0
G12
HUMSS
Introduction to World Religions
and Belief Systems
WEEK 6: QUARTER 1
MELC No. HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIb-6.1-4
Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment ToolKit
Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City
Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
1
CapSLET
Introduction to World
Religions and Belief Systems
Subject & Grade IWRBS-
QUARTER 1 WEEK 6 DAY
Level 12 dd/mm/yyyy
CONTENT ISLAM
MOST ESSENTIAL Examine the brief history, core teaching, fundamental beliefs, practices,
LEARNING and related issues of Islam
COMPETENCY
IMPORTANT: Do not write on this material. Write your answers on the Learner’s Activity and Assessment
Sheets provided separately.
KNOW AND UNDERSTAND
CONTENT STANDARD:
The learner demonstrates understanding of the element of Islam:
a.Founder:Prophet Muhammad (570-632 A.D); b. Sacred texts: Qur’an, Hadith; c. Doctrines: Five Pillars of Islam
(Shahadah- declaring there is no other god but Allah and Muhammad is His messenger, Salat- ritual prayer five
times a day, Sawm- fasting during Ramadan, Zakat- Alms giving to the poor, and Hajj- Pilgrim to Mecca at least
once in a lifetime); d. God: Allah; e. Practitioners: Sunni, Shi’ite, Sufi; f. Issues: Gender Inequality, Militant Islam,
CHECKPOINT: How is Islam unique from other forms of religions?
Brief History of Islam
Islam is the second largest religion in the world after Christianity, with about
1.8 billion Muslims worldwide. Although its roots go back further, scholars typically
date the creation of Islam to the 7th century, making it the youngest of the major
world religions. Islam started in Mecca, in modern-day Saudi Arabia, during the time of the
prophet Muhammad’s life. Today, the faith is spreading rapidly throughout the world.
Muslims believe several prophets were sent to teach Allah’s law. They respect some of the
same prophets as Jews and Christians, including Abraham, Moses, Noah and Jesus. Muslims
contend that Muhammad was the final prophet.
Muhammad
The prophet Muhammad, sometimes spelled Mohammed or Mohammad,
was born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in 570 A.D. Muslims believe he was the final
prophet sent by God to reveal their faith to mankind.
According to Islamic texts and tradition, an angel named Gabriel visited
Muhammad in 610 A.D. while he was meditating in a cave. The angel ordered
Muhammad to recite the words of Allah.
Muslims believe that Muhammad continued to receive revelations from Allah throughout the
rest of his life. Starting in about 613, Muhammad began preaching throughout Mecca the
messages he received. He taught that there was no other God but Allah and that Muslims
should devote their lives to this God.
Core Teachings of Islam
Quran
The Quran (sometimes spelled Qur’an or Koran) is considered the most important holy book
among Muslims.
It contains some basic information that is found in the Hebrew Bible as well as revelations that
were given to Muhammad. The text is considered the sacred word of God and super cedes any
previous writings.
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
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Most Muslims believe that Muhammad’s scribes wrote down his words, which became the
Quran. (Muhammad himself was never taught to read or write.)
The book is written with Allah as the first person, speaking through Gabriel to Muhammad. It
contains 114 chapters, which are called surahs.
Scholars believe the Quran was compiled shortly after Muhammad’s death, under the guidance
of Caliph Abu Bakr.
Islamic Calendar
The Islamic calendar, also called the Hijra calendar, is a lunar calendar used in Islamic
religious worship. The calendar began in the year 622 A.D., celebrating the
journey of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina.
The Islamic calendar indicates the proper days of Islamic holidays and
celebrations, including the period of fasting and prayer known as
Ramadan, which occurs during the ninth month of the calendar.
Fundamental Beliefs
Hijra
In 622, Muhammad traveled from Mecca to Medina with his supporters. This journey
became known as the Hijra (also spelled Hegira or Hijrah), and marks the beginning of the
Islamic calendar.
Some seven years later, Muhammad and his many followers returned to Mecca and conquered
the region. He continued to preach until his death in 632.
Abu Bakr
After Muhammad’s passing, Islam began to spread rapidly. A series of leaders, known as
caliphs, became successors to Muhammad. This system of leadership, which was run by a
Muslim ruler, became known as a caliphate.
The first caliph was Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s father-in-law and close friend.
Abu Bakr died about two years after he was elected and was succeeded in 634 by Caliph Umar,
another father-in-law of Muhammad.
Caliphate System
When Umar was assassinated six years after being named caliph, Uthman, Muhammad’s
son-in-law, took the role.
