SAMPLE PAPER - 7 Class 09 - Science ‘Time Allowed: 3 hours General Instructions: 1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections. 2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is expected to attempt only one of these questions. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each. . Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these questions should in the range of 30 to 50 words. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these questions should in the range of 50 to 80 words Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to these questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words. 7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-parts. Section A Diethyl ether evaporates faster than ethyl alcohol because of which factor? a) The Vapour pressure of ether is greater than _b) Molar mass of ether is graters than that of that of alcohol ether, ©) vapour pressure of alcohol is greater than 4) Boiling point of ether is higher than that of that of ether alcohol. Animal cell lacking nuclei would also lack in: a) Chromosome b) Endoplasmic Reticulum ©) Ribosome d) Lysosome A ball is thrown up with a velocity of 20 ms“, What is the time of flight, neglecting air resistance? a) 8sec b) L sec ©) 2sec ) 4 sec ‘Which one of the following is broad leaf weed? a) Chenopodium b) Convolvulus ©) Amaranthus 4) Allof these ‘On observing a permanent slide under the microscope a student found the structure without cell-wall. Ithad light [1]and dark bands. The slide could be: an sas a) nerve cell b) striated muscle ©) parenchyma 4) unstriated muscle Silver nitrate solution is used to study a) Mitochondria b) Golgi apparatus ©) Nucleus 4) Endoplasmic reticulum Which of the two statement(s) is/are true? Statement A: Atomic mass of an element is not its actual mass but relative mass. ‘Statement B: With the help of STM, it is possible to take the photograph of some atoms. a) Both A and B ») Statement B ©) Statement A 4) Neither A nor B ‘The number of cellular layers keeps on changing in a) stratified epithelium b) simple squamous epithelium ©) both simple and stratified epithelium 4) glandular epithelium Ifthe earth stops rotating the value of 'g' at the equator will a) none of these b) remain same ©) decrease ) increase If the v-t graph is a straight line inclined to the time axis, then: aazo b) a= constant # 0 ©) aX constant #0 da=o0 How many molecules are present in one gram molecular mass of a substance? ) 6.022 x 1023 molecules ©) Seacaee molecu ) 2.3 atoms 4) 3.012 x 1023 atoms Specimens of plants and animals are preserved in: a) acetone ) methylated spirit ©) ethanol 4) formalin ‘The energy currency of the cell is: a) AMP b) GTP ©) ATP ) ADP ‘The chemical symbol for sodium isa) Sd bK ©) So a) Na ‘Which of the following are chemical changes? a) Melting of ice 'b) The cooking of vegetables. ©) Freezing of water 4) Drying of wet clothes in sun light Kharif season extends from a) April to June b) January to March 6) June to October 4) October to January Assertion (A): If a particle is moving with constant velocity, then the average velocity for any time interval is ‘equal to instantaneous velocity. Reason (R): If average velocity of a particle moving on a straight line is zero for a given time interval, then instantaneous velocity at some instant within this interval may be zero. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct. ——_-b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais tue but R is false. 4) Ais false but R is true. ‘Assertion (A): Evaporation of spirit from the skin make the skin feel cool. Reason (R); It liberates latent heat of vaporisation from the skin. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct. _b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais tue but R is false. 4) Ais false but R is true, Assertion (A): Cells of cork or bark are dead, acts as a protective covering, Reason (R): In leguminous plants, the root nodules harbor nitrogen-fixing bacteria which convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates. a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct _b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but R is false. 4) Ais false but R is true, Assertion (A): The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom. Reason (R): The electrons revolve around the nucleus of the atom, a) Both A and R are trueand R is the correct. —_b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but R is false. 