MODULE 4
REVIEW – N1
to read books
Why do people in English
study English? to sing songs
in English
to watch
to make
movies
to make to travel new friends
more around to access
to be
money the world the Internet
bilingual
to relax
to study Why do
to go people travel?
shopping
to see
their families
to spend to seek to learn
time with friends for work other cultures
Why do people
do Pilates?
to have
more energy
to build
to lose
toned muscles
to stay weight
healthy to improve to change
posture their bodies
Use an infinitive verb to say why
INFINITIVE someone does something.
• I took a shower to relax.
• She worked to make money.
• Infinitive = to + base verb
Other examples: to eat; to make; to dance, etc.
• It is not conjugated
• it is not in any tense
Example
You go to the library to read.
Example
Pedro goes running to be healthy.
Example
I am baking a cake to celebrate
my son’s birthday.
IT’S + ADJECTIVE + TO
• It’s important to study English.
• It’s good to have money.
• It’s easy to cook rice.
• It’s necessary to make reservations.
My father is going to buy sunscreen to protect himself against the sun.
The teacher wants to get a toothpaste to brush his teeth.
My neighbor bought a new swimsuit to go to the beach in it.
Cattie needs to go to the grocery store to buy some food.
What is it?
How many different ways can you
make the suggestion Take a flashlight? • You should...
• Take...
take a • Don’t forget to...
• Why don’t you...?
• It’s a good idea to...
• You need to...
• You could...
• Do you want to...?
Complete the chart
A laptop Sandals
A flashlight makeup pajamas
Insect repellent A toothbrush food
A ball sunscreen
makeup A tent A pair of scissors
A laptop A flashlight Sunglasses
What things should you pack for ...
a trip to the beach?
a business trip?
a camping trip?
Is it ...
necessary a visa to travel to the U.S?
important to study English?
necessary a passport to go to Bolivia?
PERSONAL ANSWER: You should take PERSONAL ANSWER: You need your ID,
sunscreen, sunglasses, a beach chair etc. flight ticket, a suitcase etc.
PARTS OF A HOUSE
BEDROOM
What’s your favorite
part of the house?
BATHROOM
KITCHEN LIVING ROOM
LIVING ROOM KITCHEN
BEDROOM BATHROOM
THINGS AT HOME LIVING ROOM
TV
What things can
you find in a living
room?
RUG
SOFA
LIVING ROOM
LAMP
TV
SOFA
ARMCHAIR
CUSHIONS
COFFEE TABLE
THINGS AT HOME BEDROOM
What things can
you find in a
bedroom?
BEDROOM
CURTAINS
LAMP
PILLOW
BLANKET
NIGHTSTAND
THINGS AT HOME BATHROOM
SHOWE
SINK
R
What things can you
find in a bathroom?
TOILET
BATHTUB
BATHROOM
MIRROR
SHOWER
SINK
BATHTUB TOILET
THINGS AT HOME KITCHEN
MICROWAVE
What things can you
find in a kitchen?
FRIDGE
STOVE
KITCHEN
MICROWAVE CABINETS
STOVE FAUCET FRIDGE
BLENDER
FREEZER
OVEN
What furniture do you have in your ...
Furniture
living room?
kitchen?
appliences
Bedroom?
ONE & ONES to avoid unnecessary
unnecessaryrepetition.
repetition
⮚ ONE (SINGULAR)
- I don’t know which rug I liked, the yellow one or the red one. ONE = RUG
⮚ ONES (PLURAL)
- Which glasses do you prefer? The blue or the purple ones?
ONES = GLASSES
Example
Which watch do you like?
The orange one or the blue one ?
ONE =
WATCH
- I like the blue one.
Example
Which pants do you like?
ONES = PANTS
- I like the yellow ones.
What is an
adjective? person
place
• Adjectives are words that describe
describe a noun. thing
• They answer questions like “What kind?”, “What Color?”
describe a noun
ADJECTIVES
person, place, thing
Example
adjective
- I have a small
small car. car = noun (thing)
describes the size
describe a noun
ADJECTIVES
person, place, thing
Example
adjective
wonderful
- Brazil is wonderful. Brazil = noun (country)
describes an opinion
describe a pronoun
ADJECTIVES
Example
adjective
- She is intelligent.
intelligent She = pronoun
describes an opinion
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
1. Opinion ugly, pretty, good
2. Size big, small, large
3. Age old, new, young
4. Shape round, square, oval
5. Color black, blue, pink
6. Nationality / Origin Brazilian, British, Chinese
7. Material plastic, wood, iron
8. Purpose riding, cleaning
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
Example
• My mother bought a beautiful pink leather bag.
opinion color material
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
Example
• My uncle has a charming little yellow cat.
opinion size color
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
Example
• My sister has a little plastic guitar.
size material
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES
Example
• I like the green plastic comb
color material
Exercise 01
Number the category of each adjective in the sentences.
1 OPINION 2 SIZE 3 AGE 4 SHAPE 5 COLOR 6 ORIGIN 7 MATERIAL
a. I have a cheap new square clock.
______________________________________
1 3 4
b. My wife has an expensive long Italian dress.
______________________________________
1 2 6
c. I have a round black plastic table.