Uthman was also killed, and Ali, Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law, was selected as the next
caliph.
During the reign of the first four caliphs, Arab Muslims conquered large regions in the Middle
East, including Syria, Palestine, Iran and Iraq. Islam also spread throughout areas in Europe,
Africa, and Asia.
The caliphate system lasted for centuries and eventually evolved into the Ottoman Empire,
which controlled large regions in the Middle East from about 1517 until 1917, when World War
I ended the Ottoman reign.
Let us try to answer these questions on the assessment sheets provided.
SAQ1: How did Islam started as a Religion?
SAQ2: Examine Abu Bkr and Caliphate system by explaining its relationship.
Sunnis and Shiites
When Muhammad died, there was debate over who should replace him as leader. This led
to a schism in Islam, and two major sects emerged: the Sunnis and the Shiites.
Sunnis make up nearly 90 percent of Muslims worldwide. They accept that the first four caliphs
were the true successors to Muhammad.
Shiite Muslims believe that only the caliph Ali and his descendants are the real successors to
Muhammad. They deny the legitimacy of the first three caliphs. Today, Shiite Muslims have a
considerable presence in Iran, Iraq and Syria.
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
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Islam Practices
Five Pillars of Islam
Muslims follow five basic pillars that are essential to their faith. These include:
Shahada: to declare one’s faith in God and belief in Muhammad;
Salat: to pray five times a day (at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and evening);
Zakat: to give to those in need; Sawm: to fast during Ramadan; Hajj: to make a pilgrimage to
Mecca at least once during a person’s lifetime if the person is able.
Nikah
SAQ3: How does Islam indicate the time for Ramadan?
SAQ4: What is the most fundamental teaching of Islam that is very essential to their faith?
Most Muslims believe marriage is a fundamental building block of life. Marriage is a contract
between a man and woman to live together as husband and wife. The marriage contract is
called a nikah. In the Qur'an, Muslim men are allowed up to four wives, as long as they can treat
each one equally. This practice is known as polygamy. However, if they cannot treat their wives
equally, Muslim men are advised to have just one wife, and this is the practice in most modern
Islamic societies.
Muslim Prayer
The prophet Muhammad is credited with building the first mosque in the
courtyard of his house in Medina. Mosques today follow some of the same
principles he established in 622 A.D.
Muslim prayer is often conducted in a mosque's large open space or outdoor courtyard. A
mihrab is a decorative feature or niche in the mosque that indicates the direction to Mecca,
and therefore the direction to face during prayer.
Men and women pray separately, and Muslims may visit a mosque five times a day for each
of the prayer sessions. In addition to hosting prayers, mosques often function as public
gathering places and social centers.
Mecca
Mecca, in a desert valley in western Saudi Arabia, is Islam’s holiest city, as it’s the
birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and the faith itself. Only Muslims are
allowed in the city, with millions arriving for the annual Hajj (pilgrimage). Dating from the 7th
century, the central Masjid al-Haram (Sacred Mosque) surrounds the Kaaba, the cloth-covered
cubic structure that’s Islam’s most sacred shrine.
The Mosque
A mosque is a place of worship for Muslims. Any act of worship that follows
the Islamic rules of prayer can be said to create a mosque, whether or not it
takes place in a special building. Informal and open-air places of worship are called musalla,
while mosques used for communal prayer on Fridays are known as jāmiʿ
Related issues of Islam
Islam Today
In recent years, Islam’s supposed association with terrorism and mass murder has sparked
a political debate in many countries. The controversial term “radical Islam” has become a well-
known label to describe the religion’s connection to acts of violence.
While some Muslims use their faith to justify terrorism, the vast majority do not. In fact,
Muslims are frequently victims of violence themselves.
Recent surveys have found that in countries with high Muslim populations, the majority of
Muslims have overwhelmingly negative views of terrorist groups like ISIS.
While Muslims aim to clear up misconceptions about their faith, the religion continues to
spread rapidly. Today, Islam is the world’s fastest growing religion. Experts predict Islam will
surpass Christianity as the largest religion by the end of the century.
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
4
BE ABLE TO DO
Examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices, and related issues of Islam
Let’s Practice!
Task no. 1: STARBURST
Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity)
Directions: Read and understand the text from the checkpoint.
Examine the text very carefully and fill up the necessary inputs on
the edges of the star. Give at least a minimum of 3 inputs per edges.