4) Ais false but R is true Section B ‘The velocity of a body moving in a straight line is increased by applying a constant force F, for some distance in [2] the direction of the motion. Prove that the increase in the kinetic energy of the body is equal to the work done by the force on the body. oR Calculate the power of an engine required to lift 10° kg of coal per hour from a mine 360 m deep. (Take g = 10 ms} Define latent heat of vaporization and latent heat of fusion. rea}A boat at anchor is rocked by waves, whose consecutive crests are 100 m apart. IF the wave velocity of moving, crests is 20 ms“, calculate the frequency at which the boat will rock? ‘Alka was making tea in a kettle, Suddenly she felt intense heat from the puff of steam gushing out of the spout [2] of the kettle. She wondered whether the temperature of the steam was higher than that of the water boiling in the kettle, Comment ‘A man throws a ball of mass 0.4 kg vertically upwards with a velocity of 10 m/s. What will be its initial ‘momentum? What would be its momentum at the highest point of its reach? OR Why does a cricket player move his hands backward while catching the ball? Which of the two will be chemically more reactive ; element X with atomic number 16 or element Y with atomic [2] ‘number 17? Section Flash and thunder are produced simultaneously. But thunder is heard a few seconds after the flash is seen, why? ‘On the basis of the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the samples given below identify ithe cation. ii, the pair of isobars, and ii. the pair of isotopes. Sample A B ic D Deduce the following equations of motion: i. S=ut + ($)at® ii, v? =u? + 2a oR ‘A cheetab is the fastest land animal and can achieve a peak velocity of 100 kmh! up to distances less than 500 m If a cheetah spots his prey at a distance of 100 m, what is the minimum time it will take to get its prey ifthe average velocity attained by it is 90 kmh"? AA test tube loaded with lead shots weighs 50 gf and floats upto the mark "X’ in water. The test tube is then made [3] to float alcohol. It is found that 10 gf of lead shots have to be removed, so as to float it to level 'X’. Find RD of alcohol. ‘The velocity-time graph of a ball moving on the surface of floor is shown in the figure. Calculate the force BI acting on the ball, if the mass of the ball is 100 g.roa a Fill in the gaps in the following table illustrating differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell 1. Size. Generally small (1-10 um). 1, Size. Generally large (5 ~ 100 um). 2. Nuclear Region vn and known as —_|2, Nuclear Region. Well defined and surrounded by a ‘nuclearmembrane. '3.Chromosomes. Single 3, Chromosomes. More than one Chromosome 4. Membrane Bound Cell Organelles. Absent. [4 OR Differentiate between chromatin and chromosome. Observe the given below diagram and answer the following questions: SW! i. What does A represent in the given diagram? How does cell 'A' of root hairs cells help in water absorption? fi, How does B in the given diagram help the plants? ili. Out of A, B, and C cells in the above diagram, which cell helps in the closing and opening of the stomata? Write the name of the cell. Section D i. Write the formula to find the magnitude of the gravitational force between the earth and an object onthe [SI earth's surface. fi, Derive how does the value of gravitational force F between two objects change when a. distance between them is reduced to half and ’b, mass of an object is increased four times. oR Derive an expression for the force of attraction between two bodies and then define gravitational constant. ‘What is membrane biogenesis? How is plasma membrane formed during this process? oR Differentiate between i. Cell wall and cell membrane. ii, Nuclear region of a bacterial cell and nuclear region of an animal cell, ili, Prokaryotic cell & eukaryotic cell. i. What factors affect the solubility of solvent and solute?fi, State the differences between compounds and mixtures Section E Read the text carefully and answer the questions: la The tissue is a group of cells having similar origin, structure function. Study of tissues is called Histology. In ‘unicellular organism (Amoeba) single cell performs all basic functions, whereas in multi-cellular organisms (Plants and Animals) shows division of labour as Plant tissue & Animal tissues. Plant tissues are two types: ‘cal Meratem tntercalay Meristem ‘Meristematic & Permanent tissue. “Meristematic tissue: The meristems are the tissues having the power of cell division. It is found on that region of the plant which grows. Following are the types of Meristems: ‘The Apical meristems: It is present at the growing tip of the stem and roots and increases the length. ‘The lateral meristems- It present at the lateral side of stem and root (cambium) and increases the girth. ‘The intercalary meristems- It present at internodes or base of the leaves and increases the length between the nodes. (@ Which tissue help in the secondary growth of the plant? ii) In what region of the plant does intercalary meristematic growth occur? OR ‘Where does meristematic tissue mostly found in a plant? Read the text carefully and answer the questions: ‘The practice of keeping or rearing, caring, and management of honey bee on a large scale for obtaining honey and wax is called apiculture. The place where bees are raised is called an apiary. Bee-keeping requires low investment and generates additional income, hence itis done by farmers along with agriculture. Following are the Honey bee varieties that are used for bee-keeping