B Phrasal verbs let down 5 get on 2told off 3 brought up 4 looked up 6fell for 7 fallingont 8 got over Reading and Use of English: Transformations 1 to put up with 2. whose example you should 3 of the most sincere 256 4 are having the roof repaired 5 had his tonsils taken out 6 to have it done by Ready for Reading Part 5: Multiple choice 1 ‘The purpose of the text is to give advice to people who go walking in hot weather. You might find it in a specialist ‘magazine for walkers or people who like outdoor activities. 1 could also come from the travel section of a newspaper 2 pump (verb) ~ move liquid or gas in a particular direction, ‘eg. blood around the body Pages 82-83 intake (noun) ~ the amount you eat or drink raging (adjective) ~ very strong or severe swig (noun) ~ a quick drink of a liquid palatable (adjective) ~ having a pleasant or acceptable taste 3 swell (verb) ~ to become bigger blister (noun) ~a swelling on the surface of the skin, which, contains a clear liquid. leak (verb) ~ (in this case) the water gets or enters into your boots rash (noun) — lots of red spots on your skin breeze (noun) ~ a light wind deceptive (adjective) — from the verb ‘deceive’; something ‘which tricks you, which makes you believe something which is not true 4 1A Not stated. The writer says that The majority of ‘mountain rescue statistics are made up front susramer walkers suffering heart attacks but this does not mean that heat is the main cause of heart attacks in general B Not stated. The writer implies merely that if you are not, fit you will suffer the effects of heat even more. © Correct answer. The answer is to keep up your water intake and keep taking regular swigs from your water bottle. D Not stated, 2A Not stated B No. It replaces the body salts lost through sweating, but it doesn't prevent their loss. © No. It is a treatment for diarrhoea, not a prevention. D Correct answer ~ Dioralyte will do the job just as well 3A. Correct answer ~ Extra sweating makes the skin softer ‘and increases the chance of blisters forming, in the same way as when water leaks into your boots and gets to your fet. B No... cool water... reduces swelling and helps comfort.© No. Your boots feel tight because the heat makes your feet swell. It does not mean they are the wrong size. D Not stated, 4A Not stated. The answer, if this does develop, is try and stay cool is a distractor. B The writer says walkers should ideally wear lightweight ‘and loose-futing clothing. He does not suggest that loose fitting clothing is usually very light € Not stated. D Correct answer. Tight clothing ... may even lead to the formation of an irritating rash knovm as ‘prickly heat' on your skin 538 Correct answer. 1's understandable to want to remove any extraneous clothing when i's extremely hot, GA. Not stated. .. a good strong sun crea should therefore be applied is a distractor B Correct answer. .. deceptive. It might not feel so hot, so ‘you probably won't notice the damage being done. © Not stated, harmless and damage are distractors D breeze is not a strong wind. an apparently harmless breeze. Part 6: Gapped text 4 1C 2G 3A 4B SF 6D Pages 84-85 Part 7: Multiple matching How to go about it Possible underlinings Pages 86-87 5. Lead the original version of this story as a child. 6 It shows away of life which unfortunately does not exist now. It reminds me of a.certain period of my life. The story proved to be very educational 9 Children wil find i easier to read than the other books in this selection 10 The beginning of the book gave me ideas for the slart.of amy latest work 3 1A Lordered it om the Internet with the audiobook / The CD arrived first In the end I didn't bother with the book 2 D Stevenson writes with a good deal of humour anyway, something which many aren't expecting when they read the book for the first time. 3B... the great affection with which Mark Twain writes about his protagonists, Tom and his friend Huckleberry Finn, who both come across as cheeky, but likeable rogues. 4a 5 € Ofall the books here that I ead when I was growing up, this was the only one which wasn't adapted or abridged in any way. Answer key 6B ... its sad 10 think that young children cart no longer play lke Tom and his friends, that they no longer have the freedom to go off in search of adventure .. 7 E brings back memories of my teenage years, when I lived ina house on a river bank. 8 A We learnt a lot about how hard life was for the gold prospectors and the girls were motivated to find out 9 © Being more modern than the rest... the language is still fairly accessible for younger readers and there's less danger of them beconsing frustrated with the style. AOE... the first chapter, when Mole first meets Rat, provided the inspiration for the opening of my most recent novel Harvest Mouse. Unit7 Value for money Vocabulary 1: Shopping Page 88 1 Jouroftown 2eomer 3 brands 4 own-brand Sconvenience Grange 7 foodstuffs 8 value Gaisles 10wolley 11 counter 12 checkout 13 till Wcashier 18 receipt Listening 1: Sentence completion Page 89 1 A middle 2an outdoor market 3 children 4 fresh meat $ (dead) animal(s) 6 (the) well-known brands 7 five times 8 bakery/bread 9 smell 10 (things) on impulse Reading and Use of English: Gapped text Pages 90-91 3 1G 2C 3F 4B 5B 6A Language focus 1: Present perfect simple Page 91 2 a4 bl e2 d5 e3 f1 g2 h4 3a Present perfect Past simple vet last summer so far today in September in the last few days ‘wo weeks ago for the last two years before T came here cover the last week ‘on my 10th birthday already ‘when I was younger this month since I got up 257Answer key Vocabulary 2: Paraphrasing and recording Page 92 1 Arid 2put 3for end Sthrough 6 taken Tall Shear 2 Possible answers b I feel they are forcing me to/making me try things on © Tstart sweating 1 g0 to look for my size. © Tdon't care if Took seruffyluntidy f This is sometimes caused byithe fault of the shop's fluorescent lighting Listening 2: Multiple choice 2 1B 2C 3A 4C 5A 6B 7C¢ Page 93 Language focus 2: Expressing preferences Page 93 2 ccome back later than wait paying by cash to to phone him rather than not get Vocabulary 3: Towns and villages Page 94 1 2pedestrian 3flats 4shopping Solfice 6 building Tindustrial 8 housing 2 Positive: lively, bustling, pleasant, picturesque, prosperous, auaint Negative: dull, run-down, shabby, depressing Language focus 3: Present perfect continuous Page 95 2 1a incompleteness - the book is not finished completed action ~ the book is finished 2a repetition ~on a regular basis bb one occasion ~ they are not here now 3 focus on duration ~ the speaker considers all day to be important focus on completed action ~ the finished product rather than the duration is important to the speaker here 4a temporary ~ she is not staying with her on a permanent basis bong term - this is not a temporary arrangement 258 3 1 'vethave just heard 2 have you been kept Swere 6 have you made 7 've/have been saving _ 8 ‘vehave both been working, 9 'velhave already saved 10 have (you) been doing LL vethave been studying 12 failed 3 proposed Writing: Email 1 A.A formal style would be appropriate. The target reader is the director of a school. The style of the language in his email is also formal Pages 96-97 B An informal style would be appropriate. The target reader isa friend. The style of the language in his email is also informal 2 a Yes, itis consistently formal 1b Yes, she mentions cost, shops and proximity to the school. 