Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Koronadal City Division
KORONADAL NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
City of Koronadal, South Cotabato

Members:

Joquiño, Marielle B. Luceño, Lawrence Jalandoon, Aj Adrian

Fajarito, Aiah Faith Gutierrez, Gay Marie Villa, Rudale
Fantilanan, Myke Montibon, Jenefer Salimula, Pahima
Andrei Bangon, Sherly Rabina, Mark
Perales, Fermin

Ma’am Enjhel Aliligay

Teacher
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Numerous studies have investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on academic

performance throughout the years. Findings suggest that insufficient sleep in children

can result in concentration difficulties, memory impairment, and diminished cognitive

abilities, all of which can negatively affect their academic achievements.

In one study published in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence, a significant

association was observed between sleep deprivation and lower academic performance,

which included lower grades and test scores. Another study published in the Journal of

School Health revealed that students who reported sleeping less than six hours per

night had a higher probability of receiving lower marks compared to those who slept for

seven or more hours each night.

Research indicates that insufficient sleep is associated with higher levels of

stress, anger, and reduced emotional control. Additionally, it can negatively impact

mood and behavior. Moreover, children with emotional or behavioral difficulties may find

it more challenging to focus on their studies, leading to a further decline in their

academic performance.

In general, the evidence highlights the importance of sufficient sleep for

academic achievement. Children who prioritize healthy sleep habits are more likely to
excel academically, manage stress effectively, and experience enhanced physical and

mental well-being.

Statement of the Problem

The focus lies in examining the impact of sleep deprivation on the academic

performance of Grade 11 students. This issue has gained attention because several

adolescents in this age group are unable to acquire sufficient sleep due to various

factors, such as academic demands, social engagements, and the use of electronic

devices. Sleep deprivation can have adverse effects on students' cognitive abilities,

memory, attention, and overall academic performance. To implement effective

measures to improve students' sleeping habits and academic performance, it is

imperative to understand the extent of the issue and its influence on academic

outcomes.

1. How many hours of sleep do you usually get each night?

2. What academic performance is affected by your sleep habits?

3. How often do you stay up late to complete academic work?

4. Have you noticed any changes in your attention span or memory when you don't

get enough sleep?

Significance of the Study

The study of how lack of sleep affects the academic performance of G11

students is significant for several reasons.

During the G11 stage, students are preparing for college and their future professions.

Insufficient sleep can have a significant impact on their academic performance during

this critical time.

Sleep is essential for maintaining both physical and mental health. Insufficient sleep can

lead to a range of health issues, including impaired memory, reduced concentration,

and decreased cognitive function. Therefore, understanding the effects of sleep

deprivation on academic performance can help identify potential health concerns and

develop preventive strategies.

Furthermore, the research can provide insights into the factors that impact academic

success. For example, it can reveal the correlation between sleep patterns and

academic achievement, enabling parents and educators to develop strategies that

promote healthy sleep habits and improve academic performance.

Lastly, the study can have an impact on the development of policies that promote

healthy sleep practices both at home and in classrooms. By providing policymakers with

evidence-based knowledge about the relationship between sleep and academic

performance, they can create programs that prioritize students' sleep health, leading to

improved academic outcomes and overall well-being.

It aims to benefit the following:

Students: By comprehending how sleep affects academic performance, students can

prioritize their health and well-being and make better decisions regarding their sleep

patterns. Also, they can profit from programs and techniques that enhance the quality of

their sleep, which will ultimately enhance their academic achievement.

Educators: By learning more about the significance of sleep and how it affects kids'

capacity to learn and succeed academically, educators can gain from this research.

This could aid them in creating tactics that are more supportive of student progress.

Parents: Can utilize the research findings to gain a deeper understanding of the

significance of sleep in their children's academic achievement and overall health. This

information can help them make informed decisions regarding their children's schedules

and sleep routines.

Health care providers: Health care providers can use this information to guide their

recommendations and guidance to patients who have trouble falling or staying asleep.

Also, they can utilize the knowledge to find and address sleep-related health problems

that might be affecting a student's academic performance.

Policymakers: They can utilize the findings to create policies that are supported by facts

and are intended to enhance students' academic achievement and sleep health in

classrooms and communities.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The scope of the study on the effects of lack of sleep on the academic

performance of Grade 11 students includes:

1. Examining the relationship between the amount of sleep and academic

performance of Grade 11 students.

2. Identifying the factors that contribute to lack of sleep among Grade 11 students.

3. Assessing the impact of lack of sleep on cognitive functions, such as attention,

memory, and learning abilities.

