07-11-2022

AFFINAL AND CONSANGUINEOUS KINSHIP TYPE OF KINSHIPS

Primary Kins

KINSHIP
Secondary Kins

Tertiary Kinsa

CONSANGUINEOUS 1. PRIMARY KINS

 Kinship is the relation by the bond of blood, marriage  Relation by the bond of blood is called consanguineous  Primary kinship refers to direct relations. People who are
and includes kindered ones. It represents one of the kinship such as parents and their children and between directly related to each other are known as primary kin.
basic social institutions. Kinship is universal and in most children of same parents.
societies plays a significant role in the socialization of
individuals and the maintenance of group solidarity. In  Every individual who belong to a nuclear family finds his
the current times adopt primary kins within the family.

 There are 8 primary Kins



A.R. REDCLIFF BROWN AFFINAL KINSHIP 2. SECONDARY KINS

 .A.R Radcliffe Brown defines kinship as a system of  Kinship due to marriage is affinal kinship. New relations  Secondary kinship refers to the primary kin’s of primary
dynamic relations between person and person in a are created when marriage takes place. Not only man kin. In other words, those who are directly related to
community, the behavior of any two persons in any of establishes relationship with the girl and the members primary kin (primary kin’s primary kin) become one’s
these relations being regulated in some way and to a of her but also family members of both the man and the secondary kin.
greater or less extent by social usage. woman get bound among themselves. 
Outside the nuclear family the individual can have 33
types of secondary relatives.

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3. TERTIARY KINS (I) AVOIDANCE

DESCENT

 Tertiary kinship refers to the primary kin of primary kin’s  Descent refers to the existence of socially recognized biological relationship
between individuals in society. In general, every society recognizes the fact that
 In all societies the usage of avoidance is observed in one form
primary kin or secondary kin of primary kin primary kin all offspring or children descend from parents and that a biological relationship or another. It means that the two kins should remain away from
of secondary kin. Roughly 151 tertiary kin have been exists between parents and children. It refers to a person’s offspring or his each other. In other words, they should avoid each other. In
parentage. Thus, descent is also used to trace one’s ancestry.
identified. almost all societies avoidance rules prescribe that men and

 women must maintain certain amount of modesty in speech,
. dress and gesture in a mixed company.


KINSHIP CHARACTERISTICS
LINEAGE

 Lineage refers to the line through which descent is traced. This is done through
the father’s line or the mother’s line or sometimes through both sides. Both
 Different explanations have been given for the usage of
descent and lineage go together as one cannot trace descent without lineage. avoidance.
deceased female


deceased male
 Two of them are functionalist explanations given by
female
Redcliff Brown and G. P. Murdock. According to them,

male


(II) JOKING RELATIONSHIP

KINSHIP RELATIONSHIPS KINSHIP USAGES
is married to
is cohabiting with Kinship usages are the rules of kinship. They are significant in  It is the reverse of avoidance relationship.
is divorced from understanding Kinship system.
is separated from  A joking relationship involves a particular combination of friendliness
adopted-in female  They create groups or special groupings or kin. For example- family between individuals and groups in certain social situations. In these
extended family, clan etc. situations one individual or group is allowed to mock the other without
adopted-in male
offence being taken. The usage of the joking relationship permits to
is descended from tease and make fun of the other.
Is the sibling of 


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(III) TEKNONYMY (VI) COUVADE

 The word ‘teknonymy’ has been taken from the Greek word  Under this usage the husband is made to lead the life of
and was used in anthropology for the first time by Taylor. an invalid along with his wife whenever she gives birth
to a child. He refrains from active work and takes sick
diet. He observes the same taboos which are observed
 According to this usage, a kin is not referred to directly but is by his wife. This kinship usage thus involves the husband
referred to through another kin. A kin becomes the medium of and wife.
reference between two kins. Thus, in traditional Hindu family a
wife does not utter the name of her husband. She calls him
through her son or daughter. 

(IV) AVUNCLATE
IMPORTANCE OF KINSHIP USAGE
 Kinship usage create groups: special groupings of kin. Thus marriage
 This kinship usage is a peculiar feature of matriarchal assigns each mother a husband, and makes her children his children,
system. thereby creating a special group of father, mother and children, which
we call “family”.
 It gives to the maternal uncle (mama) a prominent place 
in the life of his nephews and nieces. He has special The second major function of kinship usage is to govern the role
obligations towards them which exceed those of father. relationships between kin; that is, how one kinsman should behave in a
particular kinsman’s presence, or what one kinsman owes to another.
 Kinship assigns guidelines for interactions between persons. It defines
proper, acceptable role between various relationship

(V) AMITATE

 When a special role given to the father’s sister it is

known as amitate.

 The father’s sister gets more respect than the mother.