as follows: [Indigenous varieties Exotic varieties Apis cerana indica (Indian bee) Apis mellifera (Italian bee) ‘Apis dorsata (Rock bee), Apis florae (Little bee) |Apis adamsoni (South African bee) Why bee keeping should be done in good pasturage? Does honey bee help in pollination? Which type of flowers attracts the honey bee? ‘Mention the products obtained from the honey bee. oR, ‘What is the best season to start beehive?Read the text carefully and answer the questions: Sulphur dioxide is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. Its aliquid when under pressure, and it dissolves in ‘water very easily. Sulphur dioxide in the air comes mainly from activities such as the burning of coal and oil at power plants or from copper smelting, In nature, sulphur dioxide can be released into the air from voleanic eruptions. °'SO> is an air pollutant released during the burning of fossil fuels and from automobile exhaust’. (What are the valencies of sulphur in SO and SO3? (ii) Find out the number of molecules in 5 moles of SO>. Gil) Calculate the number of motes in 320 g of SO» gas. OR Calculate the molar mass of 10 moles of sodium sulphite [Given, atomic masses of S = 32 u, O = 16 u, Na = 23 wand Na = 6.022 x 1023 per mol]Solution SAMPLE PAPER - 7 Class 09 - Science Section A (@) The Vapour pressure of ether is greater than that of alcohol Explanation: Being lower vapour pressure ether starts evaporating faster than alcohol. Diethyl ether evaporates faster than that ‘of ethyl alcohol because the vapour pressure of ether is greater than that of alcohol. (4) Chromosome Explanation: An animal cell that does not contain nuclei will also lack chromosomes. Chromosomes are present inside the nucleus of a cell. Chromosomes contain information for the inheritance of features from parents tothe next generation in the form of DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) molecules. (Ase Explanation: Using kinematic equation, v= u +a, when ball reaches to top ofits trajectory its velocity becomes zero. Ball is thrown against gravity of earth, therefore a =~ g, u= 20 m/s, we can find time of ascend as “Time of ascend is same as time of descend = 2 sec. ‘Time of fight = time of ascend + time of descend “Therefore time of flight = 4 sec. (@ Allof these Explanation: Amaranthus, Chenopodium, Convolvulus are all broad-leaf weed. () striated muscle Explanation: Given figure show striated muscle. Striated musclesskeletal muscles/voluntary muscles are cylindrical, un- ‘branched and multinucleated. They have dark bands and ight bands. (©) Golgi apparatus Explanation: Silver nitrate Is an inorganic, ireitant, colourless, water-soluble, poisonous, clear, crystalline compound. It i used in photography and silver plating, Silver nitrate solution i used to study Gola! apparatus. Golg! apparatus isan organelle in ceukaryotlc cells. (@ Both A and B Explanation: The atomic mass of an element isnot its actual mass but relative mass compared to the mass ofa earbon-12 atom, Photographs of some atoms can be taken by using an STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscope), The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a ype of electron microscope that shows three-dimensional Images ofa sample. In the STM, the structure of a surface is studied using a stylus that scans the surface ata fixed distance from it. (@) stratified epithelim Explanation: The stratified epithelium contains more than one layer of cells ie. 2 to 20 or more layers. Skin isan example of stratified epithelium. Stratification of layers prevents wear and tear. The numberof cellular layers keeps on changing in the stratified epithelium. (@) increase Explanation: The valve of 'g will slightly increase because ifthe earth stops rotating then it will be more spherical @azo Explanation: The negative value of acceleration signifies deceleration or in other words, the velocity is decreasing. (@) 6.022 x 10 motecules Explanation: Gram molecular mass is the mass in grams of one mole of a molecular substance. ‘One mole contains 6,022 x 10%? molecules. This is known as the Avogadro number; ‘Therefore, one gram molecular mass of a substance has 6.022 x 1023 molecules.(@ formalin Explanation: Specimen preservation means “longterm preservation of organisms either plant or animal in the best possible condition. So that it can be accessed in the future as a reference collection for scientific purposes”. Formalin i the best preservative for plants and animals. are Explanation: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is called as the energy currency of the cell. The energy produced by a cell during ‘intemal respiration is stored in the form of ATP molecules. ATP breaks into ADP and phosphate to produce energy during cellular processes. (a) Na Explanation: Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and the atomic number is 11 (©) The cooking of vegetables. Explanation: The cooking of vegetables isa chemical change because a new substance is formed having new properties and heat is used