4. Analyzing the effects of sleep deprivation on the physical and emotional well-

being of Grade 11 students.

5. Providing recommendations for improving the sleep habits and academic

performance of Grade 11 students.

The delimitations of the study include:

1. The study will focus only on Grade 11 students, and the findings may not be

generalizable to other grade levels or age groups.

2. The study will only consider the effects of sleep on academic performance and

will not examine other factors that may affect academic performance, such as

nutrition or exercise.

3. The study will rely on self-reported data from students, which may be subject to

bias or inaccuracies.

4. The study will be limited to a specific geographical location, and the findings may

not be applicable to other regions or cultures.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter comprises the related literature, the studies that may contribute and

be significant to the study, and the definition of terms. These are composed of books,

thesis, and articles from books written by both local and foreign authors and the

internet.

Sleep Deprivation

Sleep is an indivisible part of a person's health as well as human life, which is

critical for learning, mastering, and absorbing including physical and mental health.

Some research stated that insufficient sleep, increased brief or short-term sleep, and

going to sleep late and waking up early may influence the capacity of academic

performance, individual learning, and neural behavior. The study found that poor sleep

quality, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were prevalent among both male and female

students (Jaljali et al., 2020).

This research had been experimented on around twenty-eight thousand

suburban high school students (published earlier this year in the Journal of Youth and

Adolescence) and found that an hour of lost sleep is related to a 38% increased risk of

feeling unhappy and hopeless and the other 58% increase in suicide attempts.

Teenagers with a maximum of six hours of sleep per night are also most likely to

agonize from depression, a 2010 study (Gregoire C., 2015) According to the Children’s
Health Council, “Another study found that high school seniors were three times more

likely to have strong depression symptoms if they had excessive daytime sleepiness.”

(Ain C., 2020)

Some studies have specified that the amount of sleep by individuals described as

delayed or unsuitable sleep, lack of sleep, mostly on weekdays, and daytime

drowsiness is associated with compromised academic performance in both students

and adults. Previous studies have pointed to the connection between delayed starting

times of classes and academic success (Jaljali et al., 2020).

According to Stanford Medicine (2015), “Sleep deprivation increases the

likelihood teens will suffer myriad negative consequences, including an inability to

concentrate, poor grades, drowsy-driving incidents, anxiety, depression, thoughts of

suicide, and even suicide attempts. It’s a problem that knows no economic boundaries.”

Reduced overnight irregular sleep patterns are associated with poorer academic

performance, tough drowsiness, and delayed circadian and sleep/wake to time. The

chances of academic failure were as long as more than a year in students with

insufficient sleep or lack of sleep compared to those with proper sleep (Jaljali et al.,

2020).

According to Ain C. (2020), sleeping after 11 p.m. has become most of the

student's daily routine, especially during weekdays. That these people seem to overlook

the consequences. People or students these days rely on coffee as a solution to their

exhaustion and tiredness. But this actually causes harm, such as addiction to the

substance or a standstill to their development and growth.

 According to Gregoire C. (2015), being sleepless may take a destructive toll on

the mind and body at any phase of human life, from early childhood to older adulthood.

Nevertheless, for teenagers, who wherein at a critical stage of development, skipping

out on sleep can be extremely menacing. "Sleep Deprivation is extremely detrimental at

all stages of life." Dr. Michael Breus a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist, told The

Huffington Post. "In the teen years, when development continues the sleep deprivation

effects of brain and body development are significant."

Factors That Lead Students to Difficulties

Grandner MA. Sleep, Health, and Society. Sleep Med Clin. (2017) Stated

Lifestyle Factors: Lifestyle factors such as stress, alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine intake,

irregular sleep patterns, and lack of physical activity can all contribute to sleep

deprivation.

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

Disorders (2013) Stated Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions such as sleep

apnea, restless leg syndrome, chronic pain, and psychiatric disorders can also cause

sleep deprivation.

Monk TH. Aging human circadian rhythms: conventional wisdom may not always

be right. J Biol Rhythms. (2005) Stated Environmental Factors: Environmental factors

such as noise, light, and temperature can also affect sleep quality and quantity.
 Haneishi E, Nakade M, Konno C, et al. Risk factors for sleep disturbance and

daytime sleepiness in Japanese workers. Sleep Biol Rhythms. (2015) Stated Work-

Related Factors: Working long hours or night shifts can cause sleep deprivation, as can

irregular work schedules.

National Institute on Aging. Aging and Sleep. (2023) Stated Age: Changes in

sleep patterns are a natural part of the aging process, and older adults are more likely

to experience sleep deprivation.