3a A B less than twenty minutes under thirty minutes four supermarkets five supermarkets within easy walking distance of the school you can cycle to the school b Iplenty/lotsfoads 2 thinking 3 train 4 getftravel Senough 6bivlitle 7thoughif 8 But 9 put 10 wait 4a (Openings and closings: Dear Mr Simpson/Yours sincerely in A; Hi RobiAll the best in B ‘The use of nouns in A (the date of your arrivala wide choice offbecause of its location) compared to verbs in B (when you're coming/plenty of... to choose fromlbeing in the centre) Informal words in B (e.g. Thanksiveallyenormousia lot of) ‘more formal/neutral equivalents in A (Thank you/veryivery largela great deal of) Latinate verb tolerate in A; phrasal verb put up with in B (though note that look forward to in Ais a phrasal verb) b Dashes (I'd definitely recommend the area ~ it's really lively) and exclamation marks (five supermarkets!) are features of informal writing, which appear in B, but not in A. « Use of contractions in B (jou reit'vit'd/fusta'sthere'sican't); no contractions in A Ellipsis (omission of words) in B (() hope this is wseful(1) Can't wait t0 580 you): no elipsis in ASample answer Hello Patrick, ‘twas good to hear from you. You asked me about places to buy things so if I were you, I'd go and look at the shopping centre Amazing Prices. There are a few shops that you could try. ‘The best place to buy your computer equipment is ‘Technology World, where they sell from mobiles to televisions. If you go to the computer part of the shop you'll find everything you need. There are some decent ‘and cheap printers. As for your clothes, go to Old Times, where you'l find old and modern clothes ofall tipes. Go to Modern Clothes and you'll see some affordable and good quality clothes which are quite casual. It’s a shame I couldn't be with you, but I expect I'll see you at summer. Best wishes Lara 135 words Examiner's comment Content: The letter is short and the writer could have added some introductory information in the first paragraph. However, all the questions are answered fully. Communicative achievement: Although the opening comment could have been extended, the conventions of an informal letter are followed. The target reader would be fully informed, Organization: Well organized into paragraphs. Simple cohesive devices used effectively, eg. as for your clothes. Language: Simple and complex grammatical forms used with control and flexibility, and errors do not obscure meaning, eg. they sell from mobiles to televisions, at summer, ‘pes. There is a good range of appropriate expressions for the task, eg. good t0 hear from you, ifT were you, i go, The best place 0 buy, Ifyou go to the computer part of the shop ‘youl find everything you need, which are quite casual, I expect Tl see and the writer shows a good knowledge of vocabulary shopping centre, sell, decent, affordable, shame ‘Mark: Very good pass Review 7 Pages 98-99 Vocabulary: Shopping Drange 3value corner Smeat 6 outoftown Teonvenience Bown-brand 9 brand — 10 goods Reading and Use of English: Open cloze Lis 2than 310 8 rather Awho Sdespite 6 was 7 for Answer key Reading and Use of English: Transformations 1 leande 2 2bandd 3aandf the last time I spake to first time T haver've eaten hhasi’s been playing tennis since ages since he (last) saw/has seen haven'tdhave not been swimming for biggest supermarket I haver've (ever) U 8 Upand away Reading and Use of English 1: Gapped text Pages 100-101 2 roving around, washing, sleeping, and a brief mention of cating (chasing food through the air) 3 Word or phrase Possible student answers (students may use gestures for some items) shortcireuit damage wipes some kind of cloth for washing wwiekier ‘more difficult chopped cut Dictionary definitions short cireult nowt [C) aa bad connection in the wives of a piece of electrical equipment, which prevents the equipment from working short-eireuit verb (T) to make a piece of electrical equipment have a short circuit wipe own [C] 1 small wet cloth used a single time for cleaning something tricky adjective difficult to do chop verb [T] to cut something such as food or wood into pieces 4 1E 2B 3G 4A SF 6D Vocabulary: Sleep Page 101 1a 1 falling b going to sleep: falling asleep, nodding off sleeping: snoozing 2nodding 3 snoozing Additional material Page 204 Aget 2log 3in take Sstay 259Answer key Language focus: The future Page 102 A Making predictions 1 a3 bi2and6 edands Negative forms will probably probably won'tAvill noe may well will won'hvill not might might not could could not (but note that the negative form changes the meaning to ‘certainty’ or “logical impossibility?) “may well not exists, but may well is normally only used in the positive B Other futures 1b 2d 3c 4c Si 6f 7g 8a 9h C Time linkers Abefore 2By 3.until 4soon S when ‘The present simple and present perfect simple are used after the time linkers to refer to the future. D Further practice A Lis going to rain 2 we're going 3 welll have to B takes off Sil get up 6 welll be driving c 7 'm/am seeing or ‘miam going to see 8 will lasts going to last 9 ‘relare only going to sign or ‘relare only signing 10 ‘lhwill have finished or MAwill finish D 1 shall we meet 12 doesn'vdoes not start 13 get 14:41 probably sce Listening 1: Multiple choice Page 103 1A 2B 3C 4A 5B 6C 7B 8B Vocabulary 2: Travel Page 104 ta Tjoumey 2 flight 3ravel mise Stour 6 2 Tholiday campsite 3 stayed 4enjoy 5 time 6 fun Texcursion full Yaway 10 package Listening 2: Multiple matching _ Page 106 1C 2F 3A 4H SE 260 Vocabulary 3: Phrasal verbs Page 106 1 catch on: begin to understand 2 head for: go somewhere 3 come up with: think of 4 turn out; aitend/take part in an event 5 come across: meet (by chance) 6 get about: travel around Word formation: Adjectives Page 107 1 A careful 2healthy 3 additional 4 dangerous Simpatient 6 unpleasant Tattractive 8 industrial 2a and b -ous ful al dangerous careful addtional poisonous peaceful industrial mysterious beautiful original humorous successful financial beneficial ent ant sive impatient unpleasant attractive different ignorant protective apparent tolerant decisive obedient hesitant descriptive Reading and Use of English 2: Word formation Page 107 1 significant 5 impressive 8 appearance 2numerous 3unusual 4 distances 6 environmental 7 inexpensive Writing: Essay 2 Pages108-109 ‘The fact that there are more opportunities to make new friends on a seaside holiday than in the countryside, 3a Secondly, Another positive point is b Without doubs, which, whereas, but, also, therefore, because, In my opinion 4c Sample answer Ha The best way to travel in my area is by car, which. generally has more advantages from using public transport | Firstly, there are not trains and the busses in my area are not often, You can wait thirty minnutes to find a bus. They can be very slow and you can waist a lot of time going to a diferent place. In the car, you can travel more fastly to a variety of places.