to change the state. The cooked vegetable cannot be reversed back asa raw vegetable. (©) June to October Explanation: KKharf crops ae the crops grown in rainy season extending from June to October hence are also called as monsoon crops. These crops are toally rain dependent crops. Kharif crops include paddy, soybean, sugarcane. (©) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A. Explanation: Average velocity Vay — Totabdopacomeat ve _ “Toaleapeeltine” FV = Instantaneous velocity Hence, assertion is correct. Ifa particle i in around trip oma straight line, then average velocity is zero ut at the instant at ‘which the particle reverses its direction of motion, velocity is zero. So, reason is correct, But reason isnot the correct explanation of assertion. (© Ais rue but R is false. Explanation: Evaporation of spit from skin make the skin fee! coo! because It absorbs latent heat of vaporisation from the skin, (b) Both A and R are tre but Ris not the correct explanation of A. Explanation: Cells of cork or bark are dead, compactly arranged without intercellular spaces, and have a chemical called subering in their walls that makes them impervious to gases and water. In this way, it acts as a protective tissue. (b) Both A and R are tue but Ris not the correct explanation of A. Explanation: Both A and R are true but R isnot the correct explanation of A. Section B If a body of mass changes its velocity from "u" to "v" with an acceleration, "a"due to the application of a constant force, " direction of motion, then the displacement ofthe body, "S" is given by v= (u?) + 2as ov z but the work done in changing the velocity ofthe body from u to is ‘Butt is change in kinetic energy Hence verified. OR ‘he work needed in iting a mass m toa height h against de gravitational force. W = mgh Power P= Given : m = 105 kg, g = 10 ms, h = 360 m, t= 1 10 10 360 95 — 0 1 P ‘560022. Latent heat of vaporization is the amount of heat energy thats required to change 1 ofa liquid into gas a atmospheric pressure atitsboling poi, .. without changing is state [Latent heat of fusion isthe amount of heat energy that i equired to change 1 kg ofa solid into liquld at aumospherlc pressure at its melting point, i. without changing its tate 23. Given: Distance between two consecutive eress = Wave lng ‘Wave velocity = 20 ms Using he expression V = vA we have v=%= Boa ‘The temperatute ofboth boling water and steam Is 100°C, bu team has more energy because of atent heat of vapotstion. ‘Latent heat of vapourisation makes it much more hotter than hot boiling water. Here, m= 0.4kg, w= 10 mis Intl momentum ofthe ball = mu = 0.4 x 10 = 4 kg mis At the highest pont, velocity of alls zero, Therefor,the momentum ofthe balla the highest potn of Hight or ‘The player does so as to decrease the rate of change of momentum by Increasing the tle In dong Sothe entire momenta ofthe bulls reduced to zero in long time inerva.n other words, le rate of change of momentum is smal. Asa result according to [Newtons second law of mation, the player has o apply a smal force on the bal.nreacton.he bal also applies les force and the palms ofthe player are not injure. the bal stopped suddenly, then the ene momentum ofthe ball wll be reduced to zero i a very short time which will cause a larger rate of change of momentum resulting in greater action and reaction forces.Thus the palms ofthe player will be hur. . Te electronic configuration ofthe two elements are as follows X(Z=10):K @), LO), MO)= 2.89) ‘Y¥(Z = 17): K(2), L(8), M(7) = (2,8,7) ‘To complete is octet, X wll gan 2 electrons and Y wil gan ony 1 electron, therefore element ¥ willbe more eeaetive than element X. Section © Since speed of thunder (sound) is much less (382 mvs) as compared to speed of flash (light) which is about 8 x 108s therefore light travels faster than sound hence thunder is heard a few seconds after the flash is seen, 1. Sample A has more protons than electrons, Hence ts a cation, 11, Sample B and C have same mass number (Mass number = Number of protons + number of neutrons = 37) but diferent atomic numbers (Le, 18 andl 17respectivey), Hence, they ate a pair of isobar. 4, Samples C and D have same atomic number but different mass numbers. Hence, they area pair a isotope. 29, 1, Consider the linear motion of a body with inital velocity 'w. Let the body accelerate uniformly and acquite a final velocity after time ‘Then, Average velocity of body = ‘The distance covered by the body in time t We know that, v=u ‘at aso Se ne dats Initial valocty + Fan vedoety os = S=ut + Lat? Which is required equation. fi We know that, $= ut + Bata (1) Putting the value of tin (1), we have son 8) + 4)!Speed ofthe cheetah in mstis 90 ms! = Distance ofthe prey = 100 m ‘Therefore time to catch the prey = ets ). Weight of water displaced = 50 gf 34. ‘Weight of alcohol displaced = (50 -10) gf = 40 gf As volume of water displaced = Volume of alcohol displaced tsrigh of cohol diplaced RD of alcohol = WeaTE of equal volume of water diplaned ‘The velocity-time graph shows thatthe velocity ofthe ball att =O, is zero. Initial velocity of ball, u = 0 Velocity of ball att = 4s is 20ms~ ‘That i, final velocity, v = 20 ms! Time, 1= 4s, Acceleration ofthe ball, a Tr . Force acting on the ball, F = ma => P= dhgx Sms? O.5kgms-? = 0.5N [kgs “Therefore the force ating on the ball _[Prokaryotic Celt Eukaryotic Cell 1. Size. Generally small (1 — 10 ym). 