Task no. 2: Collage Making
Directions: Examine the religion Islam by creating a collage which includes it’s essential
features such as its brief history, core teaching, fundamental beliefs, practices, and related
issue. Then provide a short explanation about the poster made. (Use the assessment/Activity
for your output)
REMEMBER
Key Points
Islam Facts
The word “Islam” means “submission to the will of God.”
Followers of Islam are called Muslims. Muslims are monotheistic and worship one, all-
knowing God, who in Arabic is known as Allah.
Islam teaches that Allah’s word was revealed to the prophet Muhammad through the
angel Gabriel.
Mosques are places where Muslims worship.
Some important Islamic holy places include the Kaaba shrine in Mecca, the Al-Aqsa
mosque in Jerusalem, and the Prophet Muhammad’s mosque in Medina.
The Quran (or Koran) is the major holy text of Islam. The Hadith is another important
book. Muslims also revere some material found in the Judeo-Christian Bible.
Followers worship Allah by praying and reciting the Quran. They believe there will be a
day of judgment, and life after death.
A central idea in Islam is “jihad,” which means “struggle.” While the term has been used
negatively in mainstream culture, Muslims believe it refers to internal and external efforts
to defend their faith.
TRY
Let’s how you have learned today!
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Direction: Read the statement very carefully. Write the letter of your choice on the space
provided before each number.
____1. Ramadan is meant to commemorate what event?
A. the capture of Mecca C. Mohammed's arrival in Medina
B. the birth of Mohammed D. the revelation of the Quran to Mohammed
____2. What are the five categories of the Shariah?
A. Discouraged, Required, Forbidden, Recommended, and Approved
B. Allowed, Required, Forbidden, Approved, and Discouraged
C. Obligatory, Forbidden, Approved, Discouraged, and Recommended
D. Forbidden, Allowed, Obligatory, Recommended, and Discouraged
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
5
____3. According to Islam, Jews and Christians are "People of the Book. “What does this
mean?
A. These religions are guided by holy writings that came from God.
B. These religions believe in storytelling.
C. These religions inspire people to read the same books.
D. These religions worship in similar ways
____4. The word zakat means "purification." According to Islam's Third Pillar of Faith, sharing
one's money or possessions with the needy makes wealth pure. Why is that?
A. It encourages belief in one God. C. It discourages greed.
B. It encourages belief in luck. D. It discourages work.
____5. The difference between Sunni & Shia Islam is:
A. A doctrinal difference on the meaning of Allah
B. A disagreement on the issue of leadership
C. A disagreement about the role of the Prophet Muhammad
D. A disagreement about how battles should be waged
____6. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims do all the following, EXCEPT:
A. Refrain from food and drink from dawn till dusk
B. Refrain from sexual activity for the entire month
C. Refrain from gossiping
D. Give more to charity
____7. In the Islamic tradition, what is a prophet?
A. Someone who founds a new religion
B. Someone who becomes the political leader of a religious community
C. Someone who receives communication or a message from God
D. None of the above
____8. Sunnis and Shias split due to _____
A. Disagreement about the chapters of the Qur’an
B. Disagreement about what kind of clothing women should wear
C. Difference in opinion over who should lead the Muslim community following
Muhammad’s death
D. Difference of opinion where the early Muslim community should make its home
____9. Which of the following is true about the Sunnah?
A. It is the way of life of the prophet Muhammad
B. Muslims can learn about the Sunnah from the hadith literature.
C. It is the mystical tradition of Islam.
D. Both A and B
____10. Which of the following is not an essential part of Islamic belief?
A. The belief in the oneness of God C. The belief in sorcery
B. The belief in the Day of Judgment D. The belief in prophets
Book:
1. Ong, J.A., Jose, MD.dl. ( 2016). Intro. To World Religions and Belief Systems. Quezon City:
REFERENCES Vibal Group, Inc.
Internet Sources:
https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam (Retrieved June 21,2020)
This learning resource contains copyright materials. The use of which has not been specifically authorized
by the copyright owner. We are making this learning resource in our efforts to provide printed and e-copy
Disclaimer learning resources available for the learners in reference to the learning continuity plan for this division
in this time of pandemic. This LR is produced and distributed locally without profit and will be used for
educational purposes only. No malicious infringement is intended by the writer. Credits and respect to the
original creator/owner of the materials found in this learning resource.