‘Second point, although busses are not expensive to by Lickets, they are not too clean so it is not nice to sit on them for long time, It is better to go to a place in the car because the car is more plesant, Finally, the busses do not go to many diferent locations and you can have problems to go where you ‘want. In the car you ean decide what ¢o visit in my area. It is not surprising that all of the people in my town use the car to go anywhere, In my opinion, then, the car is the best way to travel in | my area because It saves time, costs cheaply and you can go where you want. Sinan Alpey 196 words Examiner's comment Content: Adequate coverage of 1 and 2 and candidate has added t ‘weak, own idea. However, the introduction is rather ‘Communicative achievement: Register appropriate to the task. The reader would be sufficiently informed; however, the frequent inaccuracies would create a negative elect. Organization: Clear paragraphing. Adequate use of simple linking devices e.g. firstly, although, finaly, in my opinion. Language: Although the frequent errors do not obscure meaning, they do distract the reader, e.g. incorrect prepositions advantages from (of), incorrect verb busses i nny area (don't run very often) are not often, confusion with sgerunds and infinitives problems 10 find (finding), incorrect comparative more fastly (aster), poor expression busses ‘are not expensive to by tickets (bus fares are not expensive), problems with quantifiers ot too (very) clean, go anywhere (everywhere), omission of indefinite article for (a) ong time, ‘There are also many spelling mistakes which have a negative clfect, e.g. minutes, busses, waist, diferent, by, plesant, Some variety of structures, e.g, The best way to travel, although, better 10 go to a place, diferent locations, what to visit, It is not surprising, some more complex collocation you cart waist (waste) a lot of time, a variety of places that, saves time, ‘However, in general the language is simple and contains frequent inaccuracies Mark: Pass Review 8 Pages 110-111 Reading and Use of English: Transformations 1 2a 3f 4b Se 6d are you planning to spendion spending on the point of saying likely to get not be able to stay/keepiremain will probably have died by/may well have died by soon as you come up, Answer key The future Zaway — 3for Abe Qof 101s Smuch 6t0 Ta Swell A not 12 0n Reading and Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze 1D 2B 3A 4B 5C 6B 7D 8A Unit 9 Mystery and imagination Reading and Use of English 1: Multiple choice Pages 112-113 3 1 Laura felt the magnetic pull ofthe ocean beneath the black cliffs, and goose bumps rose on her arms. 2B The tide was in are violent waves splattered the path. More than once, Laura had to leap 10 avoid a drenching. 3D She almost didn't pick it up. The idea of finding a ‘message in a bottle seemed ridiculous, like a joke or something. ... Before she picked it up, she took a good look round in case the person who'd lef it there was hanging around to have a laugh. 4A Since the bottle was shiny and new and had obviously never been in the sea, old sea dogs could be ruled out. S.C She pur down the note while she zipped up her coat and pulled her scarf tighter. 6C What if the writer was someone in real danger? What if she was their only lifeline and she ignored them and walked away? Vocabulary 1: Ways of looking Page 113 fa 1b 2a 3e b 1 peer: look very carefully, difficult to see especially because something is 2. glimpse: see for a moment or nat completely 3 glare: look at someone in a very angry way 2 1 glanced 6 peered 2eaved 3staring 4 glimpse 5 glared Language focus 1: Modal verbs for speculation and deduction Page 114 1 amight have left, might have come can’t have been © must have done 2 heave + past participle (the perfect infinitive without fo) 3 could, may 261Answer key 2d Be da Sf be present, continuous infinitive (be + present participle) without 10 present, infinitive without ro past, perfect infinitive (have + past participle) without to past, (continuous) perfect infinitive without ro past, perfect infinitive without ro menos present, infinitive without ro Listening 1: Multiple choice Pages 114-115 1B 2B 3C 4A 5C 6A 7A Word formation: Adverbs _ Page 115 1 1 nervously 2 usually, extremely 3 regrettably ‘Add -y to the adjective (eg, nervously). This also applies to adjectives ending in (eg. usually) ore (extremely) However, ifthe adjective endings in a consonant + le then omit the final -e and add -y (e.g. regrettably). 2 1 completely, solely 2 simply, gently 3 luckily, extraordinarily 4 scientifically, dramatically 3 Lwholly 2shyly 3 fully 4 publicly 5 truly 4 L Apparently 2 accidentally 3 increasingly originally 5 daily 6 repeatedly 7 carelessly 8 unhealehily Vocabulary 2: Give Page 116 A Phrasal verbs with give 1 give away sive off stop doing something you do regularly allow oneself to be arrested by the police give something (physical) to several people give information to a lot of people give something to a teacher; return au kenange agree to something alter initial resistance B Collocations with give 1A 1d 2¢ 3¢ 4a 5b B le 2d 3f 4a Sb 6c 262 2 a 3 give great pleasure, 4 give a nasty shock b 5 give an impressive performance, 6 give a lengthy speech 1 give one's best regards, 2 give full details Reading and Use of English 2: Open cloze Page 117 Ibe/make 2which 3not 410 Sthan 6 yourself Ton Balthough/though/whilewhilst Listening 2: Sentence completion Page 117 1gohiking 2summer 3 farmers 4 German 8 October eight thousand/8000 7 setting 8 maps S ghost 10 song Language focus 2: Question tags Page 118 1 ‘The subject and the auxiliary verbs in the main clause are repeated in the question tag but the order is reversed, Also, if the verb is affirmative in the main clause, it is negative in the question tag, and vice versa, 2 fa Sentence 1 is a real question, b In sentence 2 the speaker expects agreement. ‘The difference is in the intonation. Rising intonation ( 7”) = real question Falling intonation ( a ) = expecting agreement 3 1doyou 2willyou 3didn'tyou 4ishe Shasn’t he Garen'tE Teant you 8 shall we 4 1. You don’t believe him, do you? ~ 2 You won't let me down, will you? 3 You went away for the weekend, didn't you? ~ 4 He's not playing very well, is he? ~ 5. He's already passed the First exam, hasn't he? ~ 6 Tm right about that, aren't I? 4 7 You can play chess, can't Fou? 8 Let's phone Paul, shall we’Reading and Use of English 3: Multiple matching Pages 118-119 3 1 © Some of the beneficiaries wanted to meet the donor to express their gratitude, 2 A... there was unanimous approval of the intricate sculptures from all those lucky enough to view them ont display. 3D... one national daily, which asked readers to get in contact if they knew who the mystery benefactor was. 4B What surprised them, however, was the huge inerest shown by newspaper and radio journalists. 5.€ There were a number of theories to explain who the donor was and why they might have given the cash ‘aways an elderly person with mo farnity to leave their ‘money to, a criminal wanting to get rid of stolen money ora lottery winner trying to do some good. 6A... the general view was that he or she should remain anonymous. 7D have recently been fortunate enough to come into quite a lot of money .. 8 B ... some residents expressed concern that the scarves right harm the tees and beconte unattractive with the effects of the weather. 