Coping Mechanism of Students

A study published in the Journal of American College Health examined the

coping mechanisms used by undergraduate students to manage sleep deprivation. The

study found that students used a variety of coping mechanisms, including caffeine

consumption, napping, and scheduling their time more efficiently to manage their sleep

deprivation (Curcio et al., 2006).

Another study published in the Journal of Sleep Research examined the coping

mechanisms used by medical students to manage sleep deprivation during their clinical

rotations. The study found that medical students used a range of coping strategies,

including using caffeine, taking short naps, and adjusting their sleep schedule to

manage their sleep deprivation (Kassab et al., 2015).

A study published in the Journal of Sleep Research and Management explored

the effectiveness of different coping mechanisms used by college students to manage

sleep deprivation. The study found that students who used relaxation techniques, such

as deep breathing or meditation, had better sleep quality than those who did not use

any coping mechanisms (Haack et al., 2016).

 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Case study through the use of Google forms.

Locale of the Study

This study will be conducted through online social platforms which will serve as

the medium for distributing online survey (Google) forms and physically either at the

convenience of our homes or within the vicinity of KNCHS at Koronadal City, South

Cotabato 9506—both of which are considered alternatively according to date.

Figure 1. Map of KNCHS

Participants of the Study

The subjects will be chosen randomly across grade 11 students of Koronadal

National Comprehensive High School (KNCHS) of various strands may it be from

HUMSS, STEM, ABM, ICT or TVL; whereas such students’ homes, history, background

and origin are also varied and unknown as well as their identities’ exposure, optional.

Sampling Technique

Random sampling

Research Instrument/ Instrumentation

A questionnaire is provided and seeks to evaluate each student’s sleeping habits

and experiences as to how this method of having a rest is affected by academic

requirements through briefly answerable questions with both multiple choices and drop-

down answers as well as a free-writing blank requiring a short answer from their

observation of their own self.

Data Gathering Procedure

Asks the subject about his/her sleeping habits as well as gives them the freedom

to express how they think the lack of this affects their ability to feel well and perform

properly in class, which also raises and/or serves as a green light reminder for them and

gives an opportunity to improve and help provide a solution by first being able to gain or

improve self-awareness.
Data Analysis

The collective answers given by the student subjects will be subject to calculation

through percentages per group according to each views and perspectives by manual

tallying as well as noting of opinions.

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the analysis of data we collected to provide answers to the

specific questions taken from the Statement of the problem.

The purpose of this study is to know and analyze the experiences, difficulties,

and the coping mechanism of students that are experiencing lack of sleep.

Table 1 shows how many hours of sleep the students get and what are the

consequences they get from lack of sleep.

Table 1: Summary of students’ who aren’t getting enough sleep and what

difference they feel.

THEMATIC MEANING EMERGENT THEME

STATEMENTS

P1. Usually mga five to four The participant is saying Used to

hours everyday, every night. that even though he/she
isn’t getting enough sleep it
Some- Kay pila ko naman sya
ka tuig na himo, daw tung first doesn’t affect him/her at all.
nga... first month or first week
 ko nga kulang sa tulog uhm...
kasagsagan sang pandemic
medyo na bag-ohan ko, pero
tung medyo nasanay na ang
lawas ko kag ga-iba man abi
ang routine pag syempre kulang
sa tulog. So, medyo nasanay na.
Wala man sang masyado
difference.
P2. Each night? Sige each night The participant is stating Can’t Focus
I guess ano... maagahan na abi that with enough sleep
ko asta mag aga. Estimated I he/she can excel, but
guess three hours.
without a proper night sleep
Ahh, yes. Ahh, kung maka he/she is just blank minded.
tulog ko I guess mas maka
focus ko, pero kung ano... kung
wala ko tulog wala na gid like
lutang gid, lutang gid ko and
also nakasanayan ko na siguro.
Maka focus man ko pero kis-a
na lang like kung mag istorya
friends ko like ga joke na lang
ko, tas ang joke ko biskan hindi
karadlawan gakadlaw na lang
sila kay lutang-lutang na ko.
P3. Each night? Actually The participant is stating Can’t Focus
depende sya pero usually... that without a full night
usually wala gid ko ga tulog sleep he/she doesn’t have
Yes. Yeah, kay wala na ko gana the energy to listen to class.
mamati sa classroom, instead of But sometimes he/she don’t
listening nagatulog na lang ko sleep at all.
sa room.
P4. Hmm... Depende pero... The participant states that Confused
four hours. Four to five. without a full night sleep
he/she do things that aren’t
Yes. Naga ano sya... uhm..
hindi na ko same sa dati ko nga to him/her.
self, may mga time nga gahimo
ko sang mga bagay nga wala ko
gina himo before.
P5. Two to four. The participant is stating Used to
that even though he/she
No. Wala, daw usual lang abi. don’t get a full night sleep
it’s perfectly normal.
P6. 6 Hours The participant said that Becomes angry
 without a full night sleep
Oo init-init ulo ko sina he/she has a short temper
P7. Mga 5 Hours guro The participant states that if Becomes angry
he/she doesn’t get a full
Ano Change of mood amu lang night sleep he/she is going
to
to have mood swings.
P8. Waay gid ko ga tulog so let The participant is stating Can’t focus
say mga 4 Hours that without a full night of
sleep his/her decision
Yes, well first of all lack of
focus mo imo nga decision making skills is getting
making ma impaired may brain impaired.
fog ka mostly
P9. Usually around 2 to 3 The participant said that Can’t focus
hours lang gid he/she is only getting
around 2-3 hours of sleep
Yes, di ko ka focus sa class
and states that he/she
and matulugan ko
cannot focus on his/her
class.
P10. Mga ano uhm mga 3 The participant said that he Becomes angry
hours siguro becomes hot headed when
he/she don’t get a full night
Ano lang ga dasig lang init ka
sleep.
ulo ko amo lang na tapos tuyo.

