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NCERT Employment

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48 views4 pages

NCERT Employment

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zainab130831
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oS eval 6.26 cl the problem of Casualisation of th, i \dian Economy has experience¢ ‘Inrecent times, the In © Workt -19! ee blem has only been aggravated by the outbreak em ages csv hy ie u agree with the given statement? Discuss any two disadvan' sare cau sation othe vg, ovo * Sample Paper 2094.55 "Morey i bove statement. a Per 2021.3, ae oie voment is quite appropriate with reference to the ‘casualisation of labour in India, "2p Ans THe thee | workers, the rights of the labour are not properly protected by labour laws, 0 aS ea times, as demand for goods and services fel, the casual workers wes it any compensation or support. a . i eae Ee earaaa ioe milion of casual workers lost theljobs ating the question, ° uvival. Also, adeltionalhealth expenditure added to their troubles. Had such workers beens under the fovmal sector It would have glven them some respite in their dificult times, en ivities, they arenot categorised as workersey.1- “Despit en participation in family farm activities, Dlainyp Q.17. “Despite women particip: (ese 223 sana On ‘Ans. Women participate actively inthe family farm activities, however this participation is not rca. 2 ices and thus are not categorized ag, 242 productive activity. They are not paid wages for their services an lot categorized S Workers @.18. ‘Casual wageworkis the major source of employmentin rural Inia’ Defend or efute the given statenen with valid reason. ; (CBSE, Sample Pope 25 2) Ans. The given statement is refuted. In rural areas, non-farm job opportunities are limited, People, Generally do not show preference to acquire skill and training for non-farm occupation. They prefer to Stay on fay farms and fields as self-employed. © (L) [ambatnes te neenr esr TT Q.1. Who isa worker? Ans. A worker is an individual, who is involved in some productive activity, Q.2. Define worker-population ratio. Ans. Worker-population ratio is the percentage of total population engaged in work. a3. Ans. a4. Q.16. *Patticuly, left job cf toeana living, Are the following workers: a beggar, a thief, a smuggler, a gambler? Why? No they are not workers because they are not doing any productive activity, Find the odd man out: (owner of a saloon; (i) a cobbler; Master; (v) transport operator; (vi) construction worker, ‘Ans. i) and (vi) are odd ones. A cashier in Mother Dairy isa regular salaried employee and construction worker is a casual worker. All others are self-employed. Q.5, The newly emerging jobs are found mostly in the Ans. Service. (ili) a cashier in Mother Dairy; (iv) a tuition sector (service/manufacturing). Q.6. Anestablishment with fourhired workersis knowns (formal/informal) sectorestabishmest ‘Ans. Informal. Q.7. Rajis going to school, Whi him as a worker? Why? Yes, Raj can be considered as a worker, Of gross domestic product (GDP) by re Q.8. Compared to urban women, more ru 'en he is not in school, you wil find him working in his farm. Can you conser ss Ans. A person is a considered as worker if he contributes to the proc ndering his productive activities. So, Raj is a worker. al women are found working. Why? oR id - tha fe Is lower in urban areas than in the rural areas” Explain “i ea {CBSE, 2022 (58/3! “In India, women participation rate arguments, i @ scanned with OKEN Scanner ployment: Growth, Informalisation and other sues are involved in farm and uralwomen at Non-farm a Noe ter hand in urban ares, male workers are oe arm on urban fale general escourage emaes ee e fife, Besides taking ci na is a housewi 1g care of household ween nd operated by her husband, Can she be enue, ° i i ' a ovo whos evolved in the production activity and contest sos Met (GDP is considered asa worker. As Meena works inthe lth shey ee ot os comes and she should be consideredas a worker Howeverinindla such vos eo meted by her f , wa Sea) aie pal SDA Such women workers are neither counted vd he odd man oUt (rickshaw puller who works under a att Fp worker (i) shoeshine boy. «Shoeshine boy isthe odd man out. All others (rickshaw puller, mason and Aas Stow orkers. They fender their services to their employers and in set tie pand shoe shine boy isa sel employed worker and carries out his she works in the cloth shop which fs ae worker? Why? ickshaw owner (il) mason (li) mechanic the mechanic shop worker) are n, get salaries or wages, On the occupation himself, ‘he following table shows distribution of workforce in India for the year 1972-73, Analyse it and gi reasons for the nature of workforce distribution. Youwill notice that the datais pertainin tothe situation inindia 50 years ago! ee ait peices Workforce (in millions) url uc 69 194 ‘Urban 32 ts 39 2 ‘as. The following points can be analysed with the help of given data: «+ More Proportion of Rural Population: The total workforce in India in the year 1972-73 was 233 milion, i out of which major portion 83% (194 milion) belonged to rural population and the rest 17% (39 million) belonged to the urban population. It happened because a majority of rural population was : engaged in agricultural and allied sectors. + More Proportion of Males: Males used to dominate the workforce, in both rural and urban areas. The tural workforce comprises of 125 million males (around 64%) as compared to just 69 million females {around 36%), On the contrast, the urban workforce comprises of about 82% of male workforce and 18% of female workforce. The participation of males was higher due to lack of opportunities available towomen for acquiring education and female members were ‘often confined to household workonly. + More Proportion of Rural Females: Femalesin the rural areas formed 36% ofthe ‘workforceas compared to just 18% females in the urban workforce. Qn, The following table shows the population and worker pop estimate the workforce (urban and total) for India? for India in 1999-2000. Can you ulation re Eanace cas eariien Ee (orci) Ral Loa) eee en {incrores) Rural Yq

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