9A Each sculpture was carefully and suitably chosen 10D Believing it to be part of a marketing promotion, one beneficiary nearly threw the blank envelope away. Speaking: Collaborative task Page 120 Useful language box Task 1 A fon 2in 3for 4on Sout B Lisi 2wouldn'tit 3do they 4 haven't we 8 shall we Language focus 3: Contrast linkers Page 120 1 Tut 2Despite 3 While (or Although) 4 Although S However 6 inspite Writing: Review ae Abbey Road by The Beatles 3 a Yes, Page 121 Good points: i sill sounds as fresh as when ir was fest released in 1969; Lennon and McCartney, abways a guarantee of quality music; my favourites are the two written by George Harrison; the Liverpool ban’ use of vocal harmony on the album is outstanding, and there's a good mix of fast and slow tracks, with one or two humorous ones as well Answer key Bad points: Ringo’s contribution about the octopus is the weakest; the artwork... is tiny Recommendation: The album has songs to suit every generation, from children to grandparents, so I'd recommend it 10 everyone, b Yes Paragraph 1: Introduction, reasons for buying the download Paragraph 2: Good points Paragraph 3: More good points and one bad point Paragraph 4: Recommendation; concluding sentence, including a bad point © Yes. So, Despite, However, and, as well, but, so, Unfortunately, but a Yes. Vocabulary of musie: eg. album, band, track, drummer, cover, compose, release Adjectives: e.g. classic, seratched, fresh, gentle, outstanding, humorous Structures: e.g, This classic album .. has been in our amily for over forty years; ..0's been played so often that it's too scratched to listen to now it stil sounds as fresh as when it was frst released; he was always a better drummer thar a singer, wasn’t he?; The albuae has songs to suit every generation. € The style is fairly informal, with contractions (i's, shere’s), a dash ( ~ gentle songs of love and hope), exclamation marks (ve still have the cover front the vinyl version!) and the use of direct address (he was always a better drummer than a singer, wasn't he?) ‘The style is appropriate: this is a school’s English-language ‘magazine so the readers will be other students 4 ‘Sample answer Td only been able to play this when I went to my. friend Eli’s house. So when T finally bought my own, console it was the first game I bought, It involves you look after your own dogs, feed them, wash them, take them out for walks, and take them to competitions, Tlike it because if you have a dog, you can learn from this game, as it gives you useful information, Your dogs are given a number of accessories and toys which you can sell in order to buy others you would prefer having. Another way to be able to buy accessories is 10 enter competitions, were you can win money. ‘There's nothing very bad to say about this game, but something that does frustrate me a litte bit is that you can't go to more than 3 competitions in a day think it's a game for all ages, but it will probably appeal more to young people who like animals. You can buy it in any game shop. Elisa Pacheco 172 words 263Answer key Examiner's comment Content: Full coverage ofall information required. Communicative achievement: Lively tone suitable for this type of review. Would inform the target reader, as well as hold their attention. Organization: Well organized, Clear paragraphing. Language: Minor inaccuracies with more complex language, eg. Itiavohes you look (looking) after. One spelling mistake ‘were (where) which does not impede meaning. Good examples of accurate language use in often difficult areas. ‘There is a wide range of simple and complex grammatical forms with control and flexibility, eg. 1d only been able fo play, if you have a dog, you car learn from, dogs are given, in order to, prefer having, frustrate me alittle bit, it will probably appeal more to young people. Many examples of good vocabulary, e.g, console, sell, lok afier, feed them, accessories, 109s, appeal ‘Mark: Very good pass Review 9 Pages 122-123 Vocabulary: Ways of looking tc 2d 30 4f 5a 6b Reading and Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze 1B 2C 3D 4C 5A 6B 7B aD Reading and Use of English: Word formation 2 traditional 6 shortly 3 colourful 7 eventually 1 noisily 5 suspicious evidently 8 mysterious, Reading and Use of English: Transformations might not be playing have given you great pleasure may have given ‘had better givefhand 1 2 3 4 give away a secret would or give a secret away would. 5 6 caught/got/had a brief glimpse Ready for Listening Part 1: Multiple choice 2 Aablowe Pages 124-125 Key words and expressions Tel go really well with a skirt I bought last week, The sleeves area bit short, but if I wear a jacket over it Distractors Cheaper than getting a dress Ie go really well with a skirt I bought last week, 3 1C 2A 3A 4C SB 6B 7C 8B 264 Part 2: Sentence completion 1 Pages 125-126 False: All parts of the listening paper are heard twice. True True False: The maximum number of words you need to write is normally three. False: It is not necessary to rephrase the words you hear. 6 False: You do usually hear the answers in the same order as the questions. 7 False: If you are having difficulty with a question, move quickly onto the next. You may miss later answers if you spend too long on one answer: 8 True: Spelling errors are accepted, but if the word is so badly spelt it is unrecognizable, then it may be marked ‘wrong. 2 Ateahouse 2 several hundred 3 isolated 4 farmers 5 (local) Indians 6 beautiful valley 7 song and dance 8 (groups of) teachers 9 (Welsh) flags 10 chocolate cake Part 3: Multiple matching Page 126 1 Suggested underlining of key words will need a specific qualification to do this job. 1 currently combine work with studying. 1 disagree with the careers advice I have been given, ‘heard about this job from someone in my family. 1 do not really mind what job I do. I think I have the necessary personal qualities, Tam not clever enough for the job I would like to do. Tam studying a relevant subject. eNnoz mo Ome Bo2H 3D 4A SF C,EandGnotused Part 4: Multiple choice 3 C. Underline the whole of the frst sentence. 4 A: Most of the people he works with are below average height. At one metre 84, he is above the average height of ‘one metre 78 for British men, Page 127 B: We are told that he is taller than most, if not all, of the people in his studio, but we do not know if he is taller than ‘most people in his profession, 5 2B 3A 4A 6 2 As Weare only told that tall people come from all over the country to stay in a hotel : Not mentioned, 5B 6B 7¢ 3 Band C are both mentioned as problems but not the biggest.4 B: People who make comments like What's the weather like up there?’ think they are funny, Jenny does not. : Jenny says that many fellow TPC members take offence, but she is used to it now. SA: ‘They stand up straighter as they grown in confidence. No one encourages them to do so. C: Not mentioned, 6 A: Not mentioned. Jenny says ‘Tve never been very good at volleyball, but T always got picked for the university team when I was a student.’ C: Not mentioned. The word ‘job’ is mentioned when she says ‘you can get things off the top shelf that most other people have a job to reach.’ 