As seen in table 1, there are various feelings and side effects of that the students have

encountered when they don’t get a full night sleep. But can’t focus and becomes angry are the

most common answer. This shows that the respondents are well aware of the positive and

negative effects of not getting enough sleep each night. The result implied that the respondents

who aren’t getting enough sleep can’t focus inside the classrooms.
 Table 2 presents the summary of the difficulties the students face academically because

of lack of sleep.

Table 2: Summary of the difficulties the students face academically because of lack of

sleep.

THEMATIC STATEMENTS MEANING EMERGENT THEME

P1. Daw indi man kay ang The participant states that It Not Affected
pagpulaw ko abi uhm... rason doesn’t affect his/her studies
man sya ngaa ga kwan gyapon because the reason he/she
ko sa academic. I mean stays up late is because of
academic ang rason kung ngaa school works.
ko ga pulaw.
P2. Yes. Ahh, in a way that The participant states that it Can’t Focus
nga... sa paraan nga for affects his/her performance in
example kapoy-kapoy na gid, the classroom because she
exhausted na gid ko, hindi na can’t focus at all.
ko kaayo maka focus sa klase
and also gina himo ko na lang
sina is... kung hindi ki na gid
ma... hindi na ko ka focus sa
teacher ma-ask na lang ko sa
friends ko, and also kung hindi
man nila gets ang lesson, hindi
ko man ma-gets ang lesson.
P3. Hmm. Kay... for example The participant states that it Can’t partake in activities
nagaklase sila and wala na ko affects his/her performance in
naka recite because natulog na the classroom because
lang ko. So maka affect gid sya. he/she can’t partake in the
recitations.
P4. Yes. Kay kis-a sa sobrahan The participants states that it Memory Lost
ko ka-tuyo, malipatan ko na affects his/her memory
himuon ang mga assignments because sometimes he/she
namon amo na, tas hindi ko na forgets the things she was
sya mapasa. supposed to be doing, and
he/she can’t pass that certain
task.
P5. Daw wala. No explanation None
 P6. Oo dahil like ano abi The participant states that it Memory Lost
makalimot abi ko kada mag affect his/her studies because
subra ko kulng tulog malimtan when he/she stay up too late,
ko tanan nga gina studies ko all of the things he/she studied
he/she forgets.
P7. Sometimes kay hindi ka The participant said that in Can’t focus
kaayo maka focus sa lesson affects him/her sometimes
kung wala ka kaayo sleep because he/she can’t focus on
the lesson in the classroom if
he/she doesn’t get enough
sleep.
P8. Well yes pero daw na sanay The participant said that it Used to
nako affects him/her but they
eventually got used to it
P9. Oo, pero daw di ko ma The participant said it affected Affected
explain in what way him/her but he/she didn’t
provide any explanations
P10. Yes, kay like matuyo ko sa The participant states that it Can’t focus
klase and mag quiz wala ko ma affects his/her performance in
ans class because when he/she
don’t get a full night sleep
he/she will get sleepy and
class and wouldn’t be able to
answer the test.

As show in table 2, most of the difficulties the respondents face is that they can’t focus

on their class because they don’t get enough sleep. Some students can fight the sleepiness

they’re feeling during class, but most of the students we interviewed just sleep. Some students

are even experiencing memory lost because of not getting enough sleep, then there are some

students who got used to not getting enough sleep but still being productive.