______________________________________
4 5 7
Round Shape
Oval
Square Triangular
Rectangular
Wooden Material Silk
Cotton
Wool
Sounds
- This book
book is my book,
book not your book.
book repetitive
Sounds
- This book is mine, not yours.
more natural
subject adjective possessive
I MY My t-shirt. MINE This t-shirt is mine.
YOU YOUR Your book. YOURS This book is yours.
HE HIS His car. HIS This car is his.
SHE HER Her keys. HERS Those keys are hers.
IT ITS Its bone. ---* We don’t use “its” as a possessive.
WE OUR Our house. OURS This house is ours.
YOU YOUR Your shoes. YOURS Those shoes are yours.
THEY THEIR Their pens. THEIRS Those pens are theirs.
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS substitute a noun
avoid repetition
Example
adjective pronoun
my
This is_____wallet.
mine
This wallet is_____. possessive pronoun
⮚ It comes at the end of the sentence.
ADJECTIVE PRONOUN X POSSESSIVE PRONOUN
This is _____
your pencil case.
This pencil case is ______.
yours
WHOSE Used to ask about possesions
possesionsand
andbelongings
belongings
⮚ WHOSE + NOUN + IS THIS? (SINGULAR)
A Whose eraser is this?
B This is mine.
⮚ WHOSE + NOUN + ARE THESE? (PLURAL)
A Whose sunglasses are these?
B These are hers.
Example
Whose laptop is this?
It is mine.
SUBJECT PRONOUNS REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
I myself
You (singular) yourself
He himself
She herself
It itself
You (plural) yourselves
We ourselves
They themselves
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
• I hurt myself
myself when I was cooking.
Subject Reflexive pronoun
We use a reflexive pronouns when we want to refer back
to the subject of the sentence.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
• I cleaned the room by myself.
myself
Subject Reflexive pronoun
We can use the preposition BY to emphasize that the
subject of the verb did something alone.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
herself
She is looking at __________.
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
Larry fell and hurt __________.
himself
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
themselves
They cooked lunch all by ____________.
3. Complete the charts.
My Myself
Yours Yourself
His Himself
Hers Herself
Its Itself
Ours Ourselves
Theirs Themselves
SIMPLE PAST Use simple past for completed
actions in the past.
Examples
I went to school yesterday.
I saw a movie last weekend.
My brother played video games in the morning.
SIMPLE PAST
• You went to school yesterday.
+ AFFIRMATIVE
• You played volleyball last weekend.
• You didn’t go to school yesterday.
- NEGATIVE
• You didn’t play volleyball last weekend.
• Did you go to school yesterday?
? INTERROGATIVE
• Did you play volleyball last weekend?
SIMPLE PAST
⮚ We often use the past simple with time expressions:
yesterday last week two years ago
• Did you go to school yesterday? ?
• I traveled to the USA two years ago. +
• I didn’t clean the house last week. -
SIMPLE PAST REGULAR VERBS
+
• I loved his new movie.
ADD
• We watched TV two days ago.
• He studied all night yesterday. D
ED
• They chatted online last week. IED
Did you ...
have any car accident last year?
buy your father a cellphone?
study for your test Yesterday?
SIMPLE PAST
BASE FORM PAST SPELLING
WATCH watched add - ed
PLAY played
LIVE lived add - d
DANCE danced
STOP stopped one vowel + one
consonant
= double consonant.
STUDY studied consonant + y > ied
+ IRREGULAR VERBS
buy have
bought
make go
had made went
take meet
see met do
took did
saw
write
think wrote
read wear eat
read thought wore
ate
PAST CONTINUOUS Use the past continuous to set the
background for a story or tell about events
in progress in the past.
The past continuous: SUBJECT+ WAS/WERE + VERB+ ING +
I was working a lot at 8pm.
The past continuous: SUBJECT+ WASN’T/WEREN’T + VERB ING -
We weren’t working at 6 pm.
The past continuous: WAS/ WERE + SUBJECT + VERB+ ING ?
Were you chatting with your friends during the test?
What were you ...
doing last night?
doing at 5 o’clock Yesterday?
Where were you yesterday mornig?
SIMPLE PAST & PAST CONTINUOUS
For longer actions we use the Past Continuous and for short,
completed actions we use the Simple Past
What were you doing when Jennifer arrived?.
PAST CONTINUOUS SIMPLE PAST
When Jennifer arrived, I was cooking.
SIMPLE PAST PAST CONTINUOUS
I wasn’t watching soccer on TV when Jenniver arrived.
PAST CONTINUOUS SIMPLE PAST
SIMPLE PAST X PAST CONTINUOUS
Simple Past
Used to talk about the shorter, completed event.
Subject + Verb in the past
I danced. I fell.
He spilled. We broke.
She damaged. She watched.
They worked. They forgot.
SIMPLE PAST X PAST CONTINUOUS
Past Continuous
Describes an action that was in progress
when another shorter, completed action took place.
Subject + Vert to be (was,were) + Verb(ing)
I was walking... She was running...
He was talking... We were studying...
You were sleeping... They were watching...
When her brother arrived home last night, she was calling her friends.
While my mom was walking in the park, I broke her cell phone.
While I was taking a shower, my brother prepared the breakfast.
I was using the computer when the electrician turned off the light.
“Think about it!”