1. Size. Generally large (5 ~ 100 ym). 2. Nuclear Region Poorly defined due to absence of nuclear envelope 2. Nuclear Region. Well defined and surrounded by a and known as Nucleoid nuclear membrane. '3.Chromosomes. Single '3.Chromosomes. More than one Chromosome 4, Membrane Bound Cell Organelles. Absent, 4. Membrane bound cell organelles are present. Chromatin Chromosome 1.1U4s the nucleoprotein of chromosomes [1.Thread - lke, stainable, condensed chromatin, ‘which stains strongly with basis dyes and_|visible at cell division and containing hereditary is present inside the nucleus information in the form of genes. 2. Chromatin Fibers are Long and thin, 2. Chromosomes are compact, thick and ribbon- ‘They are uncoiled structures found inside ike. These are coiled structures seen prominently the nucleus. juring cell division, ‘3. Chromatin is unpaired. [3. Chromosome is paired. la. Distinctly visible during cell division 4, Found throughout the cell cycle. ‘metaphase, anaphase) as highly condensed Structures upto several thousand nm. {-In the given diagram of the epidermis, A represents the epidermal cells of the roots bear ong hair-like parts called root hairs. With the help of these cells, root hairs greatly increase the total absorptive surface area and help in water absorption. Ji, B represents the stomata, Stomata are the pores present in the epidermis ofthe leaves. Stomata help in the exchange of gases ‘with the atmosphere during photosynthesis and respiration. Also, the process of transpiration (loss of water in the form of. ‘water vapour) takes place through stomata, Ill. C cell that represents the guard coll. These cells are kidney-shaped that enclose the stomata and thus help in the opening and losing of stomata, Section D |. Formula to find the magnitude of gravitational force: Fe aie ‘where, M = mass of the earthm= mass of the object, R = distance between centres ofthe earth and an object. and universal gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10 N-m?/kg? ia. Let gravitational force be F when the distance between them is R, Fe Se Now, when the distance reduces to half, Mim MGlim = 4p aye G) i.e. the force of gravitation becomes 4 times the original value. . When the mass becomes 4 times, Mtn) p= Sw ar ie. the force of gravitation becomes 4 times the original value. oR ‘Newton's Law of universal gravitation: Everybody in the universe attracts every other body witha force which is directly proportional tothe product oftheir masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Let us consider two bodies A and B of masses m, and m, which are separated by a distance d, ‘Then the force of gravitation (F) acting onthe two bodies is glven by Foe my X Mp nnn) and Foc 2) Combining equations (1) and (2), we wet ‘Where, k= proportionality constant, known as universal gravitational constant, G having value = 6.67 x 10°! Nm? kg?. ‘Therefore, F=G x 2222, whic srequted expression fr force a traction between two bade Here, if the masses m, and my ofthe wo bodes are of 1 kgand the dstance (2) berecen them sm, then puting my = 1k my 1 kg and d~ im nthe above formula, we get Feox4, o-F Definition of the gravitational constant G: Gravitational consan, Gis nomerialy equa othe force of gaitaton which exists between two bodies of unit masses kept ata unit distance from each other: ash —> Smaen GR —> ol pratt ——> Sera, ae 35. “The process of plasma membrane formation is called membrane biogenesis. Following organelles are involved in this process: “The proteins and lipids are first synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, respectively. These are then transported to the Golgi complex for thelr modification. After modification, these are transported to the cell surface through vesicles which bud off from the Golgi complex to fuse with the cell membrane and form a part of the ‘membrane OR | celt wall Cell membrane Its present in bactert, fungi, and plant cells. Ibis absent in 1¢ is present in al cells. animal cells and protozoans. There is no other name of the cell wall The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane or| plasmalemma. The cell wall is completely permeable. The cell membrane is semi-permeable.The cell wall is made up of cellulose. The cell membrane is made up of lipids and proteins. [Nuclear region of bacterial cell Nuclear region of an animal cell ‘Smaller in siz. Larger in size The nuclear membrane Is absent, the nucleolus is absent. The nucleus is regarded as Nuclear membrane with nucleolus the nucteotd. present. _[Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell The sve ofa cals arealy al [ies ofa cals gery oe ear [ememanupem it contains a single chromosome. (Contains more than one chromosome, Membrane-bound cell organelles absent, ‘Membrane-bound cell organelles present 36, i, a. Temperature: For the majority of solutions of solid-in-iquid and liquid-in-liqud types, solubility increases with ‘temperature. However, for solutions of gases-in-water type, solubility decreases with increase in temperature. b. Pressure: Its applicable to gas-liquid solutions. An increase in pressure increases the solubility of a gas. For example, ‘aerated drinks contain carbon dioxide gas under pressure. Mechanical Stirring: Mechanical stirring increases solubility. For example, sugar dissolves faster on stirring with a spoon. 