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Antonio Pigafetta
 Born in Vicenza Italy(around 1491)
 Died:1534
Also known as Antonio Lombardo or Francisco Antonio Pigafetta

Pigafetta, First Voyage Round The World

August 10 1519- Five ships departed from Seville

- The First circumnavigation of the Globe
Five Ships: Trinidad
San Antonio
Conception
Santiago
Victoria(Only ship that was able to return in Spain carrying 18 men
Survivors)

Ferdinand Magellan’s Expedition(1519- 1522)

-aimed to find the Spice Island Moluccas(westward route)
-through this Magellan discover that the World is Round
-to connect the East and West through the sea

-Discovery of The Philippines( the most significant part of the voyage)

-March 16, 1521
-Magellan is a Portuguese Navigator

Juan de Plasencia
 Fray Joan de Puerto Carrero, dej vonvento de Villanueva de la Serena
 Franciscan Missionary
 Franciscan Friar
Plasencia, Customs of the Tagalogs
 Written on the year 1589
Social Classes
 Chieftan
 Nobles
 Commoners
 Slaves
- Houses were made of wood, bamboo, and nipa palm

Government- The unit of government is called Barangay ruled by a Chieftain, and

consist of 30-100 families.
Administration of Justice- the chieftain’s executive function includes implementing
laws, ensuring order and giving protection to his subject.
Inheritance- the 1st son of the barangay chieftain inherits his father’s position;if the
21st son dies, the 2ns son succeeds their father; in the absence of male heirs, it is the
eldest daughter that becomes the chieftain.
Slaves:
1. By captivity in war
2. By reason of debt
3. By inheritance
4. By purchase
5. By committing a crime.

Marriage Customs
Men- monogamous
Wives- asawa
Courtship begin with paninilbihan
1. Bigay kaya( a piece of land or gold)
2. Panghihimuyat(a gift for the brides’s parents)
3. Bigay suso(for bride wet nurse)

Religious Beliefs
They worship many Gods and Godesses
1. Bathala(supreme Being)
2. Idayanale(god of agriculture)
3. Sidarapa, god of death
4. Agni,god of fire
5. Balangaw, god of rainbow
6. Mandarangan, god of war
7. Lalahon, god of harvest
8. Siginarungan, god of hell

Economic Life
Agriculture in plane lands- planting of rice, corn, banana, coconut, sugar canes, and
other kinds of vegetables
Hunting in Highlands- Fishing in river banks and sea, shipbuilding, weaving, poultry,
mining and lumbering.

Language and System of writing

Major Languages are: (originated from the Malayo- polenisian language)
Tagalog Sugbuhanon
Ilocabo Hiligynon
Pangasinan Magindanaw
Pangpangan Samarnon

System of writing: alphabets consisted of 3 vowels and 14 consonants called

Baybayi
Jacinto “kartilya ng Katipunan”
-written on July 7, 1892, in Malolos, Bulacan by Eimilio Jacinto
-was made during the founding of the katipunan in 1892
-the document has 14 paragraphs that contains the values that a katipunero should
have.

Emilio Jacinto Y Dizon

-Alias Pingkain and Dimas ilaw
-The Brain of Katipunan

N. H.I. Documents Of The 1898 Declaration Of Philippine Independence

Independence- proclaimed on June 12
1. Cry of Pamintinan
 April 12, 1895
 Pamintinan cave Montaban, Rizal
2. Cry of Pugadlawin
 August 1896
 Pugad Lawin
3. Araw ng Kalayaan
 June 12, 1898
 Kawit, Cavite
 Official Day of Independence
4. Independence from Japan
 October 14, 1943
5. Republic Day
 July 4, 1946
 Declared in Manila
Philippine Revolution- August 1896- june 12, 1898
K. K.K- Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga anak ng bayan
-founded by Deodato Arellano, Andres Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz, ladislao Diwa, Jose
Dizon and Teodoro Plata
-found on July 7, 1892 and discovered on 1896
-secret society
First president: Deodato Arellano
Biak na Bato
- 2nd revolutionary republican government in the Philippines declared by Emilio
Aguinaldo
-nov 1, 1897- december 14, 1897
-Aguinaldo and his Officers went in exile in Hongkong December 1897