7A: Not mentioned. Jenny merely compares the GB and Ireland club with those in America, B: No. People decide for themselves if they should join. Unit 10 Nothing but the truth Vocabulary 1: Crime and punishment Page 128 A Crimes and criminals 1 2 shoplifting 3 vandalism 4 drink-driving Sitrafficking 6 internet piracy identity fraud 8 burglary 2 2 shoplifter 3 vandal 4 drink-diver _$ trafficker 6 intemet pirate 7 identity fraudster 8 burglar B Punishment © to acquit someone of all charges (to state officially that someone is not guilty of the crime they were accused of) d tw order someone to pay a £2000 fine (a penalty of £2000 for breaking the law) b to order someone to do 200 hours of comms (instead of going to prison, an offender has to work for the benefit of the community, e.g. picking up litter, cleaning walls of graffiti, ete) € to give someone a two-year prison sentence (to send someone to prison for two years) to sentence someone to life imprisonment (In Britain, the ‘maximum prison sentence) Listening 1: Multiple choice _ Page 129 2 1C 2A 3B 4B 5A 6C 7B Language focus 1: Too and enough Page 129 fa nouns badjectives and adverbs e before d after b the infinitive with to Answer key too quietly for me to not tall enough to aren'tfare not enough eggs for there were too many Reading and Use of English: Multiple choice Page 130-131 1D 2C 3A 4D 5B 6A Vocabulary 2: Paraphrasing and recording Page 132 ta Iblame 2far 3 good 4hourly Sun 6 available Town 8 former 2 Possible answers 1} Concentrated faces make the place feel busy © We always follow the law very closely in our work, d It is not only women who are patient. People are more prepared to talk about their feelings to a Clients do not want to take part She smiles a little. Language focus 2: Passives 1a 1 will nor be accepted 2 could be done 3 nor t0 be overheard Page 133 4 is called away b 10 be, past 2 theclients 3 her staff 1 The agent is obvious (the court officials) so does not need to be mentioned, ‘The agent is not known by the writer, or is not important in this context, 2 A be categorized B will befare going to be installed, has/have been criticized c C were increased, are/have been found, have been contacted, to be made D were fined, was told, wereshad been warned, would he taken, was not turned E_ was being pushed, be attacked, being treated, was sent Writing: Article Pages 134-135 1 1 Personally 2 Astonishingly 3 Sadly 4 Unfortunately/Sadly 5 Curiously 6 Worryingly T interestingly 8 Happily 265Answer key A load of rubbish [this expression can also be used to express disagreement or criticize something] Tim sure the people of Brenton don't drop crisp packets and drink cans on the floor in their own home. © So why do so many think i's acceptable todo so on the streets of our town? But surely they, more than anyone, want a town they can be proud of, don they? 4 Incredibly, Clearly, Unfortunately, surely €¢ So, And, But [Normally, these are used as conjunctions to link two ideas in the same sentence. Here they are used informally at the beginning of a sentence to link the ideas Which follow with those in the previous sentence.] £ But surely they, more than anyone, want a town they can be proud of, don't they? 5 Paragraph 1: A criticism of some of Brenton’s residents and their tendency to drop litter. Paragraph 2: The serious nature of the problem in Brenton, and the impression left on tourists. Paragraph 3: Suggested solutions. Paragraph 4: A criticism of the council and a reason why they should take action. 6 ‘Sample answer Graffiti everywhere! Walls, schools, blocks of flats and offices ~ everywhere in my neighorhood is covered of graffiti. I's as an illness which has caught the buildings. 1s it art? No, it is mostly untidy writing of young people who don’t have nothing better to spend their ‘time, It makes the town to look ugly and seem if | somebody drop a can of paint on the area. When the ‘young people would do it in their own house, their parents would get erazy. So itis difficult to understand ‘why do they do it in the street ‘So what can be done to cure this illness? Obviously, the best thing is catch the people who do this kind of thing and make them to clean the building. In addition, iF1 were the council, I would make a special place, where it is allowed to paint the wall all what you ‘want. Then the people will do graffiti there and not on the buildings. Perhaps they could also do a class of graffiti in order to become better. Then we could admire their work rather than see it like a problem, Klaus Fischer 190 words 266 Examiner's comment Content: Full coverage of the questions. Communicative achievement: The catchy style in which the article is written would hold the reader's attention, The reader would be fully informed; however, the writer has been penalized due to frequent inaccuracies. Organization: ‘The article is clearly divided into appropriate sections, The writer has used rhetorical questions and simple linking devices effectively, e.g. obviously, in addition, perhaps, Language: Although the frequent errors do not obscure ‘meaning, they do distract the reader. Some examples of inaccuracies are incorrect prepositions covered of (in) graffiti, problems with use of passive which has caught the buildings (which the buildings have caught), where (people were allowed) tis allowed 10 paint the wal all what you want (as much as they wanted), incorrect quantifiers don't have nothing (anything), problems with bare infinitive fr makes the town to look ugly (town look), problems with prepositions: and incorrect tenses seem (as) if somebody drop (had dropped), lke (as) a problem, incorrect conditionals Whe Gif) the young people woul do (di) it, problems with indirect, questions wderstand wy do they do (why they do). Des frequent inaceuracies, some complex language is included, e.g. what can be done to cure, if I were the council, I would, make a special place, rather than. ‘The writer also shows a good knowledge of vocabulary, e.g. walls, blocks of flais, neighorhood, illness, untidy, drop a can of paint, cure this iliness, admire ‘Mark: Good pass Listening 2: Multiple matching Page 136 1 to avoid punishment, to spare a friend's feelings to keep secrets, 10 increase a child's power and sense of control 3 1E 2A 3H 4G $C B,DandFnotused Vocabulary 3: Phrasal verbs Page 137 1 show off: behave in a way that is intended to attract people's attention and make them admire you get away with: manage to do something bad without being punished or criticized for it get out of avoid doing something that you should do find out: discover a fact or piece of information, make up: invent an explanation for something, especially in order to avoid being punished come over: visit someone in the place where they are, especially their house run out of use all of something so that you do not hhave any leftLanguage focus Page 137 1 is believed he made up the story about being mugged 2 1 believed to indicate : Passive of reporting verbs are said to be trying is considered to be are thought to use is known to have lied Review 10 Pages 138-139 Phrasal verbs 1 tran 2get 3sort 4find Sfell 6 give 2 1making 2owned 3 taken 4 giving, put _§ bringing 6 Cheer Reading and Use of English: Transformations 1 be kept free of is given a warm ‘was paid (at) an hourly or was paid at the hourly being left on their did notididn't deserve to be not to blame for Reading and Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze 1D 2A 3B 4C SC 6A 7C 8D Unit 11. What on earth’s going on? Vocabulary 1: Weather Page 140 2 Istorm 2rain 3winds 4 sunshine § sea 6clouds 7 showers 4 strongigale-force winds snow showers 2 3 4 angry-looking/thick clouds 5. Heavy/Torrential rain 6 calm sea Listening 1: Sentence completion Page 141 ra 1 twenty-five!25 years 2 farmers 3 Weather Signs 4highhhigher 5 frosty donkeys 7 hills 8 (che) grass 9 redsky 10 heavy rain Answer key Language focus 1: So, neither, nor Page 141 Neither and so are used when something is true for all people referred to in the sentence, [Neither is used with reference to grammatical negatives and ‘so with reference to affirmatives Use the same auxiliary verb (e.g. do, have, will, would) that appears in the main clause (or the verb to be if that is the main verb used). e.g. I'l read the book and so will Rita/but Rita wort. Use do, does or did if no auxiliary verb appears in the main clause. e.g. I went home and so did John/but John didn't 2 1c 2e 3f 4g 5a 6h 7b 8d Reading and Use of English 1: Multiple matching Pages 142-143 3 1C Lcouldn't put the novel down when I was reading it, ‘and the film adaptation gripped me in the same way. 2 A... what impressed me most about this film was the quality of the lead performances. 