4d. Size of Solute Particles: Smaller the particle size of solute, greater isthe solubility. For example, itis easier to dissolve powdered sugar than granules of sugar. ii, Compounds Compounds are pure substances b. They are made up of two or more elements combined chemically . The constituents of a compound are present ina fixed ratio. 4. Compounds have fixed properties. For example, a particular compound will have fixed temperatures at which it melts ane boils. €. A compound can have properties different from Its constituents, as a new substance is formed when the constituents are ‘chemically combined. £. The constituents of a compound can be separated only by chemical methods. Mixtures a. Mixtures are impure substances. b. They are made up of two or more substances mixed physically. . The constituents of a mixture are present in varying ratios 4, Mixtures do not have fixed properties. Their properties depend on the nature oftheir components and the ratios in which they are combined ¢. In mixtures, no new substance is formed. ‘The properties of a mixture are the same as the properties of its constituents. £. The constituents of a mixture can be separated easily by physical methods. Section E, 37, Read the text carefully and answer the questions: The tissue is @ group of cells having similar origin, structure function. Study of tissues is called Histology. In unicellular ‘organism (Amoeba) single cell performs al basic functions, whereas in mult-cellular organisms (Plants and Animals) shows, division of labour as Plant tissue 8 Animal tissues. Plant tissues are two types: Meristematic & Permanent tissue. ‘Apical Menistem Intercalay Meristem‘Meristematic tissue: The meristems are the tissues having the power of cell division, Its found on that region of the plant which grows. Following are the types of Meristems: ‘The Apical meristems- It is present at the growing tip ofthe stem and roots and increases the length ‘The lateral meristems- It present at the lateral side of stem and root (cambium) ancl increases the girth. ‘The intercalary meristems- It present at internodes or base of the leaves and increases the length between the nades. (1) Cambium tissue help in the secondary growth of the plant. (i) Between mature tissue segments, intercalary meristematic growth occu. OR Meristematic tissues are mostly found at the apices of root and shoot. Readl the text carefully and answer the questions: ‘The practice of keeping or rearing, caring, and management of honey bee on a large scale for obtaining honey and wax is called apiculture. The place where bees are raised is called an aplary. Bee-keeping requires low investment and generates additional Income, hence it is done by farmers along with agriculture Following are the Honey bee varieties that are used for bee-keeping as follows: Indigenous varieties Exotic varieties Apis cerana indica (Indian bee) Apis mellifera (Italian bee) Apis dorsata (Rock bee), Apis florae (Little bee) Apis adamsoni (South African bee) () Bees need quality nectar to produce honey. A good pasturage consists of plenty of flowers that can be used by bees to set quality nectar. This increase the quality as well as the quantity of the bees. If bes are confined to only a single varlety of flowers for nectar honey quality will have a similar taste and consistency. Mast farmers make honey obtained from single nectar. (i) ¥es, honey bee helps in pollination. The bright-coloured flowers attract the honey bee. (ibesides honey, other products of bee-keeping are bee wax, bee venom, propolis, and royal jelly oR Spring season is best to start a echive Read the text carefully and answer the questions: ‘Sulphur dioxide is a colorless gas with a pungent odor. It isa liquid when under pressure, and it dissolves in water very easily. Sulphur dioxide in the air comes mainly from activities such as the buming of coal and cil at power plants or from copper ‘smelting. In nature, sulphur dioxide can be released into the air from volcanic eruptions, $0} Is an alr pollutant released during the burning of fossil fuels and from automobile exhaust. (D Valency of sulphur in SO2= 4 Valency of sulphur in $03 = (5 x Avogadros number = 5 x 6.022 « 102 5 mole of SO2= 3.011 x 10°% molecules (il)Mass = 320 g, Molar mass (m) of S802 =32+2 x 16= 64 gmol ‘Molar mass of 10 moles of NaySO3 = 10[23 x 2+32 +16 x 3]