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
6
Learner’s Name: ___________________________________________
Grade/Section: ____________________________________________
CapSLET
Learner’s Activity and Assessment Sheets
Subject & Grade IWRBS-
QUARTER 1 WEEK 6 DAY
Level 12 dd/mm/yyyy
CONTENT ISLAM
MOST ESSENTIAL Examine the belief history, core teaching, fundamental beliefs, practices, and
LEARNING relative issues of Islam
COMPETENCY
KNOW AND UNDERSTAND
CONTENT STANDARD:
The learner demonstrates understanding of the element of Islam
CHECKPOINT: How is Islam unique from other forms of religions?
UNDERSTANDING THE ELEMENT OF ISLAM
Let us try to answer these questions. Write your answer on the spaces provided for.
SAQ1: How did Islam started as a Religion?
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
SAQ2: Examine Abu Bkr and Caliphate system by explaining its relationship.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
SAQ3: How does Islam indicate the time of Ramadan?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
SAQ4: What is the most fundamental teaching of Islam that is very essential to their faith?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
SAQ5: How does Islam indicate the time for Ramadan?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
7
BE ABLE TO DO
Performance Standard:
Examine the belief history, core teaching, fundamental beliefs, practices, and relative issues of Islam
Let’s Practice!
Task no. 1: STARBURST
Home – Based LoT (Individual Activity)
Directions: Read and understand the text from the checkpoint. Examine the text very carefully and
fill up the necessary inputs on the edges of the star. Give at least a minimum of 3 inputs per edges.
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
1.
2.
1. 3.
2.
3.
1.
2.
3.
Task no. 2: Collage Making
Directions: Examine the feature of Islam by creating a collage which includes it’s essential
features such as its brief history, core teaching, fundamental beliefs, practices, and
related issue then provide a short explanation about the poster made. (Use
assessment sheets in answering)
Explanation:
Collage:
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
8
TRY
Let’s how you have learned today!
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Direction: Read the statement very carefully. Write the letter of your choice on the space provided
before each number.
______1. Ramadan is meant to commemorate what event?
A. the capture of Mecca C. Mohammed's arrival in Medina
B. the birth of Mohammed D. the revelation of the Quran to Mohammed
______2. What are the five categories of the Shariah?
A. Discouraged, Required, Forbidden, Recommended, and Approved
B. Allowed, Required, Forbidden, Approved, and Discouraged
C. Obligatory, Forbidden, Approved, Discouraged, and Recommended
D. Forbidden, Allowed, Obligatory, Recommended, and Discouraged
______3. According to Islam, Jews and Christians are "People of the Book." What does this mean?
A. These religions are guided by holy writings that came from God.
B. These religions believe in storytelling.
C. These religions inspire people to read the same books.
D. These religions worship in similar ways
______4. The word zakat means "purification." According to Islam's Third Pillar of Faith, sharing
one's money or possessions with the needy makes wealth pure. Why is that?
A. It encourages belief in one God. C. It discourages greed.
B. It encourages belief in luck. D. It discourages work.
______5. The difference between Sunni & Shia Islam is:
A. A doctrinal difference on the meaning of Allah
B. A disagreement on the issue of leadership
C. A disagreement about the role of the Prophet Muhammad
D. A disagreement about how battles should be waged
______6. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims do all the following, EXCEPT:
A. Refrain from food and drink from dawn till dusk
B. Refrain from sexual activity for the entire month
C. Refrain from gossiping
D. Give more to charity
______7. In the Islamic tradition, what is a prophet?
A. Someone who founds a new religion
B. Someone who becomes the political leader of a religious community
C. Someone who receives communication or a message from God
D. None of the above
_______8. Sunnis and Shias split due to a
A. Disagreement about the chapters of the Qur’an
B. Disagreement about what kind of clothing women should wear
C. Difference in opinion over who should lead the Muslim community following
Muhammad’s death
D. Difference of opinion about where the early Muslim community should make its
home
_______9. Which of the following is true about the Sunnah?
A. It is the way of life of the prophet Muhammad
B. Muslims can learn about the Sunnah from the hadith literature.
C. It is the mystical tradition of Islam.
D. Both A and B
_______10. Which of the following is not an essential part of Islamic belief?
A. The belief in the oneness of God
B. The belief in the Day of Judgment
C. The belief in sorcery
D. The belief in prophets
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
9
CapSLET
Learner’s Activity and Assessment Sheets
Subject & Grade IWRBS-
QUARTER 1 WEEK 6 DAY
Level 12 dd/mm/yyyy
CONTENT ISLAM
MOST ESSENTIAL Examine the belief history, core teaching, fundamental beliefs, practices, and
LEARNING relative issues of Islam
COMPETENCY
ANSWER KEY
“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”
Prepared by: Adrienn Earl M. Narzabal (Pasonanca National High School)