Andres Bonifacio- “The Father of the Philippine Revolution”

- Supreme leader of Katipunan (1895)
Emilio Aguinaldo- Cavite Viejo’s first gobernadorcillo capitan municipal
McCoy Political Car6icatures of the American Era

Caricature- A picture, cartoon, description or imitation of a person in which certain

striking Characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque
effect.
- the use of these cartoons was a subtle way of expressing discontent with
the American rule. The Spanish colonial period in the philippines was characterized
by strict censorship resulting in a lack of political liberty and minimal avenues for
expressing political view.

Commission on Independence, Filipino Grievances Against Governoor Wood- It was

an eye-opener for those who ha been blind by the Regime of untruthfulness

Leonard Wood- Governor General of the Philippines

-Military Governor of Cuba
- He arrived in the Philippinnes in 1903
- Appointes as governor of the Moro(southern Islands and Mindanao)
There are 21 Arbitary/ Usurpation Acts of Wood

Aguinaldo, Mga gunita ng Himagsikan

Emilio Aguinaldo- Was a highly controversial Filipino Revolutionary
-Politician and militsry( the first and the youngest President of te
Phiippines 1899-1901)

Battles Fought - Battle of Imus

- Battle of Binakayan- Dalahican
- Battle of Zapote Bridge
- Battle of Perez Dasmarinas
Tejeros Convention- was a meeting held on March 22, 1897 between katipunan
factions og Magdiwang and Magdalo
Retreat to Montalban- occurred during the philippine Revolution after the 1897
battle of Naic southwest of Cavite when Philippine general Emilio Aguinaldo and his
forces retreated to Purau.
Republic of Biak na Bato and Pact of Biak na Bato
-is a designation refrring to the 2nd revolutionary republican government led by
Eimilio
-the Pact of biak na bato signed on Dec. 15 1897

The flag of the first Philippine Republic was Designed by Emilio Aguinaldo himself.

President Corazon Aquino’s Speech before the U.S congress

-in Feb. 1986 - Coory Aquino ran for the Presedential election, opposing Ferdinand
Mrcos.
- The 11th and first woman President of the Philippines
- The mother of Asian Democracy
-Situation: The Philippines is 7 months free from the martial law era that lasted for
14 yrs
Main Argument
-To declare the Freedom of the Filipinos from the marcos Regime

Raiders of the Sulu Sea

-its a historical- documentary(2008) about the slve- raiding activities perpetrated by
the Balangigi- samal and the ilanum under ddirection of the sultanate of sulu.

3 different Tribes of raiders

- Balangigi - Samal- ethnic group of the Sulu- Mindanao region
-Ilanum- “merciless”
-taosug-The people of sulu or Lupah Sug

Fort Pilar
- was built in the 17th centry for the protection of christian settlers against
moro( local muslims) pirates

3 Kinds of slave- raidng Vessels

- Lanong- The Large Outrigger warships
- Garay- Traditional native warship
- Salisipan- The long and narrow war canoes

Bangsamoro Weaponry
1. Gunong
2. Barong
3. Nawi
4. Kris
5. Kampilan

Works of Luna And Amorsolo

Juan LUna de San Pedro y Novicio

-Filipino painter, Sculptor, and a Political activist of the Philippine Revolution.
-Juan Luna works were created during the late 19th century
Spoliarium- depicts a grim and haunting scene set in ancient Rome.
The Parisian Life- The Map of the Philippines which is the inverted y
Blood Compact- Portays the “ Sandugo”
Battle at Lepanto

Fernando Amorsolo y Cueto

The making of The Philippine Flag- the creation Process of our flag
Planting Rice- Reflects the arrival of the Americans in the Philippines and the artist’s
idealism towards Philippine society
Dalagang bukid- portrays the charm and wholesome of a Dalagang bukid.
Burning of Manila- the destruction and devastation caused by the burning of manila
during world war 2