3 B It's obvious from the start who will fll victim to a twister, and there are no surprises in the central love story, either 4D... the final scene might not be what you're expecting. It certainly dids' tara out the way I thought it would. 5A... it was the positive opinions I'd seen online ... that persuaded me to buy the DVD. 6 C The special effects are so well done, my first impression was that was waiching a real storm. And if I hadn't seen the special features on the DVD afterwards, 1d probably still think they hadn't employed any visual tricks. 7 E 1 always find it works better for me if I watch it during a storm or when it's snowing outside. 8B... unlike in numerous other films ofthis genre which slowly build up to a dramatic climas, they appear from the very beginning. 9 E ... is all good fun, and as Tong as you see it as that and dion’ ook for any deeper message, you should enjoy the fil 10 D ...creating a number of unforgettable, if slightly disagreeable moments, Language focus 2: Conditionals Vand 2 Page 144 Zero conditional The Day after Tomorrow present simple, present simple First conditional Twister present simple, will + infinitive without to Second conditional The Day after Tomorrow past simple, would + infinitive without to 267Answer key ‘Third conditional Twister past perfect, would + perfect infinitive (have + past, participle) without ¢o Mixed conditional The Perfect Storm past perfect, would + infinitive without to 3 Zero conditional: Whenever First conditional: a possible Second conditional: future Third conditional: past Mixed conditional: present 4 The different modal verbs, will, should and might, express different levels of certainty on the part of the speaker. 1 will expresses certainty: the speaker feels certain they will be home by six o'clock. bb should expresses probability: he/she thinks they are likely to be home by six o'clock. © might expresses uncertainty or possibility: he/she is not, certain, but thinks it is possible they will be home by six o'clock. 5 along bproviding condition d unless 6 1 If you'd asked me. 2.... iF Tfind out 3 ... if she hadn't phoned 4 IE T drink 5... Ill never go Conditionals: Expressing regret Page 144 Possible answers 1 1 Thadn't gone skiing, I wouldn't have broken my arm, 2 If Thadn't committed a foul, the referee wouldn't have sent me off 3. IfThadn’t been using my mobile phone, I wouldn't have crashed into a tee, 4 If Thadn't gone out of the room, the cat wouldn't have ‘eaten the fish. 5 IFT'd worked harder, I would have got a better grade. Note: In each of the above sentences, might can substitute would in order to express possibility rather than certainty ‘The negative auxiliaries hadw't and wouldn't are usually stressed but in the affirmative they are usually unstressed. Vocabulary 2: Put 1a Page 145 Lat 2down b 1 putat risk: endanger Btogether 4 with 5 up 2 put down: stop reading. 3. put together: assemble 4 put up with: colerate 8 put your feet up: relax. 268 2 lg 2a 3d 4e Sh 6b 7f 8c 9: 3 aputup bputolf eputon 4 I pressure effort 3 money 4 blame Speaking: Collaborative task Useful language Household waste Page 146 bottle bank plastic containers Dirty streets dropping liter cigarette buts River and sea pollution oll slick dumping waste Traffic pollution biofuel ears exhaust fumes Climate change global warming greenhouse effect, Reading and Use of English 2: Gapped text Pages 146-147 3 1E 2A 3G 4C 5F 6B Reading and Use of English 3: Open cloze Page 148 3 AThisThe order 3if 4 part 5 such Thas 8 without 6 However Writing: Essay Page 148 ‘Sample answer Without doubt, the environment is in danger and all people have a challenge to do something about it, However, even small things that individuals do cant make a difference,Secondly, we should try to recycle as much as we can at home in order to cut down on household waste. For example, if everybody brought their old bottles to a bottle bank instead of dumping them, there would have been less waste in the natural landscape, Finally, individuals need to work together as a team, We should encourage each other to recycle more and conserve energy, and educate in our schools about the importance of taking care of our planet. In conclusion, I disagree with the statement and | believe that individuals can definitely make a difference, If everybody tries a little bit, the result will be effective. Fehér Laszl6 | 183 words Examiner's comment Content: Very good realization of the task: Communicative achievement: Consistently appropriate format and register. The essay would have a positive effect, fn the reader, who would be fully informed, Organization: The article is well-organized with suitable paragraphs and the writer uses linking expressions effectively. Language: High level of accuracy. The writer uses a wide rrange of simple and complex grammatical forms with control and flexibility. Shows a very good knowledge of vocabulary related to the environment, e.g. exhaust fumes, threat, atmosphere, recycle, household waste, bortle bank, dumping, waste, landscape, taking care of Mark: Very good pass Listening 2: Multiple choice Page 149 1C 2A 3C 4B 5C 6B 7A 8A Review 11 Pages 150-151 Vocabulary A Weather 1 1 light rain/winds/showers 3 strong winds 2 2 heavy rain/storm/showers lc 2f 3h 4a Sd 6b Te 8 B Put up 2on 3olf 4on Sup Goff Conditional sentences 1 stays, willl probably prepared 3 wouldn't do, paid wouldn't be 5 willl send, start had novhadn't helped 8 would’d go, had 2 had known, could have 4 had/d taken, would not! 6 would/'d have done, 7 usually works, feed Answer key Reading and Use of English: Part 4 ‘Transformations 1 2 3 4 5 6 Unit 12 Vocabulary 1: Food and drink if Thadn'had not spoken T would notwouldn’t have written not help you unless you as long as you givelhand/send is being put at is nov/isn't calm enough for Looking after yourself Page 152 fussy eater: someone who only eats the food they particularly like and refuses to eat anything else. eat up: eat all of something, leave food on your plate: not eat all of your meal chew: bite food into small pieces swallow: make food or drink go from your mouth, through your throat and into your stomach bolt down: eat food very quickly sip: swallow a drink slowly a bit at a time gulp down: swallow a soft drink: cold, non-alcoholic drink still drink: drink without gas bubbles flzay drink: drink with gas bubbles ‘nk very quickly drink straight from a bottle or a can: drink something. without pouring it out first drink from a glass: drink something having first poured it into a glass Language focus 1: Countable and uncountable nouns A 1 milk U health U feed) Page 152 