Table 3 present the summary of how the students deal with their sleepiness during

class.

Table 3: Summary of how the students deal with their sleepiness during class.
 THEMATIC STATEMENTS MEANING EMERGENT THEME

Ga ano, ga tulog, ga kaon. The participant states that Self-Care and Fulfillment of
he/she just sleeps or eat Basic Needs
when feeling sleepy in
class.
I guess gina try ko nga i-distract The participant states that Active Engagement and
sarili ko like for example gina he/she tries to distract Preventing Sleepiness
click ko ang ballpen, ga his/herself so that he
drawing ko, and also gina try ko wouldn’t fall asleep.
like for example may rubber
band sa kamot ko gina flick ko
sya in order to mabalik ang
akon nga focus.
Gatulog. The participant states that Disengagement and Lack
he/she just sleeps. of Interest
Gina tampa ko ang akon nga The participant is stating Extreme Measures for
sarili. that she slaps his/herself Alertness
just to keep his/herself
awake.
Matulog gid, wala na sang iban The participant states that Self-Care and Fulfillment of
kay daw wala man sila labot sa he/she just sleeps because Basic Needs
amon. the teacher doesn’t seem to
care about them.
Ga inom ko tubig or mag kaon The participant states that Self-Care and Fulfillment of
ko biskwit he/she drinks water or eat Basic Needs
biscuits to keep his/herself
awake.
Mag tulog kay usually di mona The participant states that Self-Care and Fulfillment of
ma iwasan and magkaon kag he/she sleeps because it Basic Needs
mag inom water cannot be avoided but
sometimes he/she just drink
water and eat.
either gina try ko eh hide or ma The participant is stating Inevitability of Sleepiness
tulog ko kay hindi ko gid that sometimes he/she
makaya hides his/her sleepiness but
most of the time he/she just
sleeps because it can’t be
helped.
 Matulog gid The participant states that Disengagement and Lack
he/she just sleeps. of Interest
Gina kusi ko self ko para di The participant states that Extreme Measures for
matuyo he/she pinches his/herself Alertness
so that he/she wouldn’t fall
asleep.

As shown in table 3, the most common coping mechanism that the students used

Self-Care and Fulfillment of Basic Needs which means they were either sleeping, eating

foods, or drinking water during class so that they wouldn’t fall asleep. According to them

sleeping for at least 30 minutes in class could refresh them, and drinking water and

eating foods such as biscuits help them prevent from falling back to sleep again.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary and Insights

This section presents the summary and insights of the study which aimed to

analyze the experiences, difficulties and coping mechanism of students who are not
getting enough sleep. It includes the purpose, methodology, results, and reflection of

the study.

Summary

Findings suggest that insufficient sleep in children can result in concentration difficulties,

memory impairment, and diminished cognitive abilities, all of which can negatively affect their

academic achievements.

In one study published in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence, a significant association

was observed between sleep deprivation and lower academic performance, which included lower

grades and test scores.

Statement of the Problem The focus lies in examining the impact of sleep deprivation on the

academic performance of Grade 11 students. Sleep deprivation can have adverse effects on

students` cognitive abilities, memory, attention, and overall academic performance.

To implement effective measures to improve students' sleeping habits and academic

performance, it is imperative to understand the extent of the issue and its influence on academic

outcomes.

Therefore, understanding the effects of sleep deprivation on academic performance can help

identify potential health concerns and develop preventive strategies.

By providing policymakers with evidence-based knowledge about the relationship between

sleep and academic performance, they can create programs that prioritize students' sleep health,

leading to improved academic outcomes and overall well-being.

 Parents: Can utilize the research findings to gain a deeper understanding of the significance

of sleep in their children's academic achievement and overall health. Analyzing the effects of sleep

deprivation on the physical and emotional well-being of Grade 11 students.

Providing recommendations for improving the sleep habits and academic performance of

Grade 11 students. The study will only consider the effects of sleep on academic performance and

will not examine other factors that may affect academic performance, such as nutrition or exercise.

REFERENCE

Jaljali et al., 2020

Gregoire C., 2015

Ain C., 2020

Grandner MA. Sleep, Health, and Society. Sleep Med Clin. (2017)

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2013)

Monk TH. Aging human circadian rhythms: conventional wisdom may not always be right. J Biol

Rhythms. (2005)

Haneishi E, Nakade M, Konno C, et al. Risk factors for sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness in

Japanese workers. Sleep Biol Rhythms. (2015)

National Institute on Aging. Aging and Sleep. (2023)

Curcio et al., 2006

Kassab et al., 2015

Haack et al., 2016