diet © chicken U, C (for a whole one) chip © chocolate U,C meal € (U = animal pepper € (vegetable), U (spice) spaghetti U cake U, C cheese, toast, cake, chocolate cheese, toast, cake spaghetti" (also plateful) chocolate jam milk “note that spaghett is used with a singular verb in English Listening 1: Multiple matching 2 1B 2E 3H 4F 5C Page 153 A, Dand G not used. 269Answer key Language focus 2: Countable and uncountable nouns B__ Page 153 1 Just a few: followed by a countable noun in the plural = a few glasses (of water) Just alittle: followed by an uncountable noun, = alittle water [By saying Just a fow she really means she wants @ fr. 2 Speaker 1 Speaker 2 dot e little filitle Speaker 3 banylmuch ¢ deal g some/several Ihpiece few jnollitle Kk many Speaker 4 plenty m severalimany —m novfew Speaker § onumber pfew q muchlany Reading and Use of English 1: Multiple matching Pages 154-155 3 1B... his curry is banana-skins curry the skins filling in for what would normally be meat 2D... we also plan to set up a webcams to livestream what ‘we do in the kitchen 3 °C Certainly the figures on waste are a cause for concern 4A And the reason we don't notice it is because that's the way we all cook ~ they simply cook like us, and, indeed, wwe cook like thems 5 E Ata time when we are having to tighten our belts, we ‘could all do with cutting down on the throwaway 6 B ... if he uses one part of a vegetable or fruit, hell use the rest of it elsewhere, as long as it isn’t harmful to healt, 7A... nearly all ofthe chefs waste food. Not consciously, but still they do it 8D ... hell teach kids cooks. He is also targeting slightly older 9A Fused 10 watch and think: could make a dish out of what you are throwing away alone.’ So that's what he started doing. 10 ‘believe in spreading what knowledge I have of my type of low-waste cooking, I don't want to lecture people,” Jordan says. ‘But 1 do want to try and show people there's another way. 270 Language focus 3: Reported speech Page 156 1 ‘The present simple changes to the past simple. ‘The present simple is also possible in the reported version, as the statement ‘he doesn't want to lecture people’ is stil true. oN ‘She said she had seen him twice that day. He told me she had been living there for years. He said he had spoken to her the previous week. a @ He told me he had been working the day before, £ They said they had asked her several times, 3 Direct speech Reported speech b present perfect simple past perfect simple present perfect continuous past perfect continuous past simple past perfect simple past continuous past perfect continuous theouua f past perfect simple 4 Direct speech Reported speech past perfect simple will = would may > might can > could must > — hadto Would, might, could, should reported speech, 5 Direct speech \d ought to do not change in Reported speech two days ago + two days before/earlieripreviously nest month > the following monththe next month tonight => that nightievening this moming > that morning now > then Reading and Use of English 2: Open cloze Page 156 2 Little 2all 3than dat Swhich 6 one/each Tto 8no Language focus 4: Reporting verbs Page 157 2 advise offer (verb + object + infinitive with to) (verb + infinitive with to) onder refuse urge threatenpersuade ask warn “promise tell remind ask encourage recommend (and same patterns as suggest) can also take an object, e.g. He promised me that he would. 3 1 refused to clean her room. 2 reminded him to take his sandwiches a threatened to call the police if T didn't turn my music down 4 warned/advised her not to take the ear out (as/because/ since the roads were very icy) 5 ordereditold him to get out of his office immediately 6 urgediencouragedipersuaded me to report the theft to the police 4 ‘The infinitive with to is not used after suggest. Vocabulary 2: Health matters 1 A 1 heart attack 4 blood pressure B 1 black eye Page 158 2 tooth decay 3 stomach ache 5 car infection 2sore throat 3 stiff neck 4 runny nose 5 sprained ankle 3 Ibandage 2aplaster 3 prescription 4 plaster 5 injection Listening 2: Multiple choice 2 1C 2B 3A 4B Pages 158-159 SA 6C 7A Word formation: Nouns 2 1 Lanalysis 5 advice Page 159 2injury 3 complaints 6 response 4 pressure saying, meeting, building, advertising pressure, departure, pleasure, signature arrival, refusal, survival, approval warmth, depth, truth, growth flight, sight, weight, height friendship, membership, championship, partnership ou kenen Ba 2iloss, solution 3 success 4 choice Gspecch 7 proof 8 belief, belief 5 knowledge Answer key Language focus 5: Reported questions Page 160 1b © auxiliary verbs do, does, did ~ disappear © verb tenses ~'step back’ a tense * word order the same in reported questions as for statements (subject + verb) © yesino questions ~ use ifwhether © punctuation - question marks are not used how long she had been a doctor what had made her decide to enter the medical profession how many patients she saw each day on average ifhwhether her friends often asked her for medlical advice ifwhether she was planning to retire soon Writing: Report 3a Iwell Zhere Sbut 4where SThis 6s THowever 8 which b 1 In the paragraph on running, the writer refers to the promenade. He/She then begins the paragraph on cycling with Cycling is forbidden on the promenade, but ... 2 The writer finishes the paragraph on cyeling by rentioning the views of the sea, He/She then begins the paragraph on eycling with Swinnning in the sea is not recommended, as 4 Cycling your students cart burn a few calories after class. Pages 160-161 ‘with more superb views of the town and the sea. ‘Swimming, there isa lake just outside the rown, which is pleasant 10 sii i and less crowded thars the town's swintmting pool Conclusion your students will be able to do sport and enjoy beautiful Scenery at the same time. 5 | Sample answer | ‘The aim of this report is to tell you the best places to | cat cheaply in my area and say why. [will also say ‘why, in addition to the reasons of cost I think the students will enjoy eating in these places. | Where can you eat cheaply IFT were you, Yd go to the shopping centre out of town, Here are many restaurants from different 271Answer key countries like Italian, Mexico, Chinese, Spanish and also Greece. In addition you eat very well and it is not espensive, you can do shopping or see a film in the cinema which is there. The students will enjoy to see | film after they eat. Furthermore, I recommend you the area next the sea, Here are many good restaurants for eating fish and the prices are affordable. The best restaurant 1s ‘Ocean Blue’ where everything is blue, example chairs, tables, walls ete. The fish is catched local and is delicious. Also, the atmosphere is pleasant, friendly and lively, Conclusions To sum up, the students can eat tasty, delicious and cheap food in the shopping centre and next the sea, Regina 186 words Examiner's comment Content: Full coverage of the information requested. ‘Communicative achievement: Although the report is slightly too informal, the tone is still polite and informative. ‘The reader would be well informed. Organization: The report is clearly divided into appropriate sections. Conventional linking devices are used adequately, eg. in addition, Furthermore, To sum up. Language: A number of errors, but none of which obscures, ‘meaning, omission of there (Here are many restaurants), confusion with gerunds and infinitives enjoy to see, omission of prepositions next (to) the sea, (for) example chairs, inaccurate past participle cached, incorrect word form focal locally), and one spelling mistake espensive. There is an adequate range of appropriate expressions for this type of task, e.g. The aim of this report, Where can you, If I were you, Trecommend. The writer also shows a fairly good knowledge of vocabulary, eg. affordable, pleasant, friendly, lively, tasty, delicious, shopping centre. ‘Mark: Good pass Review 12 Pages 162-163 Reading and Use of English: Word formation 1 wholly 2illnesses 3 choice 4 poverty 5 refusal 6 rising Tunfortunately 8 discourage Reading and Use of English: Transformations haver've lost (some) weight since advised Matt not to go knowledge of English amazes iffwhether she knew how olfered to give Dawn anekune ‘would not be (very) many 272 Collocation revision: Units 1-12 Iclothes 2 musician 3 (tele)phone 4 film. Sjoblwork 6 hair 7 town/neighbourhood/area 8 trip, give 1sentence 11 wind(s) 12 drink Reading and Use of English: Multiple-choice cloze 1C 2B 3A 4€ 5D 6D 7A 8c Ready for Speaking Introduction Pages 164-165 1 Partib Part2d Part3.a Partd c 2 Part 1 No, Certainly, students should avoid trying to give over complicated answers which cause them to become confused and so make unnecessary mistakes. However, very short one-word answers are usually inadequate and do not give the examiners a sufficient sample of language to assess. Students should therefore answer questions with appropriate detail. b No. Long, pre-prepared answers will be interrupted by the interlocutor. As well as sounding unnatural they are often inappropriate to the question asked. Students may practise for this part of the test, but they should not try to prepare and learn long answers ©. Yes, Students will be nervous at the beginning but this part of the test is designed to relax them by asking. {questions on areas whieh are familiar to them, Part 2 ‘a No. Students are not required to describe the photographs in detail. They should compare them and then do the task ‘which is given to them by the interlocutor and reproduced as a direct question above the photographs. 1b Yes, as long as the student has tried to address both parts of the question. It is better to ill the minute and. bbe interrupted than to run out of things to say before the allotted time finishes, ‘© Clearly the student should focus on the instructions that the examiner gives, though exam nerves often cause students to miss part of the instructions and it is perfectly acceptable for students to ask for them to be repeated, However, this is not really necessary as the second part of the interlocutor’s instructions is printed in the form of a question above the photographs. Part 3 @ Good that the student had a lot to say. However, it seems that helshe may not have been respecting the rules of turn-taking, an important aspect of interactive communication. If students are paired with quiet, more reticent candidates, they should invite them to take part in. the discussion by asking questions such as ‘What do you think?’ or What would you do?" Attempts to dominate the conversation will be penalized,b No. As with Part 2, students should use the full amount of time allotted. The purpose is not to complete the task in the shortest time possible: rather, students should bbe aiming to provide enough relevant and appropriate contributions for the examiners to assess their English accurately. Yes. This student and his/her partner have clearly made full use of the time available, Student are not penalized if they fail to reach a decision, as long as it is clear that they are at least trying to do so. Part 4 a Yes. Candidates should certainly be speaking more than, the examiner! The implication here also seems to be that the candidates have been responding to each others’ comments, something which is actively encouraged in Part 4 b No, It is not only what you say but how you say it which is important throughout the exam. ‘Nonsense, you must bbe mad’ sounds rude and is not the best way to disagree ‘with someone in a discussion such as this. Alternative expressions of agreeing and disagreeing are given on page 36 in Unit 3. © No, Students should respond to questions appropriately, and not try to divert the discussion to their favourite topic of conversation, Part 1: Interview Page 165 3 2 Christina has obviously come with a prepared speech. The interlocutor asks where she is from and, having answered the question, she begins to talk about her fa 3. He should develop his answers more, without pausing too much. He does improve by the end of Part 1, when he answers more confidently. Part 2: Talking about photos Page 166 2 1 Christina compares the photographs very well, using. Tanguage such as both pictures and whereas. She addresses the second part of the task well, with a reasonable range of language (get out of the towns or the cities where they live, in the open air, they can be lazy, peaceful) and she successfully corrects herself when she says in a camping and in the nature. Paolo does not actually compare the photographs at the beginning, though when addressing the second part of the task he does say that the people in both pictures are enjoying being with others, His range of language is good, particularly when speculating: they must be enjoying themselves, it looks as if they are in a class, they might be listening to some music, and he successfully corrects himself when he says they are doing progress. Both candidates use fillers. 2 Christina gives a much more complete answer than Paolo, ‘who makes no attempt to fill the 30 seconds he is given for this part, Answer key Part 3: Collaborative task — Page 167 1 Christina asks Paolo questions to encourage him to speak. Which one shall we start with? Is could be good fans, don't you think? Now, what do you think about the concerts? Do you agree? 1 think nearly everyone will like this, don't you? 2 They both agree on the medieval fair. Christina's second choice is the dressing-up activity and Paolo's is the computer exhibition, At the end they are about 10 compromise by choosing the theatrical representations, as long as they are humorous. Note the followi and Christina: First task 1g words and expressions used by Paolo I think it would appeal to all different types of people. it would also attract people of all ages It could be good fi. I think it would bring in lots of families with young children, This would be ideal for people who work near the museum, I think they'd probably be more suitable for adults. nearly everyone would find them enjoyable ‘Second task I think Paolo made a good point earlier that we both agreed that... As I said before swe did oth agree before that Part 4: Further discussion Page 167 2 1a When answering the first rwo questions they do not interact at al, failing to respond to what each other says. Rather than a discussion, there isa series of short monologues. bb They interact mach better inthe second half of Part 4. 2. In the second half Christina helps the interaction by asking questions to involve Paolo: What do you think Paolo? Don't you agree? and Do you really think a robot could do all of our ironing for us? and Paolo responds accordingly. Unit 13. Animal magic Vocabulary 1: The Arts Page 168 1 Lclassical opera 3stone 4 gallery 5 painting 6 novel 273